The document analyzes how to learn phrasal verbs by breaking them down into their constituent verb and preposition/adverb and determining the meaning of each. It then provides a list of common prepositions/adverbs and examples of how the meaning of the phrasal verb is created by combining the meanings. Some examples analyzed are "break down," "break into," "break off," "bring round," "bring up," and "call for."

1. LEARNING PHRASAL VERBS BY ANALYZING THEM
I think ‘phrasal verbs’ have the correct principles to be established. Therefore, they have
been passed down by word of mouth until now. I have analyzed a phrasal verb by choosing a
certain meaning of its single verb and preposition or adverb. Then I combine these meanings
so as to create a new meaning which seems to resemble the main one of that phrasal verb.
Here is the list of popular adverbs / prepositions and phrasal verbs:
After : following noun (N) / following the example of N
Away : to a distance from N in space
Down : to or at a lower position / at a lower level / depressed (adj)
For : showing the reason or cause
Into : inside sth / in the direction of sth
Off : away from a place / no longer going to happen / canceled / away from work
On : on sb’s body / in the possession of sb / happening / continuously / working, on duty
Out : away from the inside of sth / clearly, loudly / not correct ( in sth )
Over : from one side to another side / all
Up : to or in a higher position / at a higher level / moving upwards to the place where N is /
completely / into pieces or parts / happening
With : in the company or presence of N
Break down : stop working because of a fault
( break : stop working – down : at a lower level )
Break into : enter a building by force
( break : destroy sth – into : inside sth )
Break off : end sth suddenly
( break : end sth – off : canceled )
Break up : make sb leave sth or stop doing sth
( break : end sth – up : completely )
Bring round / around : make sb become conscious again
( bring + N + adv/ prep : cause N in a condition – round : in a circle to face the opposite way )
Bring up sth : mention a subject ( = raise sth )
Bring up sb : care for sb to help them grow ( = raise sb )
Call for : need sth
( call : shout to attract sb’s attention – for : showing a reason )
Call off : cancel sth ( call : order – off : canceled )
Call up : make a telephone call to sb ( call : telephone – up : out of bed )
Carry out : do sth or work
( carry : take with you – out : away from the inside of sth )
Catch sb up = catch up ( with sb ) = keep up ( with sb ) : reach sb / sb’s better level
( catch : capture / keep : maintain – up : to the place where N is )
Clear away / up : make sth clean and neat ( clear : remove sth that is not needed from a place –
away : to a distance from N in space / up : completely )

2. Come across = run across : meet or find sb by chance ( come : move to a person or place /
run : move faster than walk – across : from one side to another side of sth )
Cut sth down = cut down ( on sth ) : reduce
( cut : reduce sth – down : at a lower level )
cut off : stop the supply of sth to sb
( cut : reduce sth – off : canceled )
Dip into : read or watch only parts of sth
( dip into sth : put yourself quickly into sth )
Drop out ( of sth ) : leave school without finishing your studies
( drop : fall deliberately – out : away from the inside of sth )
Find sb out : discover that sb has done sth wrong
( find : discover – out : not correct ( in sth ) )
Fix up : make sth ready / repair
( fix : arrange / repair – up : completely )
Get on : succeed , manage , survive
( get : make yourself reach a state or condition / become – on : working )
Get over : overcome / recover
( get : become – over : from one side to another side )
Give up : stop doing or having sth
( give : hand sth – up : completely )
Go off : (alarm) make a loud noise / (bomb) explode / (electric light) stop working
( go : work (machine) – off : away from a place ( or thing ))
Go out : (fire or light) stop burning or shining
( go : move – out : away from the inside of sth )
Go on : continue without change
( go : progress – on : continuously )
Go with : combine well with sth
( go : work ( sth ) – with : in the company of sth )
Hand in : give sth to a person in authority
( hand : pass sth to sb – in : received ( letters, applications,…) )
Hold off : delay ( hold : stop – off : no longer going to happen )
Hold up : block the movement or progress of N
( hold : stop – up : happening )
Leave out = miss out : not include or mention
( leave : put down / miss : let pass – out : away from the inside of sth )
Let down : make N depressed
( let : allow N do sth without trying to stop it – down : at a lower level )
Look at : examine ( look : pay attention – at : towards N )
Look after : take care of N ( look : pay attention – after : following N )
Look into : research ( look : pay attention – into : inside sth  to discover new facts about it )
Look out = watch out : warn sb to be careful
( look = watch : pay attention – out : clearly )

3. Look over : examine sth closely( look : pay attention – over : all )
Look up : look for information in a dictionary
( look : pay attention – up : into parts )
Make out : understand sth ( make : cause sth become – out : clearly )
Make up : consist of ( number )
( make + number : add up – up : to the place where N is )
Pick up : collect sb
( pick : pull sth from sth else – up : to a higher position )
Put off : delay
( put : bring N into a state / condition – off : no longer going to happen )
Put out : stop sth burning or shining
( put : move sth into a position – out : away from the inside of sth )
Run into : meet or find N by chance
( run : move faster than walk – into : in the direction of N )
Run out ( of sth ) : finish a supply of sth
( run : make liquid flow – out of : be removed from a place )
Set off / out : begin a journey
( set : start sth happening – off : away from a place / out : away from the inside of sth )
Set up : create sth
( set : cause N in a state – up : so as to be formed or brought together ( gather up ))
Stand for sth : be an abbreviation or symbol of sth
( stand : be present in a position – for : showing a reason )
Stand in ( for sb ) : take sb’s place
( stand : be present in a position – in : within an area / a role )
Take after : resemble ( take : photograph – after : following the example of N )
Take off : remove sth ( take : put your hands – off : away from a place )
Take on : employ sb ( take : accept or receive – on : working or on duty )
Take over : gain control of a business, company,…
( take : capture – over : all )
Take up : learn or start to do sth for pleasure
( take : study a subject – up (adj) : cheerful, excited )
Talk over : discuss sth thoroughly
( talk : discuss – over : all )
Tear down : destroy a building, wall,…
( tear : pull sth apart – down : to a lower position )
Tear up : destroy a document
( tear : pull sth apart – up : into pieces )
Think about : consider N when they are doing or planning sth
( think : use your mind to consider – about : in connection with N’s actions )
Think of : remember
( think : remember – of : in connection with N’s life , career )
Think over : consider sth carefully ( think : consider – over : all )

4. Throw away / out : get rid of sth
( throw : chuck – away : to a distance from N in space / out : away from the inside of sth )
Try on : test a piece of clothing by wearing it
( try : test sth to see if it is suitable,…- on : on sb’s body )
Turn down : refuse to consider
( turn : change N’s direction / position – down : to a lower position ( ground ) )
Turn out : be discovered to be ( turn : become – out : clearly )
Turn up : arrive ( turn : change direction / position – up : to the place where N is )
Wake up : make sb stop sleeping
( wake : make sb stop sleeping – up : out of bed )
Wash up : wash dishes after a meal
( wash : make N clean – up : completely )
Work out : calculate sth / solve sth
( work : manage or operate sth to gain benefit – out : clearly )
Write down : write sth on paper
( write : make letters on a surface – down : at a lower position ( paper’s surface) )
Write out : write all details ( write : make letters on a surface – out : clearly )
Catch up on : do sth that you haven`t done earlier
( catch : capture – up : completely – on : showing the reason )
Come down to : be explained by a single important point
( talks, essays or articles have their conclusion at the bottom )
Come down with : get an illness that is not very serious
( come + adj : become – down (adj) : sad or depressed – with : in the presence of N )
Come up against : be faced with or opposed by N
( come : moving to N – up : to the place where N is – against : opposing with N )
Come up with : find an answer, money,…
( come up : moving upwards to the place where N is – with : in the presence of N )
Drop in on : pay a visit to sb
( drop : fall deliberately – in : within an area – on : in possession of sb )
Face up to : accept and deal with sth difficult or unpleasant
( face : deal with – up : at a higher level – to : reaching a state )
Get away with : steal sth and escape with it
( get : become – away : to a distance from N in space – with : in the presence of N )
Get out of : avoid a responsibility or duty
( get : make yourself reach a condition / become – out of : be removed from a place, job,…)
Get on with = get along with : have a friendly relationship with sb
( get : become – on : continuously / along : lengthwise – with : in the company of N )
Go back on : fail to keep a promise ( step on a promise to go back )
Keep up with : continue to be in contact with sb
( keep : continue – up : completely – with : in the company of N )

5. Lead up to : be an introduction to or cause of sth
( lead : go in a direction – up to : moving upwards to the place where N is )
Look down on : disregard
( look : pay attention to sb – down : at a lower level – on : on sb’s level )
Look forward to : expect
( look : pay attention – forward : towards the future – to : towards sth )
Look out for : try to avoid sth bad
( look out : be careful – for : showing the reason )
Look up to : respect
( look : pay attention – up : at a higher level – to : towards sb’s level )
Make up for : compensate for sth
( make : create sth – up : completely – for : showing the cause )
 How to learn :
First, you list the phrasal verbs that you need to memorize.
In addition, you just need to memorize the prepositions or adverbs and the meanings found
in your phrasal verbs. For example, for ‘on’, you only see the meanings: happening /
continuously / working, on duty, then you exclude the other ones.
Finally, you concentrate on each group of phrasal verbs that has the same verb. A verb will
be listed with a few meanings. When you have memorized all these meanings, you will find it
not difficult to remember a phrasal verb. For example, you see a sentence: The police are
breaking up a group of people that are fighting. You have learnt the meaning of ‘break up’, so
when you combine each meaning of ‘up’ with ‘break’, you will easily deduce its meaning in
this sentence.
 I hope that after you have learned easily the phrasal verbs above as I instructed, you will
know how to deal with the rest of the phrasal verbs. And the people who refer to this article
will give me the analysis of the above phrases in a more reasonable way. Thank you.
I wish you success.