This document provides an introduction and overview of key philosophical concepts and terminology relevant to understanding Mormon philosophy. It discusses logic, truths, fallacies, and major ethical theories like utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics. The introduction explains that the document is broken into four parts, with part one covering basic philosophical foundations. It aims to present Mormon theology and doctrine in a philosophical framework.
1) Hobbes argues that religion stems from the human imagination rather than being divine. He believes imagination creates superstitions from the unknown which perpetuates religious beliefs.
2) Hobbes thinks humans construct God in their image based on their limited senses and experiences. This makes religion a human creation rather than a mystery.
3) Hobbes also argues that religious beliefs arise from human fear of death and desire for security. People imagine an all-powerful God for protection, not because of divine revelation.
This chapter discusses theories of truth and justification. It covers the correspondence theory of truth, which states that a belief is true if it corresponds to facts in the real world. The coherence theory says a belief is true if it coheres with other beliefs. Justified true belief is traditionally seen as knowledge, but Gettier problems show this may be incomplete. Foundationalism and coherentism are theories of justification that appeal to either basic beliefs or a coherent web of beliefs respectively.
This document discusses arguments for the existence of God from a philosophical perspective. It outlines several common arguments including the ontological, teleological, cosmological, and moral arguments. It also discusses how humans can conceive of abstract concepts like love and emotions that have no physical form, and suggests this ability could also be an argument for why humans can conceive of God. However, the document concludes that while arguments can be made, the existence of God cannot be ultimately proven or disproven, just as absolute truth cannot be known. It compares the concept of faith in God to faith in science.
This document summarizes four approaches to handling theological questions not directly addressed in scripture:
1. What scripture does not prohibit is allowed - issues not directly addressed can be decided freely.
2. What scripture does not explicitly allow is forbidden - only practices explicitly permitted in scripture are acceptable.
3. Choosing approaches 1 and 2 simultaneously - inconsistently applying prohibition and permission based on the issue.
4. Deriving biblical principles from scripture to evaluate issues - examining overarching themes and values to guide decisions where scripture is silent. This approach takes both commandments and principles seriously to determine God's will.
This document outlines a philosophical manifesto aimed at helping readers develop their own philosophy through examination of key topics. It provides a 7-step method for philosophical analysis including defining questions, finding starting points, testing intuitions logically, and revising views. Some key topics discussed are knowledge and reality, personal identity, and beliefs about God. The goal is for readers to gain clarity on their core values and beliefs to achieve success and fulfillment through developing a strong sense of self and purpose.
Christian apologetics involves defending Christianity through reasoned arguments and evidence. There are various methodologies like classical, evidential, presuppositional, and reformed epistemology approaches. Classical apologetics uses arguments like the cosmological, teleological, ontological, and moral arguments to establish God and then Christianity. Evidential focuses on the resurrection evidence. Presuppositional says one must accept God to understand the world. Reformed epistemology says belief in God is properly basic. Defenders use minimal facts about Jesus' death, empty tomb, and appearances to argue for his resurrection.
This document provides an agenda for Class 10 of EWRT 2 that includes:
- Essay #1 is due Friday before noon and should be submitted through Kaizena in MLA format.
- A discussion of passages from Lao-Tzu's "Thoughts from the Tao-te Ching" and introducing the topic of Essay #2 on government.
- Instructions for submitting essays electronically and how the teacher will provide feedback through Kaizena.
- Information about forming new discussion teams and dividing up questions from the readings.
- Homework includes reading selections from Machiavelli and preparing questions from the readings.
This document provides an introduction and overview of key philosophical concepts and terminology relevant to understanding Mormon philosophy. It discusses logic, truths, fallacies, and major ethical theories like utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics. The introduction explains that the document is broken into four parts, with part one covering basic philosophical foundations. It aims to present Mormon theology and doctrine in a philosophical framework.
1) Hobbes argues that religion stems from the human imagination rather than being divine. He believes imagination creates superstitions from the unknown which perpetuates religious beliefs.
2) Hobbes thinks humans construct God in their image based on their limited senses and experiences. This makes religion a human creation rather than a mystery.
3) Hobbes also argues that religious beliefs arise from human fear of death and desire for security. People imagine an all-powerful God for protection, not because of divine revelation.
This chapter discusses theories of truth and justification. It covers the correspondence theory of truth, which states that a belief is true if it corresponds to facts in the real world. The coherence theory says a belief is true if it coheres with other beliefs. Justified true belief is traditionally seen as knowledge, but Gettier problems show this may be incomplete. Foundationalism and coherentism are theories of justification that appeal to either basic beliefs or a coherent web of beliefs respectively.
This document discusses arguments for the existence of God from a philosophical perspective. It outlines several common arguments including the ontological, teleological, cosmological, and moral arguments. It also discusses how humans can conceive of abstract concepts like love and emotions that have no physical form, and suggests this ability could also be an argument for why humans can conceive of God. However, the document concludes that while arguments can be made, the existence of God cannot be ultimately proven or disproven, just as absolute truth cannot be known. It compares the concept of faith in God to faith in science.
This document summarizes four approaches to handling theological questions not directly addressed in scripture:
1. What scripture does not prohibit is allowed - issues not directly addressed can be decided freely.
2. What scripture does not explicitly allow is forbidden - only practices explicitly permitted in scripture are acceptable.
3. Choosing approaches 1 and 2 simultaneously - inconsistently applying prohibition and permission based on the issue.
4. Deriving biblical principles from scripture to evaluate issues - examining overarching themes and values to guide decisions where scripture is silent. This approach takes both commandments and principles seriously to determine God's will.
This document outlines a philosophical manifesto aimed at helping readers develop their own philosophy through examination of key topics. It provides a 7-step method for philosophical analysis including defining questions, finding starting points, testing intuitions logically, and revising views. Some key topics discussed are knowledge and reality, personal identity, and beliefs about God. The goal is for readers to gain clarity on their core values and beliefs to achieve success and fulfillment through developing a strong sense of self and purpose.
Christian apologetics involves defending Christianity through reasoned arguments and evidence. There are various methodologies like classical, evidential, presuppositional, and reformed epistemology approaches. Classical apologetics uses arguments like the cosmological, teleological, ontological, and moral arguments to establish God and then Christianity. Evidential focuses on the resurrection evidence. Presuppositional says one must accept God to understand the world. Reformed epistemology says belief in God is properly basic. Defenders use minimal facts about Jesus' death, empty tomb, and appearances to argue for his resurrection.
This document provides an agenda for Class 10 of EWRT 2 that includes:
- Essay #1 is due Friday before noon and should be submitted through Kaizena in MLA format.
- A discussion of passages from Lao-Tzu's "Thoughts from the Tao-te Ching" and introducing the topic of Essay #2 on government.
- Instructions for submitting essays electronically and how the teacher will provide feedback through Kaizena.
- Information about forming new discussion teams and dividing up questions from the readings.
- Homework includes reading selections from Machiavelli and preparing questions from the readings.
This document provides an agenda for Class 10 of EWRT 2. It includes:
- Details on submitting Essay #1 through the Kaizena platform
- An introduction to discussing passages from Lao-Tzu's Tao Te Ching
- Instructions for forming new discussion teams
- An overview of the upcoming Essay #2 assignment on government using sources from Lao-Tzu and Machiavelli
- Homework of reading Machiavelli and preparing discussion questions
1) Spinoza argued that previous philosophers incorrectly assumed God to be non-physical or immaterial based on the idea that anything physical is finite. Spinoza claimed God's attribute of "extension" proved God was physical.
2) However, Spinoza did not sufficiently prove that extension necessitates a physical God. A better view may be that God encompasses all ideas of perfection, including different states of being.
3) The author proposes a new conception of God as being like the number zero - infinite, immeasurable, and the source of all things while being neither physical nor abstract. On this view, God contains all contradictions and attributes.
This document provides an overview and outline of topics covered in Chapter 4 of the textbook "Philosophy and God". The chapter discusses the significance of religion and examines arguments for and against the existence of God. It introduces the ontological, cosmological, and design arguments for God's existence, addressing objections and responses to each. Key concepts covered include defining religion, dimensions of religion, and distinguishing between religious belief and experience. The significance of the Big Bang theory in relation to cosmological arguments is also debated.
The document discusses Sun Myung Moon's view of the Bible and its authority. It makes three key points:
1) Moon acknowledged the Bible's authority but did not view it as inerrant. He saw the Bible as containing God's eternal truth, while its expression through human language could contain errors or limitations.
2) Moon believed interpreting the Bible was important to find the eternal truths behind its words. His interpretation of the Bible formed the basis of his Divine Principle teachings.
3) Moon's view is similar to some Christian traditions that distinguish between the Bible's content (God's truth) and its form of expression, rather than viewing the Bible itself as inerrant in every detail. This
This chapter discusses different philosophical views on the nature of reality. It outlines materialist views which argue that reality is ultimately composed of matter, as proposed by ancient Indian and Greek philosophers as well as later thinkers like Hobbes. Idealist views argue that reality is ultimately non-material or mental in nature, as proposed by philosophers like Berkeley and Vasubandhu. The chapter examines their arguments and objections to both materialism and idealism, such as difficulties in explaining consciousness under materialism or distinguishing perceptions from the objects perceived under subjective idealism. It also notes more recent challenges to traditional materialist atomic views from developments in physics.
This was for our Philosophy of Religion examination which required us to explain the arguments that prove God's existence: ontological argument ,cosmological argument ,teleological argument ,argument from conscience ,pragmatic argument ,argument from life’s crucial junctures , and argument from religious experience.
Discoverability Score
This document discusses Plantinga's argument for religious belief being properly basic. It summarizes that Plantinga rejects the idea that foundational beliefs must be self-evident or infallible. Instead, he argues that belief in God can be basic for a person and they can be rationally justified in believing in God without arguments. However, critics argue that many irrational beliefs like Santa or the Great Pumpkin could also be considered basic beliefs by these standards. While Plantinga provides examples of experiences that could ground religious belief, it is difficult to distinguish religious belief from other potentially irrational basic beliefs.
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PHIL 201 Quiz 6 Liberty University
PHIL 201 Quiz: Faith, Reason and Science
Module 6: Week 6
Dialogical views of faith and reason see the two as dialogue partners, primarily because both Scripture and creation are forms of revelation that originate from God.
Which Christian philosopher below, is NOT listed by the authors as one who pushes back on evidentialism?
The authors understand the concept of “faith” to be a kind of blind leap based on optimism and positive thinking.
Which figure is NOT listed as someone who holds to a “faith seeking understanding” view of faith and reason?
The “Warfare Thesis” is so named because:
Which church fathers are known for starting the debate over reason’s/philosophy’s role in faith and theology?
Which is one of the concerns about adopting pragmatism, given by the authors?
Which of the following is NOT a reason for viewing the relationship of faith and reason as a dialogue?
Evidentialism is an example of an internalist approach to justification.
Fideism comes from the Latin word des, which translates to “blind leap” in English.
The view of faith and reason the authors call “Reason as Magistrate” is characteristic of what time period in western history?
The authors push back on the “Warfare Thesis” with all of the points below EXCEPT?
A “theodicy” is:
Citing Gillespie, the authors note that William Paley’s design argument was effectively defeated by which figure?
Fine-Tuning arguments contend that evolution must be false because the bible says God created the world in 6 days.
The Intelligent Design movement challenges the explanatory sufficiency of:
Natural theology continues to be of great importance in the area of religious epistemology.
The authors note that since Hume is right – arguments from analogy never render complete certainty – they are unhelpful to apologists and should be avoided in favor of other arguments.
Natural Revelation and Natural Theology refer to the same concept; one is the philosophical term and the other is theological, but they refer to the same thing.
The authors note 3 distinct affirmations by Paul in Romans 1:18-21. Which is NOT one?
The “Weak-Analogy” objection says that design arguments rest on a bad analogy because nature is not analogous to:
The authors note that in John Calvin’s Institutes, Calvin says that all men innately have:
The authors quote Polkinghorne who argues that Natural theology’s collapse was due to what kind of discovery?
The “Problem of Evil” objection by Hume, according to the authors, gives responding apologists what kind of opportunity:
Which medieval philosopher-theologian argued that reason and philosophy should be used as a subservient partners or servants to theology?
THEO 525 Quiz 1,2,3,4 Liberty Homeworksimple.docxHomework Simple
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Rudolf Bultmann introduced the beginning of a movement known as:
Natural Theology is the effort to discern truth about God from from resources outside of the Bible.
This individual is considered to be the founder of modernism:
Match the following George Lindbeck Religion is a matter of “feeling” Religion is clearly pragmatic John Hick
Which of the following said that religion is a matter of moral judgments?
Which of the following is NOT given as one of the characteristics of modern theologies:
Which of the following suggests that the study of theology is needful?
Fill in the blank to complete Erickson’s analogy: Theology is to religion what .
As developed by Gabler, biblical theology attempted to make a distinction between
Using Elwell’s text, match the following (Constructing a theology): Paul Tillich Reformed Thomas Aquinas Karl Barth
Which of the following is not discussed in Erickson as one of the answers as to the “abiding element” of Christianity?
In Rennie’s discussion, which of the following is NOT one of the “entities” which comprise the theory of verbal inspiration?
Match the appropriate description or example with each attribute. Personality Life Infinity Constancy
Match the following: Communicable Attributes Natural Attributes Moral Attributes Transitive Attributes
R. Williams noted that from the perspective of Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Classical Protestantism, holiness has been viewed in a variety of ways. Match the following concepts with the best answer for each. Asceticism Mysticism Ecclesiastical Discipline Perfectionism
Erickson would agree that God is the Author of the Bible.
Match the following: Intuition Theory Illumination Theory Dynamic Theory Dictation Theory
Erickson would agree that God’s “truth” should be acknowledged regardless of where we find it-even if it is contained in a false religion.
Erickson argues that the locus of general revelation in the human is evident from:
Match with the best answer. Realism Nominalism God’s perfection God is real
The conscious intermediate state of the person between death and the resurrection is one of the principle evidences used to refute which view?
Using Erickson’s Text and McKim’s article, match the following: Erickson’s view Masterful Ideas Emanation Dualism
The Angelic Doctor was
Match the following: Providence as Preservation Specific Sovereignty General Sovereignty Open Theism
The Concept of “divine racism” was advanced by
Match the following: Trichotomism Dichotomism Monism Conditional Unity
According to Erickson, the Old Testament shows us that God is supremely powerful and that He is a personal God.
According to Erickson, to say that God’s plan is eternal is to say that it does not have a logical sequence.
Erickson and Pun both seem to prefer the view of “progressive
1
An Introduction to Philosophy
W. Russ Payne
Bellevue College
Copyright (cc by nc 4.0)
2015 W. Russ Payne
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document with attribution under the
terms of Creative Commons: Attribution Noncommercial 4.0 International or any later version of
this license. A copy of the license is found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
2
Contents
Introduction ………………………………………………. 3
Chapter 1: What Philosophy Is ………………………….. 5
Chapter 2: How to do Philosophy ………………….……. 11
Chapter 3: Ancient Philosophy ………………….………. 23
Chapter 4: Rationalism ………….………………….……. 38
Chapter 5: Empiricism …………………………………… 50
Chapter 6: Philosophy of Science ………………….…..… 58
Chapter 7: Philosophy of Mind …………………….……. 72
Chapter 8: Love and Happiness …………………….……. 79
Chapter 9: Meta Ethics …………………………………… 94
Chapter 10: Right Action ……………………...…………. 108
Chapter 11: Social Justice …………………………...…… 120
3
Introduction
The goal of this text is to present philosophy to newcomers as a living discipline with historical
roots. While a few early chapters are historically organized, my goal in the historical chapters is
to trace a developmental progression of thought that introduces basic philosophical methods and
frames issues that remain relevant today. Later chapters are topically organized. These include
philosophy of science and philosophy of mind, areas where philosophy has shown dramatic
recent progress.
This text concludes with four chapters on ethics, broadly construed. I cover traditional theories of
right action in the third of these. Students are first invited first to think about what is good for
themselves and their relationships in a chapter of love and happiness. Next a few meta-ethical
issues are considered; namely, whether they are moral truths and if so what makes them so. The
end of the ethics sequence addresses social justice, what it is for one’s community to be good.
Our sphere of concern expands progressively through these chapters. Our inquiry recapitulates
the course of development into moral maturity.
Over the course of the text I’ve tried to outline the continuity of thought that leads from the
historical roots of philosophy to a few of the diverse areas of inquiry that continue to make
significant contributions to our understanding of ourselves and the world we live in.
As an undergraduate philosophy major, one of my favorite professors once told me that
philosophers really do have an influence on how people think. I was pleased to hear that the kind
of inquiry I found interesting and rewarding might also be relevant to people’s lives and make a
difference in the world. Then he completed his thought, “it only takes about 300 years.” Over the
course of my teaching career, it has struck me that the opinions many of my students come to
class with have jus ...
1
An Introduction to Philosophy
W. Russ Payne
Bellevue College
Copyright (cc by nc 4.0)
2015 W. Russ Payne
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document with attribution under the
terms of Creative Commons: Attribution Noncommercial 4.0 International or any later version of
this license. A copy of the license is found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
2
Contents
Introduction ………………………………………………. 3
Chapter 1: What Philosophy Is ………………………….. 5
Chapter 2: How to do Philosophy ………………….……. 11
Chapter 3: Ancient Philosophy ………………….………. 23
Chapter 4: Rationalism ………….………………….……. 38
Chapter 5: Empiricism …………………………………… 50
Chapter 6: Philosophy of Science ………………….…..… 58
Chapter 7: Philosophy of Mind …………………….……. 72
Chapter 8: Love and Happiness …………………….……. 79
Chapter 9: Meta Ethics …………………………………… 94
Chapter 10: Right Action ……………………...…………. 108
Chapter 11: Social Justice …………………………...…… 120
3
Introduction
The goal of this text is to present philosophy to newcomers as a living discipline with historical
roots. While a few early chapters are historically organized, my goal in the historical chapters is
to trace a developmental progression of thought that introduces basic philosophical methods and
frames issues that remain relevant today. Later chapters are topically organized. These include
philosophy of science and philosophy of mind, areas where philosophy has shown dramatic
recent progress.
This text concludes with four chapters on ethics, broadly construed. I cover traditional theories of
right action in the third of these. Students are first invited first to think about what is good for
themselves and their relationships in a chapter of love and happiness. Next a few meta-ethical
issues are considered; namely, whether they are moral truths and if so what makes them so. The
end of the ethics sequence addresses social justice, what it is for one’s community to be good.
Our sphere of concern expands progressively through these chapters. Our inquiry recapitulates
the course of development into moral maturity.
Over the course of the text I’ve tried to outline the continuity of thought that leads from the
historical roots of philosophy to a few of the diverse areas of inquiry that continue to make
significant contributions to our understanding of ourselves and the world we live in.
As an undergraduate philosophy major, one of my favorite professors once told me that
philosophers really do have an influence on how people think. I was pleased to hear that the kind
of inquiry I found interesting and rewarding might also be relevant to people’s lives and make a
difference in the world. Then he completed his thought, “it only takes about 300 years.” Over the
course of my teaching career, it has struck me that the opinions many of my students come to
class with have jus ...
Short Speech on Save Trees and Save Planet EarthThis form of Speech On Save Trees And Save Planet Earth In English is useful for students in grades 4-7, as they can speak about the topic in a short time using simple words for everyone to understand.Good morning everyone, I ABC (mention your name) feel very fortunate to get this opportunity on this prestigious platform to speak on an important topic: Save Trees And Save Planet Earth. This planet has seen so many inventions and modern technologies that it is taking over, but none of it can do the work of the natural resources.Trees are one of the most important natural resources that give life to every living thing. We are so heavily dependent on this natural resource and in return, we are only destroying them by cutting them and harming the planet. The trees selflessly provide so many benefits to humans and humans selfishly repay this debt by cutting down trees. If this practice of deforestation continues and people don’t realize the need to give back to the planet by planting trees then there won’t be a planet to live on anymore. Trees protect the natural environment by balancing the pollution levels and purifying such harmful air that has been created due to manmade activities. It acts as a home and shelter to so many animals, helps in raising fertility of the soil naturally and we only cause harm to it. Let us all pledge to not continue this harmful activity and take the route of afforestation. Start by planting trees at home and in your neighborhood. Do it for the benefit of the environment and planet even if your efforts go unnoticed. Spread awareness about the importance of planting trees and start early. Save trees and save the planet.Thank you.Short Speech on Save Trees and Save Planet EarthThis form of Speech On Save Trees And Save Planet Earth In English is useful for students in grades 4-7, as they can speak about the topic in a short time using simple words for everyone to understand.Good morning everyone, I ABC (mention your name) feel very fortunate to get this opportunity on this prestigious platform to speak on an important topic: Save Trees And Save Planet Earth. This planet has seen so many inventions and modern technologies that it is taking over, but none of it can do the work of the natural resources.Trees are one of the most important natural resources that give life to every living thing. We are so heavily dependent on this natural resource and in return, we are only destroying them by cutting them and harming the planet. The trees selflessly provide so many benefits to humans and humans selfishly repay this debt by cutting down trees. If this practice of deforestation continues and people don’t realize the need to give back to the planet by planting trees then there won’t be a planet to live on anymore. Trees protect the natural environment by balancing the pollution levels and purifying such harmful air that has been created due to manmade activities. It acts as a home and
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RLGN 105 Quiz 2 / Test 2
RLGN 105 Quiz: Defining Worldview
Worldview is:
A worldview can be presented as a story or a set of presuppositions
The basic biblical doctrine of the “Trinity” is that the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit are/is:
Christianity affirms the existence of absolute truth.
According to the Ryken, not all Christians have a clear understanding of the Christian worldview.
The question of Origin is seeking to know the Founder of the worldview?
Worldviews are inherently anti-religious in nature.
A worldview helps one see the big picture about:
Ryken states that “the main theme of Scripture is________________’
According to Ryken, his book is written explicitly for Christians, but that it may also help non- Christians understand the way Christians look at the world.
Ryken finds the resonance of the concept of “worldview” in the church to be surprising and odd.
Everybody has a worldview.
According to Ryken, Theologians often divide human experience into these categories.
According to Ryken, Christianity is a ___________________ view of reality
Worldviews always work together, regardless of the differences.
According to Ryken, Worldview is a matter of the:
There are areas where the Christian worldview overlaps with non-Christian thought.
The question of Origin addresses the question, “what culture did I grow up in?”
Which of the following is not one of the five worldview questions that helps a person to determine someone’s worldview?
The term “Worldview” first appeared in the philosophical writings of:
The Christian worldview begins with the existence of God.
Creation of the world is an example of how God has revealed Himself to mankind through “special revelation”.
How people choose to do things reveals their worldview, but how they respond to situations does not.
The concept of the “Trinity” is shared by other monotheistic worldview such as Judaism and Islam.
At times people may see a difference between our functional worldview and our theoretical worldview
The document summarizes an inspection of 5 bolted tanks at a museum. The inspection found issues with the data plates and corrosion on some of the tanks. Recommendations were made to replace missing data plates, repair corrosion, and improve safety measures like installing railings and ladders. Overall, the tanks were in fair condition but some repairs were needed to ensure continued safe operation.
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PHIL 201 Quiz 5 Liberty University
PHIL 201 Quiz: Reality, Freedom and Personhood
Module 5: Week 5
Which of the following is not true of materialism:
David Hume argued that humans are a composite of a material body and an immaterial soul.
Which theory of perception endorses the claim that when we perceive an object we are directly aware of a mind-independent object?
As a Christian, it doesn’t matter what one thinks about the nature of reality.
Which of the following sub-disciplines of philosophy studies the nature and structure of reality?
One worry associated with Christian versions of idealism is that it is panentheistic.
(T/F) According to the fictionalists about abstract objects, “2+2=4” is meaningful, but not literally true.
According to Berkeleyan Idealism:
The Indispensibility Argument is an argument in favor of which of the following views?
Agent causation in a plausible “extra factor” added to the account of libertarian freedom in order to make sense of how actions can be free and non-arbitrary.
Frankfurt-style counter-examples, if true, show that:
The open theist endorses all but which one of the following claims?
The soft determinist thinks there is freedom yet we are determined.
Which of the following is not a necessary condition for libertarian freedom, as discussed in the chapter?
Which of the following views thinks incompatibilism is true, is unsure whether determinism is true or false, yet either way, denies the reality of genuine freedom?
According to physical determinism, the future is fixed
Two plausible conditions for genuine freedom are:
Functionalism defines minds as those entities capable of:
This view suggests that the best way to handle mental properties and mental states is simply to deny them altogether.
Plato and Descartes are two famous defenders of what view in the philosophy of mind?
If minds are only “entities that facilitate rational processes and process intelligent functions” then computers could be considered minds.
This view is most common among Christian materialists.
According to L. R. Baker, what are the two distinct qualities of humans which nonperson animals do not possess?
Hylomorphism is sometimes regarded as a version of dualism and sometimes regarded as a version of materialism.
John Locke adopted the view of persons known as “psychological continuity” which is the view that:
1. Philosophy is related to many other fields of study. .pdfakhilc61
1. Philosophy is related to many other fields of study.
True or False
2. One’s ordinary beliefs are philosophical beliefs.
True or False
3. Philosophical beliefs support many of one’s ordinary beliefs.
True or False
4. A reasonable belief is justified by reasons.
True or False
5. Philosophical thinking is
a. about familiar topics
b. about a highly specialized subject matter
c. only for professional philosophers
d. irrelevant to physics
6. A reasonable belief
a. is a belief that many people have
b. is a belief that no one else has
c. is a belief that supports many other beliefs
d. is a belief for which a good reason can be given
7. According to Socrates, moral questions can and should be settled by reason.
True or False
8. Before the Greeks there were no Philosophy attempts in the world.
True or False
9. Plato believed that ideas, and the material world come from nowhere.
True or False
10. In what does happiness consist, according to Aristotle?
a. experiencing pleasure and not experiencing pain
b. achieving one’s goals and being honored by one’s community for having done so
c. the excellent activity of the rational part of the soul
d. health, wealth, and time to enjoy them
11. Which of the following bits of practical advice does Aristotle give for becoming more
virtuous?
a. undertake a careful study of moral philosophy
b. aim away from the extreme you feel yourself naturally drawn toward
c. before performing any action, consider how you would feel if someone did the same thing to
you
d. refrain from all sensual pleasures to devote yourself more completely to the life of the mind
12. In what sense is moral virtue a “mean,” according to Aristotle?
a. it occupies the middle ground between excessive and deficient possibilities of feeling and
acting
b. it corresponds to what the average person ought to do in any given situation
c. it corresponds to what ordinary common sense recommends in any given situation
d. it is not incompatible with moderate amounts of vice
13. The pre-Socratics were mostly concerned with
a. art, music, culture
b. ethics, morality and the good life
c. how to understand the world through questions about the matter of reality
d. society and politics
14. The Sophists
a. were philosophers that believed you could prove almost anything with a good argument
b. thought that Philosophy was a useful, practical tool for personal gain
c. where somewhat skeptical about absolute knowledge
d. all of the above
ESSAY QUESTIONS – Choose 3 out of 5. Your answer should be between 100-250 (anything
between is acceptable) words. Not more!(30%, 10 points each)
1. Would it have been unjust for Socrates to escape? If you think it would have been, explain
your position on whether it is ever morally appropriate to disobey the law. If you think Socrates
could have escaped without committing an injustice, explain why. Is there some argument Crito
could have made but didn’t?
2. Your nation is at war, and your number in the recently reinstated military dra.
This document provides an introduction to a course on philosophy. It defines philosophy as the love of wisdom and the search for meaning. It outlines the course, which will cover definitions of philosophy, why it is studied, its major fields and issues. It discusses perceptions of philosophy and provides reminders for students. Specifically, it emphasizes developing skills in analysis, criticism and synthesis through careful reading. It also explains how the study of philosophy helps prepare students for theological studies by developing rigorous thinking habits and understanding philosophical foundations of religious doctrines.
theology one powerpoint 2011 final with video and quiz.pptxMark Shaw
This document provides an overview of an online theology course. It outlines the objectives of the lesson which are to define theology, describe narrative theology, understand course requirements, and explain the relevance of theology for life and work. It previews the topics to be covered which include doing theology in Africa and a case study on how theology shapes life. The document provides discussion questions, a quiz, and suggests taking action steps like completing readings, spiritual disciplines, and the next online lesson.
Does life have meaning What can we know Please read and review .docxmadlynplamondon
Does life have meaning? What can we know? Please read and review the following essays from your text, Introducing Philosophy through Pop Culture, [Edited by Irwin and Johnson]: [1] Aquinas and Rose on Faith and Reason, by Daniel B. Gallagher, [2] “I Am an Instrument of God”; Religious Belief, Atheism, and Meaning, by Jason T. Eberl and Jennifer A. Vines, [3] Selfish, Base Animals Crawling Across the Earth: House and the Meaning of Life, by Henry Jacoby, and [4] Adama’s True Lie: Earth and the Problem of Knowledge, by Eric J. Silverman.
[a] Each of these essays dissects differing concepts of knowledge and meaning. Use characters from the first three (3) of the above essays to contrast the differing concepts of knowledge and meaning illustrated by the author and the appropriate philosophers cited in the particular essays you chose. For example, in the first reading, one might choose to contrast/compare the opposing views of knowledge illustrated by Bernard and Rose. The comparison would, most appropriately, be viewed through the concepts of Aquinas discussed in detail in Gallagher’s particular essay. Likewise, in the second reading the views of Adama and Baltar could be contrasted with those of Roslin and Six through the teachings of Aquinas, Hume, and Russell. In the third reading the different concepts of meaning and knowledge exhibited by House and Wilson (or Sister Augustine) can be contrasted through the perspectives of Socrates and Aristotle.
[b] The fourth reading cites the views of David Hume, W. K. Clifford, and William James concerning knowledge as such knowledge contributes to life’s meaning. Clearly explain these views of each philosopher. [Note: The student is not required to research these philosophers’ views beyond the explanations given in the text.]
[c] Using the appropriate characters you chose to compare and contrast (in part [a] of this prompt), critically examine the positions/views of these pop culture characters as you believe Hume, Clifford, and James would do. What might each of these philosophers say about each character’s concept of knowledge and what each character most likely perceives gives meaning to life?
[CJ499: Bachelors Capstone in Criminal Justice ]
Unit 4 Assignment: Short Paper
In a 3 – 4 page paper address the following:
Identify and describe five scientific methods of research inquiry and how you would apply them
to a research project.
Be sure to provide examples.
Develop a hypothesis focused on the professional practices of criminal justice practitioners.
o An example of a hypothesis would be: you could propose a hypothesis that focuses on
whether law enforcement is better equipped to handle terrorism post 9/11 or whether
airline safety has improved since the attacks of 9/11, etc.
Then select two methods of inquiries and how you would apply them to your hypothesis to
reach a conclusion. The paper should be 3 pages in length, excluding title and reference
pages. ...
Introduction to Philosophy Philosophy 1301DEPhil.docxmariuse18nolet
Introduction to Philosophy: Philosophy 1301:DE
Philosophy 1301Danny Brown: ProfessorM.A. Philosophy- University of HoustonB.A. Philosophy- North Carolina State University B.A. Communications- North Carolina State University
Philosophy is the critical and rational examination of the most fundamental assumptions that underlie our lives, an activity of concern to men and women of all cultures and races.
-- Velasquez
Survey CourseThe Introduction to Philosophy class is a survey course designed to familiarize students with the various fields in philosophy and with those philosophers associated with them. It should also enable students to develop skills in logic and critical thinking.
PHILOSOPHYMy Mini-definition:The History of human thought.How do we (humans) think about and of ourselves as human beings.What, if any, is our purpose in the universe.How do we view the world around us.
What is Philosophy?Philosophy is a 5,000 year old academic tradition that systematically analyzes the very foundational questions of human existence.Philosophy seeks clarity on issues ranging from the existence of God, the validity of scientific knowledge, arguments over right and wrong, and the existence of the soul.
Philosophy 1301“Philosophy” is a combination of two ancient Greek words, “Philein” and “Sophia”, which mean “love of wisdom.”“Hard thinking” -- Alvin Plantinga
Analysis and critique of fundamental
beliefs and concepts.
What is Philosophy?It is an enterprise which starts with wonder at the mystery and marvel of the world.
Philosophy pursues a rational investigation of those mysteries and marvels, seeking wisdom and truth.
What is Philosophy?If the quest is successful, it results in a live lived in passionate moral and intellectual integrity.
Believing that “the unexamined life is not worth living,” the philosophy leaves no facet of live untouched by its probing glance.
What philosophy is notNot mere speculationOffer reasonsPeer review
Not Dogmatic
Preview of Things to ComeWhy be moral?What is the best form of political organization?Is there an afterlife, and if so, what is its nature?What is the meaning of life?
Does God Exist?
How Does the Mind Relate to the Body?
What Is Real? (What Actually Exists?)
So Why Study Philosophy?
Some ReasonsCritical thinking skills, writing skills and speaking skillsLiberation from prejudice and provincialism.Expansion of one’s horizonUnderstanding Society
Not usually taught before college
Guard against propaganda Intrinsically interesting
Helps fulfill our “self actualization” needs (Abraham Maslow)
Critical Thinking
In most academic subjects, students are taught what to think, rather than how to think.
The goal of philosophy:Autonomy
The freedom of being able to decide for yourself what you will believe in by using your own reasoning abilities.
In other words, learn to think for yourself.
Traditional Divisions of PhilosophyEp.
This document provides an overview of philosophy as a discipline of questioning. It discusses philosophy as the love of wisdom derived from two Greek words. Philosophy involves questioning, which is the core of philosophical inquiry. Authentic questions must be for the sake of knowledge. The philosophical method uses logic to arrive at clear answers through questioning. Philosophy can be explained as an unending series of questions where answers become new questions. It is also personal as philosophical concepts differ between individuals. Elements of improved philosophical reasoning include being objective, systematic, and following scientific thinking rules. The major branches of philosophy are metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics. The three ultimate questions in philosophy are what can we know, what is good, and what is real.
This document provides an agenda for Class 10 of EWRT 2. It includes:
- Details on submitting Essay #1 through the Kaizena platform
- An introduction to discussing passages from Lao-Tzu's Tao Te Ching
- Instructions for forming new discussion teams
- An overview of the upcoming Essay #2 assignment on government using sources from Lao-Tzu and Machiavelli
- Homework of reading Machiavelli and preparing discussion questions
1) Spinoza argued that previous philosophers incorrectly assumed God to be non-physical or immaterial based on the idea that anything physical is finite. Spinoza claimed God's attribute of "extension" proved God was physical.
2) However, Spinoza did not sufficiently prove that extension necessitates a physical God. A better view may be that God encompasses all ideas of perfection, including different states of being.
3) The author proposes a new conception of God as being like the number zero - infinite, immeasurable, and the source of all things while being neither physical nor abstract. On this view, God contains all contradictions and attributes.
This document provides an overview and outline of topics covered in Chapter 4 of the textbook "Philosophy and God". The chapter discusses the significance of religion and examines arguments for and against the existence of God. It introduces the ontological, cosmological, and design arguments for God's existence, addressing objections and responses to each. Key concepts covered include defining religion, dimensions of religion, and distinguishing between religious belief and experience. The significance of the Big Bang theory in relation to cosmological arguments is also debated.
The document discusses Sun Myung Moon's view of the Bible and its authority. It makes three key points:
1) Moon acknowledged the Bible's authority but did not view it as inerrant. He saw the Bible as containing God's eternal truth, while its expression through human language could contain errors or limitations.
2) Moon believed interpreting the Bible was important to find the eternal truths behind its words. His interpretation of the Bible formed the basis of his Divine Principle teachings.
3) Moon's view is similar to some Christian traditions that distinguish between the Bible's content (God's truth) and its form of expression, rather than viewing the Bible itself as inerrant in every detail. This
This chapter discusses different philosophical views on the nature of reality. It outlines materialist views which argue that reality is ultimately composed of matter, as proposed by ancient Indian and Greek philosophers as well as later thinkers like Hobbes. Idealist views argue that reality is ultimately non-material or mental in nature, as proposed by philosophers like Berkeley and Vasubandhu. The chapter examines their arguments and objections to both materialism and idealism, such as difficulties in explaining consciousness under materialism or distinguishing perceptions from the objects perceived under subjective idealism. It also notes more recent challenges to traditional materialist atomic views from developments in physics.
This was for our Philosophy of Religion examination which required us to explain the arguments that prove God's existence: ontological argument ,cosmological argument ,teleological argument ,argument from conscience ,pragmatic argument ,argument from life’s crucial junctures , and argument from religious experience.
Discoverability Score
This document discusses Plantinga's argument for religious belief being properly basic. It summarizes that Plantinga rejects the idea that foundational beliefs must be self-evident or infallible. Instead, he argues that belief in God can be basic for a person and they can be rationally justified in believing in God without arguments. However, critics argue that many irrational beliefs like Santa or the Great Pumpkin could also be considered basic beliefs by these standards. While Plantinga provides examples of experiences that could ground religious belief, it is difficult to distinguish religious belief from other potentially irrational basic beliefs.
PHIL 201 Quiz 6 Liberty University Homeworksimple.comHomework Simple
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PHIL 201 Quiz 6 Liberty University
PHIL 201 Quiz: Faith, Reason and Science
Module 6: Week 6
Dialogical views of faith and reason see the two as dialogue partners, primarily because both Scripture and creation are forms of revelation that originate from God.
Which Christian philosopher below, is NOT listed by the authors as one who pushes back on evidentialism?
The authors understand the concept of “faith” to be a kind of blind leap based on optimism and positive thinking.
Which figure is NOT listed as someone who holds to a “faith seeking understanding” view of faith and reason?
The “Warfare Thesis” is so named because:
Which church fathers are known for starting the debate over reason’s/philosophy’s role in faith and theology?
Which is one of the concerns about adopting pragmatism, given by the authors?
Which of the following is NOT a reason for viewing the relationship of faith and reason as a dialogue?
Evidentialism is an example of an internalist approach to justification.
Fideism comes from the Latin word des, which translates to “blind leap” in English.
The view of faith and reason the authors call “Reason as Magistrate” is characteristic of what time period in western history?
The authors push back on the “Warfare Thesis” with all of the points below EXCEPT?
A “theodicy” is:
Citing Gillespie, the authors note that William Paley’s design argument was effectively defeated by which figure?
Fine-Tuning arguments contend that evolution must be false because the bible says God created the world in 6 days.
The Intelligent Design movement challenges the explanatory sufficiency of:
Natural theology continues to be of great importance in the area of religious epistemology.
The authors note that since Hume is right – arguments from analogy never render complete certainty – they are unhelpful to apologists and should be avoided in favor of other arguments.
Natural Revelation and Natural Theology refer to the same concept; one is the philosophical term and the other is theological, but they refer to the same thing.
The authors note 3 distinct affirmations by Paul in Romans 1:18-21. Which is NOT one?
The “Weak-Analogy” objection says that design arguments rest on a bad analogy because nature is not analogous to:
The authors note that in John Calvin’s Institutes, Calvin says that all men innately have:
The authors quote Polkinghorne who argues that Natural theology’s collapse was due to what kind of discovery?
The “Problem of Evil” objection by Hume, according to the authors, gives responding apologists what kind of opportunity:
Which medieval philosopher-theologian argued that reason and philosophy should be used as a subservient partners or servants to theology?
THEO 525 Quiz 1,2,3,4 Liberty Homeworksimple.docxHomework Simple
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Rudolf Bultmann introduced the beginning of a movement known as:
Natural Theology is the effort to discern truth about God from from resources outside of the Bible.
This individual is considered to be the founder of modernism:
Match the following George Lindbeck Religion is a matter of “feeling” Religion is clearly pragmatic John Hick
Which of the following said that religion is a matter of moral judgments?
Which of the following is NOT given as one of the characteristics of modern theologies:
Which of the following suggests that the study of theology is needful?
Fill in the blank to complete Erickson’s analogy: Theology is to religion what .
As developed by Gabler, biblical theology attempted to make a distinction between
Using Elwell’s text, match the following (Constructing a theology): Paul Tillich Reformed Thomas Aquinas Karl Barth
Which of the following is not discussed in Erickson as one of the answers as to the “abiding element” of Christianity?
In Rennie’s discussion, which of the following is NOT one of the “entities” which comprise the theory of verbal inspiration?
Match the appropriate description or example with each attribute. Personality Life Infinity Constancy
Match the following: Communicable Attributes Natural Attributes Moral Attributes Transitive Attributes
R. Williams noted that from the perspective of Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Classical Protestantism, holiness has been viewed in a variety of ways. Match the following concepts with the best answer for each. Asceticism Mysticism Ecclesiastical Discipline Perfectionism
Erickson would agree that God is the Author of the Bible.
Match the following: Intuition Theory Illumination Theory Dynamic Theory Dictation Theory
Erickson would agree that God’s “truth” should be acknowledged regardless of where we find it-even if it is contained in a false religion.
Erickson argues that the locus of general revelation in the human is evident from:
Match with the best answer. Realism Nominalism God’s perfection God is real
The conscious intermediate state of the person between death and the resurrection is one of the principle evidences used to refute which view?
Using Erickson’s Text and McKim’s article, match the following: Erickson’s view Masterful Ideas Emanation Dualism
The Angelic Doctor was
Match the following: Providence as Preservation Specific Sovereignty General Sovereignty Open Theism
The Concept of “divine racism” was advanced by
Match the following: Trichotomism Dichotomism Monism Conditional Unity
According to Erickson, the Old Testament shows us that God is supremely powerful and that He is a personal God.
According to Erickson, to say that God’s plan is eternal is to say that it does not have a logical sequence.
Erickson and Pun both seem to prefer the view of “progressive
1
An Introduction to Philosophy
W. Russ Payne
Bellevue College
Copyright (cc by nc 4.0)
2015 W. Russ Payne
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document with attribution under the
terms of Creative Commons: Attribution Noncommercial 4.0 International or any later version of
this license. A copy of the license is found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
2
Contents
Introduction ………………………………………………. 3
Chapter 1: What Philosophy Is ………………………….. 5
Chapter 2: How to do Philosophy ………………….……. 11
Chapter 3: Ancient Philosophy ………………….………. 23
Chapter 4: Rationalism ………….………………….……. 38
Chapter 5: Empiricism …………………………………… 50
Chapter 6: Philosophy of Science ………………….…..… 58
Chapter 7: Philosophy of Mind …………………….……. 72
Chapter 8: Love and Happiness …………………….……. 79
Chapter 9: Meta Ethics …………………………………… 94
Chapter 10: Right Action ……………………...…………. 108
Chapter 11: Social Justice …………………………...…… 120
3
Introduction
The goal of this text is to present philosophy to newcomers as a living discipline with historical
roots. While a few early chapters are historically organized, my goal in the historical chapters is
to trace a developmental progression of thought that introduces basic philosophical methods and
frames issues that remain relevant today. Later chapters are topically organized. These include
philosophy of science and philosophy of mind, areas where philosophy has shown dramatic
recent progress.
This text concludes with four chapters on ethics, broadly construed. I cover traditional theories of
right action in the third of these. Students are first invited first to think about what is good for
themselves and their relationships in a chapter of love and happiness. Next a few meta-ethical
issues are considered; namely, whether they are moral truths and if so what makes them so. The
end of the ethics sequence addresses social justice, what it is for one’s community to be good.
Our sphere of concern expands progressively through these chapters. Our inquiry recapitulates
the course of development into moral maturity.
Over the course of the text I’ve tried to outline the continuity of thought that leads from the
historical roots of philosophy to a few of the diverse areas of inquiry that continue to make
significant contributions to our understanding of ourselves and the world we live in.
As an undergraduate philosophy major, one of my favorite professors once told me that
philosophers really do have an influence on how people think. I was pleased to hear that the kind
of inquiry I found interesting and rewarding might also be relevant to people’s lives and make a
difference in the world. Then he completed his thought, “it only takes about 300 years.” Over the
course of my teaching career, it has struck me that the opinions many of my students come to
class with have jus ...
1
An Introduction to Philosophy
W. Russ Payne
Bellevue College
Copyright (cc by nc 4.0)
2015 W. Russ Payne
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document with attribution under the
terms of Creative Commons: Attribution Noncommercial 4.0 International or any later version of
this license. A copy of the license is found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
2
Contents
Introduction ………………………………………………. 3
Chapter 1: What Philosophy Is ………………………….. 5
Chapter 2: How to do Philosophy ………………….……. 11
Chapter 3: Ancient Philosophy ………………….………. 23
Chapter 4: Rationalism ………….………………….……. 38
Chapter 5: Empiricism …………………………………… 50
Chapter 6: Philosophy of Science ………………….…..… 58
Chapter 7: Philosophy of Mind …………………….……. 72
Chapter 8: Love and Happiness …………………….……. 79
Chapter 9: Meta Ethics …………………………………… 94
Chapter 10: Right Action ……………………...…………. 108
Chapter 11: Social Justice …………………………...…… 120
3
Introduction
The goal of this text is to present philosophy to newcomers as a living discipline with historical
roots. While a few early chapters are historically organized, my goal in the historical chapters is
to trace a developmental progression of thought that introduces basic philosophical methods and
frames issues that remain relevant today. Later chapters are topically organized. These include
philosophy of science and philosophy of mind, areas where philosophy has shown dramatic
recent progress.
This text concludes with four chapters on ethics, broadly construed. I cover traditional theories of
right action in the third of these. Students are first invited first to think about what is good for
themselves and their relationships in a chapter of love and happiness. Next a few meta-ethical
issues are considered; namely, whether they are moral truths and if so what makes them so. The
end of the ethics sequence addresses social justice, what it is for one’s community to be good.
Our sphere of concern expands progressively through these chapters. Our inquiry recapitulates
the course of development into moral maturity.
Over the course of the text I’ve tried to outline the continuity of thought that leads from the
historical roots of philosophy to a few of the diverse areas of inquiry that continue to make
significant contributions to our understanding of ourselves and the world we live in.
As an undergraduate philosophy major, one of my favorite professors once told me that
philosophers really do have an influence on how people think. I was pleased to hear that the kind
of inquiry I found interesting and rewarding might also be relevant to people’s lives and make a
difference in the world. Then he completed his thought, “it only takes about 300 years.” Over the
course of my teaching career, it has struck me that the opinions many of my students come to
class with have jus ...
Short Speech on Save Trees and Save Planet EarthThis form of Speech On Save Trees And Save Planet Earth In English is useful for students in grades 4-7, as they can speak about the topic in a short time using simple words for everyone to understand.Good morning everyone, I ABC (mention your name) feel very fortunate to get this opportunity on this prestigious platform to speak on an important topic: Save Trees And Save Planet Earth. This planet has seen so many inventions and modern technologies that it is taking over, but none of it can do the work of the natural resources.Trees are one of the most important natural resources that give life to every living thing. We are so heavily dependent on this natural resource and in return, we are only destroying them by cutting them and harming the planet. The trees selflessly provide so many benefits to humans and humans selfishly repay this debt by cutting down trees. If this practice of deforestation continues and people don’t realize the need to give back to the planet by planting trees then there won’t be a planet to live on anymore. Trees protect the natural environment by balancing the pollution levels and purifying such harmful air that has been created due to manmade activities. It acts as a home and shelter to so many animals, helps in raising fertility of the soil naturally and we only cause harm to it. Let us all pledge to not continue this harmful activity and take the route of afforestation. Start by planting trees at home and in your neighborhood. Do it for the benefit of the environment and planet even if your efforts go unnoticed. Spread awareness about the importance of planting trees and start early. Save trees and save the planet.Thank you.Short Speech on Save Trees and Save Planet EarthThis form of Speech On Save Trees And Save Planet Earth In English is useful for students in grades 4-7, as they can speak about the topic in a short time using simple words for everyone to understand.Good morning everyone, I ABC (mention your name) feel very fortunate to get this opportunity on this prestigious platform to speak on an important topic: Save Trees And Save Planet Earth. This planet has seen so many inventions and modern technologies that it is taking over, but none of it can do the work of the natural resources.Trees are one of the most important natural resources that give life to every living thing. We are so heavily dependent on this natural resource and in return, we are only destroying them by cutting them and harming the planet. The trees selflessly provide so many benefits to humans and humans selfishly repay this debt by cutting down trees. If this practice of deforestation continues and people don’t realize the need to give back to the planet by planting trees then there won’t be a planet to live on anymore. Trees protect the natural environment by balancing the pollution levels and purifying such harmful air that has been created due to manmade activities. It acts as a home and
RLGN 104 Quiz 2 Critical Thinking Liberty homeworksimple.com.docxHomework Simple
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RLGN 105 Quiz 2 / Test 2
RLGN 105 Quiz: Defining Worldview
Worldview is:
A worldview can be presented as a story or a set of presuppositions
The basic biblical doctrine of the “Trinity” is that the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit are/is:
Christianity affirms the existence of absolute truth.
According to the Ryken, not all Christians have a clear understanding of the Christian worldview.
The question of Origin is seeking to know the Founder of the worldview?
Worldviews are inherently anti-religious in nature.
A worldview helps one see the big picture about:
Ryken states that “the main theme of Scripture is________________’
According to Ryken, his book is written explicitly for Christians, but that it may also help non- Christians understand the way Christians look at the world.
Ryken finds the resonance of the concept of “worldview” in the church to be surprising and odd.
Everybody has a worldview.
According to Ryken, Theologians often divide human experience into these categories.
According to Ryken, Christianity is a ___________________ view of reality
Worldviews always work together, regardless of the differences.
According to Ryken, Worldview is a matter of the:
There are areas where the Christian worldview overlaps with non-Christian thought.
The question of Origin addresses the question, “what culture did I grow up in?”
Which of the following is not one of the five worldview questions that helps a person to determine someone’s worldview?
The term “Worldview” first appeared in the philosophical writings of:
The Christian worldview begins with the existence of God.
Creation of the world is an example of how God has revealed Himself to mankind through “special revelation”.
How people choose to do things reveals their worldview, but how they respond to situations does not.
The concept of the “Trinity” is shared by other monotheistic worldview such as Judaism and Islam.
At times people may see a difference between our functional worldview and our theoretical worldview
The document summarizes an inspection of 5 bolted tanks at a museum. The inspection found issues with the data plates and corrosion on some of the tanks. Recommendations were made to replace missing data plates, repair corrosion, and improve safety measures like installing railings and ladders. Overall, the tanks were in fair condition but some repairs were needed to ensure continued safe operation.
PHIL 201 Quiz 5 Liberty University Homeworksimple.comHomework Simple
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PHIL 201 Quiz 5 Liberty University
PHIL 201 Quiz: Reality, Freedom and Personhood
Module 5: Week 5
Which of the following is not true of materialism:
David Hume argued that humans are a composite of a material body and an immaterial soul.
Which theory of perception endorses the claim that when we perceive an object we are directly aware of a mind-independent object?
As a Christian, it doesn’t matter what one thinks about the nature of reality.
Which of the following sub-disciplines of philosophy studies the nature and structure of reality?
One worry associated with Christian versions of idealism is that it is panentheistic.
(T/F) According to the fictionalists about abstract objects, “2+2=4” is meaningful, but not literally true.
According to Berkeleyan Idealism:
The Indispensibility Argument is an argument in favor of which of the following views?
Agent causation in a plausible “extra factor” added to the account of libertarian freedom in order to make sense of how actions can be free and non-arbitrary.
Frankfurt-style counter-examples, if true, show that:
The open theist endorses all but which one of the following claims?
The soft determinist thinks there is freedom yet we are determined.
Which of the following is not a necessary condition for libertarian freedom, as discussed in the chapter?
Which of the following views thinks incompatibilism is true, is unsure whether determinism is true or false, yet either way, denies the reality of genuine freedom?
According to physical determinism, the future is fixed
Two plausible conditions for genuine freedom are:
Functionalism defines minds as those entities capable of:
This view suggests that the best way to handle mental properties and mental states is simply to deny them altogether.
Plato and Descartes are two famous defenders of what view in the philosophy of mind?
If minds are only “entities that facilitate rational processes and process intelligent functions” then computers could be considered minds.
This view is most common among Christian materialists.
According to L. R. Baker, what are the two distinct qualities of humans which nonperson animals do not possess?
Hylomorphism is sometimes regarded as a version of dualism and sometimes regarded as a version of materialism.
John Locke adopted the view of persons known as “psychological continuity” which is the view that:
1. Philosophy is related to many other fields of study. .pdfakhilc61
1. Philosophy is related to many other fields of study.
True or False
2. One’s ordinary beliefs are philosophical beliefs.
True or False
3. Philosophical beliefs support many of one’s ordinary beliefs.
True or False
4. A reasonable belief is justified by reasons.
True or False
5. Philosophical thinking is
a. about familiar topics
b. about a highly specialized subject matter
c. only for professional philosophers
d. irrelevant to physics
6. A reasonable belief
a. is a belief that many people have
b. is a belief that no one else has
c. is a belief that supports many other beliefs
d. is a belief for which a good reason can be given
7. According to Socrates, moral questions can and should be settled by reason.
True or False
8. Before the Greeks there were no Philosophy attempts in the world.
True or False
9. Plato believed that ideas, and the material world come from nowhere.
True or False
10. In what does happiness consist, according to Aristotle?
a. experiencing pleasure and not experiencing pain
b. achieving one’s goals and being honored by one’s community for having done so
c. the excellent activity of the rational part of the soul
d. health, wealth, and time to enjoy them
11. Which of the following bits of practical advice does Aristotle give for becoming more
virtuous?
a. undertake a careful study of moral philosophy
b. aim away from the extreme you feel yourself naturally drawn toward
c. before performing any action, consider how you would feel if someone did the same thing to
you
d. refrain from all sensual pleasures to devote yourself more completely to the life of the mind
12. In what sense is moral virtue a “mean,” according to Aristotle?
a. it occupies the middle ground between excessive and deficient possibilities of feeling and
acting
b. it corresponds to what the average person ought to do in any given situation
c. it corresponds to what ordinary common sense recommends in any given situation
d. it is not incompatible with moderate amounts of vice
13. The pre-Socratics were mostly concerned with
a. art, music, culture
b. ethics, morality and the good life
c. how to understand the world through questions about the matter of reality
d. society and politics
14. The Sophists
a. were philosophers that believed you could prove almost anything with a good argument
b. thought that Philosophy was a useful, practical tool for personal gain
c. where somewhat skeptical about absolute knowledge
d. all of the above
ESSAY QUESTIONS – Choose 3 out of 5. Your answer should be between 100-250 (anything
between is acceptable) words. Not more!(30%, 10 points each)
1. Would it have been unjust for Socrates to escape? If you think it would have been, explain
your position on whether it is ever morally appropriate to disobey the law. If you think Socrates
could have escaped without committing an injustice, explain why. Is there some argument Crito
could have made but didn’t?
2. Your nation is at war, and your number in the recently reinstated military dra.
This document provides an introduction to a course on philosophy. It defines philosophy as the love of wisdom and the search for meaning. It outlines the course, which will cover definitions of philosophy, why it is studied, its major fields and issues. It discusses perceptions of philosophy and provides reminders for students. Specifically, it emphasizes developing skills in analysis, criticism and synthesis through careful reading. It also explains how the study of philosophy helps prepare students for theological studies by developing rigorous thinking habits and understanding philosophical foundations of religious doctrines.
theology one powerpoint 2011 final with video and quiz.pptxMark Shaw
This document provides an overview of an online theology course. It outlines the objectives of the lesson which are to define theology, describe narrative theology, understand course requirements, and explain the relevance of theology for life and work. It previews the topics to be covered which include doing theology in Africa and a case study on how theology shapes life. The document provides discussion questions, a quiz, and suggests taking action steps like completing readings, spiritual disciplines, and the next online lesson.
Does life have meaning What can we know Please read and review .docxmadlynplamondon
Does life have meaning? What can we know? Please read and review the following essays from your text, Introducing Philosophy through Pop Culture, [Edited by Irwin and Johnson]: [1] Aquinas and Rose on Faith and Reason, by Daniel B. Gallagher, [2] “I Am an Instrument of God”; Religious Belief, Atheism, and Meaning, by Jason T. Eberl and Jennifer A. Vines, [3] Selfish, Base Animals Crawling Across the Earth: House and the Meaning of Life, by Henry Jacoby, and [4] Adama’s True Lie: Earth and the Problem of Knowledge, by Eric J. Silverman.
[a] Each of these essays dissects differing concepts of knowledge and meaning. Use characters from the first three (3) of the above essays to contrast the differing concepts of knowledge and meaning illustrated by the author and the appropriate philosophers cited in the particular essays you chose. For example, in the first reading, one might choose to contrast/compare the opposing views of knowledge illustrated by Bernard and Rose. The comparison would, most appropriately, be viewed through the concepts of Aquinas discussed in detail in Gallagher’s particular essay. Likewise, in the second reading the views of Adama and Baltar could be contrasted with those of Roslin and Six through the teachings of Aquinas, Hume, and Russell. In the third reading the different concepts of meaning and knowledge exhibited by House and Wilson (or Sister Augustine) can be contrasted through the perspectives of Socrates and Aristotle.
[b] The fourth reading cites the views of David Hume, W. K. Clifford, and William James concerning knowledge as such knowledge contributes to life’s meaning. Clearly explain these views of each philosopher. [Note: The student is not required to research these philosophers’ views beyond the explanations given in the text.]
[c] Using the appropriate characters you chose to compare and contrast (in part [a] of this prompt), critically examine the positions/views of these pop culture characters as you believe Hume, Clifford, and James would do. What might each of these philosophers say about each character’s concept of knowledge and what each character most likely perceives gives meaning to life?
[CJ499: Bachelors Capstone in Criminal Justice ]
Unit 4 Assignment: Short Paper
In a 3 – 4 page paper address the following:
Identify and describe five scientific methods of research inquiry and how you would apply them
to a research project.
Be sure to provide examples.
Develop a hypothesis focused on the professional practices of criminal justice practitioners.
o An example of a hypothesis would be: you could propose a hypothesis that focuses on
whether law enforcement is better equipped to handle terrorism post 9/11 or whether
airline safety has improved since the attacks of 9/11, etc.
Then select two methods of inquiries and how you would apply them to your hypothesis to
reach a conclusion. The paper should be 3 pages in length, excluding title and reference
pages. ...
Introduction to Philosophy Philosophy 1301DEPhil.docxmariuse18nolet
Introduction to Philosophy: Philosophy 1301:DE
Philosophy 1301Danny Brown: ProfessorM.A. Philosophy- University of HoustonB.A. Philosophy- North Carolina State University B.A. Communications- North Carolina State University
Philosophy is the critical and rational examination of the most fundamental assumptions that underlie our lives, an activity of concern to men and women of all cultures and races.
-- Velasquez
Survey CourseThe Introduction to Philosophy class is a survey course designed to familiarize students with the various fields in philosophy and with those philosophers associated with them. It should also enable students to develop skills in logic and critical thinking.
PHILOSOPHYMy Mini-definition:The History of human thought.How do we (humans) think about and of ourselves as human beings.What, if any, is our purpose in the universe.How do we view the world around us.
What is Philosophy?Philosophy is a 5,000 year old academic tradition that systematically analyzes the very foundational questions of human existence.Philosophy seeks clarity on issues ranging from the existence of God, the validity of scientific knowledge, arguments over right and wrong, and the existence of the soul.
Philosophy 1301“Philosophy” is a combination of two ancient Greek words, “Philein” and “Sophia”, which mean “love of wisdom.”“Hard thinking” -- Alvin Plantinga
Analysis and critique of fundamental
beliefs and concepts.
What is Philosophy?It is an enterprise which starts with wonder at the mystery and marvel of the world.
Philosophy pursues a rational investigation of those mysteries and marvels, seeking wisdom and truth.
What is Philosophy?If the quest is successful, it results in a live lived in passionate moral and intellectual integrity.
Believing that “the unexamined life is not worth living,” the philosophy leaves no facet of live untouched by its probing glance.
What philosophy is notNot mere speculationOffer reasonsPeer review
Not Dogmatic
Preview of Things to ComeWhy be moral?What is the best form of political organization?Is there an afterlife, and if so, what is its nature?What is the meaning of life?
Does God Exist?
How Does the Mind Relate to the Body?
What Is Real? (What Actually Exists?)
So Why Study Philosophy?
Some ReasonsCritical thinking skills, writing skills and speaking skillsLiberation from prejudice and provincialism.Expansion of one’s horizonUnderstanding Society
Not usually taught before college
Guard against propaganda Intrinsically interesting
Helps fulfill our “self actualization” needs (Abraham Maslow)
Critical Thinking
In most academic subjects, students are taught what to think, rather than how to think.
The goal of philosophy:Autonomy
The freedom of being able to decide for yourself what you will believe in by using your own reasoning abilities.
In other words, learn to think for yourself.
Traditional Divisions of PhilosophyEp.
This document provides an overview of philosophy as a discipline of questioning. It discusses philosophy as the love of wisdom derived from two Greek words. Philosophy involves questioning, which is the core of philosophical inquiry. Authentic questions must be for the sake of knowledge. The philosophical method uses logic to arrive at clear answers through questioning. Philosophy can be explained as an unending series of questions where answers become new questions. It is also personal as philosophical concepts differ between individuals. Elements of improved philosophical reasoning include being objective, systematic, and following scientific thinking rules. The major branches of philosophy are metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics. The three ultimate questions in philosophy are what can we know, what is good, and what is real.
1
Running head: REVIEW PAPER
Alisebeth Nelson
Argosy University Twin Cities
Advanced General Psychology
PSY492
Review Paper – Draft of Literature Findings
M2A3
June 2016
Abstract
This paper discusses the similarities, differences, and content of 10 articles and other resources the report and discuss the findings of research that has been done on the Psychology of Evil. The idea of a person being completely “evil” is still a new idea in psychology and all of the main research on this has been done within the past 70 years, so as of right now there is now hard proof that someone can really truly be “evil.” Most of the research done has been done based on the idea of an authority figure being the main reason why someone may do an evil task, not one on single person doing an evil thing on their own recognizance. This paper focuses on experiments performed by Milgram and Zimbardo and their findings, but also includes discussions from other sources.
The Psychology of Evil
There have been many discussions based on the research done to prove that humans can be and are instinctively evil beings. However, most of the research that has been presented to us has been performed with some type of authority that wills the participants to perform the “evil” acts. Becker states in his article “little effort has been made in psychology and psychiatry to study pathologies that afflict, not the aberrant neurotic or psychotic individual or social group, but the greater population of the psychologically normal” (2008). I would have to say that based on my schooling and the personal research that I have done that I would agree with this statement. All too often, any research performed to test the psychology behind good and evil only includes what we would call a “normal” individual; someone who has no type of psychotic diagnosis. Now if these experiments were tested on individual who was diagnosed with Antisocial or Borderline Personality Disorder, would the outcomes have been different? Becker states in this article that he believes that to be so. In this article he mainly focuses on Nazi leaders during the holocaust.
Chirico writes an article that is 22 chapters long that is divided in 5 sections to study this concept: “Basic issues and Controversies,” “Motivation and Cognitive Processes,” “Developmental, Personality and Clinical Aspects,” “Good and Evil,” and “Synthesis” (2011). Chirico starts his analysis with the main question that so many of us ask; “Why is there evil?” Chirico studies focus mainly on whether or not evil is a normal human condition or simply a side effect of mental illness. He also looks into the schemas of cognitions and morality.
Kadar’s article discusses a very interesting theory that the central goal of ecological psychology is for humans to create coping mechanisms to deal with everyday tasks, and sometime that these coping mechanisms can include evil behaviors. He states that sometimes an evil act ...
1
3
FINAL PROJECT: SPEAKING NOTES
Final Project: Speaking Notes
Student
Instructor
Course
Date
Slide 1: Overview of my artifacts
I will be working on the theme of beliefs. I will be looking into some past religious artifacts such as the classical art pieces of Jesus, Moses, etc. I will explain what the artworks mean to me and I will also allow the audience to give their interpretation of what I am showing. I will be able to portray the theme of religion, beliefs, and time by comparing the different pieces.
Slide 2: Theme’s Impact on my audience
I believe that as people grow up from birth, they do not have much power in the religion they would like to associate with. Parents have become the sole determinants of where our faith and religion lie and I would like to allow my audience to think through the choices that were made for them. I believe that this presentation will help my audience ponder and see whether they will still choose the religion and beliefs they grew up knowing. For instance, some of the audience members may have been brought up with the notion that there is only one God, a supernatural being, yet they probably doubt it and they would choose to be atheists in their adulthood.
Slide 3: Evidence
I grew up in a very strict family and my parents forced me to go to church every other Sunday. I never liked church because I felt like I lived a fake life. Besides, I noticed that most church members were not staunch and some did some actions that were against the church teachings. However, my mother could not hear it and I only got the freedom to do as I chose after I got my ID. Typically, my religion was forced and I am so glad that I am in a better situation now although my past experiences make me question my life choices from time to time.
Slide 4: Importance of my theme and artifacts
I chose this theme because I like exploring the past Roman culture and I also grew up as a Christian. I feel like this project provides a chance to explore the similarities between the two. Just like the languages that have the same roots, I think that religions are also tied and this research will help demonstrate this. My audience and I will get a chance to be open-minded and not just think within the religious confinements.
Slide 5: Benefit of studying Humanities
Humanities is a means for people to be open-minded about different things such as cultures, religions, etc., and helps us comprehend what sets us apart from other people. Personally, taking this course has helped me identify different artifacts and it has given me different perspectives on things.
Slide 6: Importance to society
One of the greatest benefits of studying humanities is learning how to express compassion. Compassion is wide and having it since childhood would help us appreciate and respect everyone's religion. Besides, our parents would not force religion on us but rather, children would have the freedom to choose where they truly belong. I believe that humanities teach ...
1
3
FINAL PROJECT: SPEAKING NOTES
Final Project: Speaking Notes
Student
Instructor
Course
Date
Slide 1: Overview of my artifacts
I will be working on the theme of beliefs. I will be looking into some past religious artifacts such as the classical art pieces of Jesus, Moses, etc. I will explain what the artworks mean to me and I will also allow the audience to give their interpretation of what I am showing. I will be able to portray the theme of religion, beliefs, and time by comparing the different pieces.
Slide 2: Theme’s Impact on my audience
I believe that as people grow up from birth, they do not have much power in the religion they would like to associate with. Parents have become the sole determinants of where our faith and religion lie and I would like to allow my audience to think through the choices that were made for them. I believe that this presentation will help my audience ponder and see whether they will still choose the religion and beliefs they grew up knowing. For instance, some of the audience members may have been brought up with the notion that there is only one God, a supernatural being, yet they probably doubt it and they would choose to be atheists in their adulthood.
Slide 3: Evidence
I grew up in a very strict family and my parents forced me to go to church every other Sunday. I never liked church because I felt like I lived a fake life. Besides, I noticed that most church members were not staunch and some did some actions that were against the church teachings. However, my mother could not hear it and I only got the freedom to do as I chose after I got my ID. Typically, my religion was forced and I am so glad that I am in a better situation now although my past experiences make me question my life choices from time to time.
Slide 4: Importance of my theme and artifacts
I chose this theme because I like exploring the past Roman culture and I also grew up as a Christian. I feel like this project provides a chance to explore the similarities between the two. Just like the languages that have the same roots, I think that religions are also tied and this research will help demonstrate this. My audience and I will get a chance to be open-minded and not just think within the religious confinements.
Slide 5: Benefit of studying Humanities
Humanities is a means for people to be open-minded about different things such as cultures, religions, etc., and helps us comprehend what sets us apart from other people. Personally, taking this course has helped me identify different artifacts and it has given me different perspectives on things.
Slide 6: Importance to society
One of the greatest benefits of studying humanities is learning how to express compassion. Compassion is wide and having it since childhood would help us appreciate and respect everyone's religion. Besides, our parents would not force religion on us but rather, children would have the freedom to choose where they truly belong. I believe that humanities teach ...
This document discusses the relationship between doctrine and Scripture. It defines doctrine as summarizing, harmonizing, and systematizing scriptural ideas using human words. While doctrine is based on Scripture, only Scripture itself is considered inerrant. The document traces how doctrines related to the nature of God, salvation, and the Bible have developed over time as the church's understanding has progressed. It acknowledges doctrine may occasionally be wrong but is unlikely to be so, and outlines reasonable and unreasonable responses when doctrines are challenged.
The document outlines an argument for introducing philosophy to children in library programming to develop critical thinking skills. It discusses how critical thinking is important for information literacy and how philosophy is an effective way to develop such skills. The document then introduces the Philosophy for Children (P4C) method and the Wartenberg model, which uses children's stories as a starting point for philosophical discussions. Examples of discussion rules and a sample discussion on bravery using the story "Frog and Toad" are provided.
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Liberty university phil 201 quiz 1 complete solutions correct answers key
1. Liberty University PHIL 201 quiz 1 complete solutions correct answers key
4 different versions
Find the solution at
https://www.coursemerit.com/solution-details/14731/PHIL-201-quiz-1-complete-solutions-correct-answers-key
Question 1 When I seek to know if a belief is true, I am performing the task of:
Question 2 Which of the beliefs below would qualify as a foundational belief:
Question 3 It is possible to be completely rational and justified and still be wrong.
Question 4 The word “philosophy” originated from two Greek terms: philo which means “love” and
sophos which means:
Question 5 According to the reading, Abraham was an example of blind faith.
Question 6 The element of comprehensiveness means a worldview should account for every possible
belief.
Question 7 A process of education that forces students to think through and clarify their beliefs by
asking them questions is called the:
Question 8 Choose the best answer: What is wrong with the following set of beliefs as a worldview: (a)
There is no God, (b) Man evolved from lower animals over a long period of time, (c) there is no afterlife,
(d) people should be good to each other, (e) matter and energy are all that exist, (f) the universe is
without any ultimate meaning and value.
Question 9 By saying worldview is coherent we mean that:
Question 10 Our intellectual appetite is a natural desire to know and understand.
Question 11 The science and art of interpreting scripture is called:
Question 12 According to the reading, it is possible to do hermeneutics without doing philosophy,
however you never should.
2. Question 13 A supererogatory act:
Question 14 The three elements listed in the reading that fulfill the biblical mandate to develop a
Christian philosophical mindset would include one of the following:
Question 15 Using scripture “strategically” means:
Question 16 By “critical usage” of scripture is meant:
Question 17 The one below that is not one of the three major branches of philosophy:
Question 18 We should be open to changing our interpretation of passage if the evidence warrants
that we should do so.
Question 19 We raise a question in history class about whether or not it was right for President Lincoln
to abuse his powers in suspending the writ of habeas corpus during the Civil War. Under which branch
of philosophy would you place this discussion:
Question 20 The subbranch of metaphysics that deals with the nature of existence itself is:
Question 1 Philosophy and art are different in that philosophy argues for a view while art usually just
expresses it.
Question 2 Which of the following is NOT one of the aspects of “critical thinking” according to the
reading:
Question 3 According to the reading, Abraham was an example of blind faith.
Question 4 When I seek to know if a belief is true, I am performing the task of:
Question 5 The study of biology would be considered a
Question 6 Bertrand Russell thought philosophy was important because:
Question 7 The one below that is NOT one of the benefits described in the reading of examining and
evaluating our beliefs:
Question 8 Choose the best answer: What is wrong with the following set of beliefs as a worldview: (a)
3. There is no God, (b) Man evolved from lower animals over a long period of time, (c) there is no afterlife,
(d) people should be good to each other, (e) matter and energy are all that exist, (f) the universe is
without any ultimate meaning and value.
Question 9 Which of the following is true:
Question 10 An attitude of examining beliefs to determine what the mean and if they are true is called:
Question 11 A supererogatory act:
Question 12 Using scripture “strategically” means:
Question 13 To offer a defense for the Christian faith from outside attacks is the task of:
Question 14 According to the reading, it is possible to do hermeneutics without doing philosophy,
however you never should.
Question 15 Philosophy aids theology by:
Question 16 The branch of philosophy that deals with general theories of values is:
Question 17 We should be prepared to explain the literary and historical context of a passage of
scripture if we are going to use it as support in an argument.
Question 18 The Bible adequately addresses almost every philosophical issue and question.
Question 19 The one below that is not one of the three major branches of philosophy:
Question 20 By “critical usage” of scripture is meant:
Question 1 The goal in doing philosophy is to start as best as one can from a completely neutral
position on every issue.
Question 2 Which of the following is NOT one of the aspects of “critical thinking” according to the
reading:
Question 3 When I seek to know if a belief is true, I am performing the task of:
Question 4 A comprehensive system of beliefs that functions as an explanation and interpretation of
4. reality is called:
Question 5 Which statement best expresses Socrates idea that the unexamined life is not worth living:
Question 6 The ways in which philosophy is practical, according to the reading, include:
Question 7 What was Kierkegaard’s point about understanding life backward but living it forward:
Question 8 Philosophers largely agree on most issues. That is why they get along with each other so
well.
Question 9 The one below that is NOT one of the characteristics of good philosophical argument:
Question 10 A process of education that forces students to think through and clarify their beliefs by
asking them questions is called the:
Question 11 While we are not all called to be philosophers by vocation, what does the biblical mandate
say we all called to do:
Question 12 The passage that says we should always be prepared to offer a defense for the hope within
us:
Question 13 Philosophy aids theology by:
Question 14 Prooftexting is often a legitimate way to use scripture.
Question 15 What was Paul doing in Col 2:
Question 16 The question of the existence of God comes under which branch of philosophy:
Question 17 The subbranch of metaphysics that deals with the nature of existence itself is:
Question 18 According to the presentation, when dealing with a difficult text in the Bible, every
alternative interpretation deserves equally serious consideration.
Question 19 Philosophers seldom agree on many issues.
Question 20 We begin with a debate about the problem of evil and I suggest that one solution to the
problem is that free will makes evil possible. You question whether we have free will or not and we get
into a discussion of the reality of free will. Under what branch of philosophy would you place our
5. discussion now?
Philosophy is more concerned with newly emerging concepts than with perennial, foundational issues.
Philosophy and art are different in that philosophy argues for a view while art usually just expresses it
Scientism is defined as the philosophy of science and the methods of establishing scientific theories
A statement about what a person ought to do is called
The word “philosophy” originated from two Greek terms: philo which means “love” and sophos which
means
The one below that is NOT one of the characteristics of good philosophical argument
Cultivating a worldview, as Foreman describes it, is something everyone has done
The main way mentioned in the reading that the philosophical mindset helps in making moral decisions
by
Philosophers largely agree on most issues. That is why they get along with each other so well
What should one do if one encounters a new belief that creates inconsistency in a one’s set of beliefs
Prooftexting is often a legitimate way to use scripture
While we are not all called to be philosophers by vocation, what does the biblical mandate say we all
called to do
A principle of interpretation where one finds a principle in scripture and applies it to an example in
current times
A supererogatory act
Using scripture “strategically” means
When I offer you my thought-out, well-reasoned belief about an issue, I am giving you my
The one below that is not one of the three major branches of philosophy
6. We raise a question in history class about whether or not it was right for President Lincoln to abuse
his powers in suspending the writ of habeas corpus during the Civil War. Under which branch of
philosophy would you place this discussion
By “critical usage” of scripture is meant
Philosophy is about asking questions of which there are no real answers
Question 1 Which of the beliefs below would qualify as a foundational belief:
Question 2 Reason is “prior” to God in terms of:
Question 3 Which of the following is NOT one of the aspects of “critical thinking” according to the
reading:
Question 4 A comprehensive system of beliefs that functions as an explanation and interpretation of
reality is called:
Question 5 The relationship between propositional knowledge and experiential knowledge is:
Question 6 Choose the best answer: What is wrong with the following set of beliefs as a worldview: (a)
There is no God, (b) Man evolved from lower animals over a long period of time, (c) there is no afterlife,
(d) people should be good to each other, (e) matter and energy are all that exist, (f) the universe is
without any ultimate meaning and value.
Question 7 Adopting the philosophical mindset is more like a job than a vocation.
Question 8 Our epistemic obligations include the duty to clarify and justify our beliefs.
Question 9 Which of the following is true:
Question 10 Bertrand Russell thought philosophy was important because:
Question 11 The three elements listed in the reading that fulfill the biblical mandate to develop a
Christian philosophical mindset would include one of the following:
Question 12 The passage of scripture that says we should beware of vain and deceptive philosophy is:
7. Question 13 According to the reading, it is possible to do hermeneutics without doing philosophy,
however you never should.
Question 14 How does the story in Acts 17 demonstrate the value of reason:
Question 15 To offer a defense for the Christian faith from outside attacks is the task of:
Question 16 The Bible adequately addresses almost every philosophical issue and question.
Question 17 Philosophy is about asking questions of which there are no real answers.
Question 18 We raise a question in history class about whether or not it was right for President Lincoln
to abuse his powers in suspending the writ of habeas corpus during the Civil War. Under which branch
of philosophy would you place this discussion:
Question 19 The one below that is not one of the three major branches of philosophy:
Question 20 We should be prepared to explain the literary and historical context of a passage of
scripture if we are going to use it as support in an argument.