Local indie rock in Singapore first emerged in the 1990s as a form of rebellion among youth. However, it was largely shunned by society and performances saw poor turnouts. In the late 1990s, more youth began listening to local indie rock bands, which helped the scene grow. As perceptions changed, local bands began getting opportunities to perform at schools, churches, and community events. The opening of venues like The Substation helped expose more people to local indie rock bands, growing crowds and the number of bands monthly. While the internet helped promote local bands online, piracy made it difficult for bands to profit from music sales, requiring band members to hold down full-time jobs in addition to performing. Overall support for local indie