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Luc Dini
- 1. www.thalesgroup.com OPEN A perception ofthe threat and IAMD RUSI Missile Defense Conference London, 13 April 2016 LUC DINI
- 2. 2 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 Agenda ▌ THALES activities in IAMD ▌ WHAT is IAMD THREAT ▌ MEDIUM range IAMD dual SYSTEM ▌ IAMD and Missile Defense ▌ A possible IAMD European/transatlantic contribution to IAMD: Networked fire control sensors in clusters
- 3. 3 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 We are committed to build and integrate European National Systems linking together NATO and European capacities in partnership Aster Missile Electronics Integration Verification Validation LANAD DAMB Astrium and ThalesAleniaSpace C4I for TMD&MD ONERA Early Warning Ground based TMD Naval Early Warning and engagement Horizon -T45 -FREMM ADCF Frigate SMART-L EWC SF500 radar Very long range Early Warning Radar GF1000 THALES in IAMD
- 4. 4 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 Agenda ▌ THALES activities in IAMD ▌ WHAT is IAMD THREAT ▌ MEDIUM range IAMD dual SYSTEM ▌ IAMD and Missile Defense ▌ A possible IAMD European/transatlantic contribution to IAMD: Networked fire control sensors in clusters
- 5. 5 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 Evolution of the threat creates more stress Manoeuvering Fighters Non maneuvering fighter/bombers or Surveillance aircraft Cruise missile and antiship missile Manoeuvring BM ECM )))) EAD ABT RANGE: Ballistic Missile and Cruise Missile: >> 1000 km MULTIPLE, DIVERSE, SIMULTANEOUS= RAIDS VELOCITY: Ballistic Missile and Cruise Missile: supersonic to hypersonic MANOEUVRABILITY – AGILITY for penetration, change of target ACCURACY to strike land or martime objectives CYBER We need to plan improvement of the sensors and fire control systems resilience
- 6. 6 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 Agenda ▌ THALES activities in IAMD ▌ WHAT is IAMD THREAT ▌ MEDIUM range IAMD dual SYSTEM ▌ IAMD and Missile Defense ▌ A possible IAMD European/transatlantic contribution to IAMD: Networked fire control sensors in clusters
- 7. 7 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 An example of dual system: SAMP/T system NATO or National Air Defence C2 Launcher L11B, L16 MIDS JRE Network VHF Radio Network Uplink Launcher OF OF The “Brain”: One Engagement Module (ME) The “Eye” and “Guide”: One MRI (ARABEL MFR+IFF)+ Aster uplink with its power generator 4 Vertical launchers (MLT) 4 Vertical launchers (MLT) The “Killer”: ASTER 30 (8 per MLT) The “Killer”: ASTER 30 (8 per MLT) FIRE CONTROL UNIT The “Brain”: Air Defense Air C2 The “Brain”: Air Defense Air C2 The “Eye” external “cueing”The “Eye” external “cueing” LauncherSAMP/T : Interoperability through data link networks
- 8. 8 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 SAMP/T Dual Engagements on ABT & TBM ABT EWR GF1000 MRI ARABEL ME MLTMLT MLT Domain of Interest Domain of Acquisition Intercept Domain MIA KOA MLT Seeker « lock on » Uplink Uplink Firing order & Threat Data TBM in domain of interest TBM Acquisition on EWR cued track Tracking Engagement Firing order & Threat Data ABT Detection with ARABEL MIA : Maximum Intercept Altitude KOA : Keep Out Altitude TBM
- 9. 9 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 Agenda ▌ THALES activities in IAMD ▌ WHAT is IAMD THREAT ▌ MEDIUM range IAMD dual SYSTEM ▌ IAMD and Missile Defense ▌ A possible IAMD European/transatlantic contribution to IAMD: Networked fire control sensors in clusters
- 10. 10 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-0021 0 Bi-SC AIS ACCS FR SAMP/T FADR/DADR (E.G. ASTOR-T, TPS-77) Link-16 (TDMA) US Aegis/ EW NL ADCF/ EWNGCS US AN TPY2 FR C3M NL Patriot GE Patriot US Patriot IT PAAMS / EWIT SAMP/T US S EW GR Patriot FR GS1000 ALTBMD: a multilayred architecture including dual lower layer
- 11. 11 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 iBMD technical architecture US EPAA & EU national Contributions Technical architecture operational and sustained by on going operational programs NATO BMC3 and SE&I STANAG 5535 & 5518 The Threat is growing creating more stress on the defense where time factor is key NATO Interoperability through L16 JRE Network is on its way. NATO and the Nations called for more cooperation on MD, more interoperability and operational readiness. Multifunction sensors are available or in development. They could be networked into clusters under L16 Network to increase the systems capacity and the resilience
- 12. 12 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 STATE of THE ART: TECHNOLOGY TREND AESA MFR SENSORS « active antenna OPEN ARCHITECTURE- IAMD NETWOKING KITS PLUG and FIGHT DUAL MISSILE, 360° SENSORS and FIRE CONTROL MULTIFREQUENCY (UHF, L,S, X) and MODES PATRIOT (USA) S400 NEBO (RU) US Navy Intop/ Cooperative Engagement Capacity (CEC) IBCS: US Army Air C2 & PATRIOT Interoperability kit with IAMD Network ADMR SENSOR IBCS (USA) C2 Israel MICAD Approche Réseau 4 Fixed Panels AESA SF500 (FR)
- 13. 13 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 NATO past and on going studies related to MD and sensors STO* and CSO* studies Multi Function Radar Adaptative Radar Resources Management (MFR ARRM) NATO CNAD Studies NATO MDFS since 2004 NSR NIAG Studies SW 172 & 151 ( reports issued in 2012) 2 recommendations • Smart defense champions: naval sensors • Study fire control sensors grids NIAG SG 207 BMD step3 study on cooperation SET 223 RTG 126 « MFR performances » Jan 2015 to Dec 2017 (36 months) • RRM services definition in place of functions • Figures Of Merit (vs track quality) • Optimization of resources for coalition planning • Propose ARRM for airborne and surface plaforms • Sensors suite on single platform. CAN FR GER NL POL UK USA SET 212 RTG 120 « MFR test and evaluation » Jan 2014- Dec 2016: (36 months) • MFR sensors capability description and roadmap • Specification challenges • Test & evaluation /requirements • Testing approach • Share nations lessons learnt and nations’ progress towards new approaches • Output will support generation to a STANAG FR GER IT NL NOR POL TURK UK USA Concurrent effort from NATO on MFR standards studies plus Nations MFR development can create new opportunities for interoperability
- 14. 14 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 Multifunction radars: a dynamic management of resources MFR offer new capacities for air and missile defense due to Situation awareness sharing, plus sensor functions resources management extended to network (cluster)
- 15. 15 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 Looking at Multifunction/ Fire control radars modes Volumic search: • Adapted to search against several threat ABT+ Short TBms • Adapt search patterns for low level detection (low elevation) or • High elevation detection and track • Optimization depending on which altitude Volumic search: • Adapted to search against several threat ABT+ Short TBms • Adapt search patterns for low level detection (low elevation) or • High elevation detection and track • Optimization depending on which altitude Fence search: • Effective against longer range TBMs, • Potential issues depending on TBMs trajectrories, RV, position, RCS Fence search: • Effective against longer range TBMs, • Potential issues depending on TBMs trajectrories, RV, position, RCS Cued mode: • Networked mode • Acquisition range increaded on long range TBMs • If search radar in forward position Cued mode: • Networked mode • Acquisition range increaded on long range TBMs • If search radar in forward position
- 16. 16 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 Example of Multiple search and track modes over 360° and 90° ▌ 4 fixed panels, independent from each other, ensuring an unmasked azimuth coverage ▌ Full digital AESA technology panels, with very high throughput beamforming (several tens of simultaneous receiving beams) ensuring :
- 17. 17 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 17 Many sensors to build networks SENSORS network could be enhanced by building networked sensor into clusters to ease exchange of resources, increase the intrinsic system capacity between adjacent systems and overall resilience to destruction or saturation
- 18. 18 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 Agenda ▌ THALES activities in IAMD ▌ WHAT is IAMD THREAT ▌ MEDIUM range IAMD dual SYSTEM ▌ IAMD and Missile Defense ▌ A possible IAMD European/transatlantic contribution to IAMD: Networked fire control sensors in clusters
- 19. 19 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 Can we Improve synergy for Fire controls loops ? Refreshment rate Consultation Planning loop Days Tasking & situational awareness Loop C2 BMD OP Real Time Minutes to Few seconds Engagement & Fire Control 1s to 0,01 s JRE AP –Level 1 – L16 NATO SE&I L16 JRE MFR Fire Control Networking Cluster: Cluster based on exchange of data such as Plots in real time MFR Fire Control Networking: cluster based on exchange of ressources and services in real time High speed Link Clusters of fire control sensors could enhance the interoperability between the nations as an extension of the NATO BMC3 backbone at sensors level
- 20. 20 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 Objective of the study: sensors networks & clusters JRE AP – L16 - Level 1 Airborne Early Warning Awacs National BMC3I Planning Tasking ACCS Cluster #1 Cluster #2 Cluster #3 EW chain Cluster #4 1 to 6 s << 1 s Air situation- Operational directive- mission ic Surveillance & Cueing data flow - Level 2 1 to 6 s Coordination & Engagement data flow – Level 3 Study sensors/ weapons local cluster below NATO or National C4I for an additional local Netcentric MD data exchange Satellite Early Warning Radars
- 21. 21 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 2 types of clusters :cooperative or integrative Includes National Caveats ▌ Rules for a Cluster: Cluster declaration: National C² ▌ Within cluster: Declaration of services - Modes, rotating, starring - Mission: tracking search - Performances assessment - NCTR capabilities Smart sensor management - Sensor load management - Priority targets management - Environment adaptation - Re acquisition - Multi radar tracking FLEXIBLE: SCALABLE, INTEGRABLE, SEPARABLE CLUSTERS • Cooperative= exchange of data between nation A and nation B sensors • Integrative= exchange of services inside a cluster with nation A and B sensors
- 22. 22 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 The concept of Fire Control sensors in Cluster AN/TPY-2 Long range Tracking and Discrimination AEGIS SEA FIRE 500 SMART-L L and S band Long range EW & Tracking UHF EW Fixed Radars PAVE PAWS (US) TLP (FR) AN/SPY-1 S-Band Long Range EW & tracking GROUND FIRE 1000 L-16 Hi-Speed Link X band Long Range EW
- 23. 23 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 Expected Improvement aimed by sensors clusters Avoid Saturation of MFR sensors due to raids Clusters are not permanent, deployed, set or separated according to plans creating multinational effective weapons –sensors associations Increase the synergy of resources applied to search, track, discrimination Balance the saturation of one function by another sensor Improve the accuracy of tracking and fire control (more resources focused) Improve the range (harmonization of EM resources allocated to detection; tracking,..) Maximize the battlespace Improve timing, reactivity and engagement timeline Improve resilience to threat by spreading resources and enhancing subsidiarity: Multifrequency, mutilsensors, multiple sources (multi static) 23
- 24. 24 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 Benefit to the nations Improve the interactivity between sensors for Air&Missile Defense Add a new level of cooperation and interoperability between nations compatible with NATO BMC3 Such sensor networking could be used also for other partners and friendly nations when decided Enhancement of sensors/ weapons systems intrinsic performances, flexibility, adaptibility and robustness to the threat Increase the capacity of MFR systems thanks to a better use of EM resources Take advantage of sensors clusters as a flexible network that can be adapted to operational and political context 24
- 25. 25 OPEN Thisdocumentmaynotbereproduced,modified,adapted,published,translated,inanyway,inwholeorin partordisclosedtoathirdpartywithoutthepriorwrittenconsentofThales-©Thales2015Allrightsreserved. March 2015 Template :87204467-DOC-GRP-EN-002 Benefit to Industry 25 Common data exchange will improve the performance of modular systems Improve the performance and offer options to combine different technologies and systems with their specificities while meeting interfaces standards Improve final cost effectiveness fo the sensors and systems in clusters including existing systems Facilitate access to market by making sensors compatible Take advantages of other studies and efforts, eg: Maritime TMD Forum BMC4I WG and work related to plot level data and fusion NATO BMD SE&I STANAG 5535/ ADatP-35 developement efforts Studies conducted by Science and Study groups on MFR radars