This document summarizes a presentation on radiation protection in medicine given by Ossama Anjaq. The presentation covered the following key points:
- The goals and objectives of the presentation were to explain who is responsible for radiation protection, the role of the radiation protection officer in healthcare institutions, the basic principles of radiation protection in medicine and how to develop a radiation protection program.
- It discussed what radiation protection is, who needs it, if tools and equipment are needed, who is responsible for applying radiation protection rules, and what are acceptable exposure levels for workers and patients.
- It also mentioned the Syrian Radiation Protection Regulations issued in 2005 and Law 143 of 2007 which define the responsibilities for radiation and nuclear safety
This document summarizes a presentation on radiation protection in medicine given by Ossama Anjaq. The presentation covered the following key points:
- The goals and objectives of the presentation were to explain who is responsible for radiation protection, the role of the radiation protection officer in healthcare institutions, the basic principles of radiation protection in medicine and how to develop a radiation protection program.
- It discussed what radiation protection is, who needs it, if tools and equipment are needed, who is responsible for applying radiation protection rules, and what are acceptable exposure levels for workers and patients.
- It also mentioned the Syrian Radiation Protection Regulations issued in 2005 and Law 143 of 2007 which define the responsibilities for radiation and nuclear safety
This document discusses radiation protection and safety. It begins with an introduction that outlines common sources of radiation exposure, including natural background radiation and occupational exposure. It then discusses classification of work areas, including monitoring areas and supervised areas. Examples of work area classification are also mentioned. Key aspects of radiation protection covered include identifying radiation sources and their nature, as well as the basic principles of radiation protection good practice - limiting side effects, reducing complications, and decreasing accident likelihood. Responsibilities under the Basic Safety Standards are also outlined.
The document discusses the history and basics of radiotherapy and radiation protection. It describes some key events and discoveries, including Wilhelm Röntgen's discovery of X-rays in 1895, the discovery of radioactivity in the late 1890s, and the early uses of radiation to treat cancers in the late 1890s. It also notes that accurate measurement of absorbed radiation dose is important for treatment success and that dosimetric systems must be properly calibrated and traceable to national and international standards.
The document discusses clinical treatment planning in external photon beam radiotherapy. It covers topics such as volume definition, dose specification, patient data acquisition and simulation, clinical considerations for photon beams including isodose curves, wedge filters, bolus, compensating filters, corrections for contour and tissue inhomogeneities, and beam combinations and clinical applications. The section on clinical considerations for photon beams specifically addresses isodose curves, which are lines connecting points of equal dose distribution, and the use of wedge filters.
- The document discusses clinical treatment planning in external photon beam radiotherapy. It covers topics such as volume definition, dose specification, patient data acquisition and simulation, clinical considerations for photon beams, treatment plan evaluation, and monitor unit calculations.
- Treatment plan evaluation is an important step to study the dose distribution and calculations and ensure the treatment plan dose matches the clinical target. This is done using computer or manual methods. The medical physicist and radiation oncologist must approve the treatment plan before radiotherapy.
- Dose distribution can be evaluated at a few significant points within the target volume, along dose contours in 2D planes of the body or CT slices, or in the entire 3D volume receiving radiation for the region.
This document discusses the biological effects of radiation exposure. It describes internal and external radiation exposure, which can occur through inhalation, ingestion, intravenous injection, or contamination on the skin. The type of damage caused by radiation exposure depends on the dose received, the radiation type (alpha, beta, gamma etc.), the sensitivity of different tissues or organs, and other factors. Radiation damage is measured by assessing harmful health effects in individuals or their offspring resulting from low dose radiation exposures over time.
This document discusses radiation accidents that can occur in brachytherapy. It notes that over 500,000 brachytherapy procedures are performed annually using high-dose-rate brachytherapy. Any error in loading the radioactive source could result in an overdose. More than 500 high-dose-rate brachytherapy accidents have been documented in previous years. Human error and equipment malfunctions are causes of radiation accidents in brachytherapy.
This document discusses brachytherapy and provides guidelines for documenting dose specifications and reporting based on ICRU reports. It describes the minimum information that should be reported for brachytherapy treatments, including type of technique, dose rate at a distance of 1 m, treatment time/duration, delineation of the clinical/reference volume, dose distribution and high/low dose regions. Proper documentation of dose specifications is important for brachytherapy.
This document summarizes a presentation on radiation protection in medicine given by Ossama Anjaq. The presentation covered the following key points:
- The goals and objectives of the presentation were to explain who is responsible for radiation protection, the role of the radiation protection officer in healthcare institutions, the basic principles of radiation protection in medicine and how to develop a radiation protection program.
- It discussed what radiation protection is, who needs it, if tools and equipment are needed, who is responsible for applying radiation protection rules, and what are acceptable exposure levels for workers and patients.
- It also mentioned the Syrian Radiation Protection Regulations issued in 2005 and Law 143 of 2007 which define the responsibilities for radiation and nuclear safety
This document summarizes a presentation on radiation protection in medicine given by Ossama Anjaq. The presentation covered the following key points:
- The goals and objectives of the presentation were to explain who is responsible for radiation protection, the role of the radiation protection officer in healthcare institutions, the basic principles of radiation protection in medicine and how to develop a radiation protection program.
- It discussed what radiation protection is, who needs it, if tools and equipment are needed, who is responsible for applying radiation protection rules, and what are acceptable exposure levels for workers and patients.
- It also mentioned the Syrian Radiation Protection Regulations issued in 2005 and Law 143 of 2007 which define the responsibilities for radiation and nuclear safety
This document discusses radiation protection and safety. It begins with an introduction that outlines common sources of radiation exposure, including natural background radiation and occupational exposure. It then discusses classification of work areas, including monitoring areas and supervised areas. Examples of work area classification are also mentioned. Key aspects of radiation protection covered include identifying radiation sources and their nature, as well as the basic principles of radiation protection good practice - limiting side effects, reducing complications, and decreasing accident likelihood. Responsibilities under the Basic Safety Standards are also outlined.
The document discusses the history and basics of radiotherapy and radiation protection. It describes some key events and discoveries, including Wilhelm Röntgen's discovery of X-rays in 1895, the discovery of radioactivity in the late 1890s, and the early uses of radiation to treat cancers in the late 1890s. It also notes that accurate measurement of absorbed radiation dose is important for treatment success and that dosimetric systems must be properly calibrated and traceable to national and international standards.
The document discusses clinical treatment planning in external photon beam radiotherapy. It covers topics such as volume definition, dose specification, patient data acquisition and simulation, clinical considerations for photon beams including isodose curves, wedge filters, bolus, compensating filters, corrections for contour and tissue inhomogeneities, and beam combinations and clinical applications. The section on clinical considerations for photon beams specifically addresses isodose curves, which are lines connecting points of equal dose distribution, and the use of wedge filters.
- The document discusses clinical treatment planning in external photon beam radiotherapy. It covers topics such as volume definition, dose specification, patient data acquisition and simulation, clinical considerations for photon beams, treatment plan evaluation, and monitor unit calculations.
- Treatment plan evaluation is an important step to study the dose distribution and calculations and ensure the treatment plan dose matches the clinical target. This is done using computer or manual methods. The medical physicist and radiation oncologist must approve the treatment plan before radiotherapy.
- Dose distribution can be evaluated at a few significant points within the target volume, along dose contours in 2D planes of the body or CT slices, or in the entire 3D volume receiving radiation for the region.
This document discusses the biological effects of radiation exposure. It describes internal and external radiation exposure, which can occur through inhalation, ingestion, intravenous injection, or contamination on the skin. The type of damage caused by radiation exposure depends on the dose received, the radiation type (alpha, beta, gamma etc.), the sensitivity of different tissues or organs, and other factors. Radiation damage is measured by assessing harmful health effects in individuals or their offspring resulting from low dose radiation exposures over time.
This document discusses radiation accidents that can occur in brachytherapy. It notes that over 500,000 brachytherapy procedures are performed annually using high-dose-rate brachytherapy. Any error in loading the radioactive source could result in an overdose. More than 500 high-dose-rate brachytherapy accidents have been documented in previous years. Human error and equipment malfunctions are causes of radiation accidents in brachytherapy.
This document discusses brachytherapy and provides guidelines for documenting dose specifications and reporting based on ICRU reports. It describes the minimum information that should be reported for brachytherapy treatments, including type of technique, dose rate at a distance of 1 m, treatment time/duration, delineation of the clinical/reference volume, dose distribution and high/low dose regions. Proper documentation of dose specifications is important for brachytherapy.
17. NDT Training Course Level 1 20
،حزيران
21
Ossama ANJAK 17
•
في المشعة المصادر
NDT
• Gamma Devices with sources of 192Ir, 75Se, 60Co
– Contain 0.1 – 5TBq of 60Co, 192Ir, or 137Cs
• Used for Daily On-site Radiographies
6/17/2021 Osama Anjak 33
• NDT Radioactive Sources and some properties
Gamma Radiography Using Selenium‐75
6/17/2021 Osama Anjak 34
18. NDT Training Course Level 1 20
،حزيران
21
Ossama ANJAK 18
• Radioactive Sources and some properties
Isotope
Half Value Layer (cms) Tenth Value Layer (cms)
Lead Iron Concrete Lead Iron Concrete
192
Ir 0.6 1.3 4.6 2.0 4.3 14.7
60
Co 1.2 2.0 6.6 4.0 6.9 20.6
169
Yb 0.26 0.95 0.29 1.8
75
Se 0.11 0.8 3.0 0.475 2.75 9.0
6/17/2021 Osama Anjak 35
•
في المشعة المصادر
NDT
•
المشعة المصادر حاوية
Source containers
مع المشعة المصادر حاوية تتوافق أن يجب
اإلشعاعي التعرض يكون بحيث الدولية المعايير
مبدأ حسب إلية الوصول يمكن حد بأقل
آالرا
As
Low As Reasonable Achievable (ALARA).
The shielding of source containers must
remain intact following any credible accident
or incident. The shielding of this container
(right) remained intact following a severe fire
at the licensed premises.
6/17/2021 Osama Anjak 36
46. NDT Training Course Level 1 20
،حزيران
21
Ossama ANJAK 46
References
• Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources: International Basic
Safety Standards. General Safety Requirements Part 3. SR (IAEA Safety
Standard Series No. GSR Part 3 (Interim)), Vienna 2011.
• IAEA, International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing
Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources, Safety Series No. 115,
Vienna (1996).
• IAEA, Organization and Implementation of a National Regulatory
Infrastructure Governing Protection against Ionizing Radiation and the
Safety of Radiation Sources, IAEA-TECDOC-1067, Vienna (1999).
• IAEA, Lessons learned from accidents in industrial radiography, (reports in
Safety Reports Series). IAEA, Accident reports.
6/17/2021 Osama Anjak 91
الجميع مسؤولية اإلشعاعية الوقاية
Osama Anjak
6/17/2021 92