Machu Picchu was colonized in the 15th century by populations from the Andean regions seeking to expand agricultural land. Archaeological evidence shows agriculture in the region dates back to at least 760 AD. Between 900-1400 AD, an unidentified group not documented historically populated the area, likely linked to the Ayarmaca ethnicity. The agricultural areas expanded considerably during this period. However, Machu Picchu itself shows no signs of buildings before the 15th century when the Incas developed it.

2. Clough Picchu, located halfway between the Andes and the Amazon
forest , was colonized by Andean region , not forested , populations from
regions of Vilcabamba and the Sacred Valley, Cusco , seeking an
expansion of its borders agricultural . Archeological evidence indicates
that agriculture is practiced in the region since at least 760 . C.16 A
population explosion occurs from the Middle Horizon period , from the
year 900 AD , by groups not historically documented but who were
possibly linked to ethnicity Tampu Urubamba. It is believed that these
people could have been part of the federation Ayarmaca , rivals of the
Incas first Cuzco.17 In that period the agricultural area " built "
(platforms ) expands considerably . However, the specific location of the
city in question ( the rocky ridge mountains linking Machu Picchu and
Huayna Picchu ) shows no signs of having had buildings before the
fifteenth century.

3. View from north to south , from the summit of Huayna Picchu.
The zigzag to the left is the road to the ruins, which part of the
train station of Puente Ruinas , deep valley . At the top , crossing
the hillside Machu Picchu , you can see the last part of the Inca
Trail .
The entire archaeological site is built on the Vilcabamba Batholith
, composed of intrusive rocks dating back about 250 million years ,
instrusivos Permo - Triásicos14 mainly to off- white granite , cut by
veins of tonalite and some talcesquistos . The granite massif is cut
by a series of faults and joints play an important role in shaping
the current profile and its evolution. The Geologic Map of
Quadrangle Machu Picchu (27- q ) of the Geological Mining and
Metallurgy of Peru two major flaws regional Rumbo intersecting
the area , called Fallas Huayna Picchu and Machu Picchu, NE- SW
orientation are observed. These failures have had recent activity

4. The weather is hot and humid during the day and cool at night.
The temperature ranges between 12 and 24 degrees Celsius. The
area is very wet (about 1,955 mm a year) rule, especially
between November and March. The rains, which are heavy,
rapidly alternating with moments of intense sunshine