The document discusses gender inequality in sports media coverage. It provides statistics showing that while women make up 40% of athletes and receive 43% of college scholarships, they receive only 4% of media coverage. Several examples are given of demeaning or sexist coverage of female athletes in televised sports news from 1989. Research studies found that networks devoted only 3.2% of coverage to women's sports. The document also analyzes how masculinity and aggression are promoted in sports programming targeting young boys, with few female roles beyond sex objects. It concludes that this formula conveys the message that women's sports are less important and valued than men's.
Final Project- Ethical Breach in Sports JournalismEmilywego
Media outLETS's final project power point examines the ethical breach in sports journalism by comparing and contrasting men's and women's sports coverage. We found that women's sports coverage usually center on sexist topics and false images. In this presentation, we explained why we think there is an ethical breach in women's sports coverage and how it has improved over time because of change in journalistic standards.
Final Project- Ethical Breach of Sports Journalism in Women's TennisEmilywego
Media outLETS's final project power point examines the ethical breach in sports journalism by comparing and contrasting men's and women's sports coverage. We found that women's sports coverage usually center on sexist topics and false images. In this presentation, we explained why we think there is an ethical breach in women's sports coverage and how it has improved over time because of change in journalistic standards.
Final Project- Ethical Breach in Sports JournalismEmilywego
Media outLETS's final project power point examines the ethical breach in sports journalism by comparing and contrasting men's and women's sports coverage. We found that women's sports coverage usually center on sexist topics and false images. In this presentation, we explained why we think there is an ethical breach in women's sports coverage and how it has improved over time because of change in journalistic standards.
Final Project- Ethical Breach of Sports Journalism in Women's TennisEmilywego
Media outLETS's final project power point examines the ethical breach in sports journalism by comparing and contrasting men's and women's sports coverage. We found that women's sports coverage usually center on sexist topics and false images. In this presentation, we explained why we think there is an ethical breach in women's sports coverage and how it has improved over time because of change in journalistic standards.
Initiatives shifting the balance in the sports sphereShiftbalance
Sports has long been considered an "unsuitable activity for ladies". Female athletes still receive less media coverage and less money. Yet, sport is a great way to develop confidence. SO which are the initiatives shifting the sports balance?
To understand what drives Major League Baseball fandom among U.S. Hispanics and Multicultural Americans, ThinkNow Research tested multicultural fan attitudes against a Fandom Motivation Scale. The FMS tests 21 fandom drivers in five dimensions including:
# Quality of Game
# Social
# Escape
# Boredom Avoidance
# Sports Atmosphere
Written in Fall 2016 for a Coursera Business specialization, this presentation is a SWOT analysis of ESPN, owned by Disney, and offers suggestions and analysis for what should be done about subscriber losses... Some of my suggestions are actually being implemented, such as the ESPN standalone streaming service.
Gabriel Kalembo A Rising Star in the World of Football Coachinggabrielkalembous
Gabriel Kalembo is a player's coach who connects with his teams on a deep level. With a strong background in sports science and a passion for the game, Kalembo has developed a unique coaching philosophy that emphasizes player development and tactical flexibility. His ability to connect with players and create a positive team culture has led to success at every level he has coached.
Initiatives shifting the balance in the sports sphereShiftbalance
Sports has long been considered an "unsuitable activity for ladies". Female athletes still receive less media coverage and less money. Yet, sport is a great way to develop confidence. SO which are the initiatives shifting the sports balance?
To understand what drives Major League Baseball fandom among U.S. Hispanics and Multicultural Americans, ThinkNow Research tested multicultural fan attitudes against a Fandom Motivation Scale. The FMS tests 21 fandom drivers in five dimensions including:
# Quality of Game
# Social
# Escape
# Boredom Avoidance
# Sports Atmosphere
Written in Fall 2016 for a Coursera Business specialization, this presentation is a SWOT analysis of ESPN, owned by Disney, and offers suggestions and analysis for what should be done about subscriber losses... Some of my suggestions are actually being implemented, such as the ESPN standalone streaming service.
Gabriel Kalembo A Rising Star in the World of Football Coachinggabrielkalembous
Gabriel Kalembo is a player's coach who connects with his teams on a deep level. With a strong background in sports science and a passion for the game, Kalembo has developed a unique coaching philosophy that emphasizes player development and tactical flexibility. His ability to connect with players and create a positive team culture has led to success at every level he has coached.
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"Of course, you prefer to take players who are fully fit, but that's okay. We want to wait and be patient for some players even if they cannot play in those first matches," he told a press conference. The 37-year-old Vertonghen, Belgium’s Euro Cup 2024 most-capped international with 154 appearances, is struggling to shake off a groin injury.
"He will be there normally. This also applies to Youri Tielemans and Arthur Theate. The latter's position is very sensitive. We don't have many choices at left back. "It will only change if it turns out that they will only be available when, say, the final of the Euro 2024 Championship comes around. That's too long to wait. "However, I am confident that the injured boys are on track for the Euros.
Belgium vs Romania: Radu Dragusin Prepares for Crucial Role in Euro Cup Germany
Some of them have taken not one but two steps forward in their rehabilitation," he said. None of the injured players will feature in this week’s warm-up friendlies against Montenegro and Luxembourg. Romania centre-back Radu Dragusin found chances limited at Tottenham Hotspur in the second half of the 2023-24 season.
But is crucial to his country's cause at UEFA Euro 2024 where his aerial ability, physicality and hard graft make him a standout player. The 22-year-old moved to North London from Italian side Genoa in January but was kept on the sidelines by the form of another new arrival for the season, Mickey van de Ven, something Romania coach Edward Iordanescu admitted was a concern.
It will mean limited game-time going into the finals, but Dragusin, who cites Netherlands defender Virgil van Dijk as a role model, started every Euro Cup Germany qualifier as Romania went through the campaign unbeaten in their 10 games. He will be among their most important players in their first game in Germany against Ukraine in Munich on June 17, taking the right centre-back role in what is likely to be a back four.
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20 Teams, One Trophy: What to Expect from the ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024
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Narrated Business Proposal for the Philadelphia Eaglescamrynascott12
Slide 1:
Welcome, and thank you for joining me today. We will explore a strategic proposal to enhance parking and traffic management at Lincoln Financial Field, aiming to improve the overall fan experience and operational efficiency. This comprehensive plan addresses existing challenges and leverages innovative solutions to create a smoother and more enjoyable experience for our fans.
Slide 2:
Picture this: It’s a crisp fall afternoon, driving towards Lincoln Financial Field. The atmosphere is electric—tailgaters grilling, fans in Eagles jerseys creating a sea of green and white. The air buzzes with camaraderie and anticipation. You park, join the throng, and make your way to your seat. The stadium roars as the Eagles take the field, sending chills down your spine. Each play is a thrilling dance of strategy and skill. This is what being an Eagles fan is all about—the joy, the pride, and the shared experience.
Slide 3:
But now, the day is marred by frustration. The excitement wanes as you struggle to find a parking spot. The congestion is overwhelming, and tempers flare. The delays mean you miss the pre-game excitement, the tailgate camaraderie, and even the opening kick-off. After the game, the joy of victory or the shared solace of defeat is overshadowed by the stress of navigating out of the parking lot. The gridlock, honking horns, and endless waiting drain the energy and joy from what should have been an unforgettable experience.
Our proposal aims to eliminate these frustrations, ensuring that from arrival to departure, your experience is extraordinary. Efficient parking and smooth traffic flow are key to maintaining the high spirits and excitement that make game days special.
Slide 4:
The Philadelphia Eagles are not just a premier NFL team; they are an integral part of the community, hosting games, concerts, and various events at Lincoln Financial Field. Our state-of-the-art stadium is designed to provide a world-class experience for every attendee. Whether it's the thrill of game day, the excitement of a live concert, or the camaraderie of community events, we pride ourselves on delivering a fan-first experience and maintaining operational excellence across all our activities. Our commitment to our fans and community is unwavering, and we continuously strive to enhance every aspect of their experience, ensuring they leave with unforgettable memories.
Slide 5:
Recent trends show an increasing demand for efficient event logistics. Our customer feedback has consistently highlighted frustrations with parking and traffic. Surveys indicate that a significant number of fans are dissatisfied with the current parking situation. Comparisons with other venues like Citizens Bank Park and Wells Fargo Center reveal that we lag in terms of parking efficiency and convenience. These insights underscore the urgent need for innovation to meet and exceed fan expectations.
Slide 6:
As we delve into the intricacies of our operations, one glaring issue emer
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2. 40 percent . . .
• . . . Of all athletes are women.
• They receive 43% of college scholarships.
• 4% of media coverage.
3. Signs of Inequality
• Current associate director the Tucker Center at
University of MN, Nicole Lavoi, shared that she
tried out for her 5th grade basketball team,
made the team, and displaced a boy who once
had a spot on the team.
• The principle called her into his office to tell
her to quit the basketball team. He told her
she should join girl scouts and ballet.
4. • MN Lynx Broadcaster and Blogger Lea B.
Olsen was talking with a journalist about
famous WNBA player Brittney Griner.
• “Women in sports either own who they are
like Brittney or conform to this image
posing half naked as a women athlete in
Maxim mag. because if I do this, no one will
question my femininity.”
• Being the ‘feminine’ and ‘sexy’ athlete is
the only way women athletes seem to get
the media coverage they deserve. Thoughts
& Feelings?
5. Female Athletes & Sports
Media
• Start to 2:09
• 4:03 to 4:48
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DveUbzcB
e0A
6. • There's been a dramatic movement of girls and
women into sport over the last 25 years, yet,
studies have still shown:
The quantity of coverage of women’s sports
both in TV sports news and highlights remains
extremely low
• Question: why is this social change reflected so
unevenly in sports media?
7. Examples of women features
• The following examples that took place within a small
time frame are very accurate representations of the
larger picture & the unfortunate truth:
From July 14th, 1989, to July 25th 1989, (2 week span) females got a total of 4 features
• 1. Viewers of L.A. local news affiliates who watched TV sports news
broadcasts saw next to no coverage of women’s sports on KNBC, KABC, or
KCBS.
• The ONLY glimpse of a female that viewers got was a feature of female
spectators – zooming in on a “large-breasted” woman wearing a tank top
at the Minnesota Twins baseball game . . .
• . . . During this feature, the commentator said “Isn’t baseball a great
sport?”
8. • 2. In the second feature, golfer Patty Sheehan was
humiliated as she was shown driving the ball
straight into the water. The commentator spoke
along with the footage making fun of her.
• This was the second of four female features in two
weeks, as well as the only poor hit Sheehan had
that day.
• This was only fitting that is was featured as a
representation of women’s inability to be equal to
men in sports.
9. • 3. In the third female feature, KABC ended its
11 p.m. show with a segment on the World
Series of Pro Beach Volleyball.
• The dialogue ended with “…so if you’ve got
nothing else to do, cool off tomorrow down at
the beach in LongBeach.
10. Question:
With that being said, what are your thoughts on
the quote, “Can’t blame it on the media not
covering. They don’t make enough money and
there’s not enough interest.”
• Is there not enough coverage due to disinterest?
• Is the coverage evoking disinterest?
• Combination?
11. The Research Begins…
• This whole ‘gender discrimination’ in televised
sports concept began to gain public
knowledge and attention.
• Soon (around 1990), research began studies
were conducted in order to find more
informed answers.
• This way, issues would be targeted and a
change could be worked toward.
12. Research continued…
• The research reports that were gathered were:
• Widely distributed
• Reported in the mass media
• Featured in documentary films
• Used by women’s organizations (Women’s
Sports Foundation WSF)
• Taught in schools of Journalism
13. • The research included studies of the coverage of:
• Live televised sports events
• Print
• Online
• Social
• Televised news media coverage of sports
• Implications of media coverage for women’s sports
Its explained that, with minor exception for quality* of
media coverage (particularly during the Olympics and
for some collegiate based media outlets), majority of
media coverage focus’ on male athletes and sports.
14. Statistics
• A recent study comparing coverage of ESPN’s
SportsCenter and Fox Sports Live, showed that each
program featured women's sports coverage less than
1% of the time.
• Some ‘modest gains’ were detected during the
Olympics in the month of February
• Question: Why do the Olympics seem to feature
women a bit more? Thoughts?
Is it because girls in leotards who flip well are talented
while also dressed in feminine clothing? Best of both
worlds? Not at all because of this?
15. The Perceived Message
• The message by now (present day) has
officially been conveyed to the public.
Message: women’s sports are less important, less exciting, and less
appealing, thus valued less than men’s sports.
Question: What should be done? What steps should be taken?
16. Stages of Data Collection
and the Results
• There were stages of thorough and legitimate
data collection and analysis to base all
research findings on
• It was found that among three local network
affiliates, only 3.2% of coverage was dedicated
to women’s sports.
17. News Broadcasting
• Producers can only choose to cover a fragment of
all sports taking place on any given day
• Findings in another study show that in nearly
every broadcast, network producers decide to
focus on men’s sports
• As of the early 2000’s, broadcasters have started
to make the choice to feature something other
than women more often than just giving women a
small time-slotted feature . . .
18. From humiliation, to small mentions,
to the boot
• Lately, women haven’t even been taking
precedent over trivial things like:
• (March 18th, 6 p.m.,30-s segment) KNBC features a
swarm of bees invading Red Sox versus Yankees
Game
• (20-s segment) 18 inch corn dog available form
purchase at the Arizona Diamondbacks Stadium
• (March 26th,11 p.m., 45-s segment) KCBS features
ribbon cutting ceremony for a restaurant opening –
owned by former Dodgers manager Tommy Lasorda
• Etc.
19. Report on Gender
Inequality
My experience with Sports Debate Network led
me to compose an extensive report with my
coworkers about gender inequality in sports:
• http://sportsdebatenetwork.com/sdn-blitz/the-
pat-summit-report-gender-inequality-in-
professional-basketball/
20. The Televised Sports
Manhood Formula
• During May 23-29, 1999 the AAF study
conducted a national survey
• Throughout one week they examined boys ages
8-17
• During the week they examined over 23 hours
of sports programming
• One quarter was commercial
• 733 commercial
22. The Formula
• Two broadcasts of Sportscenter- ESPN- 2 hours
• Two broadcasts of Extreme Sports- Espn/ Fox
Sports- 90 minutes
• Two broadcasts of pro-wrestling-TNT/ USA - 2
hours
• Two broadcasts of NBA playoffs- TNT/ NBC-
Approx. 7 hours
23. Continue
• Two broadcasts of NFL Monday night Football-
ESPN- Approx. 7 hours
• One Broadcast of MLB baseball- TBS- Approx.
3 hours
25. Outcome
• Determined sports programming presents
boys with stereotypical messages about:
• Race, Gender, and Violence
• Determined 10 distinct themes make up the
Formula
26. Race and Sex of
Announcers
• White men: 24
• White Women: 3
• Black Men: 3
• Black Women: 1
27. Voice of Authority
• SportsCenter was the only sports program to
have women and African-Americans appear as
the main voice
• All of sports programs had a White male as the
media correspondent in charge
28. Sex Composition of 722
Commercials
• Men Only- 279 (38.6%)
• Women Only- 28 (3.9%)
• Women and Men- 324 (44.9%)
• No People- 91 (12.6%)
• Nearly all of the no people commercials were
male dominated in the voice over
29. Continue
• Men are visible in 83.5% of all commercials
• Including male voice overs- 96.1%
• Women had very minor roles in the commercials
30. Cont.
• “X-Sports”- Fox Sports West
• Had a blonde hostess in a bikini to welcome
back viewers after commercials
• She only mentioned sponsors, did not do any
play-by-play
31. Cont.
• Wrestling was doing more of the same
• Women would dress in miniskirts or tight
spandex
• Encouraging heterosexuality attractiveness
• Escorted the males to the ring or acted as
dancers
• All of the announcers
were males
32. Question
• Did the divas encourage any males to watch
WWE when you were younger?
33. Instances of Women
depicted as Sexy Props
NFL SportsCente
r
Extreme Wrestling MLB NBA
Commercials 6 5 5 3 4 10
Sports
Programs
4 0 5 13 0 3
Total 10 5 10 16 4 13
34. Keystone
• A SportsCenter commercial depicted two white
males at baseball game
• The message of the commercial is if you drink
keystone, beautiful women will like you.
• At the end of the commercial the man drinking
keystone is sandwiched between two models says
“I hope my wife’s not watching!”
35. Racial Composition of 722
Commercials
Whites
Only
Black
Only
Latino/a
Only
Asian
Only
Multiracial Undeter-
mined
No
People
377
52.2%
28
3.9%
3
0.4%
2
0.3%
203
28.1%
18
2.5%
91
12.6
36. Statements Criticizing Lack
of Aggression
SportsCenter Extreme NBA MLB NFL
3 4 40 4 15
*Wrestling is not used for this table
37. Should be a Killer
Aggression was a constant theme throughout all
of the sports programs
One of the openings in the SportsCenter was Karl
Malone being elbowed
The NFL commentators were “ethusiastically
describing” big hits or big blocks.
They also approved players “strategically”
attacking players certain injuries
41. Manliness
• “playing through pain” was a constant theme
in Extreme sports
• One bike competitor was competing with a
busted ankle, while another was applauded for
coming back 2 weeks after popping his
collarbone out
• Former NBS player Isaiah Rider was praised for
playing with a knee injury
43. Depictions of Guts in Face
of Danger
SportsCenter Extreme NBA MLB NFL
4 21 5 2 8
44. Looking Deeper
• The formula found that boys were glorifying a
set of relational practices that resist the view
of women as fully human.
• Masculinity: bravery, risk taking, violence,
bodily strength, and heterosexuality
• The insecurities of masculinity in crisis are often
tweaked in the commercials
• Weak, dumb, and indecisive men are being
eclipsed by strong, smart and decisive men
45. Is the Risk Worth it?
• The Formula says yes because they get all the
glory
• Those who don’t take risk are humiliated or
ignored
46. Citation
• Michael A. Messner, Michele Dunbar and
Darnell Hunt. “Journal of Sport and Social
Issues: The Televised Sports Manhood
Formula”. Sage. 2000 24: 380