This document summarizes a study on the role of mobile banking in enhancing the financial performance of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Nakuru town, Kenya. The study found that there is a strong, significant, and positive correlation between the timeliness and reliability of mobile banking and the financial performance of MSEs. Adopting mobile banking was found to likely improve MSEs' financial performance due to mobile banking's timeliness and reliability. The study recommends that MSEs fully adopt mobile banking services.
Analysis on Challenges Small Business Face in using the MBanking/Payment Serv...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Mobile banking services are at the present
increasingly used to accomplish economic transactions by the
business people who would have followed long processes to
complete their transaction deals. Despite the importance of
mobile banking, several studies indicate that the industry still
faces challenges including lack of awareness among the
business parties and customers. Though large populations of
Kenyans have embraced the new technology in most of their
transactions, the contribution of the new technology on small
scale enterprises has received very little attention from the
scholars. The main purpose of this study was to identifying
and rank the challenges faced by the residents as they try to
embrace the mobile banking services. The study adopted a
survey design where data was collected from selected
respondents. The population of the study comprises of 730
small business enterprises. Simple random sampling technique
was used to select 88 small business enterprises based on 95%
confidence level and accepting 5% margin of error as
recommended for most business and social researches.
Primary data was collected from the respondents. Data was
analyzed by using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS)
and it was presented in the form of graphs, tables and charts.
Analysis of the data revealed that the highest challenge faced
by the business owners was the cost of transaction with a
cumulative percentage of 51.3 as compared with other
challenges.
State of mobile banking in tanzania andIJNSA Journal
Mobile technology offers an unprecedented growth opportunity for banking industry in Tanzania. As the
economy continues to prosper, increasingly affluent consumers and underbanked segments create demand
for new financial products and services. Many consumers in Tanzania have mobile phones, but not bank
accounts. Therefore, the mobile channel presents an effective way to connect them to the national financial
grid. For the local banks, going mobile may increase banks opportunities to unlock the inherent potential
of underbanked segments. This paper addresses the current state, future prospects, and security challenges
to the usage of mobile banking in Tanzania.
In order to reduce cash handling cost of banks amongst other objectives, the Central Bank of Nigeria introduced the ‘cashless policy’. The success of this policy hinges on the adoption of alternative payment systems one of which is mobile banking. Thus it is imperative for policy makers and other relevant stakeholders to anticipate and deal with inhibitions surrounding the adoption of mobile banking by bank customers in the country. This study investigates the determinants of mobile banking adoption in Nigeria using a modified version of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This incorporates Perceived Risk, Facilitating Conditions and Demographic Characteristics (Age, Gender, Educational Qualification and Income) to Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease-of-Use as determinants of Mobile Banking Adoption. We also propose that this relationship is mediated by attitude towards mobile banking adoption. A total of 250 bank customers from the Lagos area were selected and a structured questionnaire was designed and copies distributed to them. Data was analysed using multiple regression and computed using SPSS 20.0 computer application. Results show that Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease-of-Use, perceived Risk, Facilitating Conditions, Age, Educational Qualifications and Income significantly determine Mobile Banking Adoption. However, the relationship between gender and Mobile Banking Adoption is not significant. The outcome of this study has some implications to m-banking policy formulation and implementation. It also throws more light into what should be done to improve mbanking adoption rate in Nigeria
Effect of Mobile Banking on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kisi...paperpublications3
Abstract: Around half of the world’s population is out of formal banking and financial services. For this reason, several mobile payment trend studies have revealed the potential of mobile network technologies for payment purposes. The main objective of the study was to assess the effect of mobile banking to financial performance of commercial banks in Kisii Town, Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of perceived security of mobile payments technology on financial performance of commercial banks in Kisii Town, to determine the effect of perceived ease of accessibility of mobile payments technology on financial performance of commercial banks in Kisii Town and to determine the effect of transaction cost of mobile payment technology on financial performance of commercial banks in Kisii Town. The study used a sample of 255 respondents which was drawn from Operation Managers, clients, cashiers and 7 M-Pesa paying agents. The data collected were analyzed by use of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics with the help of Social Sciences version 21 software. The study found out that, perceived cost, perceived access and perceived security of mobile payments technology have a significant influence on the financial performance of commercial banks. The study concluded that the transaction cost of mobile payment is cheap, mobile banking money can be sent any time of day; it saves time of travelling and that mobile banking transactions are processed in accordance with clients’ expectations besides providing evident of payment to another person.
Keywords: Craft, External equity, Financing, Growth, Microenterprise, Tabaka.
Title: Effect of Mobile Banking on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kisii Town, Kenya
Author: Isabellah Mageto, Dr. Willy Mwangi Muturi, Dr. Vitalis Mogwambo Abuga
ISSN 2349-7807
International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)
Paper Publications
It is evident that financial services industry has been undergoing a profound transformation in Nigeria. Rapid changes in the banking environment, increased competition by new players from non-banking sector, product innovations, globalization and technological advancement-all these have led to a market situation in which the battle for consumers is intense. We look at the prospect and challenges of mobile banking services in Nigeria using four selected' banks as case study, reviewed prior literatures on mobile banking, analyze the different factors that impact the market, and give direction for future research on this emerging field. A framework of four contingency and five competitive factors were proposed to facilitate the analysis. Factors affecting mobile services in Nigeria such interoperability, unstable power supply, network problems etc. were identified. Finally, we recommended that non–bank led model of mobile banking be adopted by Nigeria banks to make the services transformational instead of additives as is currently being practiced.
The mobile money movement by mpay connect dec 2010 innovations publication ...Menekse Gencer
The genesis of this publication came from a presentation I gave at Columbia University during spring 2010. This publication was written by Menekse Gencer of mPay Connect, a mobile money consulting firm, and will come out in hard copy with MIT Press Innovations Magazine in 2011. To contact the author: http://www.mpayconnect.com/contact
Analysis on Challenges Small Business Face in using the MBanking/Payment Serv...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Mobile banking services are at the present
increasingly used to accomplish economic transactions by the
business people who would have followed long processes to
complete their transaction deals. Despite the importance of
mobile banking, several studies indicate that the industry still
faces challenges including lack of awareness among the
business parties and customers. Though large populations of
Kenyans have embraced the new technology in most of their
transactions, the contribution of the new technology on small
scale enterprises has received very little attention from the
scholars. The main purpose of this study was to identifying
and rank the challenges faced by the residents as they try to
embrace the mobile banking services. The study adopted a
survey design where data was collected from selected
respondents. The population of the study comprises of 730
small business enterprises. Simple random sampling technique
was used to select 88 small business enterprises based on 95%
confidence level and accepting 5% margin of error as
recommended for most business and social researches.
Primary data was collected from the respondents. Data was
analyzed by using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS)
and it was presented in the form of graphs, tables and charts.
Analysis of the data revealed that the highest challenge faced
by the business owners was the cost of transaction with a
cumulative percentage of 51.3 as compared with other
challenges.
State of mobile banking in tanzania andIJNSA Journal
Mobile technology offers an unprecedented growth opportunity for banking industry in Tanzania. As the
economy continues to prosper, increasingly affluent consumers and underbanked segments create demand
for new financial products and services. Many consumers in Tanzania have mobile phones, but not bank
accounts. Therefore, the mobile channel presents an effective way to connect them to the national financial
grid. For the local banks, going mobile may increase banks opportunities to unlock the inherent potential
of underbanked segments. This paper addresses the current state, future prospects, and security challenges
to the usage of mobile banking in Tanzania.
In order to reduce cash handling cost of banks amongst other objectives, the Central Bank of Nigeria introduced the ‘cashless policy’. The success of this policy hinges on the adoption of alternative payment systems one of which is mobile banking. Thus it is imperative for policy makers and other relevant stakeholders to anticipate and deal with inhibitions surrounding the adoption of mobile banking by bank customers in the country. This study investigates the determinants of mobile banking adoption in Nigeria using a modified version of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This incorporates Perceived Risk, Facilitating Conditions and Demographic Characteristics (Age, Gender, Educational Qualification and Income) to Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease-of-Use as determinants of Mobile Banking Adoption. We also propose that this relationship is mediated by attitude towards mobile banking adoption. A total of 250 bank customers from the Lagos area were selected and a structured questionnaire was designed and copies distributed to them. Data was analysed using multiple regression and computed using SPSS 20.0 computer application. Results show that Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease-of-Use, perceived Risk, Facilitating Conditions, Age, Educational Qualifications and Income significantly determine Mobile Banking Adoption. However, the relationship between gender and Mobile Banking Adoption is not significant. The outcome of this study has some implications to m-banking policy formulation and implementation. It also throws more light into what should be done to improve mbanking adoption rate in Nigeria
Effect of Mobile Banking on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kisi...paperpublications3
Abstract: Around half of the world’s population is out of formal banking and financial services. For this reason, several mobile payment trend studies have revealed the potential of mobile network technologies for payment purposes. The main objective of the study was to assess the effect of mobile banking to financial performance of commercial banks in Kisii Town, Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of perceived security of mobile payments technology on financial performance of commercial banks in Kisii Town, to determine the effect of perceived ease of accessibility of mobile payments technology on financial performance of commercial banks in Kisii Town and to determine the effect of transaction cost of mobile payment technology on financial performance of commercial banks in Kisii Town. The study used a sample of 255 respondents which was drawn from Operation Managers, clients, cashiers and 7 M-Pesa paying agents. The data collected were analyzed by use of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics with the help of Social Sciences version 21 software. The study found out that, perceived cost, perceived access and perceived security of mobile payments technology have a significant influence on the financial performance of commercial banks. The study concluded that the transaction cost of mobile payment is cheap, mobile banking money can be sent any time of day; it saves time of travelling and that mobile banking transactions are processed in accordance with clients’ expectations besides providing evident of payment to another person.
Keywords: Craft, External equity, Financing, Growth, Microenterprise, Tabaka.
Title: Effect of Mobile Banking on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kisii Town, Kenya
Author: Isabellah Mageto, Dr. Willy Mwangi Muturi, Dr. Vitalis Mogwambo Abuga
ISSN 2349-7807
International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)
Paper Publications
It is evident that financial services industry has been undergoing a profound transformation in Nigeria. Rapid changes in the banking environment, increased competition by new players from non-banking sector, product innovations, globalization and technological advancement-all these have led to a market situation in which the battle for consumers is intense. We look at the prospect and challenges of mobile banking services in Nigeria using four selected' banks as case study, reviewed prior literatures on mobile banking, analyze the different factors that impact the market, and give direction for future research on this emerging field. A framework of four contingency and five competitive factors were proposed to facilitate the analysis. Factors affecting mobile services in Nigeria such interoperability, unstable power supply, network problems etc. were identified. Finally, we recommended that non–bank led model of mobile banking be adopted by Nigeria banks to make the services transformational instead of additives as is currently being practiced.
The mobile money movement by mpay connect dec 2010 innovations publication ...Menekse Gencer
The genesis of this publication came from a presentation I gave at Columbia University during spring 2010. This publication was written by Menekse Gencer of mPay Connect, a mobile money consulting firm, and will come out in hard copy with MIT Press Innovations Magazine in 2011. To contact the author: http://www.mpayconnect.com/contact
M-PESA is a mobile based transfer of money between customers, facilitated by network of retail agents. Kenya is the first country to have adopted M-PESA where the model witnessed huge success and is contributing big way in enabling financial inclusion in the country. Deployment of M-PESA in India can bring similar benefits as experienced in Kenya. Growing mobile penetration in rural areas would ensure that people are able to benefit from mobile based money transfer concept. Indian regulatory system has also been gearing up to allow technology benefits in enabling financial inclusion, developments are only at introductory stage.
The study was designed to identify basic factors required to deepen adoption of
internet banking in the delivery of banking services to a rapidly growing market
characterized by complexities in service requirements. Analysis of data collected from
selected customers of 5 DMBs in Lagos, Ogun and Ebonyi States of Nigeria showed
that alternative service channels offered by technology-based applications enhanced
the delivery of banking services to bank customers. Specifically, the result showed
significant impact of ease of access, cost, reliability, and security/integrity of
technology-driven service delivery channels on the adoption of engineering
technology-based applications in Nigeria's banking industry.
The majority of the world population is not covered by the mainstream financial sector. As such, mobile money services are seen as a cost effective and efficient way of increasing financial inclusion. However, there remains some factors that impede the development of mobile money services. Therefore, this study sought to analyse these factors with a view to identifying strategies that can be used to accelerate the development of mobile money services.
Predictors of Mobile Payment Adoption among Informal Sector in South East Nig...YogeshIJTSRD
Mobile phone has advanced to the extent that it has made life more comfortable and efficient. The comfort of being able to pay for goods and services from any point of transaction, using mobile payment system has become a vital issue as it saves a lot of time and the risks involved in carrying cash. However, Mobile payment system have not taken off as fast as expected especially in the Informal Sector in Nigeria. The slow adoption rate of mobile payment system raise many questions about what influences consumer behavioural intention to adopt. The main objective of this study was to ascertain the Predictors of Mobile Payment adoption among informal sector in South East Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research design and examined the constructs developed from the literature reviewed, which are Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, mobility, payment knowledge, Perceived cost, Perceived Trust and Perceived Risk as regards adoption of mobile payment system, which is supported by the extended Technology Acceptance Model TAM . The data for this study was collected using a structured questionnaire and out of the 665 questionnaire distributed to the mobile phone users, operating under the informal sector of the capital cities of the five states Abia=Umuahia Anambra=Awka Ebonyi=Abakiliki Enugu=Enugu Imo=Owerri that make up South East Nigeria, 484 questionnaires were returned. The findings showed that Perceived ease of use, Perceived usefulness, mobility, Perceived Trust and Perceived Risk significantly influence Behavioural Intention to adopt M payment by the informal sector. While M Payment knowledge and Perceived cost do not significantly influence Behavioural Intention to adopt M payment by the informal sector. The researcher therefore recommends that Mobile payment parties should ensure that they offer mobile payment service at cheap cost so that informal sector will feel convenient to use it as they are mostly price conscious. Anyaeneh Vivian Kamsoluchi | Prof. Irenus. C. Nwaizugbo "Predictors of Mobile Payment Adoption among Informal Sector in South-East Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38707.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/38707/predictors-of-mobile-payment-adoption-among-informal-sector-in-southeast-nigeria/anyaeneh-vivian-kamsoluchi
Selected Macroeconomic Factors versus Bond Market Development in Nigeriainventionjournals
This paper examines the macroeconomic determinants of bond market development in Nigeria to address the persistent research question of whether bond market development is driven by macroeconomic factors or institutional factors in emerging markets. Time series data generated over the period of 32 years was analyzed using ordinary least square regression techniques involving multiple regressions. The aggregate bond market capitalization comprising both government bonds and corporate bonds were exploited. The major findings of the study reveals that exchange rate, interest rate, inflation rate and banking sector development have negative and significant influence on the Nigerian bond market capitalization and as such, they demonstrated strong evidence as robust macroeconomic determinants of bond market development in Nigeria. Bond market, development, determinants, economy, Nigeria
1 chapter one - nature and impact of mobile financial services on the telec...Jeremmy Okonjo
This chapter explores the first research question: what is the impact of the convergence of mobile and financial services on the Kenyan telecommunications sector? It analyses the process of convergence in ICT generally, and telecoms in particular. It describes the convergence of mobile and financial services in Kenya, and the resultant converged service known as “mobile financial services”. In addition, this chapter maps out the business processes of providing mobile financial services, with the aim of appreciating the roles and functions of various stakeholders in the mobile financial services sector. These stakeholders include regulators, mobile network operators, other market players, the consumers, and the State.
Amplifying the Impact: Examining the Intersection of Mobile Health and Mobile...Menekse Gencer
This report was written by Menekse Gencer, mPay Connect for The World Economic Forum and The mHealth Alliance. It was published for the Davos Summit January 2011 and is a seminal report that examines the intersections between mHealth and Mobile Financial Services and how they can amplify outcomes through cross-sector efforts.
mPay Connect mHealth mFinance country studies dec 2011Menekse Gencer
This is a draft report that highlights country case studies where mobile financial services is used for healthcare efforts. This publication was done for The mHealth Alliance by Menekse Gencer of mPay Connect. For more information regarding mPay Connect's consulting services, please contact us at: info@mpayconnect.com
Mobile Banking in 2020 - Mobile World Congress ReportNadejda Tatarciuc
Present report was presented at Mobile World Congress this year, showing the outlook for mobile banking by 2020! - how a younger world, more internet, crime, and activist governments will affect mobile banking penetration.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Reference: Mobile payment industry in china 2012-2015 C. Keiko Funahashi
Referenced in presentation, "The Seven Wonders of China's Mobile World"
http://www.slideshare.net/ckeikofunahashi/m-learncon-session-907-ckeikofunahashi
Impact of Microcredit on Agricultural Development in pakistansanaullah noonari
Balochistan Rural Support Programme (BRSP) is a non-governmental organization working in rural areas of
Balochistan province since 1983. Its head office is situated in Quetta, Baluchistan, Pakistan, sub-office is located
in Islamabad, and a number of district offices are located in various districts of Balochistan. It is clear that
majority of the respondents 90 percent of the sample were male and 10 percent were females in district Mastung
Balochistan. The respondents 86.66 percent had availed the loan facility only for once and that too for the first
time. 11.66 percent had availed this facility twice and only 11.66 percent of them took loan three times. The
respondents 40.00% were 25000, 16.66% were 40000.00, 20.00% were 50000.00, 13.33% were 60000.00 and
10.00% were above 80000.00 rupees amount loans. 30.00% were get for seed, 23.33% were Pesticide, 26.66%
were Fertilizer and 16.66% were Others purposes. 93.33% respondents believe that micro-credit is the reason for
increased agriculture production. 6.66% respondents think that micro-credit has no effect on the agricultural
production. 76.66% said that micro-credit plays a positive role in agricultural development. The 81.66%
respondents have improvement in their household living standards due to the microcredit facility and 18.33%
respondents said that micro-credit has no improvement in HH living standard.81.66% of the respondents and
18.33% respondents said that micro-credit has no improvement in food/diet standard.83.33 % of the respondents
and 16.66% respondents said that micro-credit has no change health status. 26.66% respondents said that the
BRSP staff behavior was satisfactory to some extent and 6.66% say not at all.100% received lump sum amount
for agricultural purpose.70.00% respondents were returning the credit amount biannually and 30.00%
respondents were returning the credit amount monthly .61.66% of the respondents repaying of microcredit was
easy and they were repaying the microcredit easily. For 38.33% respondents the repayment of microcredit was
not easy.100.00% respondent’s perception regarding loan amount was that it should be increased for the
betterment of farmers and for more productive results in agricultural development
M-PESA is a mobile based transfer of money between customers, facilitated by network of retail agents. Kenya is the first country to have adopted M-PESA where the model witnessed huge success and is contributing big way in enabling financial inclusion in the country. Deployment of M-PESA in India can bring similar benefits as experienced in Kenya. Growing mobile penetration in rural areas would ensure that people are able to benefit from mobile based money transfer concept. Indian regulatory system has also been gearing up to allow technology benefits in enabling financial inclusion, developments are only at introductory stage.
The study was designed to identify basic factors required to deepen adoption of
internet banking in the delivery of banking services to a rapidly growing market
characterized by complexities in service requirements. Analysis of data collected from
selected customers of 5 DMBs in Lagos, Ogun and Ebonyi States of Nigeria showed
that alternative service channels offered by technology-based applications enhanced
the delivery of banking services to bank customers. Specifically, the result showed
significant impact of ease of access, cost, reliability, and security/integrity of
technology-driven service delivery channels on the adoption of engineering
technology-based applications in Nigeria's banking industry.
The majority of the world population is not covered by the mainstream financial sector. As such, mobile money services are seen as a cost effective and efficient way of increasing financial inclusion. However, there remains some factors that impede the development of mobile money services. Therefore, this study sought to analyse these factors with a view to identifying strategies that can be used to accelerate the development of mobile money services.
Predictors of Mobile Payment Adoption among Informal Sector in South East Nig...YogeshIJTSRD
Mobile phone has advanced to the extent that it has made life more comfortable and efficient. The comfort of being able to pay for goods and services from any point of transaction, using mobile payment system has become a vital issue as it saves a lot of time and the risks involved in carrying cash. However, Mobile payment system have not taken off as fast as expected especially in the Informal Sector in Nigeria. The slow adoption rate of mobile payment system raise many questions about what influences consumer behavioural intention to adopt. The main objective of this study was to ascertain the Predictors of Mobile Payment adoption among informal sector in South East Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research design and examined the constructs developed from the literature reviewed, which are Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, mobility, payment knowledge, Perceived cost, Perceived Trust and Perceived Risk as regards adoption of mobile payment system, which is supported by the extended Technology Acceptance Model TAM . The data for this study was collected using a structured questionnaire and out of the 665 questionnaire distributed to the mobile phone users, operating under the informal sector of the capital cities of the five states Abia=Umuahia Anambra=Awka Ebonyi=Abakiliki Enugu=Enugu Imo=Owerri that make up South East Nigeria, 484 questionnaires were returned. The findings showed that Perceived ease of use, Perceived usefulness, mobility, Perceived Trust and Perceived Risk significantly influence Behavioural Intention to adopt M payment by the informal sector. While M Payment knowledge and Perceived cost do not significantly influence Behavioural Intention to adopt M payment by the informal sector. The researcher therefore recommends that Mobile payment parties should ensure that they offer mobile payment service at cheap cost so that informal sector will feel convenient to use it as they are mostly price conscious. Anyaeneh Vivian Kamsoluchi | Prof. Irenus. C. Nwaizugbo "Predictors of Mobile Payment Adoption among Informal Sector in South-East Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38707.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/38707/predictors-of-mobile-payment-adoption-among-informal-sector-in-southeast-nigeria/anyaeneh-vivian-kamsoluchi
Selected Macroeconomic Factors versus Bond Market Development in Nigeriainventionjournals
This paper examines the macroeconomic determinants of bond market development in Nigeria to address the persistent research question of whether bond market development is driven by macroeconomic factors or institutional factors in emerging markets. Time series data generated over the period of 32 years was analyzed using ordinary least square regression techniques involving multiple regressions. The aggregate bond market capitalization comprising both government bonds and corporate bonds were exploited. The major findings of the study reveals that exchange rate, interest rate, inflation rate and banking sector development have negative and significant influence on the Nigerian bond market capitalization and as such, they demonstrated strong evidence as robust macroeconomic determinants of bond market development in Nigeria. Bond market, development, determinants, economy, Nigeria
1 chapter one - nature and impact of mobile financial services on the telec...Jeremmy Okonjo
This chapter explores the first research question: what is the impact of the convergence of mobile and financial services on the Kenyan telecommunications sector? It analyses the process of convergence in ICT generally, and telecoms in particular. It describes the convergence of mobile and financial services in Kenya, and the resultant converged service known as “mobile financial services”. In addition, this chapter maps out the business processes of providing mobile financial services, with the aim of appreciating the roles and functions of various stakeholders in the mobile financial services sector. These stakeholders include regulators, mobile network operators, other market players, the consumers, and the State.
Amplifying the Impact: Examining the Intersection of Mobile Health and Mobile...Menekse Gencer
This report was written by Menekse Gencer, mPay Connect for The World Economic Forum and The mHealth Alliance. It was published for the Davos Summit January 2011 and is a seminal report that examines the intersections between mHealth and Mobile Financial Services and how they can amplify outcomes through cross-sector efforts.
mPay Connect mHealth mFinance country studies dec 2011Menekse Gencer
This is a draft report that highlights country case studies where mobile financial services is used for healthcare efforts. This publication was done for The mHealth Alliance by Menekse Gencer of mPay Connect. For more information regarding mPay Connect's consulting services, please contact us at: info@mpayconnect.com
Mobile Banking in 2020 - Mobile World Congress ReportNadejda Tatarciuc
Present report was presented at Mobile World Congress this year, showing the outlook for mobile banking by 2020! - how a younger world, more internet, crime, and activist governments will affect mobile banking penetration.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Reference: Mobile payment industry in china 2012-2015 C. Keiko Funahashi
Referenced in presentation, "The Seven Wonders of China's Mobile World"
http://www.slideshare.net/ckeikofunahashi/m-learncon-session-907-ckeikofunahashi
Impact of Microcredit on Agricultural Development in pakistansanaullah noonari
Balochistan Rural Support Programme (BRSP) is a non-governmental organization working in rural areas of
Balochistan province since 1983. Its head office is situated in Quetta, Baluchistan, Pakistan, sub-office is located
in Islamabad, and a number of district offices are located in various districts of Balochistan. It is clear that
majority of the respondents 90 percent of the sample were male and 10 percent were females in district Mastung
Balochistan. The respondents 86.66 percent had availed the loan facility only for once and that too for the first
time. 11.66 percent had availed this facility twice and only 11.66 percent of them took loan three times. The
respondents 40.00% were 25000, 16.66% were 40000.00, 20.00% were 50000.00, 13.33% were 60000.00 and
10.00% were above 80000.00 rupees amount loans. 30.00% were get for seed, 23.33% were Pesticide, 26.66%
were Fertilizer and 16.66% were Others purposes. 93.33% respondents believe that micro-credit is the reason for
increased agriculture production. 6.66% respondents think that micro-credit has no effect on the agricultural
production. 76.66% said that micro-credit plays a positive role in agricultural development. The 81.66%
respondents have improvement in their household living standards due to the microcredit facility and 18.33%
respondents said that micro-credit has no improvement in HH living standard.81.66% of the respondents and
18.33% respondents said that micro-credit has no improvement in food/diet standard.83.33 % of the respondents
and 16.66% respondents said that micro-credit has no change health status. 26.66% respondents said that the
BRSP staff behavior was satisfactory to some extent and 6.66% say not at all.100% received lump sum amount
for agricultural purpose.70.00% respondents were returning the credit amount biannually and 30.00%
respondents were returning the credit amount monthly .61.66% of the respondents repaying of microcredit was
easy and they were repaying the microcredit easily. For 38.33% respondents the repayment of microcredit was
not easy.100.00% respondent’s perception regarding loan amount was that it should be increased for the
betterment of farmers and for more productive results in agricultural development
Women labour participation of agricultural production in sindh pakistansanaullah noonari
This study was conducted to investigate the economics analysis of women labour participation in agricultural
production in Mirpurkhas, Sindh during 2013. The results of the study showed that that the women labourers got
maximum employment in agriculture during kharif (67 days) and rabi season (53 days). The women labourers
got 120 days of employment in agriculture in a year. The labourers got maximum number of days of
employment in weeding (64 days) followed by harvesting and post harvest operations (34 days). They received
wages in cash for all operations except harvest and post harvest operations. They worked for 7-8 hours a day.
The women labourers had maximum unemployed days in summer (120 days) as this is the off season for
agriculture in the study area. Their family consumption expenditure, their savings and debt position is presented
the average debit amount was Rs.3100.00 in kharif . It increased in Rabi Rs. 4700.00. The impact of seasonal
woman unemployment in agriculture on the income of the labourers, their family consumption expenditure, their
savings and debt position .That the during kharif season the labourers got on an average Rs. 19700.00 as income.
But during rabi they received only Rs. 18000.00 as income from wage earnings in agriculture .The expenditure
on food item was on an average Rs. 10300.00during kharif . It reduced by 13.94 per cent during rabi 8300.00.
The expenditure on non-food items also decreased from Rs. 7500.00 to Rs. 62000.00. The change was
Rs.1300.The lack of employment opportunities in agriculture during off season compelled the women labourers
to seek alternative employment sources like activities, construction works, tile making etc. The seasonal woman
unemployment in agriculture has caused a severe impact on the income of labourers, family expenditure, their
savings and debt position.
Keywords: Women labour, Agriculture
Acceptance of M-pesa Service and its effect on Performance of Small and Micr...MUTURIPETERGITHAE
A lot of research has been done on the effect of mobile money on efficiency of and outreach of
micro-finance loans in developing countries. Yet to date, there has been limited quantitative tests done to show the factors
driving the acceptance of mobile- money service, and whether the level of acceptance has any significant effect
on the performance of small and micro-businesses in Kenya
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Journal Publication on ROLE OF MOBILE BANKING IN ENHANCING FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES IN KENYA
1. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management
United Kingdom Vol. III, Issue 10, October 2015
Licensed under Creative Common Page 604
http://ijecm.co.uk/ ISSN 2348 0386
ROLE OF MOBILE BANKING IN ENHANCING FINANCIAL
PERFORMANCE OF MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES IN
KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF NAKURU TOWN
K. Muiruri
School of Human Resource Development
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
karirimuiruri2015@gmail.com
S. Richu
School of Human Resource Development
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
salomerichu@yahoo.com
G. Karanja
School of Human Resource Development
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
wanderikaranja@yahoo.com
Abstract
Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) in the developing countries like Kenya are increasingly
deploying the use of mobile payments to enhance the quality of their services and increase
growth. The objective of this study was to determine the role of mobile banking in enhancing
financial performance of micro and small enterprises in Nakuru town, Kenya. The specific
objectives of the study included determining the role of timeliness and reliability of mobile
banking in enhancing financial performance of MSEs in Nakuru town. The study applied
descriptive research design. The study sampled 126 MSEs out of a target population of 1,260
using random sampling. The questionnaire was used for data collection. The data was
processed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Data analysis captured
both descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings indicated that there exists a very strong,
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significant and positive correlation between timeliness and reliability of M-banking on one hand
and financial performance. It was concluded that timeliness and reliability would likely result in
improved financial performance of MSEs. It is recommended that, MSEs should fully adopt M-
banking because of its timeliness and its reliability.
Keywords: Financial performance, micro and small enterprises, mobile banking, reliability,
timeliness
INTRODUCTION
Financial institutions and mobile network service providers have been in the process of
significant transformation. The force behind the transformation of these institutions is innovation
in information technology. Technology is being used by business today to enhance growth and
competitiveness (Anyasi & Otubu, 2009). Firms are developing new and innovative products to
be able to maintain existing customers and to attract new markets. One of the most recent
technology advancement is M-banking, a platform for the delivery of financial services via the
mobile phone. The convenience of mobile banking is that the banks undertake the banking
transaction outside of the working hours and is accessible from anywhere and indeed has
become of the customer preference.
The term mobile banking (M-Banking) is used to denote the access to banking services
and facilities offered by financial institutions such as account-based savings, payment
transactions and other products by use of an electronic mobile device. Mobile banking has
yielded a multiple effect on the number of solutions available to clients. M-banking provides the
potential of increasing efficiency of payments system and expanding access to formal financial
services by those who presently lack it. Tiwari and Buse (2007) refers to mobile banking as the
service offered by the banks in providing and making available banking and other financial
services to their customers through mobile phones and other similar devices. Mobile Banking
channel is more than a decade old now. In the initial days, Mobile usage by banking and
financial world was limited to the SMS or basic banking services. However the with the advent
of technology, Mobile banking channel is offering many dynamic functionalities.
Mobile banking is an innovation that has progressively rendered itself in pervasive ways
cutting across several financial institutions and other sectors of the economy. During the 21st
century mobile banking advanced from providing mere text messaging services to that of
pseudo internet banking where customers could not only view their balances and set up multiple
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policies to make financial transactions more readily available and beneficial to the poor.
Improving financial transactions amongst MSEs will help to raise household incomes and
reduce poverty, it will also contribute to the realizing our national goals like vision 2030.
Statement of the Problem
The number of internet users and mobile phone penetration in Kenya has grown rapidly in the
country in the last few years. According to the Communications Authority of Kenya, Mobile
phones are diffusing rapidly in the country with information communication technology
penetration now being at 78.2 per cent, but research conceptualizations have been lagging
behind practice. Although mobile banking services are offered in most public and private banks,
still many MSEs have not welcomed these services because they are not familiar with their
usage and most importantly they also lack confidence in electronic systems.
Most MSEs complain of time wasted in banks, this occurs when there is power failure in
banks resulting to slow down in operations. MSEs especially from the rural areas are the most
affected since many formal financial institutions do not serve the poor efficiently because of
several challenges, namely: dispersed demand, high transaction costs, lack of usable collateral,
delay in payment of cheques requiring the drawer to wait for three days before the cheque
matures and dependence of the poor on seasonal agricultural activities in Kenya (Ivatury &
Lyman, 2008). Evidently, if MSEs do not welcome M-banking services, providing these services
will fail. Mobile banking services has enabled facilitation and movement of money from the
banking institutions to the poor members of the society in the rural and urban centers at
transactions costs that are much cheaper than those offered by commercial banks, which in the
process has enabled the banks to reach the unbanked resulting in tremendous growth in the
banking industry (Jenkins, 2008). However, it is observed that despite the exponential growth in
the use of mobile money in East Africa, only few studies have focused on its impact on the
financial performance of MSEs. Consequently, there was need to find out whether MSEs
(whose main target populations are unbanked), use mobile phones to transact their businesses
and how the use of M-banking had affected financial performance of their businesses.
Therefore, this study sought to find out the role of mobile banking in enhancing financial
performance of MSEs within Nakuru County.
General Research Objective
To determine how mobile banking has enhanced financial performance of micro and small
enterprises in Nakuru town, Kenya
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2009). The theory was originally designed to predict users‟ acceptance of ICT and usage in an
organizational context. Generally, the model can be used to explain user behaviour across a
broad range of end-user computing technologies and user populations (Davis, 1989).
The TAM focuses on two particular beliefs, namely, perceived usefulness (PU) and
perceived ease of use (PEU) of innovation, which play an important role from the perspective of
innovation acceptance behaviour. Prior empirical studies strived to explain the determinants and
mechanisms of users‟ adoption decisions on the basis of the TAM with the conviction that the
adoption process influences successful use of particular technology systems.
The TAM focuses on the attitude explanations of intention to use a specific technology or
service and is a widely applied model for user acceptance and usage. Bertrand and Bouchard
(2008) indicate that a number of analyses on the TAM have demonstrated that it is a valid,
robust, and powerful model for studying user acceptance of innovation. The model is specifically
aimed at building a foundation for understanding the effects of external factors on internal
beliefs, attitudes, and intentions. In their application of TAM to study adoption of M-Banking in
Kenya, Lun et al (2012) revealed that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived
self-efficacy, and perceived credibility significantly influenced customers‟ attitude towards usage
of M-banking.
EMPIRICAL REVIEW
Timeliness Factor of M-Banking
Liu and Arnett in their study identified time factor as one of the prime factor that in e-banking
service quality feature for the customers. Saving time is an important factor which influences the
customers’ preference to use M-banking, (Beer, 2006). Using mobile schemes can ensure such
transactions are timely, relatively low cost, relatively free of risk, and auditable. However, the
recipient will need to convert the payments into cash. In effect, the costs and risk involved in
handling cash are shifted from the employer to the employee (Mas & Kumar, 2008). The banks
started M-Banking with simple functions such as real time access to information about interest
rates, checking account balances and computing loan eligibility. Then, the services are
extended to online bill payment, transfer of funds between accounts and cash management
services for corporate organizations (Mohammed, 2009). The fundamental advantage of the M-
banking is the transfer of the information about the money’s worth to any place at any time with
a mouse clicks distance (Dube et al., 2009).
Small and micro businesses are among the greatest beneficiaries of using M-Pesa
mobile payment. As at 31st March, 2009, there were 8,650 M-Pesa agents spread throughout
the country offering the mobile payments service (Annual report, 2008/2009). The micro-
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security but the additional information about payments (such as time of transaction) can be used
to enhance the productivity of the delivery process.
Figure 1. Conceptual Framework
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
The study adopted a descriptive research design. Mugenda and Mugenda (2003) describes
descriptive research design as a systematic, empirical inquiry into which the researcher does
not have a direct control of independent variable as their manifestation has already occurred or
because it inherently cannot be manipulated. Descriptive studies are concerned with the what,
where and how of a phenomenon hence more placed to build a profile on that phenomenon
(Mugenda & Mugenda, 2003).
Target Population
According to Zikmund (2003) a population is any complete group of people, companies,
hospitals, stores, college students or the like that share some set of characteristics. The target
population constituted owners of 1260 registered MSEs in Nakuru town from Nakuru town.
Sample and Sampling Techniques
Sampling design refers to a research plan that indicates how cases are to be selected for
observation or as respondents (Mugenda & Mugenda, 2003). For small populations, the general
rule-of-thumb is that one needs to have at least 30 respondents but for bigger populations, a
representative depends on the mode of selection and according to Gay (1981) a sample of 10%
is representative. From the target population of 1260 a sample size of 10% was taken giving a
respondent base of 126 MSEs. This sample size is considered representative and
Independent Variable
Financial
Performance
Timeliness
Dependent Variable
Reliability
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EMPIRICAL RESULTS
Descriptive Findings for Timeliness of Mobile Banking
The researcher sought the views of the sampled respondents regarding timeliness in MSEs in
Nakuru town. Table 1 illustrates the results of the study findings.
Table 1: Descriptive Statistics for Timeliness of Mobile Banking
Min Max Mean Std. Dev
i. Banks are close to our premises. 4 5 4.74 .444
ii. It takes considerable amount of time to transact in the banking hall. 4 5 4.52 .431
iii. Transaction via mobile phone is significantly fast. 4 5 4.81 .270
iv. Transaction using a cell phone is far much faster than transacting in a banking hall. 4 5 4.64 .411
v. Mobile banking is preferable to visiting the bank due to its accessibility. 4 5 4.78 .338
vi. Mobile banking allows our firm to access banking services anywhere anytime. 4 5 4.69 .444
According to the findings, all respondents strongly agreed (mean ≈ 5.00) that commercial banks
are close to their premises; it takes considerable amount of time to transact in the banking hall;
transaction via mobile phone is significantly fast; transaction using a cell phone is far much
faster than transacting in a banking hall; mobile banking is preferable to visiting the bank due to
its accessibility; and that mobile banking allows firms to access banking services anywhere
anytime. Given that the standard deviations were relatively small (std. dev. < 0.500), it implied
that the respondents had closely related opinions regarding timeliness of mobile banking.
Descriptive Findings for Reliability of Mobile Banking
The last aspect of mobile banking that was studied is reliability. In this light, the respondents’
opinions regarding reliability of mobile banking were sought (See table 2).
Table 2: Descriptive Statistics for Reliability of Mobile Banking
Min Max Mean Std. Dev
i. Mobile banking agents are trustworthy. 4 5 4.14 .294
ii. The agents address customer’s complaints and concerns as required. 2 4 3.24 .313
iii. Mobile banking is more convenient than other forms of banking 3 5 4.12 .869
iv. Mobile banking transactions are prompt. 4 5 4.74 .444
v. Mobile banking services are subject to the availability and strength of
network of the mobile service provider.
4 5 4.11 .338
vi. Transaction delays negate the reliability of mobile banking. 4 5 4.54 .309
vii. There is a risk of losing money in case of a minor error during transaction. 4 5 4.88 .110
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Inferential Statistical Results and Discussions
This section presents the correlational results of the relationship between individual independent
variables (timeliness and reliability) and the dependent variable (financial performance). The
inferential findings enabled deducing of conclusions pertinent to mobile banking and financial
performance of MSEs in Nakuru town, Kenya.
Relationship between Timeliness of Mobile Banking and Financial Performance of MSEs
The inferential statistical results that relate timeliness to financial performance of MSEs are
illustrated in Table 4.
Table 4: Correlation between Timeliness and Financial Performance
Financial Performance
Timeliness
Pearson Correlation .764**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
n 113
**Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
According to the correlational results, it is clear that there exists a positive, strong and
statistically significant relationship between timeliness and financial performance (r = 0.764; p <
0.01). The findings indicate that the greater the timeliness of mobile banking, the greater the
likelihood of the concerned MSE performing better financially and the reverse is true.
Essentially, it ought to be ensured that mobile banking services are as timely as possible to
enable business enterprises enhance their financial performance.
Relationship between Reliability of Mobile Banking and Financial Performance of MSEs
Lastly, the researcher sought to assess the effect of reliability of mobile banking on financial
performance of MSEs. The results of the correlation analysis are as indicated in Table 5.
Table 5: Correlation between Reliability of Mobile Banking and Financial Performance of MSEs
Financial Performance
Reliability
Pearson Correlation .786**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
n 113
**Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
As indicated in Table 5, reliability of mobile banking strongly and positively influences financial
performance of MSEs (r = 0.786; p < 0.01). The foregoing implies that the more reliable mobile
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are prompt and that transaction delays negate the reliability of mobile banking. It was also
inferred that even slight errors could result in huge losses of money. It was further deduced that
the reliability of mobile banking strongly influences financial performance of MSEs in Nakuru
town.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Several recommendations are put across in line with the study findings and the conclusions that
were drawn from those findings. Micro and small enterprises are advised to adopt mobile
banking technology due to its timeliness when transacting business. The technology will enable
these firms to procure items from their suppliers and pay for the same timely. The timeliness of
these services is also bound to enhance the financial performance of MSEs. In addition, the
study recommends that network service providers should enhance the capacity of their
networks in order to ensure that transactions carried out through the network are not delayed.
Minimal delays guarantee reliability of mobile banking.
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