This document examines and evaluates various lighting technologies, including incandescent, fluorescent, high-intensity discharge, LED, and lighting controls. It discusses the operating principles, advantages, and disadvantages of each technology. Applications of the different lighting technologies are also considered for uses in residential, office, retail, outdoor, and mood/emergency lighting.
Induction Lamps: SEECOL is the India's leading manufacturer of energy efficient induction lamps products. We offer Induction Lamps, Induction Lighting, Induction Light, Outdoor Lighting, Induction Street Lighting, and Induction Roadway Lighting.
Induction Lamps: Induction lamps are a promising technology which features good efficiency and long life. SEECOL's induction lamp has been successfully applied to numerous lighting projects. Its significant energy saving effect has been recognized by every customer." />
<meta>Induction Lamps, Induction Lighting Systems, Induction LED Lamps, Induction Lamps India
Induction Lamps: SEECOL is the India's leading manufacturer of energy efficient induction lamps products. We offer Induction Lamps, Induction Lighting, Induction Light, Outdoor Lighting, Induction Street Lighting, and Induction Roadway Lighting.
Induction Lamps: Induction lamps are a promising technology which features good efficiency and long life. SEECOL's induction lamp has been successfully applied to numerous lighting projects. Its significant energy saving effect has been recognized by every customer." />
<meta>Induction Lamps, Induction Lighting Systems, Induction LED Lamps, Induction Lamps India
The history of projection, like that of other technologies, is the story of the confluence of many individual advances in the arts and sciences. Humans have been charmed by light and color and driven by the need to share tales, ideas, and experiences since the earliest shadow plays on cave walls in antiquity through 360° projection domes.
Even with all the great advancement of the previous few centuries, we are in a time when the powers of human technology allow us to communicate our creative ideas in ways unfathomable to us as just as 20–30 years ago.
Eco Lite Technologies - Manufacturers & Suppliers of LED ProductsVikram Jeet
Eco lite technologies is the manufacturers of led products like led bulbs, led lights, led street lights, led mr16, led down lights, led bay lights. Each products of us are passed through various electrical parameters like electrical, thermal, optical, etc. before reaching to the customers. You can view and purchase wide variety of led products through our website http://www.ecolitetechnologies.co.in
The history of projection, like that of other technologies, is the story of the confluence of many individual advances in the arts and sciences. Humans have been charmed by light and color and driven by the need to share tales, ideas, and experiences since the earliest shadow plays on cave walls in antiquity through 360° projection domes.
Even with all the great advancement of the previous few centuries, we are in a time when the powers of human technology allow us to communicate our creative ideas in ways unfathomable to us as just as 20–30 years ago.
Eco Lite Technologies - Manufacturers & Suppliers of LED ProductsVikram Jeet
Eco lite technologies is the manufacturers of led products like led bulbs, led lights, led street lights, led mr16, led down lights, led bay lights. Each products of us are passed through various electrical parameters like electrical, thermal, optical, etc. before reaching to the customers. You can view and purchase wide variety of led products through our website http://www.ecolitetechnologies.co.in
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
1. Lighting Technologies
1. LAWI OTIENO-EN201/0089/2018
2. HUSSEIN KIPKEMBOI -EN201/0208/2018
3. RONALD AUSTINE- EN201/0222/2018
4. MOURINE KARANI- EN201/0219/2018
INSTRUCTORS NAME : ENG. BRIAN K. WAMUKOYA
2. Lighting technology has exponentially developed recently, predominantly in terms of the light source power efficiency. Innovated high-intensity LED provide enormous
light output, with low power consumption (UNEP,2017). It is appropriate to study lighting methods that would be economical when deployed in future for reduction of cost
and energy consumption both in the industry and households (Khanh & Neumann, 2019). This paper examines and evaluates varied technological lighting choices and present
various application of the lighting technologies. In the paper, the following lighting technologies will be considered;
incandescent lighting
fluorescent lighting
high-intensity discharge
LED lighting
Lighting Controls
Incandescent Lighting
It was developed in the period around 1800s (UNEP,2017).
Operation Principle
For incandescent lamps to emit light, electrical current passes through a tungsten wire inside a glass bulb suspended over inert air (Thorns, 2016). Electric current heats up the
filament, making it to glow and emit visible light coupled with extreme heat emission (Wang & Linnartz, 2016) . Halogen lamps which have greater improvements and
efficiency than incandescent have an increased life span (UNEP,2017). These lamps’ filament contains a small quantity of bromine
3. or iodine which prolong the lamp life by re-depositing evaporated tungsten back to the filament, hence reducing the blackening of the filament capsule (Khanh &
Neumann, 2019).
Fluorescent Lighting
They are modernized versions of incandescent lamps, integrating an electronic ballast and phosphor-lined glass tube (Thorns, 2016).
Principle of Operation
The electrodes of the tube have an electrical arc struck at them, triggering the mercury particles to discharge ultraviolet light, stimulating the phosphor coating thus
emitting visible light (Khanh & Neumann, 2019). CFLs were developed in the 1970s, and are essentially a miniaturized version of a linear fluorescent lamp (UNEP,2017).
CFLs consume about 75 per cent reduced energy while discharging the same amount of light with almost ten times longer life span (UNEP,2017).
Advantages Disadvantages
Cheap to acquire than other technologies Low efficacy lots of energy wastage
Improved color rendering Short lifetime, around 3,000 hours halogen 1,000
hours incandescent
Widespread operating position Increased cost operating costs
Increased temperature operating.
4. Advantages Disadvantages
Reduced running costs Needs Control gear for operation;
Improved efficacy Life span reduces due to frequent
switching
Long life span Needs special ballast Dimming
excellent color rendering. Has mercury
High Intensity Discharge Lighting
High intensity discharge lighting discharges light from an arc enclosed within a gas capsule sealed inside a bulb (Thorns, 2016). They need a ballast to start and operate, hence
controlling the voltage supplied to the capsule of the gas (Thorns, 2016). The electrical arc goes through a metal vapor hence producing light (UNEP,2017). When first started,
HID bulbs discharge about 5 per cent of their light, and go for a couple of minutes to achieve optimum brightness. HID must be allowed to cool before it produces light again
after being switched off (Khanh & Neumann, 2019). The main variant for HID is mercury vapor, metal halide and high-pressure sodium light ("Comparative Assessments of
CFLs, Incandescent and LEDs Bulbs for Energy Efficient Lighting System in Building", 2020).
Advantages Disadvantages
Low running costs Requires control gear required
for operation
high pressure sodium and metal halide lamps
have high efficacy
consumes time to re-strike after operation
Long life span about, 20,000 hours; Takes more time to reach full brightness
5. Led Lighting Technology
LED lamps and luminaires are increasingly mainstreaming into classes of different illumination applications globally (Thorns, 2016). Continued LED technology
performance improvement and reductio of cost indicates that the market growth will fast-track, leading to replacement of traditional lighting technologies with optimally
performing and more efficient LED technology (Thorns, 2016). LEDs present exceptional features that make them a captivating source of light and a technology worth
employing. They have long life, are dense, resist vibration and breaking, have best performance in cold environments, can easily be turned on and some are dimmable (Wang
& Linnartz, 2016). LEDs can be adjusted to provide varied colored lights, dependent on the drive circuit and LED array light source. LEDs discharge monochromatic light,
hence Unlike fluorescent and incandescent lamps they are vastly effective for colored lights (Wang & Linnartz, 2016).
LEDs are extremely energy efficient when light output for watts of electricity input is considered. today in market, the most efficient LED lamps function at 130 lumens per
watt, greater than double the energy operation of a CFL and exceedingly above 10 times higher efficacy than an incandescent lamp ("Comparative Assessments of CFLs,
Incandescent and LEDs Bulbs for Energy Efficient Lighting System in Building", 2020). As the technology progresses in future, efficiency will advance and costs decay
(UNEP,2017). LEDs offer the potential to produce high-quality white light with unprecedented energy efficiency. countries deciding to eliminate
Myriad color rendering Reduced life span due to frequent
switching
small package can achieve high flux in a special ballast must be employed for
Dimming
halide able to achieve excellent color. Has mercury.
6. incandescent lamps and enroll LED will see consumers save about 85 per cent, minus reduction on quality of light and improved life span of the luminaire (Wang & Linnartz,
2016). As of today, LEDs are operating with efficacies of about 220 lumens per watt, under favorable conditions. increased efficiency leads to users getting quality light at a
reduced running cost and lowered CO2 emissions (Wang & Linnartz, 2016). Presently, there are LED high bay, street lights and flood lights, replacement and several other
luminaires and technologies provided in the changing LED lighting market.
Advantages Disadvantages
Highest efficiency Needs Control gear
for operation
Reduced running costs Increased relative initial costs
long operating life span Needs proper thermal design to enable release
of waste heat.
Provides outstanding color rendering;
Possibility of dimming, Instant on, instant
re-strike.
Has no mercury.
small package gives high
7. Lighting Controls
The technology aids in reduction of energy consumption. They range from basic wall switches to advanced computer control systems that control lighting in a single
building. Industry innovations have led to introduction of affordable daylight sensing (Thorns, 2016). An integrated lighting controls system and energy-efficient luminaires
produces optimal lighting performance in an apartment. Lighting controls systems aid in saving a significant percentage of energy used for lighting by monitoring use and
running lighting when it is necessary (UNEP,2017). lighting controls strategies systems include: photocells—presenting modest, dependable and cheaper ways of controlling
lighting system. Occupancy -sensing technology is used to notice the presence of people and switch off light when rooms are empty. Sensing mechanisms integrate intelligence
into design to avoid falsehood. Dimming technologies routinely lessens light output when there is daylight. The most technologically advanced lighting controls systems have
central computer control of lighting systems to Custom-made lighting setting including though mobile phone applications to promote optimization and comfort
Advantages Disadvantages
Reduced human interaction Higher initial cost for of additional
installation equipment
Reduces operation cost Increased commissioning
Costs because of setting time for controls
8. Saves on cost of constant equipment
replacement.
Requires trained labor for equipment
management.
May predict any faults based on
gathered data.
Limited incentives
Applications Of Lighting Technologies
Residential lighting
Use compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) to replace incandescent lamps because incandescent lamps consume more electricity. Therefore, it reduces cost of energy. Also,
it is easy to insert into the existing ceiling.
Office interior lighting
Use tubular fluorescent lamps because of their large area of light coverage.
Retail and display lighting
Use halogen lighting because of the colour and spotlight produced by these lamps.
Outdoor and street lighting applications
Use high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps to deliver a high-brightness output.
9. Mood and emergency lighting
Use light-emitting diodes due to the reasons stated below:
Low-power consumption
Low maintenance
Ultra-long life
10. References
Comparative Assessments of CFLs, Incandescent and LEDs Bulbs for Energy Efficient Lighting System in Building. (2020). https://doi.org/10.7176/jetp/10-5-04
Khanh, T., & Neumann, C. (2019). Illumination optics for indoor lighting, automotive and street lighting. Advanced Optical Technologies, 8(1), 11-12.
https://doi.org/10.1515/aot-2019-0007
Thorns, P. (2016). Book review: Spiros Kitsinelis: Light Sources: Basics of Lighting Technologies and Applications. Lighting Research &Amp; Technology, 48(5), 653-
653. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477153516658434
United Nations Environment Programme. (2017). Accelerating the Global Adoption of Energy-Efficient Lighting.
Wang, X., & Linnartz, J. (2016). Intelligent illuminance control in a dimmable LED lighting system. Lighting Research &Amp; Technology, 49(5), 603-617.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1477153516645839