Puberty is the process of physical changes during adolescence through which a child's body matures into an adult capable of reproduction. It is initiated by hormones from the pituitary gland and causes development of primary sex characteristics. For females, puberty begins with estrogen production leading to breast development, menstruation, and fertility. For males, testosterone production causes genital and muscle growth, deepening of the voice, and sperm production. Both experience physical, mental, and emotional changes as they transition into adulthood. Maintaining good hygiene practices is important for caring for their changing bodies during this time.

2. PUBERTY
LESSON 5

3. Puberty
– one of the significant changes of the body undergoes
rapid physical changes during adolescence.
- the process through which a child’s body matures
into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction.
- It commonly begins at ages 10 to 12 and is
completed at ages 15 to 17
- Initiated by the pituitary gland of the endocrine
system, a pea-sized gland located at the base of the
brain.
- The brain sends signals to the pituitary gland
causing it to release hormones.

4. Hormones
- Chemical messengers that produce various
effects on organ systems
- That control the primary sex organs, such as the:
- Ovaries – for females
- Testes - for males

5. Physical Changes
Puberty among females begins when
their ovaries start producing
ESTROGEN
- a hormone
responsible for most of
the changes in the female body
during puberty.
 The female body begins to mature
as it starts to prepared for
pregnancy.

6. Physical Changes
Puberty among males begins when
their testes begin to produce
TESTOSTERONE
- a hormone
responsible for most of the changes
in the male body during puberty.
 The testes also produce SPERM –
the reproductive cell, which is
necessary for reproduction.

7. Physical Changes
In males,
 the first physical manifestation of puberty is genital growth.
 Experience changes in the body, such as height spurt, the
appearance of a beard, and the growth of pubic hair.
In females,
 Breasts start to develop, hair appears in the armpit and
pubic area, and other changes in the body happen

8. Physical Changes
In females,
 Menstruation – start, more pronounced sign that the female
reproductive system has matured.
 On the onset of the puberty, a women becomes fertile, which
means that she can already have a baby.
 During a woman’s fertile years, will experience process
called the menstrual cycle – monthly
 involves the thickening of the lining of the uterus
or womb in preparation for pregnancy.

9. Physical Changes
In females,
 the menstrual cycle – monthly
 when pregnancy does not take
place, this lining breaks down
and the woman experiences
menstruation or period.
 Menarche – the first menstrual period
- stops permanently, on
average, at the age of 50.

10. WHAT CHANGES HAPPEN TO GIRLS?
• Get taller and heavier
• Bones grow bigger and heavier
• Hips get wider and more curvy
• Face changes shape
• Voice gets a little deeper
• Hair grows under the armpits, around the genitals (pubic hair)
• Hair on arms and legs grows darker
• Breasts and nipples get larger
• Body sweats more
• Internal and external sex organs grow
• May have mood swings, sexual thoughts and feelings

11. WHAT CHANGES HAPPEN TO BOYS?
• Grow taller and heavier
• Bones grow bigger and heavier
• Nose and jaw get bigger and face gets longer Get more muscles
• Hair and skin can become oily and you may get spots Body sweats more
• Hair grows on the face, under the armpits, around the genitals
• (pubic hair).
• May get more hair on arms, legs, and chest. Voice gets deeper
• Penis and testicles grow bigger and longer
• May have mood swings, sexual thoughts and feelings
• Self-conscious – when they are around their peers

12. Mental and Emotional Changes
 Teenage years bring mental changes
 Teenagers develop abstract thinking abilities
 Interest change and lean toward issues that are more the
concern of adults
 Romantic relationships become more important
 Begin to take on more responsibilities
 The pressure and the expectations they face may cause them to
be quickly irritated
 Easily lose their temper
 Experience helplessness
 Extreme sadness – mood swings

13. Mental and Emotional Changes
 Learning about themselves and are only beginning to know
what they want to do
 Spent more time with classmates and friends
 Adolescents – likely to be affected by peer pressure.

14. Caring for the Body During Puberty
Puberty experiences many physical changes
 Skin and hair may get oily easily
 Pimples may suddenly appear on their faces every day.
 New hair growth in different body parts
 Excessive sweating that causes body odor

15. PERSONAL HYGIENE WHAT DO WE DO?

16. Caring for the Body During Puberty
Hygienic Practices:
1. Bathe daily and change to clean and dry underwater at least once a day.
2. Change clothes each day or even several times a day when necessary.
3. Apply antiperspirant or deodorant on your underarms to prevent
excessive sweating and to mask body odor.
4. Wash your hair with shampoo and your face with mild soap or facial
cleanser at least once every day. Do this to control the oiliness of your
hair and face.

17. Caring for the Body During Puberty
Hygienic Practices:
5. Ask your older siblings, your parents, or other adults what to do if you are
bothered by body hair. Especially for boys, it is normal to shave facial hair
with a razor.
6. Have a balanced diet to accommodate the needs of your changing body,
exercise regularly, and get adequate rest and sleep.
7. Consult a doctor if the physical changes you experience bother you or if
you have pains and difficulties that you think are caused by these changes.

18. Propionibacterium acnes
- The pimple-causing bacteria that inhabit the oily depths of the skin’s pores.
- Apart from hormonal changes and stress brought about by puberty, one of
the culprits behind the appearance of pimples.