The Melbourne Metro Rail Project will transform Melbourne's rail network through the construction of two nine-kilometer rail tunnels from South Kensington to South Yarra that will include 5 new underground stations. This will increase the capacity, reliability, and efficiency of Melbourne's busiest train lines serving the city's growth areas. The project is needed as Melbourne is Australia's fastest growing city and its population is expected to double by 2050, requiring improvements to maintain the city's liveability and prosperity.