Montgomery County Community Health Assessment_RPorterNelson-2

Montgomery County
Community Health Assessment 2013
Roneshia Porter-Nelson-LaSalle Univeristy

MONTGOMERY COUNTY HEALTH ASSESSMENT 2013 2
Table of Contents
Abstract............................................................................................................................... 3
Section 1: Community Health Assessment Team ............................................................. 4
Section 2: A Glance of Montgomery County..................................................................... 6
Demographics...............................................................................................................................................................6
Population- Age andGender..............................................................................................................................6
Race and Ethnicity.................................................................................................................................................7
Education........................................................................................................................................................................7
Economic Characteristics........................................................................................................................................8
Household Income and Poverty Levels...........................................................................................................8
Section 3: County Health Data........................................................................................... 9
Snapshot of 2013 Health Outcomes for Montgomery County ................................................................9
Pregnancy /Birth Rate...........................................................................................................................................10
Cancer Incidence......................................................................................................................................................10
Mortality Data...........................................................................................................................................................11
Leading Causes of Death...................................................................................................................................11
Morbidity Data..........................................................................................................................................................12
Communicable Diseases .......................................................................................................................................13
HIV.............................................................................................................................................................................13
Gonorrhea, Chlamydia and Primary and Secondary Syphilis............................................................13
Snapshot of 2013 Health Behaviors that Impact Health Outcomes in Montgomery County .14
Section 5: Selected Health Priorities for Montgomery County...................................... 16
Heart Disease and Cancer Prevention............................................................................................................16
Sexually Transmitted Diseases..........................................................................................................................17
Prenatal Care .............................................................................................................................................................18
Section 6: Existing Health Resources for Montgomery County...................................... 20
Hospitals......................................................................................................................................................................20
Health Centers...........................................................................................................................................................20
Prenatal Care .............................................................................................................................................................20
Smoking Cessation ..................................................................................................................................................21
HIV/STD Health Service Agencies....................................................................................................................21
Section 7: Next Steps........................................................................................................ 23
Dissemination Plan .................................................................................................................................................23
Publications...........................................................................................................................................................23
Presentations........................................................................................................................................................23
Action Plan..................................................................................................................................................................24
Heart Disease and Cancer Prevention.........................................................................................................24
Reproductive Health...........................................................................................................................................24
Prenatal Care........................................................................................................................................................25
References........................................................................................................................ 26

Abstract
The purpose of the community health assessment is to conduct a comprehensive
health needs assessment to describe the current health status of Montgomery County. The
goal of the project is to: 1) gather information about the quality of life and overall health
of those whom reside within Montgomery County, 2) report findings to the community
and all other interested in the findings, 3) establish concrete health priorities and agendas,
and 4) develop strategies that will be effective in improving the current and future health
of Montgomery County residents. The process involves the collection and analysis of
data including health statistics, demographics, environmental factors, etc. This document
is a summery of all the current available data and serves as a forefront for the next health
assessment that will take place. This document also serves as a basis for selecting
community health priorities and development of a strategic action plan that can be used to
meet those identified health needs.

Section 1: Community Health Assessment Team
The Montgomery Health Alliance (MCHA) was established in 2005 with the sole
purpose of increasing the awareness of health issues in Montgomery County, while
facilitating access to resources. For the purpose of this community health assessment the
community partnerships and collaborations already developed by the MCHA will be used
as the primary assessment team. The MCHA consists of the following organizations:
 Abington Memorial Hospital
 Bryn Mawr Hospital
 Delaware Valley Health Insurance Trust
 Einstein Healthcare Network
 Family Services of Montgomery County
 Health Promotion Council
 Holy Redeemer Health System
 Lansdale Hospital
 Main Line Health System
 Montgomery County Health Department
 Montgomery County Medical Society
 Montgomery County School Nurses Association
 North Penn Commmunity Health Foundation
 North Penn Visiting Nurses Association
 North Penn YMCA
 Paoli Hospital

 Penn State Cooperative Extension
 The First Twenty
 VNA-Community Services
 Wissahickon School District
Leading Investigators:
Dr. Joseph M. DiMino
Director of Health/Medical Director
Montgomery County Health Department
Karen E. Konnick
Director of Marketing and Communications
Family Services of Montgomery County
Tinesha Banks, MPH
Deputy Executive Director-Strategic Development
Health Promotion Council

Section 2: A Glance of Montgomery County
Montgomery County is a diverse and historic community located northwest of
Philadelphia County. Montgomery County was originally a part of Philadelphia County
until it became its own county in 1784. Montgomery County is known for its booming
industry and manufacturing companies as well as it rich farmlands. Montgomery County
is the home of 62 municipalities. The 2010 US Census shows the three largest
municipalities in Montgomery County being: Lower Merion Township, Abington
Township, and Cheltenham Township.
Figure 1
Demographics
Population- Age and Gender
The most recent population totals
(2010) shows that Montgomery County
has a population of 799,874. The median
age of residents is 40.6 years of age, with 25.2% of its residents are ages birth to 19 years,
31.1% are ages 20-44 years, 28.5% are ages 45-64 years, and 15.1% are 65 years and
over (Table 1). Males accounted for 48.5% of the county population, while females
represent 51.5% of the counties total population (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010).
Table 1
Population by Age and Gender, Montgomery County, 2010
Age Males Females Total
0-19 years 103,081 98,688 201,769 (25.2%)
20-44 years 123,855 125,260 249,115 (31.1%)
45-64 years 110,616 117,647 228,263 (28.5%)
65 and over 50,412 70,315 120,727 (15.1%)
Total 387,964 (48.5%) 411,910 (51.5%) 799,874
Source: US Census Bureau, 2010 Demographic Profile

The percentage of Montgomery County residents, by age and gender, is similar in
comparison to those for Pennsylvania (Table 2). The median age of Pennsylvania
residents is 40.1 years. Males accounted for 48.7% of the states population, while females
represented 51.3% of the states total populations (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). The
percentages for Montgomery County in comparison to the percentages of the state are
roughly identical.
Table 2
Population by Age and Gender, Pennsylvania, 2010
Age Males Females Total
0-19 years 1,625,267 1,554,123 3,179,390
20-44 years 2,000,997 1,999,937 4,000,934
45-64 years 1,743,042 1,819,706 3,562,748
65 and over 821,057 1,138,250 1,959,307
Total 6,190,363 (48.7%) 6,512,016 (51.3%) 12,702,379
Source: US Census Bureau, 2010 Demographic Profile
Race and Ethnicity
Table 3
Population by Race in Montgomery County and Pennsylvania, 2010
Race Montgomery County Pennsylvania
White 649,021 10,406,288
African American 69,351 1,377,689
Asian 51,565 349,088
American Indian and Alaska Native 1,174 26,843
Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander 296 3,653
Other 12,947 300,983
Identified by two or more 15,520
Total 799,874 12,702,379
Source: US Census Bureau, 2010 Interactive Population Search
Education
There is an outstanding array of educational opportunities available for the
residents of Montgomery County. Between 2007-2011 there were 206, 423 residents over
the age of three enrolled in school: nursery schools (7.5%), kindergarten (4.5%),

elementary school 1-8 (39.4%), high school 9-12 (21.4%), and college/graduate school
(27.1%) (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). Also available to residents are more than 15
institutions of higher learning including Arcadia University, Bryn Mawr College, Harcum
College, Montgomery County Community College, Rosemont College, Ursinus College,
Gwynedd Mercy College, Manor Junior College, Pennsylvania State University-
Abington, and Temple University-Ambler. The 2007-2011 American Community Survey
shows that Montgomery County beat Pennsylvania for educational measures: 92.9% of
Montgomery county residents over the age of 25 are high school graduates or higher,
compared to 87.9% for the state of Pennsylvania; in the same cohort, 44.4% obtained a
bachelor’s degree or higher in comparison to the 26.7% for the state of Pennsylvania
(Table 4).
Table 4
Educational Attainment, Population Over 25, Montgomery County and Pennsylvania, 2007-2011
Educational Category Montgomery County Pennsylvania
Number Percent Number Percent
Less than 9th grade 12,339 2.2 332,207 3.9
9th to 12th grade, no diploma 26,928 4.9 709,982 8.2
High School graduate 142,136 25.8 3,233,796 37.6
Some college, no degree 89,195 16.2 1,402,444 16.3
Associates degree 35,270 6.4 636,147 7.4
Bachelors degree 141,805 25.8 1,416,932 16.5
Graduate or professional degree 102,752 18.7 879,628 10.2
Percent high school graduate or higher 92.9% 87.9%
Percent bachelor’s degree or higher 44.4% 26.7%
Source: US Census Bureau, 2007-2011 American Community Survey
Economic Characteristics
Household Income and Poverty Levels
According to the 2007-2011 American Community Survey, the county’s median
household income of $78,446 was higher than $51,651 for Pennsylvania. Estimates for

Montgomery county families below the poverty level are: 3.7% of all families; 1.8% of
married couple families; and 14.1% of all families with female householder, where there
is no husband present (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). Percentages of Montgomery County
families below poverty level are lower than the estimates for Pennsylvania families living
below the poverty level. As described in Figure 2, a larger percentage of Montgomery
County households have incomes that exceed $100,000, while a smaller percentage is
represented throughout the state of Pennsylvania.
Figure 2
Source: US Census Bureau, 2007-2011 American Community Survey
Section 3: County Health Data
Snapshot of 2013 Health Outcomes for Montgomery County
Montgomery County is ranked the 6th healthiest for overall health outcomes, 5th
healthiest for mortality, and 10th healthiest for morbidity in the state of Pennsylvania.
Montgomery County has achieved the national targeted benchmark for premature death.
Poor or fair health and poor physical health days are slightly above the targeted
benchmark. Poor mental health days and low birth weight are significantly higher than
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
31.20% 31.20%
37.70%36.70% 36.40%
26.90%
PercentofHousehold
Estimated Income
HouseholdIncome by Montgomery County and
Pennsylvania,2007-2011
Montco
PA

the national targeted benchmark; therefore, mental health and birth weight poses a
concern for this county and needs to be decreased in order to improve overall health
outcomes (Table 5) (County Health Rankings & Roadmaps, 2013).
Table 5
Montgomery County
Health Ranking
Montgomery
Value
PA Value Target Value
Health Outcomes
Mortality:
Premature Death 5,172 6,973 5,317 
Morbidity:
Poor or fair health 11% 14% 10% 
Poor physical health
days
2.8 3.5 2.6 
Poor mental health days 3.2 3.6 2.3 
Low birth weight 7.2% 8.4% 6.0% 
Source: County Health Rankings, Montgomery County, 2013
Pregnancy /Birth Rate
In 2010, Black female residents of Montgomery County accounted for the highest
percentage of low birth weights (13.6%), no prenatal care in first trimester (45%), and
births to mothers under the age of 18 (6.1%) within the county (Pennsylvania Department
of Health, 2013). In 2010, there were a total of 179,003 reported pregnancies with more
than half of those reported pregnancies being women between the ages of 20-29. Birth
outcomes in 2010 are as followed: 142,370 live births, 1,406 fetal deaths, and 35,227
induced abortions.
Cancer Incidence
In 2007-2009, cancer incidence rates were high for both male and female
residents of Montgomery County. Prostate cancer marked the biggest cancer rate for
males, while breast cancer was the highest in female residents. The second leading cancer

rate for both males and females was cancer of the lung and bronchus. The third leading
cancers for Montgomery County residents (both male and female) were colon and rectum
cancer (Table 6) (Pennsylvania Department of Health, 2013).
Table 6
Cancer Incidence in Montgomery County for Major Sites by Sex, 2007-2009
Male Female
All Sites 7,042 6,866
Prostate 2,149 -----
Female Breast ----- 2,009
Lung/Bronchus 844 871
Colon/Rectum 592 636
Urinary Bladder 558 195
Uterus ---- 490
Lymphoma 319 275
Kidney/Renal Pelvis 291 154
Melanoma 305 227
Source: Pennsylvania Department of Health, Montgomery County Health Profile, 2012
Mortality Data
Leading Causes of Death
In 2010, there were a total of 6,937 deaths to Montgomery County residents. Cancer was
the leading cause of deaths in Montgomery County in 2010, accounting for 1,676 deaths.
The second leading cause of death in 2010 is heart disease (1,649 deaths), followed by
stroke (430 deaths), and chronic lower respiratory disease (311 deaths) (Table 67. The
top causes of deaths in 2010 vary by race and gender (Pennsylvania Department of
Health, 2013). For Whites the leading causes of death in 2010 were cancer, heart disease,
stroke, and chronic lower respiratory disease. For Blacks the leading causes of death in
2010 were heart disease, cancer, stroke, and chronic lower respiratory disease,
respectively. For females in 2010, the leading cause of deaths was cancer, while for

males the leading cause of deaths was heart disease. Leading causes of death also vary by
age group (Table 8) (Pennsylvania Department of Health, 2013).
Table 7
Montgomery County Deaths by Top 5 Causes of Death, Gender, and
Race, 2010
Cause of Death Black White All Other Races
Male Female Male Female Male Female
Heart Disease 63 57 723 779 14 5
Cancer 57 62 719 802 17 16
Stroke 21 28 140 227 5 7
Chronic Lower
Respiratory Disease
10 10 121 167 1 2
Non-transport
Accidents
12 3 130 103 2 1
Source: Pennsylvania Department of Health, Death Statistics, 2010
Table 8
Leading Causes of Death in Montgomery County by Age Group, 2010
5 years and under 5-24 years 25-44 years 45-64 years 65 years and older
Perinatal
Conditions
31 Accidents 28 Accidents 68 Cancer 389 Heart Disease 1,462
Birth Defects 8 Suicide 12 Cancer 40 Heart Disease 171 Cancer 1,245
Accidents 2 Homicide 3 Suicide 31 Accidents 62 Stroke 397
Heart Disease 14 Suicide 51 C.L.R.D. 283
Diabetes 5 Liver Dis. 34 Alzhiemer’s 186
Total 53 Total 60 Total 198 Total 1026 Total 5,600
Source: Pennsylvania Department of Health, Montgomery County Health Profile, 2012
Morbidity Data
Between 2008-2010, morbidity rates were the highest for the following selected
diseases: chlamydia, Lyme disease, gonorrhea, chronic hepatitis B, and salmonellosis.
There were a total of 132,819 cases of chlamydia, 13,518 cases of Lyme disease, 5,415
cases of salmonellosis, and 5,137 cases of chronic hepatitis B (Pennsylvania Department
of Health, 2013).

Communicable Diseases
HIV
There are currently 1,017 Montgomery County residents currently living with
AIDS as of December 2012. Approximately, 692 residents have died from HIV between
1980 and 2012 (Pennsylvania Department of Health, 2013). The annual diagnosis of
HIV/AIDs cases has continued to fluctuate over the last four years. There has been
neither a steady decrease nor a steady increase in the number of cases diagnosed each
year; however, there was a significant decrease in the amount of reported cases between
2010 and 2011 (Figure 3).
Figure 3
Source: Pennsylvania Department of Health, Annual HIV Surveillance Summary, 2012
Gonorrhea, Chlamydia and Primary and Secondary Syphilis
The most recent available data on sexually transmitted diseases is from 2007. In
2007, the total number of reported cases of chlamydia was drastically higher than those
reported cases of gonorrhea and primary and secondary syphilis combined. The age range
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2009 2010 2011 2012
NumberofCases
Year of Diagnosis
HIV/AIDS Cases in Montgomery County
by Year of Diagnosis, 2009-2012
HIV/AIDS Cases

of 15-24 years old had the highest reported cases for both gonorrhea (142 cases) and
chlamydia (876 cases) (Figure 4).
Figure 4
Source: Pennsylvania Department of Health, STD Regional Report, 2007
Snapshot of 2013 Health Behaviors that Impact Health Outcomes in
Montgomery County
Montgomery County is ranked 2nd healthiest for overall health factors and 3rd
healthiest for health behaviors in the state of Pennsylvania. Montgomery County has
achieved the national targeted benchmark for both obesity and physical inactivity
(County Health Rankings, 2013). This shows that the county is physically active in turn
lower the amount of individuals who are obese. Motor vehicle crash death rate and teen
birth rate are below the national targeted benchmark. The problem areas for this county
142
876
3
64
255
3
37 50
5
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Gonorrhea Chlamydia P &S Syphilis
NumberofReportedCases
STD Cases by Age and Disease Category
in Montgomery County, 2007
15-24 years
25-34 years
35-44 years

are smoking, drinking, and sexually transmitted infections all of which are significantly
higher than the target benchmark (Table 9).
Table 9
Health Factors
Health Behaviors Montgomery
Value
PA Value Target Value
Adult Smoking 16% 21% 13% 
Adult Obesity 25% 29% 25% 
Physical Inactivity 21% 26% 21% 
Excessive Drinking 17% 17% 7% 
Motor Vehicle Crash Death
Rate
7 12 10 
Sexually Transmitted Infections 197 374 92 
Teen Birth Rate 15 29 21 
Source: County Health Rankings, Montgomery County, 2013

Section 5: Selected Health Priorities for Montgomery County
The top 10 health concerns for Montgomery county residents are: heart
disease, cancer, sexually transmitted diseases, Lyme Disease, prenatal care,
smoking, drinking, stroke, physical activity, and salmonellosis. From this list 4 topics
were chosen to be the counties health priorities:
Heart Disease and Cancer Prevention
Overview
Heart Disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. There an existing
conditions as well as health behaviors that pose a risk for developing heart disease. C
Cancer, also known medically as malignant neoplasm, is characterized by unregulated
cell growth. Conditions that place people at a higher risk for developing heart disease and
cancer are high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and diabetes. Healthy behaviors such as
tobacco use, unhealthy eating, lacked of physical activity, obesity, and alcohol
consumption all increased the risk of heart disease (Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention [CDC], 2013).
County Analysis
Heart Disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Data from the
County Health Ranking (2013) shows that smoking and alcohol consumption rates are
significantly higher than the national intended value. Although Montgomery County has
achieved the intended target value for obesity and physical inactivity it would still be
beneficial to lower this current value. All those health behaviors that pose a risk for heart
disease are present in Montgomery County. The residents are participating in risky health

behaviors that have lead to a large amount of deaths due to heart disease. Prostate cancer
is the highest reported cancer cite for male residents of Montgomery County, while breast
cancer is the highest for female residents. Lung and Bronchus cancer is the second
leading cancer in both women and men. Reviewing the data on smoking habits of
Montgomery County residents it could be concluded that smoking may be the primary
cause.
Disparities
In Montgomery County, Heart Disease affects more men than women and the
number of deaths due to heart disease increases with age. Black women have the highest
death rates of all social and ethnic groups in reference to breast cancer (CDC, 2013).
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Overview
The CDC (2013) suggests that there are more than 100 million STDs nationwide
among both women and men. Young people tend to have a higher risk of acquiring STDs
due to a combination of behavioral and biological reasons. Consistent and correct use of
protective barriers can reduce the transmission of STDs
County Analysis
In 2007, chlamydia is the leading STD reported across all age ranges. It also
accounted for the highest morbidity rate between 2008-2010 in Montgomery County. The
second leading STD reported for Montgomery County is gonorrhea.

Disparities
Those residents between the ages of 15-24 accounted for the highest number of
reported cases of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and primary and secondary syphilis.
Prenatal Care
Overview
Prenatal care is health care that you receive while you are pregnant. It is
structured to make sure that the mother and baby remain healthy throughout the duration
of the pregnancy. Through prenatal care doctors our able to determine can complication
early and treat them. It is a form of early intervention that is beneficial in preventing
problems and giving the baby a healthy start on life. Babies of mothers who do not seek
prenatal care are three times more likely to have a baby born with low birth weight. They
are also five times more likely to die giving birth than those mothers who sought prenatal
care (womenshealth.gov).
County Analysis
In 2010, 25.7% of women did not receive prenatal care during that first trimester.
During that same year there were a total of 67 fetal deaths. 6.7% of those women who
gave birth gave birth to babies with a low birth weight (Pennsylvania Department of
Health, 2013).
Disparities

A higher percentage of Black women whom reside in Montgomery County bore
babies with low birth weight and did not have prenatal care in first trimester in
comparison to white women (Pennsylvania Department of Health, 2013).

Section 6: Existing Health Resources for Montgomery County
Hospitals
Abington Memorial Hospital
Bryn Mawr Hospital
Central Montgomery Medical Center
Chestnut Hill Rehabilitation Hospital
Eagleville Hospital and Rehabilitation
Center
Einstein Medical Center Montgomery
Elkins Park Hospital
Grand View hospital
Holy Redeemer Hospital
Lankenau Hospital
Montgomery County Emergency
Services Inc
Montgomery Hospital
Norristown State Hospital
Northwestern Institute of Psychiatry
Pottstown Memorial Medical Center
Suburban Mercy Hospital
The Horsham Clinic
Valley Forge Medical Center
Health Centers
Norristown Health Center
Phone: 610-278-5145
Address: Montgomery County Human Services Center
1430 DeKalb Street
Norristown, PA 19401
Fax: 610-278-5166
Services: Immunizations, communicable disease testing, and TB and Lead Screening
Pottstown Health Center
Phone: 610-278-5145
1430 DeKalb Street
Fax: 610-278-5166
Willow Grove Health Center
Phone: 610-278-5145
1430 DeKalb Street
Fax: 610-278-5166
Prenatal Care
Montgomery County Prenatal Service Program
Contact: Infant Health Coordinator

Address: Family OB/GYN Center
15 West Wood Street, 2nd Fl
Phone: 610-270-2210
Services: early care, laboratory tests, pregnancy education, counseling on healthy eating,
and assistance with smoking cessation and substance abuse
Maternal and Family Health Services, Inc. –Abington Center
Address: 1128 Old York Rd, Suite B
Abington, PA 19001
Phone: 215-887-8006
Services: health screenings, nutrition education, and provides vouchers for purchase of
nutritious foods
*There are 3 other locations within Montgomery County: Norristown, Lansdale, and
Pottstown.
United Health Care, Inc.-Moms Program
Phone: 1-800-321-4462
Address: Wanamaker Building
100 Penn, Sq East, Suite 100
Philadelphia, PA 19107
Services: health insurance programs, childbirth classes, OB/GYN, home visiting,
pregnancy testing, prenatal clinics, teen pregnancy, information/referral
Smoking Cessation
Coalition for Tobacco-Free Montgomery County
Phone: 800-200-2229
Address: PO BOX 904
Dublin, PA 18917
Fax: 215-249-1721
Services: nicotine replacement products, education on the harms of smoking, advocacy,
and coordination of cessation programs
HIV/STD Health Service Agencies
Planned Parenthood-Norristown
Phone: 610-279-6095
Address: 1221 Powell Street
Services: abortion referral, birth control, HIV testing, LGBT services, emergency
contraception, pregnancy testing and services, STD testing/treatment, and vaccines

Family Service of Montgomery County
Phone: 610-630-2111
Address: Administrative & Central Office
3125 Ridge Pike
Eagleville, PA 19403
Services: home support services, senior companion, meals on wheels

Section 7: Next Steps
Dissemination Plan
Now that the health issues have be prioritized and health resources have been
identified, the assessment team aims to disseminate all its results and findings to the local
health department, community partners, community stakeholders, and the general
population. The dissemination plan focuses on publications and presentations that can be
easily shared with multiple groups.
Publications
 Publish findings and selected health priorities in a number of media formats
including hard copies, CD-ROM, and electronic copies
 Develop a Public Service Announcement (PSA)
 Prepare a short summary of our findings that simply highlights the key points of
the community health assessment
 Create a PowerPoint presentation that will be used to present the teams findings
Presentations
 Share PSA with key public health officials
 Present findings to local health service centers and surrounding county hospitals
 Develop a news article that can be featured by the Montgomery News Network
 Present findings to YMCA’s within Montgomery County whom can post and
share findings with the local residents

Action Plan
Heart Disease and Cancer Prevention
 Decrease Blood Pressure
o Promote Healthy Eating
o Partner with markets: Acme, Whole Foods, The Fresh Market, etc.
 Decrease Tobacco Use
o Tobacco-Free Campaign in partnership with the Coalition for Tobacco-
Free Montgomery County
o Promote local business and surrounding facilities to become smoke free
 Increase Physical Activity
o Development of physical activity programs using county parks and
recreational facilities
 Monthly activity schedules
 Free of charge
 Increase the amount of women obtaining mammograms
o Campaign
Reproductive Health
 Decrease the number of reported HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted disease
cases
o Safe sex campaign using flyers and billboards
o Increase publicity of screening and treatment agencies
 Increase condom use

o Increase availability: doctors offices, counseling offices, planned
parenthood
o Promote importance of continuous condom use for adults and elderly as
well
Prenatal Care
 Decrease the percentage of children born with low birth weights
o Nutrition education and workshops with the help of Women, Infants, and
Children (WIC) offices throughout Montgomery County
 Eliminate disparities for Black female residents of Montgomery County
o Conduct a prenatal care survey to identify factors that cause health
disparities in pregnancy and birth
o Use findings of survey to create an action plan specifically for increasing
prenatal care in black females
 Increase use of prenatal services
o Create a listing of prenatal services located in Montgomery county and
disperse them in all appropriate facilities

References
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Heart Disease. Retrieved July, 9,
2013, from http://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/statistics.htm
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Sexually transmitted diseases.
Retrieved July, 9, 2013, from http://www.cdc.gov/std/default.htm
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Cancer. Retrieved July, 9, 2013, from
http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/
County Health Rankings & Roadmaps. (2013). 2013 County snapshot: Montgomery
county. Retrieved July 9, 2013, from
http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/app/pennsylvania/2013/montgomery/county
/outcomes/overall/snapshot/by-rank
Pennsylvania Department of Health. (2013). Montgomery county health profile 2012.
Retrieved July 9, 2013, from
http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt?open=514&objID=596007&mode=
2
Pennsylvania Department of Health. (2013). 2007 STD regional report. Retrieved July 9,
2013, from
2
Pennsylvania Department of Health. (2013). 2012 Annual HIV surveillance summary.
2
Pennsylvania Department of Health. (2013). Death statistics. Retrieved July 9, 2013,
from
2
U.S. Census Bureau. (2010). 2010 Demographic profile: Pennsylvania. Retrieved July
10, 2013, from
http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xht
ml?pid=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1
U.S. Census Bureau. (2010). 2010 Demographic profile: Montgomery county. Retrieved
July 10, 2013, from
http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid
=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1

U.S. Census Bureau. (2010). 2007-2011 American community survey 5-year estimates:
Montgomery County. Retrieved July 8, 2013, from
=ACS_11_5YR_DP02
U.S. Census Bureau. (2010). 2007-2011 American community survey 5-year estimates:
Pennsylvania. Retrieved July 8, 2013, from
=ACS_11_5YR_DP02
U.S. Census Bureau. (2010). 2010 Interactive population search: Montgomery County.
http://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=42:42091
U.S. Census Bureau. (2010). 2010 Interactive population search: Pennsylvania.
http://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=42
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Womens Health. (2013).
Prenatal care fact sheet. Retrieved July, 13, 2013, from
http://womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/prenatal-
care.pdf

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