Islam and Christianity are the two largest religions globally, both originating from the Middle East and centered around monotheism. Christianity refers to Jesus as the son of God and the final prophet, while Islam views Mohammed as a prophet, with both religions adhering to distinct religious texts and teachings. The Bible serves as the Christian holy book, divided into the Old and New Testaments, while Islam sees Mohammed as the last prophet, aiming to perfect the teachings of earlier prophets like Moses and Jesus.