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![© 2023 Neo4j, Inc. All rights reserved.
Graph Enrichment
14
Human-crafted query, human-readable result
MATCH (p1:Person)-[:ENEMY]->(:Person)<-[:ENEMY]-(p2:PERSON)
MERGE (p1)-[:FRIEND]->(p2)
AI-learned formula, machine-readable result
Predefined formula, human-readable result
PageRank(Emil) = 13.25
PageRank(Phani) = 4.83
PageRank(Katie) = 4.75
Node2Vec(Emil) =[5.4 5.1 2.4 4.5 3.1]
Node2Vec(Phani)=[2.8 1.8 7.2 0.9 3.0]
Node2Vec(Katie)=[1.4 5.2 4.4 3.9 3.2]
Queries
Algorithms
Embeddings
Machine
Learning
Workflows
Train ML models
based on results](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/knowledgegraphsandgenerativeaigraphsummitminneapolissept20-230926170131-e82de25d/85/Knowledge-Graphs-and-Generative-AI_GraphSummit-Minneapolis-Sept-20-pptx-14-320.jpg)
![© 2023 Neo4j, Inc. All rights reserved.
Text Embeddings for Semantics
[0.2322,0.3321,….,0.0021]
[0.3233,0.3543,….,0.0047]
[0.5674,0.2134,….,0.0054]
[0.4565,0.2345,….,0.0342]
[0.8743,0.4343,….,0.0234]
LLM APIs
(OpenAI/ VertexAI/
AWS Bedrock etc.)
Text
Embeddings
Article PDFs
(Unstructured Data)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/knowledgegraphsandgenerativeaigraphsummitminneapolissept20-230926170131-e82de25d/85/Knowledge-Graphs-and-Generative-AI_GraphSummit-Minneapolis-Sept-20-pptx-17-320.jpg)
![© 2023 Neo4j, Inc. All rights reserved.
Graph Embeddings for Context and Semantics
[0.2322,0.3321,….,0.0021]
[0.3233,0.3543,….,0.0047]
[0.5674,0.2134,….,0.0054]
[0.4565,0.2345,….,0.0342]
[0.8743,0.4343,….,0.0234]
Dario Amodei [0.0432, 0.4432, …, 0.3412]
Daniela Amodei [0.7643, 0.4214, …, 0.0043]
Shariq Hashme [0.1234, 0.4544, …, 0.0543]
Graph
Embeddings](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/knowledgegraphsandgenerativeaigraphsummitminneapolissept20-230926170131-e82de25d/85/Knowledge-Graphs-and-Generative-AI_GraphSummit-Minneapolis-Sept-20-pptx-18-320.jpg)
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Knowledge Graphs and Generative AI_GraphSummit Minneapolis Sept 20.pptx
This document discusses using knowledge graphs to ground large language models (LLMs) and improve their abilities. It begins with an overview of generative AI and LLMs, noting their opportunities but also challenges like lack of knowledge and inability to verify sources. The document then proposes using a knowledge graph like Neo4j to provide context and ground LLMs, describing how graphs can be enriched with algorithms, embeddings and other data. Finally, it demonstrates how contextual searches and responses can be improved by retrieving relevant information from the knowledge graph to augment LLM responses.
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Knowledge Graphs and Generative AI_GraphSummit Minneapolis Sept 20.pptx
- 1. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. © 2023 Neo4j, Inc. All rights reserved. Knowledge Graphs and Generative AI LLMs with Graphs & Graph Data Science 1 Graph Summit Minneapolis September 20, 2023
- 2. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. © 2023 Neo4j, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 Agenda 1. Generative AI and LLMs 2. Grounding LLMs with Knowledge Graphs 3. Demo Phani Dathar Ph.D. Director, Graph Data Science
- 3. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. 3 Generative AI and LLMs artificial intelligence (AI) system that generates text, images, or other media in response to prompts Generative AI are large neural networks with billions of parameters trained on large quantities of text data often using self-supervised / semi-supervised approaches. Eg: GPT-4/Bard/Claude Large Language Models (LLM) ML approach that models the probability distribution over a sequence of words. Language Model are trained on large scale data, using no supervision or self- supervision, that can be adapted to a wide range of downstream tasks. Foundation Models (FM)
- 4. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. 4 LLMs Give Us an Amazing Opportunity to: Automate data retrieval tasks 1 Improve customer service experiences Expedite reading, understanding, & summarizing 2 3 Generate content & code 4
- 5. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. But There Are Challenges… Knowledge cut-off 1 Reasonable answers, not always accurate Can inherit bias through training data 2 3 Lack of enterprise domain knowledge 4 Inability to verify or attribute sources 5
- 6. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. © 2023 Neo4j, Inc. All rights reserved. How can you take advantage of this massive opportunity while overcoming these challenges? 6
- 7. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. © 2023 Neo4j, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Use a Knowledge Graph to Ground LLMs
- 8. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. 8 Grounding with Neo4j Knowledge Graphs Connect Consume Enrich Context rich, connected view of your data that enables easier decision making Enhance your data with graph data science, text embeddings, and additional derived context Ground responses with information and context in the graph Improve search relevance combining vector search and graph traversals
- 9. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. © 2023 Neo4j, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 With Knowledge Graphs Connected Data
- 10. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. 10 Knowledge Graphs Structured Unstructured Ontologies Natural Relationships
- 11. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. What can you do with a knowledge graph? Collaborative filtering: users who bought X, also bought Y (open- ended pattern matching) What items make you more likely to buy additional items in subsequent transactions? Traverse hierarchies - what items are similar 4+ hops out? How many flagged accounts are in the applicant’s network 4+ hops out? How many login / account variables in common? Add these metrics to your approval process What completes the connections from genes to diseases to targets? What genes can be reached 4+ hops out from a known drug target? What mechanisms in common are there between two drugs? Financial Domain Life Sciences Marketing and Recommendations
- 12. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. © 2023 Neo4j, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 With Cypher Patterns, Graph Data Science & Text Embeddings Enrich
- 13. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. 13 Enriched Knowledge Graphs Structured Unstructured Ontologies Graph Algorithms and Graph Queries Semantics, Derived Relationships and Additional Context Natural Relationships
- 14. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. Graph Enrichment 14 Human-crafted query, human-readable result MATCH (p1:Person)-[:ENEMY]->(:Person)<-[:ENEMY]-(p2:PERSON) MERGE (p1)-[:FRIEND]->(p2) AI-learned formula, machine-readable result Predefined formula, human-readable result PageRank(Emil) = 13.25 PageRank(Phani) = 4.83 PageRank(Katie) = 4.75 Node2Vec(Emil) =[5.4 5.1 2.4 4.5 3.1] Node2Vec(Phani)=[2.8 1.8 7.2 0.9 3.0] Node2Vec(Katie)=[1.4 5.2 4.4 3.9 3.2] Queries Algorithms Embeddings Machine Learning Workflows Train ML models based on results
- 15. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. What are Graph Algorithms?
- 16. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. Graph Algorithms for Insights Outliers, Influencers, Vulnerabilities,... Recommendations, Homophily, Outliers,... Recommendations, What-if Analysis, Disambiguation,... Dimensionality Reduction, Representation Learning,... Shortest Path, Optimal path, Route Optimization,... Link prediction, Recommendations, Next-Best Action,...
- 17. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. Text Embeddings for Semantics [0.2322,0.3321,….,0.0021] [0.3233,0.3543,….,0.0047] [0.5674,0.2134,….,0.0054] [0.4565,0.2345,….,0.0342] [0.8743,0.4343,….,0.0234] LLM APIs (OpenAI/ VertexAI/ AWS Bedrock etc.) Text Embeddings Article PDFs (Unstructured Data)
- 18. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. Graph Embeddings for Context and Semantics [0.2322,0.3321,….,0.0021] [0.3233,0.3543,….,0.0047] [0.5674,0.2134,….,0.0054] [0.4565,0.2345,….,0.0342] [0.8743,0.4343,….,0.0234] Dario Amodei [0.0432, 0.4432, …, 0.3412] Daniela Amodei [0.7643, 0.4214, …, 0.0043] Shariq Hashme [0.1234, 0.4544, …, 0.0543] Graph Embeddings
- 19. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. © 2023 Neo4j, Inc. All rights reserved. 19 Contextual and Semantic Information Retrieval Consume
- 20. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. 20 Contextual and Semantic Information Vector Similarity Search Graph Traversals & Pattern Matching Knowledge Graph Inference & ML Find relevant documents and content for user queries Find people, places, and things associated to content. Identify patterns in connected data. Further improve search relevance and insights by enhancing your Knowledge Graph. Use graph algorithms and ML to discover new relationships, entities, and groups. Vector Databases Graph Database Neo4j SEMANTICS CONTEXT RELEVANCE HNSW
- 21. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. 21 Knowledge Retrieval with Neo4j
- 22. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. Knowledge Retrieval with Neo4j Q: Does claim X have any association with previous fraudulent parties? Q: Provide a list of claims with damage amounts >$100,000 Q: What policyholders may be impacted by Hurricane Calvin?
- 23. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. RAG (Retrieval Augmented Generation) Pattern with Neo4j Neo4j LLM API User Cypher Prompt + Relevant Information Prompt Response Relevant Results Retrieve relevant results from Neo4j using LLM to generate embeddings and/or Cypher 2 3 1 1 2 3 Combine relevant results with prompt Instruct LLM to only use the relevant results to generate response LLM API Embeddings and/or Cypher Generation Improved ACCURACY and RELEVANCE of responses E.g. What is the impact of Hurricane Calvin? Hurricane Calvin caused minor flooding in Hawaii…. vs… 50 policyholders may be at risk of property damage due to Hurricane Calvin.
- 24. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. Knowledge Graphs Graph Feature Engineering and Graph ML Graph Analytics, Investigations and Counterfactuals Contextual and Semantic Information Retrieval Capitalize Interpret Connect Analyze Neo4j Neo4j GDS Neo4j Bloom Neo4j Connectors Neo4j Enriches All Phases of an AI Ecosystem
- 25. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. © 2023 Neo4j, Inc. All rights reserved. 25 Demo
- 26. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. Typical Business Resilience Data Analyze business impact of ● software & OS vulnerabilities, ● hardware & software upgrades, ● building/geographic disasters ● changes to business data formats …across mission critical applications and business locations hierarchies, flows, relationships…
- 27. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. Full Data Model CVE Data Business Data Elements Vendors,Software Business Tasks Application Instances Data Transfers People/Roles Locations IT Assets
- 28. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. LangChain Demo Application • Translates English to Cypher • Consumption using LLM model with few shot prompting • Data augmentation from Neo4j response
- 29. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. Questions • How many CVEs are reported till date? • Which applications are affected by CVE CVE-2019-16942? • Which applications are similar to Finacle Core Banking? • What business processes are supported by the application Finacle Core Banking? • What is the location with the highest Crime Risk? Please include the five most recent crime events
- 30. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. Knowledge Graph Neo4j AuraDS Graph Data Science Graph DB Intelligent Apps Knowledge Extraction and Ingestion Structured Unstructured Ontologies Data Sources API Layer Customer Service Ticket Triaging Recommendations News Content & Discovery Enterprise Knowledge Search Patient Prioritization Clinical Decision Support Systems Pharmacovigilance Health Assistants FAQ Bots Neo4j and Generative AI Bloom Google Vertex AI Azure OpenAI Service Amazon Bedrock Google Vertex AI Azure OpenAI Service Amazon Bedrock Step 1: Capture Knowledge Step2: Enrich Step 3: Semantic & Contextual Search
- 31. © 2023 Neo4j,Inc. All rights reserved. © 2023 Neo4j, Inc. All rights reserved. 31 phani.dathar@neo4j.com Thank you!
Editor's Notes
- #4 LLMs are obviously the hot new topic, and they are fall within the larger exciting field of Generative AI LLMs focus on generating LANGUAGE specifically, whether that is natural language such as in summarizing texts or driving chat interactions, or more specialized language scenarios like code. I’m pretty sure that most of us in this room have tested them out in some capacity - and it is really amazing how well they draft summaries or even write python and cypher snippets :-) Last week I used chatgpt to name this presentation - i gave it an outline and asked it to come up with a catchy title there are so many ways these models can assist our work and lives
- #5 LLMs are obviously the hot new topic, and they are fall within the larger exciting field of Generative AI LLMs focus on generating LANGUAGE specifically, whether that is natural language such as in summarizing texts or driving chat interactions, or more specialized language scenarios like code. I’m pretty sure that most of us in this room have tested them out in some capacity - and it is really amazing how well they draft summaries or even write python and cypher snippets :-) Last week I used chatgpt to name this presentation - i gave it an outline and asked it to come up with a catchy title there are so many ways these models can assist our work and lives
- #6 LLMs are probabilistic models, that take a lot of data, and a lot of time and resources to train This results in some limitations - because it takes a significant amount of effort to train, you can’t keep constantly adding data, so some of the models are years out of date Also this means that rather than giving you a factual answer, they will give you the most PROBABLE answer This answer is greatly dependent on what it has been exposed to - which opens risk for bias Emphasis This training data is also largely based on general knowledge, as opposed to having specific expertise in your organization, and is not easily auditable or explainable For example - if you are a financial analyst and ask it a question like - which managers own a particular stock, it will give you back a list of people rather than understand that Manager in this case is an institutional investment manager
- #7 So what do we do? Not using LLMs will mean being left in the past, but how do we get LLMs to attend more math classes as Sudhir said, and be less creative when we need them to be factual?
- #8 Adding a Neo4j knowledge graph to your LLMs help improve relevance and explainability of answers by grounding it and ensuring the LLM response is underpinned with facts. This process is called Retrieval Augmented Generation. This approach combines the creative power of your generative model with the stored data of your knowledge graph for more accurate responses. User asks a question LLM directed to look for information in Neo4j Response generated based on the trusted content that is curated by the organization
- #9 Why specifically use Neo4j to ground your LLMs? Graphs inherently capture CONTEXT When you are looking for information about an individual or organization, just identifying them isn’t enough, you also want to know your complete relationship with that person or company, how do their interactions with you compare to those of their peers. Graph data science allows you to enrich your data - you can infer new information about those entities based on their relationships - like the risk associated with an entity, or identify other similar entities So you have all this wonderful information - how do you get it to consumers? When we combine graphs and LLMs - any user, regardless of graph skill, can access reliable, and relevant information
- #10 Let’s walk through these steps
- #11 I’ll go through this step quickly because I think you’ve had exposure to this before Building a knowledge graph, we start with data in its native form, identifying all of the sources that have information related to your business problem. In most cases, this information is silo’d across a large variety of sources, and data formats We then ingest all of these sources into a graph where information between your unstructured and structured data becomes connected. This allows us to start thinking about step 2, enrichment, where we can layer in semantics and use graph algorithms and queries to derive implicit relationships and capture even more context.
- #12 But just this first step gives us so much information - by making the natural relationships explicit, we can start answering questions that would otherwise take hours of preprocessing and data joining with tabular data. Things like What is the overall fraud risk of an account across channels, including risk implications that are based on more distant relationships with flagged accounts. Or tracing ingredients and how a drug is made to how the drug reacts with different genes, which would normally require pulling information about the manufacturing of a particular drug, form, active ingredients, additional ingredients, and more And comparing patterns of user activities seeing which actions most commonly lead to purchase behaviors —---NEXT-------- —---------------- Once have building blocks - expand to capture heter ogeneous entities in business Life science - manufacturing drug - not simple - what is drug, tylenol - has active ingredients + other ingredients to make pill - lots of research has been done to know how drug reacts with gene, - how relates to other genes, / diseases, how is drug made - captures a lot of aspects of business - what completes connection from genes to diseases to targets – would take a TON of preprocessing without graph, in graph - just traversing relationships. Trivial questions - answered looking at relationships only. Otherwise very difficult Graph data science is also a science driven approach but in this world, data scientists use relationships to answer questions.. and the good news is it’s not EITHER/OR….it’s BOTH we can leverage both since relationships are already in your data.. TO ADD/EDIT: few diff use cases, / applications. Had a few banks attending - v. high level, if want to generalize model looks something like this - account holder, bank, pii info, SS, phone number, address etc. also transactions etc not represented here. Also see ppl sharing information. if want to ask question, query this, bc way data stored in graph db, traverse - multiple hops. want to see dependence btw drugs, easily more than 4 hops - better to have graph than joins retail - graph db top use case, similarity btw customer based on behavior, traverse find similarity btw customers, btw products, correlation of products purchased together, marketing, search, adopted by most top retailers. looking at local pattern matches with Cypher - in Finserv, given an account holder, how many flagged accounts are out - links to metadata, bank accounts mobile apps, if know what data model looks like - diagram makes up entities and semantic relationships connecting them - 4 hops out makes sense. more a semantic statement than pure traversal statement. Old — So a lot of times when we start talking to prospects, they’re really excited about using graph data science, and we’re very excited that they want to use it, but we always want to start off as simple as possible and see what they can accomplish with just cypher. Sometimes just changing your data structure from relational to graph and realizing those relationships that are hidden in your data can answer your questions without requiring algorithms or ML. That said, a lot of problems DO require machine learning, it’s just about using the right tools for the problem at hand. For example in finance and identifying fraud, you might want to evaluate fraud risk for a particular applicant, and with relational data you might be able to see ok, this person shares a SSN with another account one hop or one relationship away, but you wouldn’t have visibility into how many flagged accounts are 4 hops out, and how many common identifiers are shared with those nodes? And so just with cypher queries you can get a lot of important information that might influence your decision to approve a request or flag an account as risky for further follow up. And that can be helpful to just be cypher because you want those interactions to be very fast and at that millisecond response level. Life sciences also has some really cool applications, traversing the graph to understand what connects genes to diseases to targets, and understanding those more distant relationships to help improve drug repurposing studies. And then we have a lot of common marketing and recommendations applications with cypher queries. So if two customers buy the same product, can we compare their other purchases to what else they are likely to buy. Once we start moving away from just traversing relationships and trying to compare user patterns at the network level, that’s when we want to start bringing in graph data science. And keep in mind, this is not an either or situation, you can use BOTH cypher queries AND graph machine learning and algorithms because we start with relationships already realized in the data.
- #13 What may seem like complex questions become simple queries, so we’re already seeing value - but there’s still more information hidden in the patterns of relationships, waiting to be pulled out.
- #14 I’ll go through this step quickly because I think you’ve had exposure to this before Building a knowledge graph, we start with data in its native form, identifying all of the sources that have information related to your business problem. In most cases, this information is silo’d across a large variety of sources, and data formats We then ingest all of these sources into a graph where information between your unstructured and structured data becomes connected. This allows us to start thinking about step 2, enrichment, where we can layer in semantics and use graph algorithms and queries to derive implicit relationships and capture even more context.
- #15 We can tease out that enrichment in this several ways Create Derived relationships With queries and simple pattern matches Algorithms to capture things within the larger context of the graph, like relative importance - or influence in a social network - or community information And finally we can capture the broader context of a node by capturing its neighborhood and representing it as an as a two dimensional vector or embedding. Node Embeddings capture the broader neighborhood around an entity as a vector, Allow us to identify similar entities based on their social network or activities like in customer journey katie and phani more similar than Emil they will also become important when we start thinking about our final step of integrating with LLMs All of these can directly surface information in the graph, or be used as input features to help enrich ML Pipelines - so for example in a fraud use case we may create direct relationships between users with shared identifiers generate influence scores as well as community statistics and then capture their interactions with users multiple hops away as an embedding to predict fraud
- #16 The types of insights and enrichment we can derive from the use of graph algorithms is quite varied because the underlying approaches themselves are varied, and map onto traditional ML concepts we have unsupervised and supervised approaches Unsupervised - clustering and association based on similarity/distance in network Dimensionality reduction - how impt a node is Capture local network in embeddings Also supervised approaches ….
- #17 Choosing the right category is all about your use case Centrality is about finding influencers or most important nodes in your graph, and understanding how they impact the network. For example key bridge points between subnetworks can highlight risk points or vulnerabilities in supply chains. Or Influencers in a social network Within Pathfinding - shortest path can link drug targets to the most likely outcomes or side effects, or find optimal paths in routing scenarios within supply chain or energy sectors. Community detection enables more targeted recommendations, customer segmentation, and entity resolution Similarity algorithms are also key to associate similar nodes (JACOB), and enable what-if analysis and disaster recovery scenarios Embeddings - as I mentioned earlier help us capture higher dimension signals and use them in predictive pipelines or to eval similarity - in this case similarity from perspective of network features And finally link prediction can be used to enrich the graph and handle data quality challenges as well as find the next best recommendation or action for an individual DONT’ READ —--------- Instead of hand crafting these image representations, we can learn them. That is known as representation learning. We can have a neural network which takes the image as an input and outputs a vector, which is the feature representation of the image. This is the representation learner.
- #18 Choosing the right category is all about your use case Centrality is about finding influencers or most important nodes in your graph, and understanding how they impact the network. For example key bridge points between subnetworks can highlight risk points or vulnerabilities in supply chains. Or Influencers in a social network Within Pathfinding - shortest path can link drug targets to the most likely outcomes or side effects, or find optimal paths in routing scenarios within supply chain or energy sectors. Community detection enables more targeted recommendations, customer segmentation, and entity resolution Similarity algorithms are also key to associate similar nodes (JACOB), and enable what-if analysis and disaster recovery scenarios Embeddings - as I mentioned earlier help us capture higher dimension signals and use them in predictive pipelines or to eval similarity - in this case similarity from perspective of network features And finally link prediction can be used to enrich the graph and handle data quality challenges as well as find the next best recommendation or action for an individual DONT’ READ —--------- Instead of hand crafting these image representations, we can learn them. That is known as representation learning. We can have a neural network which takes the image as an input and outputs a vector, which is the feature representation of the image. This is the representation learner.
- #19 Choosing the right category is all about your use case Centrality is about finding influencers or most important nodes in your graph, and understanding how they impact the network. For example key bridge points between subnetworks can highlight risk points or vulnerabilities in supply chains. Or Influencers in a social network Within Pathfinding - shortest path can link drug targets to the most likely outcomes or side effects, or find optimal paths in routing scenarios within supply chain or energy sectors. Community detection enables more targeted recommendations, customer segmentation, and entity resolution Similarity algorithms are also key to associate similar nodes (JACOB), and enable what-if analysis and disaster recovery scenarios Embeddings - as I mentioned earlier help us capture higher dimension signals and use them in predictive pipelines or to eval similarity - in this case similarity from perspective of network features And finally link prediction can be used to enrich the graph and handle data quality challenges as well as find the next best recommendation or action for an individual DONT’ READ —--------- Instead of hand crafting these image representations, we can learn them. That is known as representation learning. We can have a neural network which takes the image as an input and outputs a vector, which is the feature representation of the image. This is the representation learner.
- #20 So far we have our graph, we’ve enriched it with algorithms, and we can use vectors to query it, so we’re ready for LLMs
- #21 Same is true of powering semantic search Vector similarity is just the first step - with a particular search query you can find the most relevant mentions or documents in your data As you layer in graph queries then you start to understand the more complete context, who authored that particular document, what job title do they have, who else is on their team, and who else contributed to or has access to that information? With graph algorithms we can further inform the author’s influence in the organization or who has similar interests, and so on These last two steps are critical in supplying context and helping to filter responses to the most relevant information. They also play an important role in improving search where text and other document focused references are sparse. Example: using search to find people who have the knowledge relevant to help solve a bug you’ve encountered you may search for FAQ or customer support tickets using vector search, and look at the authors. But then that will limit you to only people who have taken the time to document their knowledge, and those people may no longer even be in a relevant role or with the company. With the graph, you can take another step out in context and ask - what skills did the author have, and who else has those skills and is in a relevant role currently? Based on their influence - How trusted are their responses? You can increase the breadth and the relevance of your search to make sure you find the right people to solve the problem.
- #22 This type of maturity in approach enables you to tackle those challenges we talked about at the beginning By taking advantage of both semantic embeddings provided by LLMs, AND the rich, human readable data in a knowledge graph, you can reduce hallucinations and get domain specific responses.
- #23 Now, Let's dive a little deeper into the process. How exactly do we achieve this? We start by connecting to neo4j and getting the graph schema we want to understand. We provide that as context to AI, along with some training examples which primes it with custom domain knowledge. We can also optionally fine tune the model with even more domain specific examples And then given it’s knowledge about the database, it generates a query to interact with the database, and summarize the resulting data We are now able to answer our questions using natural language.
- #24 This grounding is called retrieval augmented generation (explain diagram) Knowledge Graphs enable linking of structured and unstructured data for most accurate & relevant results
- #25 Ultimately - whether you’re using GenAI or other ML - graphs play a key role in getting the full value out of your data Graphs pull out the relationships that natively exists Can then gain more context and valuable information using graph algos Interpret and communicate results with analysts using bloom Integrate with a wide variety of technologies including large language models and ai platforms to further extend the value of your data. Excited to see how applications of graphs and genai develop, and come chat with me during the reception, i’d love to hear what you’re working on! Xo katie
- #26 Let’s see this in practice
- #27 Going to use a Business intelligence Data model In this use case it’s important to bring together information across the organization connect critical vulnerabilities, software applications, data centers and other IT assets etc to be able to have insights about how each vulnerability - be it cybersecurity or physical will impact your business processes This is a simplified version, but under the covers it is much more than a few joins, it’s a network of information - each one of these icons has its own web of hierarchies and relationships
- #28 So this is what the actual data model looks like, where we have all of those different domains of data, people, locations, vulnerabilities, and are able to surface those connections to easily understand how a particular vulnerability may impact software applications which therefore impacts business tasks. That’s what we’ll go through in the demo
- #29 A little bit on what’s happening under the hood before i jump into the demo We’re using LangChain to orchestrate interactions btw database and the selected LLM Few shot prompting, just providing a few examples Maruti showed you a bit of the behind the scenes details for what a prompt looks like
- #30 A little bit on what’s happening under the hood before i jump into the demo We’re using LangChain to orchestrate interactions btw database and the selected LLM Few shot prompting, just providing a few examples Maruti showed you a bit of the behind the scenes details for what a prompt looks like
- #31 Before I leave you - I want to highlight where Neo4j sits more broadly in the Generative AI ecosystem. data and LLMs can help capture knowledge and accelerated data ingest process, particularly with unstructured data (didn’t focus on this topic today - but thankfully Maruti highlighted this in his presentation - if you have questions, come find me) Then in the graph we can enrich the factual data of your org using graph queries, algorithms, and data science work flows Finally - Leverage LLMs to enable chatbots and semantic search to power applications - you can increase accuracy and relevance of recommendations, facilitate sourcing of institutional knowledge in customer service and ticketing use cases, there are so many ways you can apply this technology