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KOMUNIKASI BUKAN LISAN
DALAM KUMPULAN KECIL
• Keperluan mengetahui komunikasi bukan
lisan dalam kumpulan kecil:
1. Manusia lebih banyak berkomunikasi
secara bukan lisan (70-80%)
2. Mesej bukan lisan lebih dipercayai
daripada mesej lisan
3. Perasaan lebih berkesan disampaikan
secara bukan lisan.
Kategori Komunikasi Bukan
Lisan
• Ekman & Friesen (1975) mengkategorikan
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

kepada 5:
Lambang/simbol – isyarat tanpa lisan
Pengilustrasian – isyarat disertai lisan
Pemaparan rasa – emosi dari air muka
Pengawal (regulator) – pengawalan aliran
berkomunikasi (giliran bercakap)
Penyesuaian – adapatsi diri dengan situasi
Kategori Komunikasi Bukan
Lisan
• Mehrabian (1972) mengkategorikan kepada 3:
1. Kecenderungan – keinginan atau minat mahu
berinteraksi atau tidak (posisi tubuh dan kontak
mata, atau sentuhan)
2. Kemujaraban – perilaku menyatakan kuasa dan
status yang dimiliki
3. Keterlibatan – gerak geri mengambil bahagian
dalam interaksi (semangat untuk berbual melalui
intonasi suara)
Kategori Komunikasi Bukan
Lisan
• Ruesch & Kees (dalam Knapp, 1972)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

membahagikan komunikasi bukan lisan
kepada 5 kategori:
Isyarat berkaitan ruang dan waktu
Isyarat berkaitan pergerakan tangan
Isyarat berkaitan air muka
Isyarat berkaitan nada suara
Isyarat pakaian
Tujuan Komunikasi Bukan Lisan
1. Memberitahu atau menunjukkan sikap
2. Memberitahu atau menyembunyikan
3.
4.
5.
6.

perasaan
Menyokong komunikasi lisan
Memberi maklumbalas
Memberitahu giliran bercakap
Membentuk keserasian
Prinsip-prinsip Perlu Difahami oleh
Komunikator Dalam Komunikasi Bukan
Lisan

1. Kualiti perhubungan antara ahli kumpulan
dibentuk & dikekalkan menerusi komunikasi
bukan lisan
2. Jika komunikasi lisan bercanggah dengan
komunikasi bukan lisan, mesej bukan lisan
adalah lebih dipercayai
3. Isyarat bukan lisan hanya bermakna apabila ada
yang mentafsirnya
4. Tafsiran kita tentang perlakuan seseorang perlu
mengambil kira konteks dan pertalian kuasa
Prinsip-prinsip Perlu Difahami oleh
Komunikator Dalam Komunikasi Bukan
Lisan
5. Tingkah laku anggota kumpulan mestilah
selaras dengan budaya di mana kumpulan
itu wujud
6. Kepekaan terhadap komunikasi bukan lisan
berbeza dari seseorang kepada seseorang
lain.

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Komunikasi bukan lisan

  • 1. KOMUNIKASI BUKAN LISAN DALAM KUMPULAN KECIL • Keperluan mengetahui komunikasi bukan lisan dalam kumpulan kecil: 1. Manusia lebih banyak berkomunikasi secara bukan lisan (70-80%) 2. Mesej bukan lisan lebih dipercayai daripada mesej lisan 3. Perasaan lebih berkesan disampaikan secara bukan lisan.
  • 2. Kategori Komunikasi Bukan Lisan • Ekman & Friesen (1975) mengkategorikan 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. kepada 5: Lambang/simbol – isyarat tanpa lisan Pengilustrasian – isyarat disertai lisan Pemaparan rasa – emosi dari air muka Pengawal (regulator) – pengawalan aliran berkomunikasi (giliran bercakap) Penyesuaian – adapatsi diri dengan situasi
  • 3. Kategori Komunikasi Bukan Lisan • Mehrabian (1972) mengkategorikan kepada 3: 1. Kecenderungan – keinginan atau minat mahu berinteraksi atau tidak (posisi tubuh dan kontak mata, atau sentuhan) 2. Kemujaraban – perilaku menyatakan kuasa dan status yang dimiliki 3. Keterlibatan – gerak geri mengambil bahagian dalam interaksi (semangat untuk berbual melalui intonasi suara)
  • 4. Kategori Komunikasi Bukan Lisan • Ruesch & Kees (dalam Knapp, 1972) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. membahagikan komunikasi bukan lisan kepada 5 kategori: Isyarat berkaitan ruang dan waktu Isyarat berkaitan pergerakan tangan Isyarat berkaitan air muka Isyarat berkaitan nada suara Isyarat pakaian
  • 5. Tujuan Komunikasi Bukan Lisan 1. Memberitahu atau menunjukkan sikap 2. Memberitahu atau menyembunyikan 3. 4. 5. 6. perasaan Menyokong komunikasi lisan Memberi maklumbalas Memberitahu giliran bercakap Membentuk keserasian
  • 6. Prinsip-prinsip Perlu Difahami oleh Komunikator Dalam Komunikasi Bukan Lisan 1. Kualiti perhubungan antara ahli kumpulan dibentuk & dikekalkan menerusi komunikasi bukan lisan 2. Jika komunikasi lisan bercanggah dengan komunikasi bukan lisan, mesej bukan lisan adalah lebih dipercayai 3. Isyarat bukan lisan hanya bermakna apabila ada yang mentafsirnya 4. Tafsiran kita tentang perlakuan seseorang perlu mengambil kira konteks dan pertalian kuasa
  • 7. Prinsip-prinsip Perlu Difahami oleh Komunikator Dalam Komunikasi Bukan Lisan 5. Tingkah laku anggota kumpulan mestilah selaras dengan budaya di mana kumpulan itu wujud 6. Kepekaan terhadap komunikasi bukan lisan berbeza dari seseorang kepada seseorang lain.