I gives a detail information about the liposomes ,it's classification and preparation methods with its application in general delivery.

1. INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY AND RESEARCH,
BADNERA
LIPOSOMAL GENE DELIVERY SYSTEM
Presented By –
Shamal N. Gulhane
M. Pharm 1st Year
Pharmaceutics
Guided by-
Ms. Vaishnavi R. Belokar
Assistant Professor
Dept. of pharmaceutics

2. CONTENTS
1. Liposomes
• Structure
• Types
• Methods of preparation
• Application
2. Gene therapy
3. Liposomal gene delivery system
4. Conclusion
5. References

3. LIPOSOMES
1. Liposomes were discovered in the year 1960 by British haematologist "Dr.Alec D.Bangham".
2. Liposome derived from two Greek words lipo means "fat" and soma means "body“
3. These are the concentric bilayered vesicles in which an aqueous core is entirely enclosed by a
membrane lipid bilayer mainly composed of natural and synthetic phospholipids.Its Size range
varies from 20nm-3 microns.
4. Liposomes are spheres of lipids which can be used to transport the molecules into the cells.

4. MAIN COMPONENTS OF LIPOSOMES
1. Phospholipid bilayer
2. Cholesterol

5. TYPES OF LIPOSOMES
1. Small unilamellar vesicles( SUV) - size ranges from 0.1μm-1000nm
2. Multilamellar vesicles(MLV) - size ranges from 100-1000nm
3. Large unilamellar vesicles(LUV)- size ranges from 0.1μm to 1000nm

6. METHOD OF PREPARATION

7. APPLICATIONS
1. They are used in gene delivery
2. Used in antimicrobial, antifungal and antiviral therapy
3. Used in immunology
4. Used in cosmetic and dermatology
5. Used as drug protein delivery vehicle
6. Used in enzyme replacement therapy
7. Useful for tumor therapy
8. Used in bioreactor technology
9. Used as radio pharmaceutical and radiodignostic carrier

8. GENE THERAPY
Gene therapy is an experimental technique that uses genes to treat or prevent diseases by
introducing DNA into cells
Approaches to Gene Therapy
In vivo gene therapy: Direct delivery of genes into the cells of a particular tissue in the body.
Ex vivo gene therapy: Transfer of genes to cultured cells and reinsertion.

9. LIPOSOMAL GENE DELIVERY SYSTEM
Delivery of the exogenous DNA,RNA and Oligonucleotides has great impact on the treatment of many
diseases
Gene therapy is a cure of diseases by fixing gene for gene inhibition, gene augmentation or gene
replacement
Vectors for Gene Delivery
A)Viral Vectors
Ex. retroviruses, adenovirus, herpes simplex virus
B) Non-viral vectors
Ex. Lipoplexes, cationic liposomes

10. STEPS IN LIPOSOMAL GENE DELIVERY
Liposomal gene delivery typically involves four steps:
1) Formulation
2) Administration
3) Uptake
4) Expression

11. 1) Formulation:
Liposomes are prepared by combining cationic and anionic lipids in a specific ratio. The cationic lipids are
positively charged and interact with the negatively charged nucleic acids such as DNA &RNA. The anionic
lipids provide stability and help to prevent the liposomes from fusing with each other. Other components
such as Cholesterol and PEGlyted lipids can be added to improve the stability and efficacy of the liposomes.
2) Administration:
Liposomal gene delivery can be administered in several ways including Injection, Inhalation or topical
application. The method of administration will depend on the target tissue and the disease being treated.
3) Uptake:
Once the liposomes are administered they must be taken up by the target cells. This can occur through
several mechanism including endocytosis, fusion, or direct uptake. The cationic lipids in the liposomes
interact with the negatively charged cell membrane, allowing the liposomes to fuse with the cell.
4) Expression:
Once the therapeutic genes is inside the cell, it must be expressed to have a therapeutic effect.

12. CONCLUSION
Gene therapy is a therapeutic approach to deliver genetic material into cells to alter their
function in the entire organism.
Liposomes are promising nano carriers in gene therapy genetic vaccination.
Liposmes are used vehicle for macromolecules, cytokines and genes

13. REFERENCES
I. Y W. Chien, Novel Drug Delivery Systems, 2nd edition, revised and expanded, Marcel Dekker, Inc.,
New York, 1992.
II. S.P.Vyas and R.K.Khar, Controlled Drug Delivery - concepts and advances, Vallabh Prakashan, New
Delhi, First edition 2002.
III. A book of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics by Bramhankar

14. Thank
you