Lumbar discectomy device Concorde Clear
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Lumbar disc cleaning with Concorde Clear Save, helpful, fast and effective new device Transforaminal interbody lumbar fusion L5S1 for recurrent disc hernia TLIF
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LAMINOPLASTIE CERVICALE GLEM Commission rachis
GLEM Juin 2024
Commission rachis
Présentation sur les laminoplasties cervicales
Expérience personnelle
La chirurgie des tumeurs cérébrales: matinée scientifique CHwapi Tournai 25 m...
Dans le cadre du mois international de sensibilisation des tumeurs cérébrales de Gris en Mai 2024, la Consultation d'Oncologie Multidisciplinaire de Neuro du CHwapi a organisé trois évènements: un conférence tout public à l'Hôtel de Ville de Tournai le 13 mai , une journée de sensibilisation dans le hall de l'hôpital site Union le 22 mai et une matinée scientifique pour les professionnels le 25 mai.
Il s'agit de la partie chirurgicale du traitement des tumeurs cérébrales
GLEM Neurochirurgie Namur
Présentation actualisée de la situation au 01 juin 2023 du registre belge spine version 2.0
Nouvelle nomenclature INAMI en Spine.
Contraintes administratives et perte de l'intérêt scientifique du 1er registre.
Spine Unit Lombalgies et Radiculalgies des Guidelines à la pratique
Matinée scientifique du CHWapi
Invitée Dr P Jonckheer: trajet de soins national KCE
Prise en charge aux urgences, Place de la Médecine Physique, Place du kinésithérapeute, Place de la Pain clinic, Place de la Radiologie, Place de la chirurgie et Spine Unit mode d'emploi.
Présentation par différentes disciplines de la Spine Unit du CHwapi.
eXLIF or DLIF about 20 consecutive cases whit Ursus cages by Syntropiq
XLIF or DLIF about 20 consecutive cases whit Ursus cages by Syntropiq.
Arosa NSpine winter meeting.
The advantage of anterior and lateral approach is reviewed. The main problem remains the lumbar plexus.
The knowledge of bone fusion is important to this kind of surgery.
The dynamic contact surface in Ursus cage promotes bone fusion by mechanical stimulation.
Preliminary study about 20 consecutive cases.
Nouvelle Nomenclature en Chirurgie du Rachis en date du 1er septembre 2022
Présentation pour du GLEM de Neurochirurgie du 6 octobre 2022 à l'Hôpital Marie Curie Charleroi
Depuis le 1er septembre 2022 une nouvelle nomenclature en chirurgie du rachis est entrée en application.
De nouvelles règles ont été établies pour les consultations de la Spine Unit à l'image des consultations multidisciplinaires d'oncologie.
Les implications du nouvel arrêté sont analysé par un praticien de terrain coordinateur chirurgical de la Spine Unit du CHwapi Tournai Belgium
The value of dynamic MRI in cervical spondylotic myelopathy: About 24 cases.T...
Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine is extremely useful in assessing
pathological changes at the spinal cord, vertebrae, discs, ligaments and facet joints. we attempted to
document the radiological changes that the cervical spine undergoes during dynamic maneuvers and the
effects of Dynamic MRI in management of cervical myelopathy, emphasizing on the changes in treatment
protocol effected by the new findings discovered. Our work is based on 24 consecutive patients with
cervical spondylotic myelopathy had cervical MR imaging in neutral position, in flexion and extension of
the cervical spine between January 2021 and December 2021. The result found the mean age was 57.9
years (range 26-85 years). Among these 24 patients, there were 11 males and 13 females. Total number of
levels of compression were 47 and the additional levels of involvement were 17. Additional levels of
compression were noted in 12 patients, among these 17 new levels, 7 were in the posterior and 10 in the
anterior. The most affected level was C5C6 with 16 cases. All additional levels of compression were noted
in extension; Reduction of the cervical canal was observed in 20 patients only in extension. In the bending
sequences we have noticed an increase of the canal diameter in 3 patients. The location of the
compression is in 15 cases anterior, 2 cases posterior and 5 cases are mixed anterior and posterior
Surgery was considered in 17 patients. Anterior procedures were 11 (ACDF/ corpectomy and fusion) and
Posterior surgeries were 6 (laminoplasty/laminectomy), and. The rest of the patients did not require
surgery and was conservatively treated. A change of the signal was found in 3 patients during the
acquisition in extension position a. Most studies have shown a reduction of the root canal with an increase
of the compression level, which was the case in our study. MRI is a useful tool for diagnosis of CM, it does
not give an exact idea as to which is the offending level in a multilevel compression that requires surgery.
Even the approach and procedure cannot be decided on a static examination and hence are subject to
significant interpractitioner the role of extension MRI in determining cervical compression levels. Thus,
dynamic cervical spine MRI should be an important investigation before we decide to write off surgical
treatment in patients with cervical myelopathy and cord signal changes without definitive compression on
static MRI. Flexion and extension MRI is an important tool for decision making and planning appropriate
management in cervical compressive myelopathy.
The Utility of the CADISS® System in the Dissection of Epidural Fibrosis in ...
Spine surgery and spinal fusion surgery are rising. Revision rates following initial surgery are between 8
and 45%. Epidural fibrosis is a common response to spine surgery for most patients and increases
complications in revision surgery. Previous research suggests using MESNA (Sodium 2-mercaptoethane
sulfonate) in combination with mechanical blunt dissection safely reduces surgical complications. MESNA is
a mucolytic agent which selectively cleaves disulphide bonds involved in the adherence and strength of
fibrosis, meaning cutting instruments are not needed. The Chemically Assisted DISSection (CADISS®)
System is an optimised non-cutting surgical device, consisting of a reconstitution cartridge for MESNA
preparation, irrigated surgical instruments, and a footswitch to control MESNA release. This is the first study
to investigate the use of the CADISS® System in revision spine surgery.
Recommended
LAMINOPLASTIE CERVICALE GLEM Commission rachis
GLEM Juin 2024
Commission rachis
Présentation sur les laminoplasties cervicales
Expérience personnelle
La chirurgie des tumeurs cérébrales: matinée scientifique CHwapi Tournai 25 m...
Dans le cadre du mois international de sensibilisation des tumeurs cérébrales de Gris en Mai 2024, la Consultation d'Oncologie Multidisciplinaire de Neuro du CHwapi a organisé trois évènements: un conférence tout public à l'Hôtel de Ville de Tournai le 13 mai , une journée de sensibilisation dans le hall de l'hôpital site Union le 22 mai et une matinée scientifique pour les professionnels le 25 mai.
Il s'agit de la partie chirurgicale du traitement des tumeurs cérébrales
GLEM Neurochirurgie Namur
Présentation actualisée de la situation au 01 juin 2023 du registre belge spine version 2.0
Nouvelle nomenclature INAMI en Spine.
Contraintes administratives et perte de l'intérêt scientifique du 1er registre.
Spine Unit Lombalgies et Radiculalgies des Guidelines à la pratique
Matinée scientifique du CHWapi
Invitée Dr P Jonckheer: trajet de soins national KCE
Prise en charge aux urgences, Place de la Médecine Physique, Place du kinésithérapeute, Place de la Pain clinic, Place de la Radiologie, Place de la chirurgie et Spine Unit mode d'emploi.
Présentation par différentes disciplines de la Spine Unit du CHwapi.
eXLIF or DLIF about 20 consecutive cases whit Ursus cages by Syntropiq
XLIF or DLIF about 20 consecutive cases whit Ursus cages by Syntropiq.
Arosa NSpine winter meeting.
The advantage of anterior and lateral approach is reviewed. The main problem remains the lumbar plexus.
The knowledge of bone fusion is important to this kind of surgery.
The dynamic contact surface in Ursus cage promotes bone fusion by mechanical stimulation.
Preliminary study about 20 consecutive cases.
Nouvelle Nomenclature en Chirurgie du Rachis en date du 1er septembre 2022
Présentation pour du GLEM de Neurochirurgie du 6 octobre 2022 à l'Hôpital Marie Curie Charleroi
Depuis le 1er septembre 2022 une nouvelle nomenclature en chirurgie du rachis est entrée en application.
De nouvelles règles ont été établies pour les consultations de la Spine Unit à l'image des consultations multidisciplinaires d'oncologie.
Les implications du nouvel arrêté sont analysé par un praticien de terrain coordinateur chirurgical de la Spine Unit du CHwapi Tournai Belgium
The value of dynamic MRI in cervical spondylotic myelopathy: About 24 cases.T...
Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine is extremely useful in assessing
pathological changes at the spinal cord, vertebrae, discs, ligaments and facet joints. we attempted to
document the radiological changes that the cervical spine undergoes during dynamic maneuvers and the
effects of Dynamic MRI in management of cervical myelopathy, emphasizing on the changes in treatment
protocol effected by the new findings discovered. Our work is based on 24 consecutive patients with
cervical spondylotic myelopathy had cervical MR imaging in neutral position, in flexion and extension of
the cervical spine between January 2021 and December 2021. The result found the mean age was 57.9
years (range 26-85 years). Among these 24 patients, there were 11 males and 13 females. Total number of
levels of compression were 47 and the additional levels of involvement were 17. Additional levels of
compression were noted in 12 patients, among these 17 new levels, 7 were in the posterior and 10 in the
anterior. The most affected level was C5C6 with 16 cases. All additional levels of compression were noted
in extension; Reduction of the cervical canal was observed in 20 patients only in extension. In the bending
sequences we have noticed an increase of the canal diameter in 3 patients. The location of the
compression is in 15 cases anterior, 2 cases posterior and 5 cases are mixed anterior and posterior
Surgery was considered in 17 patients. Anterior procedures were 11 (ACDF/ corpectomy and fusion) and
Posterior surgeries were 6 (laminoplasty/laminectomy), and. The rest of the patients did not require
surgery and was conservatively treated. A change of the signal was found in 3 patients during the
acquisition in extension position a. Most studies have shown a reduction of the root canal with an increase
of the compression level, which was the case in our study. MRI is a useful tool for diagnosis of CM, it does
not give an exact idea as to which is the offending level in a multilevel compression that requires surgery.
Even the approach and procedure cannot be decided on a static examination and hence are subject to
significant interpractitioner the role of extension MRI in determining cervical compression levels. Thus,
dynamic cervical spine MRI should be an important investigation before we decide to write off surgical
treatment in patients with cervical myelopathy and cord signal changes without definitive compression on
static MRI. Flexion and extension MRI is an important tool for decision making and planning appropriate
management in cervical compressive myelopathy.
The Utility of the CADISS® System in the Dissection of Epidural Fibrosis in ...
Spine surgery and spinal fusion surgery are rising. Revision rates following initial surgery are between 8
and 45%. Epidural fibrosis is a common response to spine surgery for most patients and increases
complications in revision surgery. Previous research suggests using MESNA (Sodium 2-mercaptoethane
sulfonate) in combination with mechanical blunt dissection safely reduces surgical complications. MESNA is
a mucolytic agent which selectively cleaves disulphide bonds involved in the adherence and strength of
fibrosis, meaning cutting instruments are not needed. The Chemically Assisted DISSection (CADISS®)
System is an optimised non-cutting surgical device, consisting of a reconstitution cartridge for MESNA
preparation, irrigated surgical instruments, and a footswitch to control MESNA release. This is the first study
to investigate the use of the CADISS® System in revision spine surgery.
Reversible hearing loss after 3D video-assisted marsupialization of several ...
Case report
Very few pediatric cases of arachnoid cyst of ponto-cerebellar angle are desribed in the literature. Only 4 are
described with hearing loss. It is a pathology which poses especially a problem of early diagnosis. In this paper
we describe the management of a 16-year-old patient with an arachnoid cyst of the cerebellopontine angle with
an isolated auditory deficit that was treated surgically. The follow up was marked by a Full recovery of hearing
after surgical treatment. Arachnoid cyst of the cerebellopontine angle is rare in the pediatric population, early
surgical management help to increase the chances of recovery.
Obstruction of ventriculoperitoneal shunt by air bubble
Neurosurgery case report
Obstruction of ventriculoperitoneal shunt
This case illustrates the management of this rare situation causing air bubble shunt obstruction.
IRM dynamique dans la myéolopathie cervico arthrosique
Communication du Dr Marouane Makhchoune felow du service de neurochirurgie FOSFOM au CHWapi Tournai Belgium lors du congrès de la SFCR Nice 2022.
Etude radiologique sur l'intérêt de réaliser des épreuves dynamiques en flexion - extension lors d'une IRM cervicale. Modification dans la stratégie chirurgicale: confirmation d'une absence d'indication chirurgicale ou modification de la voie d'abord postérieure versus antérieure.
Objet du mémoire en vue de l'obtention d'un DU Paris Bicètre sur les pathologies de la moelle épinière.
Epidural Fibrosis GLEM Neurochirurgie ULB Erasme CHU C SPO CHwapi
A new aid for revision spine surgery with more selective dissection.
Our experience more than10 cases: ideal case to start and bad case with limitation of the system
Additional direct cost of ADTs
Cadiss Webinar 15 dec 2021
Webinar Auxin 15.12.2021 A new aid for revision spine surgery with more selective dissection.
Our experience more than10 cases: ideal case to start and bad case with limitation of the system
Additional direct cost of ADTs
A new aid for spinal revision surgery: the Cadiss°
EuroSpine 2021 Vienna The Cadiss a new aid for spinal revision surgery with more selective dissection of the epidural fibrosis
Direct Tubular Exo sequestromy for Far Lateral Disc Hernia
Application of the Orbeye Exoscope for direct tubular sequestromy for far lateral disc hernie.
Minimal Invasive Surgery
Spine Unit CHwapi 7500 Tournai Belgium
Orbeye Exoscope qui permet la Microchirurgie sans microscope.
Présentation à la presse du nouveau exoscope Orbeye par le CHwapi service de neurochirurgie.
Introduction Dr M Triffaux
Ce qui change pour l'équipe Mme S Fourez
L'Orbeye en chirurgie du rachis MIS Dr A Bouras
L'Orbeye en chirurgie intracrânienne Dr S Lonneville
Microchirurgie 3D 4K sans microscope: Orbeye Exoscope
Présentation au Comité de Gestion CHwapi mai 2021
Renouvellement du microscope en neurochirurgie
Alternative au microscope opératoire conventionnel pour la microchirurgie
Techniques d'Antalgie par Cathéter en soins continus
Présentation par les Drs V Brouillard et M Triffaux
Année 2015
Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation et de Neurochirurgie
Apport de la radiologie à la chirurgie du rachis: une question d'équilibre
Groupe Local d'Evaluation Médicale de Radiologie Tournai
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Réunion par la Spine Unit du CHwapi par les Drs M Triffaux et M Petit
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Cours IESPP Pathologies Chirurgicales
Infirmières Hospitalières 2ème année
Nouvelle édition 2019 2020 revue et augmentée
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Microsurgery without eyepieces 3D screen heads-up position
Microsurgery without microscope. In summer 2019, in the neurosurgery department of the CHwapi Tournai Belgium
we had the chance to test three different systems of microscope without eyepieces: Kinévo 900 (Zeiss), Orbeye (Olympus) and Digital Surgery Microscope (BBraun Aesculap).
Spine Unit CHwapi Tournai
Présentation de la Spine Unit du CHwapi Tournai à la Société Médicale du Tournaisis le 19 semptembre 2019.
Lombalgies Radiculalgies du KCE à la Spine Unit
Dr P Jooncker KCE, Dr A Poulain Med Phys, Dr M Triffaux Neurochirurgie, Dr D Lamblin Pain Clinic et Dr M Petit Chir. Orthopédique
Digital Surgical Microscope Aesculap
Operate in a heads-up manner: a new way of microscopy
Nouveau test au CHwapi de microchirurgie sans occulaire en regardant un écran 3D
Surgical Microscope Orbey Olympus en Neurochirurgie
Test de 4 semaines au sein du service de neurochirurgie du CHWAPI à Tournai Belgique
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Images et commentaires
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Conférence Santé de la ville de Tournai du 2 octobre 2018 à l'occasion du 25ème anniversaire du Service de Neurochirurgie de Tournai. Description de son passé avec un hommage à son fondateur le Dr G Lozes, du présent et de l'avenir du service.
Orateurs Dr S Lonneville, Dr A Bouras et Dr M Triffaux
Outpatient Minimally Invasive Lumbar Interbody Fusion DLIF X Jaws
Outpatient Minimally Invasive Lumbar Interbody Fusion DLIF X Jaws Médicréa
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Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapy
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
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Very few pediatric cases of arachnoid cyst of ponto-cerebellar angle are desribed in the literature. Only 4 are
described with hearing loss. It is a pathology which poses especially a problem of early diagnosis. In this paper
we describe the management of a 16-year-old patient with an arachnoid cyst of the cerebellopontine angle with
an isolated auditory deficit that was treated surgically. The follow up was marked by a Full recovery of hearing
after surgical treatment. Arachnoid cyst of the cerebellopontine angle is rare in the pediatric population, early
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Obstruction of ventriculoperitoneal shunt by air bubble
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Etude radiologique sur l'intérêt de réaliser des épreuves dynamiques en flexion - extension lors d'une IRM cervicale. Modification dans la stratégie chirurgicale: confirmation d'une absence d'indication chirurgicale ou modification de la voie d'abord postérieure versus antérieure.
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A new aid for revision spine surgery with more selective dissection.
Our experience more than10 cases: ideal case to start and bad case with limitation of the system
Additional direct cost of ADTs
Cadiss Webinar 15 dec 2021
Webinar Auxin 15.12.2021 A new aid for revision spine surgery with more selective dissection.
Our experience more than10 cases: ideal case to start and bad case with limitation of the system
Additional direct cost of ADTs
A new aid for spinal revision surgery: the Cadiss°
EuroSpine 2021 Vienna The Cadiss a new aid for spinal revision surgery with more selective dissection of the epidural fibrosis
Direct Tubular Exo sequestromy for Far Lateral Disc Hernia
Application of the Orbeye Exoscope for direct tubular sequestromy for far lateral disc hernie.
Minimal Invasive Surgery
Spine Unit CHwapi 7500 Tournai Belgium
Orbeye Exoscope qui permet la Microchirurgie sans microscope.
Présentation à la presse du nouveau exoscope Orbeye par le CHwapi service de neurochirurgie.
Introduction Dr M Triffaux
Ce qui change pour l'équipe Mme S Fourez
L'Orbeye en chirurgie du rachis MIS Dr A Bouras
L'Orbeye en chirurgie intracrânienne Dr S Lonneville
Microchirurgie 3D 4K sans microscope: Orbeye Exoscope
Présentation au Comité de Gestion CHwapi mai 2021
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Alternative au microscope opératoire conventionnel pour la microchirurgie
Techniques d'Antalgie par Cathéter en soins continus
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Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation et de Neurochirurgie
Apport de la radiologie à la chirurgie du rachis: une question d'équilibre
Groupe Local d'Evaluation Médicale de Radiologie Tournai
Novembre 2019
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La peau
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Infirmières Hospitalières 2ème année
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La peau: description rôles et fonctions
Microsurgery without eyepieces 3D screen heads-up position
Microsurgery without microscope. In summer 2019, in the neurosurgery department of the CHwapi Tournai Belgium
we had the chance to test three different systems of microscope without eyepieces: Kinévo 900 (Zeiss), Orbeye (Olympus) and Digital Surgery Microscope (BBraun Aesculap).
Spine Unit CHwapi Tournai
Présentation de la Spine Unit du CHwapi Tournai à la Société Médicale du Tournaisis le 19 semptembre 2019.
Lombalgies Radiculalgies du KCE à la Spine Unit
Dr P Jooncker KCE, Dr A Poulain Med Phys, Dr M Triffaux Neurochirurgie, Dr D Lamblin Pain Clinic et Dr M Petit Chir. Orthopédique
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Operate in a heads-up manner: a new way of microscopy
Nouveau test au CHwapi de microchirurgie sans occulaire en regardant un écran 3D
Surgical Microscope Orbey Olympus en Neurochirurgie
Test de 4 semaines au sein du service de neurochirurgie du CHWAPI à Tournai Belgique
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Orateurs Dr S Lonneville, Dr A Bouras et Dr M Triffaux
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Outpatient Minimally Invasive Lumbar Interbody Fusion DLIF X Jaws Médicréa
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Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapy
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
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Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Challenges associated with ageing from a public health perspective
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdf
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Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort. Nutritional deficiency disorder in Child
Nutritional deficiency Disorder are problems in india.
It is very important to learn about Indian child's nutritional parameters as well the Disease related to alteration in their Nutrition.
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Statistics- Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting numerical data to assist in making more effective decisions.
A statistics is a measure which is used to estimate the population parameter
Parameters-It is used to describe the properties of an entire population.
Examples-Measures of central tendency Dispersion, Variance, Standard Deviation (SD), Absolute Error, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Eigen Value
What are the different types of Dental implants.
Are you looking for a long-lasting solution to your missing tooth?
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Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
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How to choose the best dermatologists in Indore.
The skin is the largest organ and its health plays a vital role among the other sense organs. The skin concerns like acne breakout, psoriasis, or anything similar along the lines, finding a qualified and experienced dermatologist becomes paramount.
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