Maximizing the ROI of Fleet Electrification

Maximizing the ROI of
Fleet Electrification

Maximizing the ROI of Fleet Electrification
We’re on a Mission…
1. Get more EVs out there faster
2. Make the EV ownership experience better
The Connected Car Toolset

Scale your EV fleet
with confidence
Manage your EV
fleet effectively
1 2 3Optimize EV charging
Today’s Agenda

We’re on the dawn of the EV era…

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2024
Mileage(MPG)
Today
Steep increase in CAFE standards are leading to:
 More plug-in electric vehicles from OEMs
 Higher vehicle purchase prices but lower operating costs
Fuel Economy Standards (CAFE)
+27 MPG
(double in 12 years)

Turning off the light?
(Behavioral Change)
Installing LED bulbs?
(Technological change)
If you were an energy conservation manager and were compensated based on
kWh saved, which strategy would you allocate your budget towards?
Energy Savings Analogy

The Rubik’s Challenge
Integrating EVs can be a lot like solving a Rubik’s cube. If you know
what you’re doing, you can have it solved in 4.9 seconds. If you don’t…
… I’m sure you’ve been there.

(1) TIME
Will adopting EVs
require more of my
already lacking, time?
How much time will I
have to allocate for
operator/mechanic
training?
(2) MONEY
Will adopting EVs
require more of my
already lacking,
budget?
Will I save enough
fuel to make up for
the premium capital
cost of EVs?
(3) KNOWLEDGE
How will EVs work in my
fleet?
What type of charging
infrastructure will I need?
Which EVs are best for my
fleet?
Using traditional approaches, all of the answers to these questions are “I don’t know” and each add:
R I S K
The four letter word that nobody likes
Pillars of Risk Associated with EV Adoption

Overcoming Barriers to EV Adoption
What will my
electricity costs
be?
What is my operating
cost per mile?
What will be my
fuel economy?
What about my
maintenance costs?
How long my
EV fleet need
to charge for? Will we need
BEVs or PHEVs?
What’s my payback
using my criteria?
… by taking a data-driven and customized approach

0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
%ofFleetICEVehicles
Daily Distance Travelled
Average distance for ICE fleet vehicles:
40 miles/day
(~63 km / day)
% of vehicles travelling < 40 miles per day:
56%
Sample size = 3,686
6 12 19 25 31 37 43 50 56 62 68 75 81 87 93 99 106 112 118 124 miles
km
ICE Vehicle Utilization: Average Daily Distance

Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)
need to:
• Be range capable for their fleet
application, while keeping the vehicle
utilization up
Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles
(PHEVs) need to:
• Maximize their electric driving as a
proportion of total utilization
The EV Utilization Challenge for Fleets

8 EV Models Commonly Used in Fleets
Smart Fortwo ED
- 68 mile (109 km) range
- Small but affordable
- Administrative
positions, traveling to
various work sites
Tesla Model S
- High end, luxurious
- Taxi and police fleets
Nissan Leaf
- Affordable, class leader
- Administrative positions,
deliveries, utility surveyors
BMW i3
- Range extender
available (150 miles /
241 km range)
- Green livery fleets, taxi
and police fleets
Newton Truck
- Highly configurable
- Delivery fleets, stake
bed trucks, repair truck
for utilities
Chevy Volt
- 53 mile (85 km) electric
range
- Gas motor eliminates
any range anxiety
- All-purpose sedan,
small parcel deliveries
Ford Fusion Energi
- 19 mile (31 km) electric
range
- Elite economy for short
trips
- Shuttle, short
deliveries,
Kia Soul EV
- Efficient and versatile
- Transport bulkier
items, delivery fleets,
replacement for work
trucks

Step #1
Data log
existing vehicles
Step #2
Simulate duty cycle data in EV
modelling and simulation software
Step #3
Build multi-year EV adoption plan
How are the vehicles currently
being used?
Bringing Data into the Equation
Will EVs be range/charge capable?
Will they reduce total costs?
How do I begin incorporating
EVs into my fleet?

EV Modelling & Simulation Demonstration Video

Customized Roadmap to Evaluate EV Risk and Reward

$-
$20,000.00
$40,000.00
$60,000.00
$80,000.00
$100,000.00
$120,000.00
$140,000.00
$160,000.00
Total Cost of Ownership Forecast: Current Vehicles vs. Electric Vehicle
Current Vehicle Potential EV
TCO ($)
Electric vehicle had lower total cost of ownership
11 times out of 25 duty cycles examined
Financial Savings:
GHG Emissions Reductions:
Fuel Reductions:
16%
64%
67%
$233,559
45,282 gallons
524 tons CO2
Avg. savings/vehicle changed:
$21,232
($252/month / 7-year life-cycle)
Duty cycles suitable for EV:
44%
Fleet EV Assessment Impact

We’re Seeing 2 Major EV Challenges
1. Low Utilization
(BEVs)
2. Plugging-In
(PHEVs)

0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200
%ofFleetBEVs
Daily Distance Travelled
Average distance for BEV fleet vehicles:
22 miles/day
(~36 km / day)
% of vehicles with < 40 miles per day:
70%
Sample size = 3,488
6 12 19 25 31 37 43 50 56 62 68 75 81 87 93 99 106 112 118 124 miles
km
Challenge 1: Low BEV Utilization

Maximizing Electric Vehicle Miles Traveled
Average Ending SOC: 31%
Avg. Daily Distance: 92 miles
LOW UTILIZATION
HIGHER UTILIZATION
HIGH UTILIZATION + OPPORTUNITY CHARGING

Before plug-in
compliance
tracking
After plug-in
compliance
tracking
Electric driving = 16%
Electric driving = 73%
Challenge 2: PHEVs Not… Plugging In

Energy Cost:
Electric Driving:
Payback Period:
$8.30 per
100 miles
16% of the time
4.1 years
Energy Cost:
Electric Driving:
Payback Period:
$4.20 per
100 miles
73% of the time
2.6 years
Without Management of PHEV Metrics With PHEV Metric Management
Fleets that monitor their PHEVs are able to see a return on investment in a number of ways including
ensuring that vehicles are being plugged-in and maximizing the electric vehicle miles travelled as a
proportion of total miles.
Savings from Plug-in Compliance Reporting

Understand Where EVs are Charging and their SOC

EV Motor Pool & Dispatch

EV Fleet Management Features

Utilities Moving Towards TOU Pricing
For consumers/fleets, it offers the opportunity to save money simply by shifting consumption to off-peak
hours.
For utilities, it means avoiding costly infrastructure upgrades required to support peak demand.
For the environment, it means diminishing the use of dirty “peaker” power plants (currently only used a few
days a year), and integrating more solar and wind-sourced electricity into the grid.

0
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3500
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Power(kW)
Time of Day
Charging Behaviours and Time of Use Rates
Only 27% of fleet charging events occurred ‘off-peak’
Off-PeakMid-PeakOn-Peak
Sample size = 2,653
TOU Charging Behavior

Sample Ford Fusion Energi Charging Behavior

0
50
100
150
200
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350
400
450
3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
#ofoccurrences
Available Time to Charge (hours)
Sample size = 3,703
15 hours
Average Charging Time for Fleet EVs

3 Methods of EV Charging
Now!
Now!
Now!
Dumb Charging Scheduled Charging Smart Charging
Charging begins as soon as you
plug in
Charging is delayed until a preset
start time
(i.e. low time-of-use rates)
Charging may begin immediately
but can be reduced/delayed based
upon external factors.
Partial control may be given to 3rd
party (i.e. facility operator or utility)
Charging cost per vehicle per month
$38 $29 $15
Comparable gasoline cost per vehicle per month
$137 $137 $137

API
(2) EV driver sets preferences to participate
EVSP Partner
API
EV
charging
station
(1) Fleet sets EV load curtailment thresholds
Smart Charging System for Fleets

EV Control Through a Back-End

Recap
1. Fleets are turning to data to make smarter procurement decisions.
2. By monitoring, understanding, and optimizing your EVs’ usage
patterns, you can drastically improve ROI.
3. Automated smart charging systems make it easy to shift charging off-
peak and reduce costs.

Webinar Bonus
• 15 minute call with Mark to chat EVs
• Chat about whatever you want to chat about
• No agenda, no sales pitch 
• Just vote “Yes” in the poll

An End-to-End EV Solution

Mark Goody
Manager, Electric Vehicle Programs
FleetCarma
mgoody@fleetcarma.com
www.fleetcarma.com
1-800-975-2434
150+ clients across 23 countries world-wide
Thank you for your time!

Maximizing the ROI of Fleet Electrification

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