This document summarizes Larry James' research on recognizing an 18th century historic landscape within Pensacola, Florida. It discusses British and Spanish colonial forts from 1763-1821, the American Civil War period, and antebellum urban development. Archaeological surveys have found remnants of Fort George, Queen's Redoubt, Fort San Miguel, and Fort San Bernardo. A residential survey in a historic neighborhood found high levels of cultural awareness, recognition of altered landscapes, and presences of military artifacts, showing remnants of the area's military and colonial past. The research aims to increase community awareness of the local cultural identity and heritage through history and archaeology.

1. Hidden Vestiges:
An approach to recognizing
an 18th-century historic landscape
within an urban environment
Society of Historical Archaeology, 2010 Conference
Larry James, Graduate Student, University of West Florida

2. 1763 Treaty of Paris
British Pensacola
Image courtesy of: The UWF Archaeology institute
Map taken from unknown internet site

3. Above image courtesy of : UWF John C Pace Library, Special
Drawn By H. Charles McBarron for the U.S. Army Center for Military History Collections

4. Landscape of Conflict
American Revolutionary War
1779-1781 Fort George
1779-1781 Queen’s Redoubt
1779-1781 Prince of Wales
War of 1812 / Seminole Wars
1781-1821? Fort San Miguel
1781-1821? Fort San Bernardo
1781-1821? Fort Sombrero
American Civil War
1863-1864 Fort McClellan
Images courtesy of:
Pensacola Historical Society and
The UWF Archaeology institute

5. Antebellum Urban Development

6. Herron Residence, Early 1900s

7. Herron house, 1952

8. 8ES46: Fort George
Palafox Street
N
La Rua Street
1974 Map of the North Hill Preservation District, Pensacola Fl

9. Image taken from: Pensacola News Journal May 3, 1981
8ES46: Fort George
1. Dry Moat / Palisade
Wall
2. Powder Magazine
Warehouse
3. Ind. Brick Structure
with vaulted ceiling /
compartments
18th and 19th century
military and
civilian artifacts
Artifact Images courtesy of: The Florida Public Archaeology Network

10. The Historical Record
1785 Fachin de Paramis Map
“Plano del Castillo de San Miguel de
la Avenzada en Panzacalo”
1780 Henry Heldring Map
Images courtesy of:
“Plan of Fort George” Pensacola Historical Society and
The UWF Archaeology institute

11. 8ES1367: Fort San Bernardo
Barcelona Street
Brainerd Street
N
1974 Map of the North Hill Preservation District, Pensacola Fl

12. Architectural Maps
Advanced Redoubt
1779-1781
“Queen’s Redoubt”
Spanish Fort
1781-1818?
“Fort San Bernardo”

13. 8ES1367: San Bernardo

14. LOOKING EAST
< BRAINERD STREET >
< BARCELONA STREET >

15. Contemporary Sites

16. Residential Survey of North Hill
Preliminary Results
♦ ♦
 A record of cultural
♦♦ ♦ N
awareness:
♦♦♦ ♦
♦ 92 out of 125
♦
 A record of altered
landscapes:
♦ ♦ 47 out of 125
♦ ♦♦ ♦ ♦ ♦  A record of the
♦ presence artifacts:
♦ ♦♦ 36 out of 125
♦ Recorded Site
♦
♦ Military-Related Artifact
Numbers represent positive results-to-# of
homes surveyed where primary resident
was interviewed

17. Conclusions
1. Neighborhood Growth:
affects historic districts
zoning and preservation
laws
2. Community Awareness:
educates schools, social
and political groups
3. Cultural Identity:
Local and National
heritage tourism

18. Special Thanks to:
 The University of West Florida
Archaeology Institute faculty, staff
and volunteers
 Pensacola Historical Society staff
and volunteers
 North Hill Preservation Association
 And to: Shawna Fulton for showing
us her unusual artifact from her
garden!
Historic Maps and Images courtesy of:
Pensacola Historical Society
University of West Florida Archaeology Institute
John C. Pace Library Special Collections
Google Earth
Florida Public Archaeology Network