HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) merupakan virus yang merusak sistem kekebalan tubuh dengan menginfeksi dan juga menghancurkan sel CD4. AIDS merupakan stadium akhir dari HIV.
pelajari tahap-tahapan virus HIV yang dapat terjadi.
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) merupakan virus yang merusak sistem kekebalan tubuh dengan menginfeksi dan juga menghancurkan sel CD4. Semakin banyak sel CD4 yang hancur, daya tahan tubuh semakin melemah sehingga rentan diserang berbagai penyakit. Bagi yang belum tahu sel CD4 adalah salah 1 jenis sel darah putih yang disebut limfosit yang mempunyai bagian penting dalam menjaga sistem kekebalan tubuh. Sel CD4 dalam ilmu medis juga biasa disebut sel-T.
HIV yang tidak segera ditangani akan terus berkembang menjadi kondisi yang lebih serius, yang disebut AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). AIDS merupakan stadium akhir dari HIV. Pada tahap ini, kemampuan tubuh untuk melawan virus sudah tidak ada.
Seks bebas yang biasa dikenal dengan perilaku seksual yang dilakukan sebelum nikah. Hal tersebut bisa terjadi antara dengan satu pasangan atau berganti-ganti pasangan. Hal ini juga dapat dilakukan tanpa adanya komitmen atau bahkan tanpa ikatan emosional, seperti seks dalam pacaran (seks pranikah), cinta satu malam, prostitusi, dan bertukar pasangan dengan pasangan lain (swinging).
Untuk mencegah penularan penyakit menular seksual, sebaiknya Anda melakukan hubungan seks yang aman, terutama tidak dengan berganti-ganti pasangan.
Namun, prosedur ini tampaknya tidak sepenuhnya melindungi Anda dari PMS. Bahkan jika Anda hanya berhubungan seks dengan pasangan Anda, suami/istri Anda belum tentu melakukan hal yang sama seperti anda.
Pasangan Anda mungkin tidak bebas dari penyakit menular, seperti infeksi jamur vagina, dan begitu pula sebaliknya dengan Anda. Oleh karena itu, penyakit menular seksual masih bisa menular antar pasangan.
Gonore atau kencing nanah tidak hanya menyerang orang dewasa baik pria maupun wanita, namun juga anak-anak. pelajari gejala, penyebab dan pencegahannya dalam artikel ini.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) merupakan virus yang merusak sistem kekebalan tubuh dengan menginfeksi dan juga menghancurkan sel CD4. Semakin banyak sel CD4 yang hancur, daya tahan tubuh semakin melemah sehingga rentan diserang berbagai penyakit. Bagi yang belum tahu sel CD4 adalah salah 1 jenis sel darah putih yang disebut limfosit yang mempunyai bagian penting dalam menjaga sistem kekebalan tubuh. Sel CD4 dalam ilmu medis juga biasa disebut sel-T.
HIV yang tidak segera ditangani akan terus berkembang menjadi kondisi yang lebih serius, yang disebut AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). AIDS merupakan stadium akhir dari HIV. Pada tahap ini, kemampuan tubuh untuk melawan virus sudah tidak ada.
Seks bebas yang biasa dikenal dengan perilaku seksual yang dilakukan sebelum nikah. Hal tersebut bisa terjadi antara dengan satu pasangan atau berganti-ganti pasangan. Hal ini juga dapat dilakukan tanpa adanya komitmen atau bahkan tanpa ikatan emosional, seperti seks dalam pacaran (seks pranikah), cinta satu malam, prostitusi, dan bertukar pasangan dengan pasangan lain (swinging).
Untuk mencegah penularan penyakit menular seksual, sebaiknya Anda melakukan hubungan seks yang aman, terutama tidak dengan berganti-ganti pasangan.
Namun, prosedur ini tampaknya tidak sepenuhnya melindungi Anda dari PMS. Bahkan jika Anda hanya berhubungan seks dengan pasangan Anda, suami/istri Anda belum tentu melakukan hal yang sama seperti anda.
Pasangan Anda mungkin tidak bebas dari penyakit menular, seperti infeksi jamur vagina, dan begitu pula sebaliknya dengan Anda. Oleh karena itu, penyakit menular seksual masih bisa menular antar pasangan.
Gonore atau kencing nanah tidak hanya menyerang orang dewasa baik pria maupun wanita, namun juga anak-anak. pelajari gejala, penyebab dan pencegahannya dalam artikel ini.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
This session highlights best practices and lessons learned for U.S. Bike Route System designation, as well as how and why these routes should be integrated into bicycle planning at the local and regional level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
This session highlights best practices and lessons learned for U.S. Bike Route System designation, as well as how and why these routes should be integrated into bicycle planning at the local and regional level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
klinikkelaminku.com-TAHAP HIV AIDS DAN KOMPLIKASI.pdf
1. 1/4
07/28/202207/28/2022
TAHAP HIV AIDS DAN KOMPLIKASI
klinikkelaminku.com/tahap-hiv-aids-dan-komplikasi
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) merupakan virus yang merusak sistem
kekebalan tubuh dengan menginfeksi dan juga menghancurkan sel CD4. AIDS
merupakan stadium akhir dari HIV.
TAHAP-TAHAP HIV AIDS
Gejala HIV dan AIDS sesuai pada tahap mana orang tersebut terinfeksi.
Tahap Pertama:
2. 2/4
1. Tidak menimbulkan gejala apapun selama beberapa tahun kedepan.
2. Penderita akan mengalami flu, beberapa minggu setelah terinfeksi, selama satu
hingga dua bulan.
3. Akan timbul demam, nyeri tenggorokan, ruam, pembengkakan kelenjar getah
bening, diare, kelelahan, nyeri otot dan sendi.
Tahap Kedua:
1. Virus akan terus menyebar dan juga merusak sistem kekebalan tubuh sehingga
tubuh rentan terserang penyakit maupun infeksi.
2. Penularan infeksi sudah dapat dilakukan pengidap kepada orang lain.
3. Berlangsung hingga 10 tahun ataupun lebih.
Tahap Ketiga:
1. Daya tahan tubuh sudah sangat menurun, sehingga mudah sekali sakit, dan akan
berlanjut menjadi AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome).
2. Demam secara terus-menerus lebih dari sepuluh hari.
3. Lebih sering lelah setiap saat.
4. Kesulitan untuk bernapas.
5. Diare berat dan dalam jangka waktu yang cukup lama.
6. Terjadi infeksi jamur pada tenggorokan, mulut dan juga vagina.
7. Hilangnya nafsu makan, sehingga berat badan akan turun drastis.
Komplikasi HIV dan AIDS
Infeksi HIV melemahkan sistem kekebalan tubuh yang membuat penderita lebih
mungkin untuk mengembangkan banyak infeksi dan jenis kanker tertentu. Komplikasi
HIV dan AIDS yang bisa terjadi yaitu:
Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP)
Infeksi jamur PCP dapat menyebabkan komplikasi pneumonia yang parah.
Kandidiasis
Kandidiasis merupakan komplikasi dari HIV yang bisa menyebabkan peradangan dan
dapat memicu pertumbuhan lapisan putih tebal di mulut, lidah, kerongkongan ataupun
vagina. Kandidiasis disebabkan oleh infeksi oleh jamur Candida Albicans.
Tuberkulosis (TBC/TB)
TB ialah infeksi oportunistik umum yang terkait dengan HIV. TB merupakan salah satu
penyebab utama kematian di antara orang-orang dengan AIDS. TB sering menyerang
organ paru-paru yang mengakibatkan penderitanya mengalami batuk parah sampai
menjadi batuk darah.
Sitomegalovirus
3. 3/4
Sistem kekebalan yang sehat dapat menonaktifkan virus, akan tetapi jika sistem
kekebalan melemah, maka virus bisa muncul kembali dan juga menyebabkan kerusakan
pada mata, saluran pencernaan, paru-paru atau organ lainnya. Virus ini dorman dalam
tubuh dan dapat muncul ketika sistem kekebalan menurun drastis. Virus ini
menimbulkan gejala seperti herpes dengan munculnya cacar air.
Meningitis kriptokokus
Meningitis merupakan peradangan pada selaput & cairan yang mengelilingi otak dan
sumsum tulang belakang. Meningitis kriptokokus merupakan infeksi sistem saraf pusat
yang terkait dengan HIV, yang disebabkan oleh jamur yang ditemukan di tanah.
Toksoplasmosis
Infeksi yang berpotensi mematikan ini disebabkan oleh Toxoplasma gondi, parasit yang
disebarkan terutama oleh kucing. Toksoplasmosis bisa menyebabkan penyakit jantung
dan kejang apabila sudah menyebar ke otak.
Limfoma
Limfoma adalah komplikasi kanker yang umumnya terjadi akibat dari HIV/AIDS. Tanda
awal paling umum dari kondisi limfoma ialah pembengkakan pada kelenjar getah bening
tanpa rasa sakit di leher, ketiak atau selangkangan.
Sarkoma kaposi
Sarkoma kaposi juga tumor yang sering muncul sebagai komplikasi dari infeksi
HIV/AIDS. Sarkoma kaposi dapat memengaruhi organ dalam, termasuk salah satunya
saluran pencernaan dan paru-paru.
Kanker terkait HPV
Akibat tubuh tidak bisa menjaga kondisi sel yang sehat dan melawan sel-sel yang
abnormal maka sel-sel abnormal tersebut akan semakin berkembang menjadi tumor
ganas atau kanker. Kanker yang disebabkan oleh infeksi human papillomavirus (HPV)
yang bisa terjadi pada berbagai area tubuh seperti anal, penis, mulut dan serviks.
Sindrom wasting
HIV AIDS yang tidak diobati dapat menyebabkan penurunan berat badan yang drastis
hingga 10% dalam waktu sebulan serta sering disertai dengan diare, kelemahan kronis
dan juga demam.
Komplikasi neurologis
HIV AIDS dapat menyebabkan gejala neurologis yang mungkin muncul seperti
kebingungan, pelupa, depresi, kecemasan dan kesulitan berjalan. Gangguan
neurokognitif terkait HIV/AIDS dari gejala ringan perubahan perilaku dan penurunan
fungsi mental hingga demensia parah yang bisa menyebabkan kelemahan dan
ketidakmampuan untuk berfungsi.
4. 4/4
Penyakit ginjal
Nefropati terkait HIV merupakan peradangan pada filter kecil di ginjal yang
menghilangkan kelebihan cairan dan limbah dari darah untuk kemudian diteruskan ke
urine.
Penyakit hati
Penyakit hati juga merupakan salah satu komplikasi utama dari HIV AIDS. Penyakit ini
biasanya juga disebabkan virus karena tubuh tidak mampu melawan serangan organisme
dari luar. Virus yang sering ditemukan oleh penderita HIV AIDS ketika mengalami
penyakit hati biasanya adalah virus Hepatitis B atau Hepatitis C.
Pencegahan dan Penanganan HIV/AIDS
Sangat penting sekali untuk melakukan pencegahan penyakit ini, karena hingga sekarang
belum ditemukan obat yang benar-benar ampuh untuk menyembuhkan secara total.
Pencegahan yang utama adalah selalu melakukan hubungan seks hanya pada 1 pasangan
saja, tidak berganti-ganti pasangan, selalu gunakan pengaman (kondom), tidak
menggunakan alat medis terutama jarum suntik untuk digunakan bergantian.
Apabila pernah melanggar hal yang seperti disebutkan diatas maka sebaiknya segera
melakukan konsultasi ke dokter untuk segera penanganan sekalipun tidak muncul gejala.
Jika gejala sudah muncul seperti yang dijelaskan sebelumnya maka harus segera
melakukan pemeriksaan ke laboratorium untuk melakukan tes darah.
Tag: aids, Gejala HIV, H/AIDS, hiv, komplikasi HIV AIDS, Penanganan HIV/AIDS,
Pencegahan HIV/AIDS, penyakit kelamin, penyakit menular seksual, Penyakit-Penyakit
yang ditimbulkan AIDS, Tahap awal HIV, Tahap Kedua HIV, Tahap-tahap HIV AIDS,
Tahapa ketiga HIV