1) The document discusses sexual orientation and gender identity and expression (SOGIE). It defines key terms like sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, and provides examples like heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, and transgender. 2) It discusses the LGBTQIA abbreviation and what each letter stands for. It also defines concepts like cisgender and heteronormativity. 3) It provides a sample case of a transgender woman who faced discrimination in hiring due to her gender identity not matching her sex assigned at birth. The document aims to educate about issues faced by the LGBT community.

2. Module Objectives/Outcomes
At the end of the module, you are expected:
-differentiate gender from sexuality;
explain gender socialization;
-identify gender stereotypes and the problem
stereotyping brings; and
-discuss sexual orientation and gender identity and
expression or SOGIE.

3. Lesson 3:
Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
and Expression

4. Learning Outcomes
:Explain sexual orientation and
gender identity and expression
or SOGIE

5. Introduction
Hello, student! Let us commence now your
journey in this course pack. In this lesson, you
will enjoy fun in learning sexual orientation and
gender identity and expression or SOGIE. Hence,
you have to prepare your mind to accomplish
challenging tasks in this lesson. For sure, you will
enjoy this one.

7. INSTRUCTION:
Answer the questions below, it will help you
to be prepared in the lesson.
Based on the activity, do you think
understanding your feeling can help you to be proud
of yourself? Why?

8. SOGIE
The abbreviation SOGIE stands for sexual
orientation and gender identity and expression.
Sexuality is different from sex, as the former is the
expression of a person's thoughts, feelings, sexual
orientation and relationships, as well as the biology
of the sexual response system of that person. The
different terms standing for SOGIE are further
defined below.

9. 1. Sexual orientation covers the three
dimensions of sexuality, namely:
a. sexual attraction, sexual behavior,
sexual fantasies;
b. emotional preference, social
preference, self-identification; and
c. heterosexual or homosexual lifestyle.

10. Sexual orientation involves the
person to whom one is attracted
and how one identifies himself or
herself in relation to this attraction
which includes both romantic and
sexual feelings.

11. 2. Gender identity refers to one's
personal experience of gender or social
relations. It determines how one sees
himself or herself in relation to gender
and sexuality. A person could identify
himself or herself as masculine or
feminine.

12. 3. Gender expression
determines how one expresses
his or her sexuality through the
actions or manner of presenting
oneself.

13. The abbreviation LGBTQIA is short for
lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender,
queer/questioning, intersex, asexual. This
category describes distinct groups outside of
heteronormativity who are usually defined by
their SOGIE. Heteronormativity is defined as the
notion that being heterosexual, or the attraction
to the opposite sex, is the standard for
correctness.

14. Heterosexual, or straight, refers to people
who have sexual and romantic feelings mostly for
the opposite gender-men who are attracted to
women, and women who are attracted to men.
Homosexual describes people who have sexual
and romantic feelings for the same gender-men
who are attracted to men, and women who are
attracted to women.

15. Cisgender is someone whose
gender identity corresponds with his or
her biological sex. A person can be a
homosexual and at the same time a
cisgender (identify with the gender
they were assigned to at birth because
of their sex).

16. In addition, lesbian pertains to women who are
attracted to other women. Gay refers to men
who are attracted to other men. It can also be
used as an umbrella term for homosexuality.
Bisexual or "bi" denotes people who are
attracted to both genders. Finally, transgender is
an umbrella term that refers to someone whose
assigned sex at birth does not represent his or
her gender identity.

17. The labels were created to recognize the identity
of those who are considered outside the norm of
society. These words and terms were popularized to
show those who fell outside the norm that they are
not alone, and that there are others facing the same
struggles. While these are the usual words used
when discussing LGBT issues, they are in no way
stable, fixed, or exclusive. They are temporary, as the
terminologies for sex and sexuality can change
depending on the direction of the LGBT movement.

18. These scenarios are brought to light because of
how trans issues are slowly coming to public
awareness, but the same issues have been faced by
women throughout history. Although this module
does not tackle LGBT issues in depth, it hopes to
open readers to these issues as future topics of
interests, especially as these are relevant issues in
society. Gender advocates want to expand gender
issues to include the LGBT, as there is much
discrimination against the LGBT in the Philippines.

19. SAMPLE CASE
A young woman, fresh out of college and ready for work,
had trouble securing a job. Her friends could not figure out why.
She graduated with Latin honors and topped the board exam in
her respective field. She had applied to numerous jobs which
granted her interviews. However, after her face-to-face interview
with numerous potential employers, she was never contacted.
When asked why, the company HR merely stated that they do not
allow "cross-dressing" for their employees. That young woman is
a trans woman who, while expressing herself as feminine, was
recognized by professional institutions as male.

20. The issue of discrimination based on
gender is very prevalent for the LGBT.
The woman in the scenario was a
transgender, whose biological gender
(male) did not reflect who she is
(female).

21. Many posts about trans rights and
trans issues circulate in social media.
These problems are everyday issues
that show how people who only wish
to express themselves are prevented
from doing so, and are blocked from
academic and economic opportunities.

22. Answer the following questions properly.
Response should be minimum of three (3)
sentences.
1. What is SOGIE and how is it relevant to
the Philippine society?
2. Why it is important to know the
LGBTQIA?

23. Hooray!!!
It’s another lesson
unlocked, keep grinding
for your future!