This technical report documents the student industrial work experience scheme (SIWES) undertaken at Olutayo Hospital, detailing appreciation for support and a brief history of the hospital. It describes essential laboratory equipment, safe working practices, and microbiological tests performed, emphasizing procedures for malaria parasite detection using blood films. The report concludes with recommendations for improving student placements and laboratory conditions in Nigeria.

1. A TECHNICAL REPORT ON STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME
(SIWES)
UNDERTAKEN AT
OLUTAYO HOSPITAL OPPOSITE OKE ANDI JUNCTION, SANGO AREA , ILORIN
KWARA STATE.
SUBMITTED TO
THE SIWES COORDINATOR DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY FACULTY OF
SCIENCE
KWARA STATE UNIVERSITY, MALETE, NIGERIA
BY
ALABI IBRAHIM SOGO
20D/57MB/01473
COURSE CODE: MCB 310
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE AWARD OF A BACHELOR OF SCIENCE
DEGREE (B.SC) IN MICROBIOLOGY
KWARA STATE UNIVERSITY, MALETE, NIGERIA
NOVEMBER,2022

2. DEDICATED
The ALMIGHTY ALLAH for his grace upon my life and also
my mom, brother, sister, my friends and big daddy for
being mine.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would want to genuinely appreciate my mummy for her
persistence on my behalf, patience, love and financial support.
I also would want appreciate my brother, sister and my friends
for being just the best. Sincere thanks to Mr. Isiaaq for his love
and support.
A big thank you to the organizers of this SIWES program, it
was indeed an educating program. I would also like to thank
the scientists at Standard Medical Diagnostics Laboratory for
their patience in answering our questions and also for giving
necessary explanations when due and my classmates and
friends with whom I underwent this SIWES program.
Thanks to Almighty Allah for making all this possible, I am very
grateful

4. BRIEF HISTORY OF OLUTAYO MEDICAL
LABORATORY
OLUTAYO HOSPITAL was founded in year
2002 which is own by Dr. Joseph Adegbite
Adeyemo J.A
With the aim to provide solution to the
inadequate health issue in the country.
Although it’s a private institution, the
organization is recognized by the government
as it is registered. There are several
departments ranging from the managing
director, consulting room.etc.

5. 1. THE LIGHT MICROSCOPE
The microscope employs a hollow, extremely intense cone of light concentrated on the specimen. The field of view of the objective lens lies in the hollow,
dark portion of the cone and picks up only scattered light from the object. The clear portions of the specimen appear as a dark background, and the minute
objects under study glow brightly against the dark field.
2. AUTOCLAVE
The autoclave is effective equipment used for steam sterilization at pressures above the atmospheric pressure. Thus, it is possible to steam at higher
temperature then the boiling point, which a lot of microorganisms cannot withstand. Autoclaving is the most effective method for sterilizing culture media.
3. REFRIGERATOR
This is used to preserve samples, reagents etc, which are used for daily analysis and cannot be exhausted at once. The refrigerator helps provide optimum
environment for materials to be preserved.
4. INCUBATOR
The incubator is mainly used to incubate culture media as microbes have different optimum temperatures for growth and reproduction. The temperature of an
incubator can be set to the preferred temperatures.
5. WATER
This is required to incubate bottle of culture media, liquids in flasks or other large Containers, and when incubating samples in the test tube racks.
6. WEIGHING BALANCE
This is a delicate instrument used for weighing essential, reagent, stains and culture
media that requires adequate weighing.
7. GLASS SLIDES
Used for preparation of slides for microscopy. Sterilization is by flooding with alcohol and flaming off excess alcohol.
8. COVER SLIPS
This is use for covering wet smears of preparations. It is sterilized by flooding with alcohol and flaming off excess alcohol.
9. PETRI DISH
Used for the preparation of culture media. It is usually bought sterilized. The disposable type cannot used a second time while the glass ware type can be
reused be usually sterilized by autoclaving.
10. FORCEPS
A pair of forceps is a metallic object used for handing hot object or contaminated materials. It is sterilized by flaming red hot.
11. Others include:
Other Laboratory equipments include includes sterilized slide, Giemsa Stain, needle, syringe, ethanol, sterilized bottle, agar (MacConkey or Chocolate), Gram
positive, Gram negative sensitivity kit , cotton wool, EDTA, microscope, oil immersion, ethanol, sterilized slides, swab sticks, cotton wool, spirit, giemsa
stain, lancets, surgical blades, oil immersion, pipette, light microscope, hot plate (dryer), centrifuge, hand gloves, microhaematocrit centrifuge, capillary tubes
for measuring PCV, sealant, microhaematocrit reader, anaerobic jar, test tubes, bottles, water bath, weighing balance, microscope, pipette, beakers, bio safety
cabinet, cotton
LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS

6. SAFE WORKING PRACTICES
IN A MEDICAL LABORATORY
1. Never mouth-pipette. Use safe measuring and dispensing devices.
2. Do not eat, drink, smoke, store food, or apply cosmetics in the working area of the laboratory.
3. Use an aseptic technique when handling specimens and cultures.
4. Always wash your hands after handling an infectious material in the laboratory, when leaving the
laboratory and before attending to patients. Cover any open wound with a water proof dressing.
5. Wear appropriate protective clothing when working in the laboratory. Ensure it is decontaminated
and laundered correctly.
6. Wear protective gloves and when indicated a face mask, for all procedures involving direct
contact with infectious materials. When wearing gloves, the hands should be washed with the
gloves on, particularly before doing ant clerical work.
7. Centrifuge safely to avoid creating aerosols. Know what to do should a breakage occur when
centrifuging.
8. Avoid practices which could result in needle stick injury.
9. Do not use chipped or cracked glassware and always deal with a breakage immediately and
safely.
10. Avoid spillages by using racks to hold containers, work neatly and keep the bench surface free of
any unnecessary materials.

7. MICROBIOLOGY
LABORATORY
In this laboratory the following tests are carried out
1 Urine Analysis, MCS
2 Malaria Parasite Test
3 Stool Microscopy
4 Semen Analysis
5 Blood Microfilaria
6 Packed cell volume
7 Widal Test

8. MALARIA PARASITE TEST (MP
TEST)
MATERIALS
 COVER SLIDE
 SLIDE
 MICROSCOPE
 GIEMSA STAINING
 OIL IMMERSION
 WATER
 FORCEPS
 HAND GLOVE
Some parasites that could be detected in the blood are: Plasmodia, Trypanosomes, Leishmania, filarial worms.
SPECIMEN- A one meter in blood diameter of the blood film of the patient.
Specific identification of parasites requires a permanent stain. For permanent staining, two types of blood films can
be prepared. Thick films allow a larger volume of blood to be examined, thus making it easier to detect light
infections with fewer parasites, while species identification is difficult. Thin films are necessary to see the
morphological characteristics of the parasites and to identify them.
PROCEDURES
PRECAUTION: It is necessary for one to be very careful while collecting and preparing blood samples. A number of
parasitological, bacterial and viral diseases can be transmitted through blood. Blood film should be prepared
preferably within one hour of collection.
The time of collection should be mentioned on the specimen as well as on the result sheet and also the laboratory
number for correlation.
It is preferable to prepare blood films with fresh blood without anticoagulant. If it is notpossible, blood pant
coagulated with EDTA (10mg/5ml) should be used.

9. Step1
An absolutely clean, grease-free slide, well-washed slide cleaned with 70% ethanol is recommended. The
slide is labeled with the patient’s laboratory number and date .
Step 2
Swab the top of the patient’s third finger or thumb with cotton wool soaked with ethylated spirit to disinfect and clean
the possible micro organisms present on the surface
of the skin.
Step 3
Prick the point cleaned with a sterilized lancet and discard immediately.
Step 4
Apply pressure on the lower side of the top with your own hand so the blood would be able to come out in few trickles
as a drop or two will be placed on either sides of the slide since the laboratory number labeled on the slide will
be in the middle.
Step 5
You prepare a thick blood film for the malaria parasite test. To make a thick blood film, place two or three small drops
of fresh blood without anticoagulant on a clean slide with a sterilized end of another slide. Mix the drops in a
circular motion over an area about two centimeters in diameter, (continue mixing for about thirty seconds to
prevent formation of fibrin strands that may obscure the parasites after staining, if anti- coagulated blood is
used, it is not necessary to continue mixing for thirty seconds).
Step 6
Allow the film to dry in air at room temperature on a to fix the film.
Step 7
After drying, the slide is placed directly into an aqueous stain called Giemsa stain to make the thick blood film to lyses
the red blood cells and to remove hemoglobin so that the parasites can be easily detected
GIEMSA STAINING TECHNIQUE
Giemsa stain is a Romanaosky that requires dilution in buffered water or buffered saline before use.
Giemsa stain (stock solution) Giemsa stain powder 0.6g
Methanol, absolute (acetone-free) 50ml Glycerol 50ml
Dissolve the Giemsa stain in methanol in a brown bottle containing a few glass beads.

10. TROPHOZOITE OF MALARIAL PARASITE AS
VIEWED UNDER THE LIGHT MICROSCOPE.
Trophozoite is the growing form of the parasite in the peripheral blood of man after the
invasion of the red blood cells by merozites. When the mature schizonts rupture the
merozites penetrate the red blood cells and develop into trophozoites.
Immature trophozoites are concave disc appearing as ring forms in stained preparation. It
consists of;
A rod-shaped nucleus (chromatin dot) stained red.
A peripheral rim of cytoplasm that stains blue and
An unstained clear area or vacuole in the centre that pushes the chromatin dot to the periphery
of the cytoplasm.
Three stages of the asexual life cycle occur in man, namely the trophozoites, schizont and the
gametocytes.
The parasites reside in the peripheral red blood cells. Each species is identified on two basic
parameters.
Appearance of the infected red blood cells.
Appearance of the parasite.
Results: Malaria Parasite
Chromatin of parasite: Dark red Cytoplasm of parasite: Blue Schuffner’s clots: Red

11. RECOMMENDATIONS
I propose that more time should be given to the students of microbiology for SIWES
activities
I recommend that government should provide placements for students undergoing
SIWES in the several fields of Nigerian Economy.
I recommend that more preference should be given to the power sector so as to
provide adequate light to various Medical laboratories in the country.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion this program has enabled students to gain a lot and many can now
practice the applied aspects of their various disciplines and other related areas
on their own. The program has really being.
REFERENCES
My industrial attachment experience at Standard Medical Diagnostic Laboratory
Textbooks
District laboratory practice in tropical countries (part 2) by Monica Cheesbrough
www.google.com