The document provides an overview of building applications using the Microsoft Kinect SDK, focusing on Natural User Interface (NUI) concepts, system requirements, and development tips for creating custom Kinect applications. It covers essential features such as camera functionality, depth data, skeletal tracking, and audio capabilities, along with relevant programming resources and quickstart guides. The presentation highlights the potential applications of Kinect technology in various fields and encourages developers to explore its capabilities.

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It’s All NUI to me:
Building Apps with the Microsoft Kinect SDK
David Silverlight
Founder and Chief Software Architect
TheSilverlightGroup.com
IsYourWebMasterDead.com

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Agenda
• NUI – What?
• Demo’s – See what all the hullabaloo is about
• Getting Started/Kinect Explorer/QuickStarts
• Building Your Own Kinect apps.
• (Video, Depth, Skeleton, Audio)
• Resources

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Kinect: Setter of World Records!

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And Some Disasters

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It’s in the headlines

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What is NUI?
• Natural User Interface
• Common term used by designers and
developers of computer interfaces to refer to a
user interface that is effectively invisible, or
becomes invisible with successive learned
interactions, to its users

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What is NUI?
• An Invisible Interface.
• The Content is the Interface.
• Removing the Proxy
• Direct Manipulation
• Gestural interfaces

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Seeing is believing – Kinect Development
Allows you to capture
your movements and
opens up a whole new
world to animators on
a tight budget.
12 Best Kinect Hacks Personal Data Mirror
Catch up with the
latest headlines,
weather and health
all whilst brushing
your teeth
Real Time Motion
Capture with XNA
Sample showing just
what people are
doing with the
Kinect

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Fitnect Virtual Vacation
Now another reason
to never leave the
house.
Interactive Fitting
room showing how
Kinect and business
can connect.
Seeing is believing – Kinect Development

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What can you do with Kinect on a PC or Mac ?

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RGB CAMERA
MULTI-ARRAY MIC MOTORIZED TILT
3D DEPTH SENSORS

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Getting Started: Building Your Own Apps
• Designed to get you started
• Assumes you have some programming experience
• Managed API - Concepts work in both VB/C#

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Kinect USB cable

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System Requirements
• You must run applications that are built by using the Kinect for Windows
SDK in a native Windows environment. You cannot run applications in a
virtual machine, because the Microsoft Kinect drivers and this SDK must be
installed on the computer that is running the application.
• Supported Operating Systems and Architectures
• Windows 7 (x86 or x64)
• Hardware Requirements
• Computer with a dual-core, 2.66-GHz or faster processor
• Windows 7–compatible graphics card that supports Microsoft® DirectX® 9.0c
capabilities
• 2 GB of RAM
• Kinect for Xbox 360® sensor—retail edition, which includes special USB/power cabling

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System Requirements
• Software Requirements
• Microsoft Visual Studio® 2010 Express or other Visual Studio 2010 edition
• Microsoft .NET Framework 4.0 (installed with Visual Studio 2010)
• For C++ SkeletalViewer samples:
• DirectX Software Development Kit, June 2010 or later version
• DirectX End-User Runtime Web Installer
• For Speech sample (x86 only):
• Microsoft Speech Platform - Server Runtime, version 10.2 (x86 edition)
• Microsoft Speech Platform - Software Development Kit, version 10.2 (x86
edition)
• Kinect for Windows Runtime Language Pack, version 0.9
(acoustic model from Microsoft Speech Platform for the Kinect for Windows
SDK Beta)

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It all starts here: http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/kinectforwindows/
Developing your own Kinect aps

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Kinect for Windows SDK Quickstarts
• http://channel9.msdn.com/Series/KinectQuickstart - All are
great, IMHO
• The Kinect Explorer is new from the Beta
• Kinect for Windows SDK Browser.
• Installing and Using the Kinect Sensor
• Setting up your development environment
• Skeletal Tracking fundamentals
• Camera Fundamentals
• Working with Depth Data
• Audio Fundamentals

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SETTING UP
YOUR DEVELOPMENT
ENVIRONMENT

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Setting up your Development Environment
Add our references to:
- The Microsoft.Samples.Kinect.WpfViewers Project
- The Coding4Fun.Wpf.dll
Reference the assembly:
• using Microsoft.Kinect;

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KINECT API BASICS
• Manage Kinect state
• Connected
• Enable Color, Depth, Skeleton
• Start Kinect
• Get Data
• Events - AllFramesReady
• Polling – OpenNextFrame

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RESOURCES
• Install Kinect Explorer
• KinectWpfViewers
• Coding4Fun Toolkit
• Skeletal scaling

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SETTING UP YOUR DEV
ENVIRONMENT
DEMO

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Setting the
Camera Tilt Angle
CAMERA
FUNDAMENTALS

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Setting the Camera Tilt Angle
• Warning: The tilt mechanism in the sensor array is not rated for
frequent use. Your code should not make calls to tilt the device more
than 15 times in any two-minute window. Changing the tilt too often
results in an error message from the function.
• To adjust the tilt or pitch, set the ElevationAngle property to a value
between –27 (Camera.ElevationMinimum) and +27
(Camera.ElevationMaximum). The code below sets the camera to the
maximum elevation:
• kinectSensorChooser.Kinect.ElevationAngle =
Convert.ToInt16(slider1.Value);

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CAMERA
FUNDAMENTALS

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RESOLUTIONS
• Color
• 12 FPS: 1280X960 RGB
• 15 FPS: Raw YUV 640x480
• 30 FPS: 640x480
• Depth
• 30 FPS: 80x60, 320x240, 640x480

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Camera Data

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CAMERA DATA
• Events return ImageFrame
• PixelDataLength
• FrameNumber
• Timestamp
• Dimensions: Height, Width
• Use AllFramesReady event to synchronize

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CAMERA FUNDAMENTALS
DEMO

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WORKING WITH
DEPTH DATA

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DEPTH DATA
• Returns the distance and player for every pixel
• Ex: 320x240 = 76,800 pixels
• Distance
• Distance in mm from Kinect ex: 2,000mm (6.56 feet)
• Player
• 1-6 players

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MODE
Mode Depth & Player Center Hip Joint Other 19 Joints
Default Yes Yes Yes
Near Yes Yes No, for v1.0

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DISTANCES
1.3’ 2.6’ 9.8’ 13.1’ 26.2’
.4 .8 3 4 8
Default
Mode
Near
Mode
Feet
Meters

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FORMULAS
• Distance Formula
int depth = depthPoint >> DepthImageFrame.PlayerIndexBitmaskWidth;
• Player Formula
int player = depthPoint & DepthImageFrame.PlayerIndexBitmask;

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WORKING WITH DEPTH DATA
DEMO

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SKELETAL
TRACKING
FUNDAMENTALS

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Joints
• Maximum two players tracked at once
• Six player proposals
• Each player with set of <x, y, z> joints in meters
• Each joint has associated state
• Tracked, Not tracked, or Inferred
• Inferred - Occluded, clipped, or low confidence joints
• Not Tracked - Rare, but your code must check for this state

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Skeleton Data

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Skeleton API

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SKELETAL TRACKING
DEMO

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AUDIO
FUNDAMENTALS

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QUICKSTART SERIES
• Installing and Using the Kinect Sensor
• Setting up your Development Environment
• Camera Fundamentals
• Working with Depth Data
• Skeletal Tracking Fundamentals
• Audio Fundamentals

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SOUND POSITION
• Sound Source Angle – the angle and confidence level of where
audio is coming from
• Beam Angle – The angle used to record audio that you can set as a
“directional microphone”
-50 0 +50

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RECORDING
• KinectAudioSource audio buffer
• Use Echo Cancellation to not record PC sound

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SPEECH RECOGNITION
• Grammar – What we are listening for
• Code – GrammarBuilder, Choices
• Note: Ensure AutomaticGainControl = false

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GRAMMAR
<!-- Confirmation_Yes._value: string ["Yes"]
-->
<rule id="Confirmation_Yes" scope="public">
<example> yes </example>
<example> yes please </example>
<one-of>
<item> yes </item>
<item> yeah </item>
<item> yep </item>
<item> ok </item>
</one-of>
<item repeat="0-1"> please </item>
<tag> out._value = "Yes";</tag>
var grammar = new Choices();
grammar.Add(“yes please");
grammar.Add(“yes");
grammar.Add(“yeah");
grammar.Add(“ok");

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MULTI-MODAL FEEDBACK
• Engagement model
– Mic indicator for speech-enabled menus
– Keyword to engage
• Feedback and confirmation

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Audio Data

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AUDIO
DEMO

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The Future of Kinect
• Better close up

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Gesture Libraries

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Gesture Libraries

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Kinect version of Siri (other CodePlex)

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Resources
• Coding 4 Fun - Coding4Fun Kinect Toolkit
• OpenSource Projects
• SilverlightKinect

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What we have learned
• Examples of the amazing things that can be
done with the Kinect
• How amazing the Kinect Device is, equivalent to
$200,000 in capabilities
• How to create our own Kinect applications,
Video, Skeletal and Audio tracking.
• The future of Kinect

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Thank You
• David Silverlight
• David@TheSilverlightGroup.com