JKRAJEWSKI_ODOT2014_Light Rail Presentation

OREGON DOT BRIDGE SEMINAR
MAY 13-14, 2014
STATE OF THE ART DESIGN OF
LIGHT RAIL STRUCTURES
HART TRANSIT
Joe Krajewski, PE - HNTB

OUTLINE
1. Introduction
2. Green Line Extenstion, MBTA, Boston – Medford, MA
3. West Ohau – Farrington – Honolulu, HART, Hawaii
4. Summary
STATE OF THE ART DESIGN OF LIGHT RAIL STRUCTURES
ODOT BRIDGE SEMINAR, MAY 13-14, 2014

1. INTRODUCTION
Light Rail Aerial Structures are being planned for, designed and built all
around the country. Why?
 Current trend towards alleviating congestion in urban areas.
 There is a recognition that adding travel lanes to highways is
inadequate
More Lanes ≠ Less Congestion
 Reduction in greenhouse gases to combat global warming.
 Economic Development.
 Environmental Mitigation Method.
 Funding Source for larger Transportation Project.
 INTERMODAL APPROACH TO SOLVING ALL OF THE ABOVE

1. INTRODUCTION

1830 – Boston & Lowell Railroad. Steam Locomotives.
Green Line “D” Branch to Riverside still in use today.
1853 – Cambridge Railroad & Street Cars
Central Square to Harvard to the West End
1897 – First Subways in the Country
Tremont Street Subway precursor of the Green Line
Main Line Elevated precursor of the Orange Line
MBTA
Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority

TODAY
- 5 Subway Lines – Green,
Orange, Red, Blue & Silver
- Connects 14 Cities & Towns
around Boston
- Commuter Rail (MBCR) that
services 145 Cities & Towns
from Rhode Island to New
Hampshire.
- Ferries
- Covers 1,000 square miles
- Services Millions
MBTA

- 4.5 Mile extension of the Green Line from Somerville to Medford (the campus of Tufts University)
- 7 New Stations
- 8 New Highway Bridges
- Vehicle Maintenance Facility
- 3000 foot long Emergency Egress/Pedestrian – Bikeway Viaduct
- 5 Miles of Retaining Walls
- Over 2 Miles of Light Rail Viaduct
All in a densely packed urban area
MBTA – GREEN LINE EXTENSION

Estimated Cost $1.5 Billion
Mandated by an Act of Congress as the Main Congestion/Air Pollution Mitigation &
Part Funding for the “Big Dig”.
Failure of Massachusetts to build the project within a specified time limit would result
in the Commonwealth being forced to pay back Billions in “Big Dig” funding.
Project Team
CM/GC Alternative Project Delivery Method (1st in the Northeast)
Design Engineers = HNTB/AECOM & 39 Sub Consultants
PM = HDR/Gilbane/Kleinfelder
OR = Hatch Mott MacDonald (Mandated by Commonwealth Law)
Contractor = J.F. White/Skanska/Kiewit
Project Schedule
Final Design Started Summer 2012
First Phase of Project Scheduled to go into Operation in 2018
Project Completion 2020
MBTA – GREEN LINE EXTENSION

7 Viaducts
Structural Steel Superstructure
Concrete Deck
Ballasted Track
CWR – Continuous Weld Rail
Concrete Piers
Drilled Shafts and Mini Piles
F’c = 4.3 ksi
Rebar = Grade 60
MBTA – GREEN LINE EXTENSION - VIADUCT
LECHMERE
MEDFORD BRANCH
YARD LEAD FLYOVER
UNION SQ EB
UNION SQ WB
UNION SQ YARD LEAD
EEV/COMMUNITY PATH
AASHTO 17th Edition LFD
AASHTO LRFD – EEV/Community Path Super.
Revenue Train – 4 Green Line Cars #7’s & #8’s
Future Revenue Train = #9’s with Level Boarding
Maintenance Train – Diesel Engine + 3 Ballast Cars
Overhead Catenary Electrical Power
Operating Speed = 50 MPH (Design 60 MPH)

5 Spans – Twin Trapezoidal Steel Boxes (FC)
6 Spans – 2 Single Trapezoidal Steel Boxes (FC)
3 Spans – Plate Girders Continuous & Integral
with Pier Caps
Grade 50 – Painted – Sea Foam Green
1,800 ft. long
The Lechmere Viaduct & Station are the Signature portion of the entire GLX
Aesthetic is everything for this Viaduct
MBTA – GREEN LINE EXTENSION – LECHMERE VIADUCT

MBTA – GREEN LINE EXTENSION – LECHMERE VIADUCT

MBTA – GREEN LINE EXTENSION – VIADUCTS
For the remainder of the Viaducts Aesthetics is not important since the Viaducts span a Rail Road
Yard, Industrial Area and the backs of Parking Garages.
The Viaducts form an interchange between the Medford Main Line, the Union Square Branch and
the Railroad yard.
The EEV/Community Path Viaduct serves as an Emergency Egress off the tracks and a
connecting link between the Boston Bikeway System and the Community Path System to the
north.

Plate Girders – Grade 50 Weathering Steel with painted ends
Tangent spans are simple spans except the EEV/Community path spans
Curved girder spans are 2 span continuous

November, 2010 – Voters Approved a Charter to create a semi-
autonomous public transit authority (HART).
July 1, 2011 – HART Began Operations – But no trains or rail in place.
2019 – Estimated Date of Start of actual train service.
HART
Honolulu Authority for Rapid Transit

Hawaii recognized that adding more lanes to their highways would not relieve traffic
congestion that is among the worst in the Country.
Traffic is Congested on the H-1 from 4:00 AM to 7:00 PM
Hawaii is going Intermodal by creating the Light Rail System in conjunction with
Rehabbing & Replacing portions of their highway system to improve the lives of all
citizens and sustain the natural beauty of the islands.
HART – Honolulu Rail Transit Project

20 Miles of Elevated Guideway
21 New Stations
4 Park and Ride Garages
Vehicle Maintenance Facility

Estimated Cost $5 Billion
DB Alternative Delivery Method in Multiple Contracts
West Oha’u – Farrington Hwy & Kamehameha Hwy Contracts
Design Engineers = HNTB/FIGG/Shannon Wilson/URS
OR = CH2M Hill/PGHWong
Contractor = Kiewit
Project Schedule
Final Design Started Summer 2011
First Phase of Project Scheduled to go into Operation in 2019
Project Completion 2022
- 20 Miles of Elevated Guideway (Viaduct)
- 21 New Stations
- 4 Park and Ride Garages
- Vehicle Maintenance Facility
All in a densely packed urban area

Segmental Concrete Superstructure
Concrete Deck
Direct Fix Track for Level Boarding (ADA)
CWR – Continuous Weld Rail
Concrete Piers
CIP, Precast, Prestressed, Post-Tensioned
Drilled Shafts
F’c = 6.5 ksi
Rebar = Grade 75 & 80
AASHTO LRFD 2009
Revenue Train – 4 LMV Cars
Maintenance Train – 1 HMV Car
3rd Rail Electrical Power
Operating Speed = 55 MPH
(Design Speed = 66 MPH)

AESTHETICS IS CLUSTERED AROUND EACH STATION & HIGH VISIBILITY LOCATIONS
8 FOOT DIAMETER COLUMN AESTHETIC DETAIL

AESTHETICS IS CLUSTERED AROUND EACH STATION & HIGH VISIBILITY LOCATIONS

“L” PIER STATION PIER
Aesthetics Is Causing Structural Design Challenges

SUMMARY
1. Light Rail Structures are more than just structures they are systems components.
2. They are Signature Structures because impact a Community Significantly.
3. They are part of an Intermodal Transportation System without being connected
or carried directly by Highway Bridges or even near Highways.
a) Note: GLX and HART were relied upon for funding Highways, but never were
connected to those Highways except as part of an overall strategy to:
1. Reduce Congestion
2. Reduce Air pollution
3. Provide Economic Development
4. Make the Communities they are in more livable.
b) Funding came from the FTA and FHWA
4. Design
a) AASHTO, but some AREMA
b) Stray Current, Terrorism, Hazards, . . . Part of the structural design process.
c) Aesthetics complicates the Structural Design so do Stations.

SUMMARY
QUESTIONS ?????
HARTTRANSIT

JKRAJEWSKI_ODOT2014_Light Rail Presentation

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