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Land Registration and Policy Reforms Toward Gender Equality in Ethiopia
- 1. Land registration and policy reforms toward gender equality in Ethiopia Neha Kumar Agnes R Quisumbing Poverty, Hunger and Nutrition Division (PHND), IFPRI Annual Bank Conference on Land Policy and Administration April 26-27, 2010
- 2. Kes be kes enqullal be-egrwa tihedalech Page
- 5. The reforms in a nutshell (eggshell?) Page Photo: Stein Holden Photo: Agnes Quisumbing
- 9. Data Page
- 10. There is regional variation in female headship… Page
- 11. … and in resources of FHHs and MHHs Page *** significant at 1%, ** at 5%, * at 10% FHH MHH P-value Age of head 54.3 52.5 ** Highest grade obtained 4.76 6.28 *** Household size 4.39 6.38 *** Total land owned (hectares) 1.73 2.20 *** Total livestock owned (TLUs) 8.82 9.39 *** Per capita consumption in 2004 (birr) 94 91 Prop household belonging to iddir 0.76 0.89 *** Network size 8.61 11.41 *** Number of sources from which hh can borrow 1.32 1.57 ***
- 12. While differences in land management are statistically significant, magnitudes are similar Page
- 14. Index of participation in land registration process Page
- 15. Perceptions of division upon divorce in 1997, Land equally split upon a no fault divorce Page
- 16. Changes in perceptions of division upon divorce: Moved towards equality of division of land, 1997-2009 Page
- 17. Summary of regression results on land registration (with PA fixed effects) Page Knowledge of land registration Attendance at meetings Index Highest grade in hh Positive Plot area, 2004 Negative Negative Lowest land quartile, 2004 Negative 3 rd land quartile, 2004 Negative Any female members in LAC Positive Positive Member of iddir, 2004 Positive Positive
- 18. Summary of regression results on family law (with PA fixed effects) Page Move to split land 50:50 Move to split livestock 50:50 Plot area, 2004 Negative Negative Any female members in LAC Positive Positive Member of iddir, 2004 Negative Negative
Editor's Notes
- Exception is the fraction of cropped area operated by women, which is very low in MHH
- The land registration process in Tigray was very rushed, and took place without pictures, public awareness campaigns, or area measurement. This implies that land records were often quite of date, and that most of the farmers have the land certificate issued by this process as one of many. (Klaus Deininger, personal communication, February 13, 2010).
- Even before the family law, Tigray already had high prevalence of equal split upon divorce, and lowest prevalence was found in SNNPR.
- So it is not surprising that the family law had the biggest impact in the regions were the pre-existing distribution was very unequal.
- Regressions controlled for age and sex of hh head, years of schooling of head, total livestock holdings in 2004, network size, whether member has a bangk account
- Regressions controlled for age and sex of hh head, years of schooling of head, total livestock holdings in 2004, network size, whether member was aware of land registration process