Kalpana Chawla was born in Karnal, India and had an extensive background in aeronautical engineering and aviation. She held multiple pilot licenses and enjoyed activities like flying, hiking, and reading. She earned multiple advanced engineering degrees and worked as a research scientist at NASA Ames Research Center. In 1995, she was selected by NASA to be an astronaut and served as a mission specialist on Space Shuttle Columbia in 1997 and 2003, when the shuttle disintegrated upon reentry, killing all seven crew members.