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1. MALINGERING
(SHAMMING)
of
FEIGNED DISEASES
PRESENTED BY
REVANTH KUMAR D
3RD PROFESSIONAL BAMS

2. contents
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION
REASONS
RECENT UPDATES
MEDICOLEGAL IMPORTANCE
DISEASES FEIGNED
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
DIAGNOSIS
DEGREES OF MALINGERING
EXAMPLES

3. Malingering of feigned
diseases
Definition
“It is a conscious planned feigning or
pretending to having a disease in
order to achieve a specific goal or for
the sake of gain”.

4. 02
By soldiers or
policemen to evade
their duties
03
06
04
01
REASONS
01
04
Malingering of feigned
diseases
By prisoners to avoid
hard work
By businessmen to avoid
business contracts By beggars to attract
public sympathy
By workmen to claim
compensation
By criminals to avoid
legal responsibility

5. Feigning a
disease or
disability
when i
does not
exist to any
extent
Pure malingering
Consciously
exaggerating
symptoms
that really
exist
Partial Malingering
Ascribing actual
symptoms to a
cause
Conciously
understood to
have no relation
to the
symptoms
False Imputation
03 Malingering of feigned
diseases
Degrees of
Malingering

6. Malingering of feigned
diseases
Diseases feigned
 Ophthalmia
 Neurasthenia
 Dyspepsia
 Aphasia
 Intestinal colic
 Sciatica
 Diabetes,
 Vertigo
 Spitting of blood
 Epilepsy
 Ulcers
 Insanity
 Burns
 Paralysis of limbs
 Rheumatism
 Artificial bruise
 Lumbago, etc.

8. Malingering of feigned
diseases Diagnosis
• The history of the case should be take from the person himself,
and his relatives or friend and any inconsistencies in his
description of the symptoms noted.
• Usually, the signs and symptoms do not conform to any known
disease.
• Malingering can be diagnosed by keeping the patient under
observation and watching him without his knowledge.
• A complete examination is essential after removing the
bandages if any, and washing the part.

9.  Patients can distort or exaggerate their symptoms, but true
simulation is very rare.
 most common motives are seeking hospitalization, obtaining
food/shelter , medications,avoiance of prosecution
 Does individual have foreseeable motive or believe would gain
from illness?
Malingering of feigned
diseases

10. Malingering of feigned
diseases Examples
(1) The patient may injure his nasopharynx with a sharp
instrument, swallow the blood and regurgitate it in front of the
doctor to mimic haematemesis.
(2) A skilful puncturing of the anal or vaginal mucosa, may
produce bleeding.
(3) Excessive intake of digitalis may simulate a heart condition.
(4) Eating of large amount of carrot will produce
carotinaemia and may simulate jaundice.
(5) ingestion of coumarin will induce a haemorrhagic diathesis.
In many cases detection is easy, but in some cases it is difficult

11. Malingering of feigned
diseases
Medico-legal
importance
If a patient gets a medical certificate by narrating false
symptoms and uses for any purpose, he may be sued
under Sec. 198 IPC for false evidence (punishment is 7
years and fine under Sec. 193 IPC)
or sued for cheating under Sec. 415 IPC (punishment is
1 year and/or fine under Sec. 417 IPC).

12. Malingering of feigned
diseases REFERENCES
• Gautam biswas ,Review of FORENSIC MEDICINE TOXICOLOGY ,Ethical and
social aspects of medical Practice , Jaypee medical publishers ,2021 ,
pg 48
• Dr.K S Narayan Reddy , The Essentials of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
,Medical law and ethics , Jaypee medical publishers,2017 ,PG 53-54

13. Malingering of feigned
diseases conclusions
Malingering must be considered in all Forensic evaluations
Injustice if Falsely diagnosed, serious consequence if not
diagnosed
Malingered disorders differ in presentation from actual illness
therefore know actual phenomenology of disorders
“If you tell the truth you don’t have to remember anything”-
Mark twain

14. THANK YOU!
GUIDED BY
Dr. ADARSH SG
Professor and HOD ,
Dept of Agada Tantra