Various impact and challenges of microchemistry

1. BY
TRISHA DAS
18HMPA05
PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS AND QUALITY
ASSURANCE
HIMALAYAN PHARMACY INSTITUTE
MAJHITAR, EAST SIKKIM
SIKKIM
MICRO CHEMISTRY- IMPACT AND
CHALLENGES
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2. Definition
 The branch of chemistry concerned with the
reactions and properties of substances in minute
quantities.
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3. Medical definition,
Chemistry dealing with manipulation of very
small quantities for the purposes of
preparation, characterization and analysis
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4. Difference between Microchemistry
and Small Scale Chemistry
SMALL SCALE
CHEMISTRY
MICROCHEMISTRY
Small scale chemistry uses plastics lab
ware and chemicals to reduce
concentrations.
This method is commonly used to save on
supplies.
Microchemistry uses glassware that is
specifically designed for microchemistry
and chemicals in smaller volumes.
This method is commonly used to reduce
the quantities of chemicals used
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5. Types of Microchemical
reactions
Microchemical reactions can be classified on the basis of
their reaction products:
 Spot tests
 Crystal tests
 Microchemical analysis
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6. Spot tests
 These are typically based upon the formation of colored
reaction products, reaction indicators involves formation
of gases, florescent compounds etc.
 Spot test are usually very sensitive.
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7.  Beside their use as screening tests for the controlled
substances, spot tests are used throughout a modern forensic
science laboratory as well as in the field at crime scenes
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8. Uses:
 Spot tests are used for explosive and explosive
residue analysis.
 Unburned powder residues on clothing or skin can
be visualized and identified by spot testing.
 Used in serology
 Used in analytical evidence of trace evidence.
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9. Crystal tests
 Crystal tests derive their name from the fact that
the reaction products of these tests are crystalline
solids.
 Qualitative crystal tests for inorganic ions are well
establised
Uses:
 Crystal tests are useful for the identification of
many other organic substances besides drugs
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10.  Microchemical tests and techniques are best used
in conjunction with sensitive analytical
instruments.
 Microchemical techniques are also important as
tools for the preparation of small samples or single
particles for instrumental analysis
Microchemical analysis
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11. Impact of Microchemistry
 Microchemistry ensures those processes that
cannot be carried out in standard reaction.
 This technology offers a better control of chemical
process and thus makes the development and
production of higher quality and purity products
possible.
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12.  Microchemistry increases chemical process’s safety
and environment friendliness.
 Smaller reagent volumes are used and explosive
reactions are conducted in a confined environment.
 It leads also to higher energy efficiency with a better
defined and more precise control over the reaction.
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13.  It shortens reaction times, and makes it
possible to run standard cryogenic reactions at
room temperature.
 From an economic point of view, although the
investment cost is higher than for batch
processes with similar throughput, the
operating costs are lower.
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14.  In a future perspective, microchemistry could
also be used for delocalized production avoiding
product transportation.
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15. Challenges of microchemistry
 The challenge for this technology is to spread the
use of this technology. It will be possible by
overcoming the remaining technical and economic
hurdles to Microchemistry implementation.
 The main challenge of Microchemistry is now to
optimize the number of reactions made possible,
especially in the solid phase.
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16. Benefits
 Waste is reduced
 Promotes safety
 It cuts costs
 It also saves time
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17. Advantages
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18. Other advantages are:
 Accelerated Reaction
 Integrated Operations
 Compact Size, Minute Volumes
 Efficient Synthesis
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19. Future trends
This new technology is expected to contribute largely
to the future science technology by miniaturizing the
processes that has been operated at laboratories or
factories.
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23. References
1. https://www.i-mt.co.jp/en/about/micro-chemical/
2. https://www.chemservice.com/news/2014/06/discover-the-benefits-
of-microchemistry/
3. Pieters B, Andrieux G, Eloy J.C, The impact of microtechnologies
on Chemical and Pharmaceutical production processes, chem. Eng.
Technol. 2007, 30, No. 3, 407-409.
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