Russia experiences significant migration issues both internally and internationally according to a 2011 Youth Yabloko report. Internally, many Russians migrate to large cities like Moscow and St. Petersburg for work, making up 41% of workers in St. Petersburg. Externally, while illegal immigration numbers have declined since 2001, it still affects around 3.5 million people in 2011. At the same time, about 60% of highly skilled Russians want to emigrate, leading to brain drain. Current policies aim to control migration through work permits, migrant quotas for regions, and fines for illegal hiring, but corruption and poor conditions remain problems.

1. MIGRATION IN RUSSIA (2 nd place by immigration according to the Worldbank) Youth Yabloko. 2011

2. EMIGRATION

3. IMMIGRATION

4. INTERNAL MIGRATION

5. PROBLEMS Illegal migration (in 2011 — 3.5 mln, in 2001 — 10 mln, in Moscow 15% of registered migrants work legally), including corruption, bad conditions of living... Internal migration (in St. Pet 41% of workers) Highly skilled emigrants (about 60% want to emigrate) Low skilled immigrants Raising nationalism and crimes

6. Current policy Work permission through the federal migration service (doesn't really apply for CIS) Quotas for migrants in the regions (ex. Moscow is ready to accept 200 000 migrants in 2012) Fines for companies for illegal employees Regional programmes (ex. In St.Petersburg - «Tolerance»)