Life of a DBA
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Total Database Management - A day in the life of a DBA
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Life of a DBA
- 1. align Total Database Management: A Week in the Life of a DBA Craig S. Mullins Director, Technology Planning
- 2. Topics The Role of the DBA Managing Databases Dealing with Problems Monitoring Operations Dealing with day-to-day tasks SmartDBA Performance Administration Recovery Business Service Management Integration of SmartDBA and BSM
- 3. What is a DBA? 0010 001010100 101011101011 101011010010101 01001001101010111000011 11001010100100101000100101
- 4. The DBA is a “Jack of all Trades” Oracle database schema DNS SQL application code Java operating system network software ISP bridge/router/hub HTTP network cabling hardware CGI connection ZPARMs 3GL ASP XML HTMLgateway Java appletDB2 Connect DB2 Sybase SQL Server Unix Windows OS/390 SQL*Net TCP/IP V$ Tables COBOL VB C++ JCL CICS MQ Linux VTAM Z/OS
- 5. DBA 101 The management discipline of database administration encompasses many complex, integrated tasks all centered on ensuring the availability of data, databases, and applications: › Creating the Database Environment › Database Design › Application Design › Design Reviews › Database Change Management › Data Availability › Performance Management System Performance Database Performance Application Performance › Data Integrity › Database Security › Backup and Recovery › Disaster Planning › Storage Management › Distributed Database Management › Data Warehouse Administration › Database Utility Management › Database Connectivity › Procedural DBA › Soft Skills
- 6. Keep Databases up to P.A.R. A simple definition of database administration: PERFORMANCE Monitoring Avoiding outages SQL tuning Space management Optimize Performance ADMINISTRATION Day-to-day workload Schema management Database changes High speed utilities Automate Administration RECOVERY Database backup/recovery Transaction recovery Recovery automation Disaster recovery Assure Recoverability
- 7. What Happens Object needs to be reorganized – DB2 Perf Improper file used for batch run – Log Master Need to add several new columns to tables for regulatory compliance purposes – DBA Test tables need to be refreshed – UNLOAD/LOAD Change from above needed in production by Mon. – DBA Poorly performing system – Sys and App Perf Request to fix data – one-off program vs. table editor in Catalog Manager Space failure during change on weekend – DBA add space and automatic restart where it left off
- 8. But What Does it all Look Like from the DBA’s Point of View? Let’s take a walk in the DBA’s shoes for a week…
- 9. 7:00 AM Monday Morning DBA trudges into his office, coffee cup in hand, only to be greeted by a ringing telephone before he can even switch on his computer: It’s one of the users in the claims department complaining that she can’t get any work done because the system is so slow…
- 10. SQL Performance
- 11. It’s Really More Like This
- 12. SmartDBA: Heterogeneous Data Management • SmartDBA is the foundation for intelligent data management: P-A-R for DB2, Oracle, Sybase, SQL Server, and IMS › Single console to manage mainframe and distributed databases › Simplifies interface to similar administrative tasks › Built-in intelligence and automation Application-centric where appropriate DB2 & IMS UDB
- 14. IT Optimization 2004+ Growing Management Need Operations Management 2000-2003+IT Management 80s – 90s Technology IT Services Business Contribution Cost Savings Advantage & Differentiation Value Growth
- 15. Business+DBA: The Value to You BMC Data Management Tools & Utilities BMC Data Management Tools & Utilities
- 16. Business Service Management IT Operations and Infrastructure Management › Manage your IT operations in the context of your critical business services Management of the IT infrastructure is BMC Software’s heritage BMC tools enable you to monitor, diagnose, advise and resolve exceptions as well as control your IT infrastructure, including: Systems Databases Applications Storage Security Networks
- 17. Business Service Management IT Service and Applications Management › Tie service-level agreements to business needs–not just technology metrics–and deliver the promised levels of service › Identify and automatically respond to IT errors, without human intervention, before they impact the business › Enforce Operational Consistency consistent with critical business needs by automatically prioritizing maintenance and operational changes consistently with critical business needs › Align fully with ITIL’s best practice guidelines using BMC Software solutions that optimize IT efficiency through improved: Service Delivery: availability, performance, capacity, service-level and continuity management Service Support: help desk, asset, change and configuration, incident and problem, and release management
- 18. Service Impact Management Service Impact ManagementTM › Define and automatically update critical relationships between business and IT services, and detect changes in your dynamic IT environment › Accelerate your ability to directly connect IT operations to business services › Understand and communicate the true impact of technology changes (such as IT component failure) on the business and vice versa
- 19. SmartDBA and BSM “If there is no immediate need to implement SLM/BSM technologies, companies should focus their attention during the next 12 months on centralizing and consolidating the underlying network, systems, application management technologies and implementing end-user response time measurements. This will enable them to implement fully fledged SLM/BSM projects quickly, once the vendor landscape has become more stable and more robust best practice scenarios are available.” Giga Information Group, Thomas Mendel Market Overview 2003: Service-Level Management and Business Services Management Technologies, Start Implementing BSM today with SmartDBA
- 20. The Problem BSM is Solving › SmartDBA Detects a Problem on a Managed Object, End Users May or May Not be aware anything happened! › Event is transmitted to DBA Enterprise View Phone Call Pager/Email Alert › Action is taken Importance or relevance of alarm not always clear No prioritization or scheduling Other stakeholders not aware or informed of the situation SmartDBA Detects and Alerts (PATROL, Mainview) DBA acts on Information Manual or Automatic – Uses DBA Tools Subjective prioritization End Users Unhappy What’s wrong???
- 21. Add BSM to the Picture Service Impact Model SmartDBA Detects and Alerts (PATROL, Mainview) DBA acts on Information Manual or Automatic – Uses DM Tools Fully informed as to business relevance and impact of actions Remedy Trouble Ticket Prioritized by Business Relevance Productive, Informed End-Users
- 22. Business Service Management Value Proposition BMC Software’s BSM Strategy Delivers: › A dynamic methodolology for aligning IT operations and services with the needs of the business › Clear understanding of the impact of IT events, and how they support business-critical services SmartDBA Linkages to BSM Provide: › Ability to quickly identify database issues that affect the business › Solutions for instantly preventing and resolving these issues
- 23. Business Service › The process being managed Service Impact Manager › Automatically relates business services to underlying IT assets IT Service Management › Complete service lifecycle management of the IT environment IT Operations and Infrastructure Management › The specific tools and automation processes for administering specific elements of the IT stack SmartDBA Solutions - Intelligent Data Management Optimize PERFORMANCE System Performance SQL Performance Database Performance Simplify ADMINISTRATION Database Administration Administrative Assistant Assure RECOVERY Recovery Management Recovery for SAP Recovery for Siebel Manage mainframe and distributed databases from a single console.Manage mainframe and distributed databases from a single console. Oracle IMS DB2 UDB for Unix, Window s and Linux SQL Server Sybase DB2 UDB for z/ OS and OS/ 390 OracleOracle IMSIMS DB2 UDB for Unix, Window s and Linux DB2 UDB for Unix, Window s and Linux SQL ServerSQL Server SybaseSybase DB2 UDB for z/ OS and OS/ 390 DB2 UDB for z/ OS and OS/ 390 Business Service Management - Schematic
- 24. Applications Databases Network Systems Workstations Storage Security Customer View of BSM Customer / Partner Business Executives IT Operations DB Administrators Customer & Partner Support via Remedy BSM Console Patrol & MainView Console and Dispatch SmartDBA Console • Excellent Customer support regarding IT issues • Proactive notification (voice response) • Real-time business health • High Business Availability • Prioritization of Tasks • Timely resolution • Historic trends supports preventative maint. • Prioritization of Tasks • 99.999% Business AvailabilityLif Business Service Management
- 25. SmartDBA and BSM in Action – A Case Study The Scenario: Trading Floor Application › Processing an order requires customer, quote, order_type, and order detail information › Business must process thousands of orders a day within trading guidelines to meet service goals… Failure to meet SLA results in lost revenue, upset customers, and damaged reputation The Challenge › Deep in the infrastructure, a key table in the order detail database is filling up, with the potential of halting processing during the most active trading period › Let’s see how BSM and SmartDBA can keep the business running!
- 26. How SmartDBA Works for Business ! Deep in the infrastructure, a key table in the order_detail database is filling up, which could potentially halt trading! This event is automatically detected and routed to the service model and the DBA.
- 27. Business Priorities are Pre-defined Business relevance criteria is proactively identified in advance to ensure that issues will be resolved seamlessly, based on the priority of the business service that is affected. !
- 28. Business Impact is Assessed The business service impact of the database event is assessed by the service model. The service model ensures that the appropriate action is scheduled and prioritized, updating management systems. !
- 29. Tasks are Assigned A work ticket is automatically generated and tasks are assigned to the Database and Storage Administrators with HIGH priority. !
- 30. Action is Taken then the Database Administrator adds more storage to the problem table. The Storage Administrator allocates the space, !
- 31. The Result Bottom-Line: The Trading Floor Application DID NOT MISS A BEAT! › The database condition was detected before the outage occurred › The operations team immediately recognized the potential impact to a key business service › The help desk and support groups reacted to ensure a work ticket was generated and work scheduled and prioritized › The database administration team had the information and tools to address the problem right away › The ticket was closed, the system kept running, and the entire IT team was aligned on the highest priority work, ensuring the high availability of a mission critical business service
- 32. › SmartDBA Solutions provide a source of rich, intelligent database events today (mainframe and distributed), accessible to BSM through PATROL and MAINVIEW. › The Service Impact Manager provides a robust toolkit for building models relating IT assets to Business Services. › Remedy provides a suite of process management tools including Help Desk, Asset Management, and Change Management. › BMC SIM provides business oriented monitoring and alerting based on events in the infrastructure. Business Service Management - The Complete Picture
- 33. Business Service Management - The Complete Picture BMC Software Heritage Solutions PATROL Remedy Help Desk Business Relevance SmartDBA PATROL Express MAINVIEW PATROL Network Management Remedy Change Management Remedy Asset Management Remedy Service Level Agreements Business IT PATROL Enterprise Manager CONTROL- M CONTROL-SA Performance Prediction Analysis Performance Metrics Business IT Applications MasterCell Remedy PATROL MasterCell Remedy Help Desk Business Relevance SmartDBA PATROL Express MAINVIEW PATROL Network Management Remedy Asset Management Business PATROL Enterprise Manager CONTROL- M CONTROL-SA Remedy Change Management Remedy Service Level Agreements IT Performance Prediction Analysis Performance Metrics Business IT Applications MasterCell PATROL Remedy Help Desk Business Relevance SmartDBA PATROL Express MAINVIEW PATROL Network Management Remedy Asset Management Business PATROL Enterprise Manager CONTROL- M CONTROL-SA Remedy Change Management Remedy Service Level Agreements IT Performance Prediction Analysis Performance Metrics Business IT Applications MasterCell PATROL Remedy Help Desk Business Relevance SmartDBA PATROL Express MAINVIEW PATROL Network Management Remedy Change Management Remedy Asset Management Business PATROL Enterprise Manager CONTROL- M CONTROL-SA Remedy Service Level Agreements IT Performance Prediction Analysis Performance Metrics Business IT Applications MasterCell
- 34. Phases of Integration All of the Components are Available Today › Customers can build and execute comprehensive BSM processes today. › Integration and automation of the processes remain the areas where BMC is focusing its development. Current Development Efforts › Enhanced event integration—Direct feed of SmartDBA events and contextual information to the SIM using an API. › Database Environment Discovery—Direct feed of the SmartDBA environment catalog to the SIM using an API. Future Plans › Automatic feed of SIM priority calculations to SmartDBA › Automatic open/close of Remedy tickets › Direct query of SIM information from SmartDBA (ex: determine optimal time to run a maintenance task, etc.)
- 35. BSM and SmartDBA BSM Services Ensure › That the IT stack is managed with a clear and focused view of its impact on the critical business services upon which the organization depends SmartDBA Delivers › A rich set of information and automation tightly connected to the BSM management process › A complete portfolio of products to ensure that the DBA can respond quickly and effectively to events that impact the database › The ability to prevent issues from occurring at all through proactive management of the environment!
Editor's Notes
- SmartDBA and BSM This presentation is meant for internal and external audiences. It presents SmartDBA in the context of an overall BSM solution from BMC Software.
- Agenda: This presentation will briefly cover the value prop of BSM tied with SmartDBA, and then show how the solution fits together. We then have a realistic example that illustrates the products and integration points, followed by some statements about our current development plans and future goals. This presentation is platform agnostic. The points apply equally well to both distributed and mainframe platforms. The examples and illustrations that the presenter gives can come from either area equally well.
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- Of course, PAR is a simplification of the many skills required of the DBA to be effective and proficient. Most of these skills, however, are technology-focused. Being technology-savvy is required of a DBA, but marrying those technical skills to business requirements will result in a more powerful usage of database technology.
- <number> The job of the DBA boils down to keeping databases running up to PAR. In this context, PAR has dual meaning. The basic meaning for par (the word) is like it is used in golf: an amount taken as an average or norm. But for DBAs PAR can also be an acronym that defines the three primary responsibilities they have for managing databases: Performance, Administration, and Recovery. If the DBA focuses on PAR (Performance, Administration, Recovery), then applications will be performing according to the service level agreements, databases will be administered appropriately assuring optimal design and good organization, and data will be sufficiently backed up such that it can be recovered in the event of an error or downtime. This is the essence of database administration.
- BSM is all about managing and running your IT infrastructure from a business perspective. It's thinking about how what you do in the IT organization has a direct impact on the business and how that business should drive what you do in the IT organization. Traditionally, IT has been about monitoring IT assets and responding to problems. If you think about event management at the infrastructure layer, what you're doing is trying to identify what's going wrong in your infrastructure. Is a server down? Is a database offline? Is a network switch having a problem? When you look at the alert display on your enterprise management console you might see a lot of red on the screen indicating a lot of failed components or critical events occurring. But you don't necessarily know if those events are impacting the business. So in the absence of any means of tying this back to the business, what do you do? You fix everything as quickly as you can. You treat everything as a high-priority item. But realistically speaking, you can't always do that. With BSM, I don't just get an alert that says which server is down. I get an alert that says which business process is impacted. Then I can proactively decide whether to forward the alert to the on-call technician or hold onto it because it's not critical and could wait until later after higher-priority issues are resolved. So BSM is the high end of this management continuum, where our actions have moved from technology-oriented thru application-oriented and finally to business process-oriented, while at the same time moving from active thru proactive to predictive. The end goal is to be able to predict an IT operational failure before it happens and resolve the issue to ensure that no outages to critical business processes are incurred.
- It is important to have strong systems management infrastructure in place. Network and systems management has been a BMC Software strength since the early days of our company. Our solutions offer a depth and breadth that no other technology company can match.
- Once you have your system infrastructure monitoring and management in place, you have to understand how those systems tie into the company's business activities. Interview people in the business units to gain an understanding of their business processes and the systems they use to support those processes. On the IT side, look at your asset inventory and begin to understand what components are dependent on other components in order to deliver a particular IT service. That, quite frankly, is where all the heavy lifting occurs. To really model those services you have to pull everyone together -the architect, the application developer, the database administrators, the network folks-and determine what's really dependent upon what. The key here is that you're trying to identify dependencies, not just topology. Topology tells you what's connected to what, whereas impact tells you what's dependent on what. That's really what we're trying to get to: impact, not just topology. Once you've created a model of what the IT systems look like, you can then link those systems to the business process that requires them. And that's what we're calling a business service. It's that alignment of the business process with all the IT systems required to support that process. With this new business service perspective of your infrastructure, you can begin to tie service level agreements to business needs, rather than technology metrics.
- Infrastructure Management is the Foundation: When discussing realistic implementations of BSM, it is important to point out that BSM requires a well instrumented, rich source of information delivered from the IT stack. In order to effectively model and manage services from a high level, the sub components need to deliver useful and relevant information in an appropriate context, else the modeling effort can be very difficult. SmartDBA provides a powerful and effective method for centralizing and consolidating the management of a diverse, enterprise scale database environment and is an example of the kind of thing one would do to react to the advice shown above on the Giga quote. Actually, given SmartDBA is a fully participating member of the PATROL and MAINVIEW environments, one could make a broader statement about the need to instrument all of the underlying infrastructural managed objects in preparation for a full blown BSM strategy.
- <number> Speaker Notes: Use this slide to discuss how the DBA world is essentially self contained, and it is often not obvious how the events and actions that go on around the clock effect the actual business users. While SmartDBA greatly improves the ability of the DBA to manage the system, its still a largely reactive environment in a lot of cases.
- <number> Speaker Notes: In the BSM enabled universe, the Service Impact Model will assess the event information in terms of its relevance to the business and use the Remedy system to help schedule and prioritize maintenance activity. The DBA still has access to all of the information he had before, but he is now much more aware of the impact and priority to the users, and through the Remedy system, the users can be sure their issues are being addressed and tracked.
- Value of BSM: A key point about SmartDBA Without BSM While an organization may have powerful infrastructure management tools, each IT department is effectively an “island of automation” with priorities and tasks determined from the perspective of that units view of the operation. With BSM The efforts of each IT department are guided by a single, comprehensive view of the needs and priorities of the business, and apply their resources in lockstep for the maximum positive impact to the organization.
- Schematic Overview of a Complete BSM Environment: This slide has three builds: The basic BSM stack – talk about the key layers and position how everything fits. The infrastructure management layer provides the key instrumentation and management capabilities to deal with a particular technology element. The service management layer provide the complete lifecycle management capabilities and process automation capabilities that allow one to consistently manage consistently across the entire IT stack. The service impact layer provides a rich model relating technology components to business services for the purpose of understanding impacts and priorities of infrastructure events, and being able to provide impact analysis of proposed corrective actions. Finally, the business service layer provides the end user view of the services and their health and welfare based on the underlying state of the technology components. In the second built, the architectural schematic appears and you should discuss how the components link together in general. In the final build, we now drill down to SmartDBA and discuss the functional capabilities of the DBA suite and show how it plugs into the BSM context.
- Different constituents interact with BSM at different levels and using different consoles. Partners and customers interacts with BSM thru Remedy to review and react to trouble tickets and their resolutions. Business executives interact with the high-level BSM console for an overarching view of IT/business interaction. IT operations interact with management specific management consoles for performance management and to deliver high availability. DBAs interact with the SmartDBA console to deliver P-A-R for database systems and applications. Regardless of the console and level of interaction, the BSM architecture ties these disparate pieces together into a holistic vision of the business impact of IT operations.
- A CASE STUDY: We use this hypothetical example to show how the system will work. It is meant to be very generic and not focus on a particular tool or platform.
- Right data to the right people at the right time: In this slide, there are three builds. In the first build, we see the basic setup Next we talk about the predicted problem of a “full” database which is flagged by the SmartDBA intelligent alarm capabilities Finally, we point out that event information is shared simultaneously with the event management / operations people and will result in a service management view being impacted, while we also route the information to the DBA responsible for the particular system. At this point, you can mention that DBA’s do not spend their time sitting around looking at monitors. They are generally off working with projects or users and will need to be paged or otherwise engaged. There could possibly be a delay in their reaction given the way they work, even though SmartDBA delivered them the information.
- Business Context is Considered: In this slide, we see that rules and prioritization criteria can be established in advance as a basis for automated event correlation responses. Information is also made available to both business operations and IT staff at a higher level and the resulting impact of the event on the business can be seen and considered by the operations staff, and possibly even a business process owner.
- Service Impact Modeling: In this slide, we note that the SIM (Service Impact Model) has taken the event and related it to the impacted services and gives the user a way to understand and visualize the impact to the business, so that appropriate management decisions can be made quickly and effectively, most likely as an automated process.
- Action is Taken: Based on the prioritization that has been determined via the SIM, work tickets can be opened in process management, often automatically and assigned a business relevant priority… If the resolution involves changes to the asset management records, or invokes a change management process, these too can be integrated into the reaction scenario. In this example, the resolution will involve two work groups (Storage Admin and DBA), so multiple tickets and records must be coordinated to effect the resolution. All of this activity can be monitored and managed from the help desk or operations center via Remedy information and sent to the people who will do the work.
- Problem Solved: The appropriate people take the actions specified using the management solutions that are tightly linked to the overall BSM process to quickly and efficiently execute the management process and bring the situation to closure.
- Summary: In this case we want to emphasize how the BSM solution brought clarity and focus to a complex situation with the potential to stop a critical business service. Multiple organizations were all effectively coordinated and decisions about priority and impact were made quickly and often automatically, so that the right people were engaged and the problem resolved before an outage could occur. By integrating SmartDBA tightly into this process, BMC provides an unmatched capability to not only do BSM reporting and analysis, it also integrates the ability to act into the overall process.
- Summary: In this slide we summarize our key messages and point out that the pieces to do this exist today. BMC has the vision and the technology to do this and our products are best of breed in their respective areas.
- Backup Material: This slide is a build that shows how the traditional BMC solutions (including SmartDBA), the Remedy solution, and the IT Masters solution are linked together.
- Development Priorities: This slide is also optional. The points to make here are that we have the key components available now. In the SmartDBA world, we are working to provide additional event information for sources that do not originate from PATROL or Mainview, and we are also working to make the load our database topology information directly available to the service model. The “Future Plans” items are meant as examples of the kinds of things this architecture will enable and should not be presented as committed plans.
- Wrap it up… Close with a reiteration of the key points… BSM brings organizational focus and alignment to the overall IT management process SmartDBA instruments and automates management of the DB components and consolidates their management for effective integration into the overall BSM environment SmartDBA capabilities bring value and ROI to the DBA and to the applications in and of themselves as best of breed management products…