1. Byateguwe na
Dr. Gervais HABARUGIRA
UMUSARURO W’AMATA
N’ISUKU YAWO

2. Bimwe Mubigira Ingaruka Ku ngano
n’Ubwiza bw’Amata
1. Ubwoko bw’Inka n’inshuro ikamwa mu munsi;
2. Imirire (Ibyo kurya n’inshuro Inka irya ku munsi)
[75% by’umukamo bikomoka kubyo kurya];
3. Kuba inka ihaka;
4. Kurinda kw’inka;
5. Imiti imwe n’imwe;
6. Ghungabana k’ubuzima [Guhinduka k’umukamyi,
Urusaku, Guhinduka ku mikamire, etc];
7. Imiterere y’Inka ubwayo [Icebe, etc.].

3. A. Ibintu bifite uruhare ku bwiza bw’amata:
• Ibyo amatungo agaburirwa
(ntugomba kugaburira inka ubwatsi bubisi mu gihe cyo
gukama cg mbere yaho gato = bihindura uburyohe)
• Ubuzima bw’amatungo: inka irwaye ikamwa make
kandi atari meza.
• Mu gihe inka irwaye ugomba kwitondera ibi
bikurikira:
*Indwara zanduza abantu nk’igituntu n’amakore;

4. • Indwara y’icebe (ifumbi): udukoko two mubwoko bwa
bagiteri twangiza ubwiza bw’amata kandi n’abayanywa
bashobora kwandura.
* Imiti ivurishwa nka “antibiotike” amata ntagomba
kugurishwa kugeza igihe cyateganijwe kirangiye.
• Isuku mu gukama: ifite uruhare runini ku isuku y’amata
akamwe
• Ugomba gukurikiza ibi bikurikira:
- Inka igomba kuba ifite isuku n’icebe ukaryoza mbere yo
gukama;
- Aho gukamira hagomba kuba hari isuku (nta vumbi cg
icyondo);

5. - Umukamyi agombye kugira isuku ku mubiri (intoki), ari
muzima (nta ndwara zandura afite: impiswi, inzara
ndende, ...);
- Umukamyi agomba gusuzuma amata mbere nibi nta fumbi,
kandi iziyirwaye zikamwa nyuma, akibuka kutavanga
umuhondo n’andi mata;
- Nyuma yo gukama, amata arayungururwa,
agapfundikirwa kandi agashyirwa ahantu hari isuku

6. 2. GUTUNGANYA, KUBIKA AMATA HITAWE
KU ISUKU NO KUYARINDA KWANGIRIKA
NO KUYATWARA
• Bimwe mu bitera amata kwangirika
udukoko two mubwoko bwa “bagiteri” twangiza
amata; amata arimo intungamubiri nyinshi kandi
natwo twororoka vuba;
gusuka amazi mu mata bishobora gituma hajyamo
udukoko twangiza amata;

7. • Kubika amata mu bintu bikozwe mu cyuma kandi bifite
isuku;
• Irinde kudaha amata uyakura mu gicuba uyashyira mu kindi,
ahubwo urasuka;
• Irinde gukama inka cg indi mirimo ijyanye n’amata urwaye;
• Irinde kubika amata igihe kirekire kandi ahantu hashyushye
mbere yo kuyageza ku ikaragiro (Ikusanyirizo);
Uko twakwirinda igihombo gitewe no
kwangirika kw’amata

8.  Ushobora kuyateka kugira ngo wice udukoko,
hanyuma ukayakonjesha;
 Amata ntabikwa mu cyumba kimwe
n’ibindibiribwa;
 Ku bayacuruza, ahantu n’ibikoresho n’ucuruza
mugomba kuba mufite isuku ihagije.

9. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gutegura no kubika
amata
 ibikoresho (ibicuba) bikozwe muri aluminiyumu
(ntibitwara ingese, byoroshye kubisukura);
amatanki manini (mu gutwara amata menshi)
[ariko arahenze];
amajerekani ya plastike yagenewe gukoreshwa
rimwe gusa (ntugomba gukora amajerekani yavuyemo
irangi cg indi miti).

10. Ugomba gukoresha isabune, n’indi miti mu
koza ibicuba n’ibindi bikoresho kuko yica
udukoko twa mikorobe;
Hanyuma ushyira igicuba mu mazi
ashyushye, ukayarekeramo nibura umunota
umwe kugira ngo mikorobe zipfe;
Uburyo bwo kwoza ibicuba (wita ku
isuku)

11. Abakozi bose bafite uruhare mugutwara
amata bagomba kwita ku isuku yabo bwite;
Ibicuba n’imodoka bitwara amata bigomba
igihe cyose kugirirwa isuku;
Imodoka igombye kuba itwikiriye (kurinda
izuba, ivumbi, ubushyuhe bwinshi,..);
MU GIHE CYO GUTWARA AMATA HITABWA
KURI IBI BIKURIKIRA:

12. MU GIHE CYO GUTWARA AMATA HITABWA
KURI IBI BIKURIKIRA: (Birakomeza)
 Ntugombye kurenza amasaha atatu nyuma yo
gukama amata ataragera aho akonjesherezwa;
 Rinda amata kwicunda cyane mu gihe cyo kuyatwara;
uzuza neza ibicuba ntusige akanya na gato, kandi
mugusuka wirinde urufuro (rwatuma amata
yangirika);
 Nta kindi kintu ugomba gupakira mu modoka.

13.  Buri mukozi ukora mu bijyanye n’amata agomba gusuzumwa
na muganga wemewe (6 mois);
 Umukozi wese ufite indwara yandura (Igituntu, Amakore, …)
ntagomba gukora mu bworozi (contamination des produits)
 Abakozi bagomba guhorana isuku (inzara zikase, gukaraba
bavuye mubwiherero, …)
 Imyambaro y’akazi igomba guhorana isuku kandi
ntiyambarwa hanze yako
Isuku bwite ku bakozi bakorera ahatunganyirizwa
amata

14. 1. Amata arimo intunga mubiri nyinshi bityo na za mikorobe
zirayakunda, bikayagabanyiriza ubwiza;
2. Buri cyiciro cyo gutunganya amata gishobora gutera kuzana
ubwandu mu mata; bigatera n’ingaruka kuri kubiyakomokaho
bityo rero ntaho ugomba agaciro gake;
3. Mbere yo kuyageza muruganda isuku y’amata-ireba
umworozi n’abakozi be;
4. Nyuma yo kwakira amata ku ruganda hamaze gukorwa
ibipimo isuku ireba abakozi b’uruganda;
5. Rero buri wese agomba gutunganya neza ibimureba kugira
ngo unyungu igerweho ku mpande zombi.
UMWANZURO

15. Uruganda rutunganya
amata
Inka y’amata (Uruganda
Rukora Amata)