Is indacaterol more efficacious and safe than salmenterol in patiens with moderate to severe copd
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Is indacaterol more efficacious and safe than salmenterol in patiens with moderate to severe copd
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asthma medical treatment
MAST CELL STABILIZERS
BY
Mr. Kanishk Deep Sharma
MAST CELL STABILIZERS
THEY ARE CHROMONE DERIVATIVES THAT BLOCK CHLORIDE CHANNELS ESSENTIAL FOR MAST CELL DEGRANULATION
Sodium cromoglycate Ketotifen
Sodium cromoglycate
ADVERSE EFFECT
KETOTIFEN
ANTIHISTAMINIC WITH CROMOGLYCOLATE LIKE ACTION
ADVERSE EFFECT
LEUKOTRIENE ANTAGONISTS
LEUKOTRIENES
THEY ANTAGONISE RECEPTOR CYSLT1
ADVERSE EFFECT
ZILEUTON
CORTICOSTEROIDS
SYSTEMIC STEROIDS
USED IN 2 SITUATIONS
SEVERE CHRONIC ASTHMA
STATUS ASTHAMATICUS
SEVERE CHRONIC ASTHMA
WHEN NOT CONTROLLED BY BROCHODILATORS/INHALED STEROIDS
START PREDNISOLONE 20-60Mg/DAY
STATUS ASTHMATICUS
HIGH DOSE I.V. GLUCOCORTICOID, ACT IN 6-24 HRS
INHALED STEROIDS
HIGH TOPICAL LOW SYSTEMIC ACTIVITY
SHOULD BE ‘STEP 1’ FOR ALL ASTHMA PATIENTS
INDICATED WHEN B2 AGONIST REQUIRED DAILY
START 100-200 mg BD
EFFECT
SUPRESS BRONCHIAL INFLAMMATION
INCREASE PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE
NO ROLE IN ACUTE ATTACK
PEAK EFFECT IN 4-7 DAYS
DOESN’T PRECIPITATE ASTHMA, MUUSCULAR PAIN, LASSITUDE, DEPRESSION, HYPOTENSION
IN COPD
HIGH DOSE INHALED STEROIDS BENEFICIAL ONLY IN ADVANCED CASES
NO PROOF THAT THEY SLOW DISEASE PROGRESSION
ADVERSE EFFECT
EXAMPLES
BUDESONIDE
BECLOMETHASONE DIPRPIONATE
FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE
FLUNISOLIDE
CICLESONIDE
THANK YOU
Copd indacaterol trials
The ILLUMINATE and SPARK trials evaluated the efficacy and safety of QVA149 compared to other COPD medications. ILLUMINATE found that in moderate to severe COPD, QVA149 provided significant lung function improvements over 26 weeks compared to salmeterol-fluticasone. SPARK found in severe and very severe COPD, QVA149 reduced exacerbations more than glycopyrronium or tiotropium over 64 weeks and improved lung function and health status. Both trials showed QVA149 to be well tolerated.
Respiratoy drugs outline
The document discusses various drugs used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma, allergies, cough, and congestion. It covers the mechanisms and effects of bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory agents, antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Key points include how these drugs work to relax airways, reduce inflammation, block histamine receptors, constrict blood vessels in the nose, suppress cough reflexes, thin mucus, and make secretions easier to remove.
Dual bronchodilation in COPD
This document contains multiple choice questions about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its treatment. It asks questions about the types of emphysema most severe in upper lobes, risk factors for mortality, most significant COPD symptom, best test for exacerbation severity, and accurate treatment statements. It also provides clinical information about COPD pathogenesis, airflow limitation, symptoms by disease severity, rationale for dual bronchodilation, and studies on withdrawing inhaled corticosteroids.
LLU Respiratory Pharmacology Review Podcast 2013
This document summarizes the pathophysiology and treatment of respiratory conditions like asthma, COPD, and pulmonary hypertension. It describes asthma as widespread reversible narrowing of airways due to increased bronchial responsiveness and inflammation. Treatment depends on timing and includes short-acting beta-agonists for acute relief and inhaled corticosteroids for chronic inflammation reduction. Beta-agonists, methylxanthines, anti-muscarinics, leukotriene inhibitors, and corticosteroids are discussed as primary asthma therapies. COPD treatment focuses on bronchodilators and corticosteroids for severe cases. Pulmonary hypertension can be treated with prostanoids, endothelin receptor antagonists, or phosphodiesterase
Pharmacology of Respiratory Diseases
This document discusses the pharmacology of various drugs used to treat respiratory diseases like asthma and COPD. It begins by describing asthma as a recurrent and reversible shortness of breath caused by bronchospasm, inflammation, and mucus production. It then outlines categories of asthma and defines COPD. The rest of the document summarizes different classes of drugs used to treat these conditions, including long-term controllers, quick relievers, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, mast cell stabilizers, and other respiratory agents. For each class, it discusses mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and nursing implications.
Beta 2 agonists
This document outlines the structure and function of beta-2 agonists used to treat asthma. It discusses how modifications to the chemical structure can prolong the duration of action. It also describes the intracellular signaling pathway of beta-2 agonists and their mechanisms of action, including relaxation of airway smooth muscle. The document summarizes the pharmacologic attributes and differences between short-acting beta-2 agonists like albuterol and long-acting ones like formoterol and salmeterol. It discusses potential non-bronchodilator effects and issues of tolerance with regular use. The document concludes by outlining some clinical applications and safety studies of beta-2 agonists.
Salbutamol
Salbutamol is a short-acting, selective beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist used to treat bronchospasm and respiratory diseases. It works by directly acting on beta2-receptors in the lungs and other tissues to cause bronchodilation. Common side effects include tremors, headache, and tachycardia. Salbutamol has a rapid onset of action via inhalation and is dosed every 4-6 hours as needed to relieve symptoms. Special precautions are needed in patients at risk of hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, or arrhythmias.
Recommended
asthma medical treatment
MAST CELL STABILIZERS
BY
Mr. Kanishk Deep Sharma
MAST CELL STABILIZERS
THEY ARE CHROMONE DERIVATIVES THAT BLOCK CHLORIDE CHANNELS ESSENTIAL FOR MAST CELL DEGRANULATION
Sodium cromoglycate Ketotifen
Sodium cromoglycate
ADVERSE EFFECT
KETOTIFEN
ANTIHISTAMINIC WITH CROMOGLYCOLATE LIKE ACTION
ADVERSE EFFECT
LEUKOTRIENE ANTAGONISTS
LEUKOTRIENES
THEY ANTAGONISE RECEPTOR CYSLT1
ADVERSE EFFECT
ZILEUTON
CORTICOSTEROIDS
SYSTEMIC STEROIDS
USED IN 2 SITUATIONS
SEVERE CHRONIC ASTHMA
STATUS ASTHAMATICUS
SEVERE CHRONIC ASTHMA
WHEN NOT CONTROLLED BY BROCHODILATORS/INHALED STEROIDS
START PREDNISOLONE 20-60Mg/DAY
STATUS ASTHMATICUS
HIGH DOSE I.V. GLUCOCORTICOID, ACT IN 6-24 HRS
INHALED STEROIDS
HIGH TOPICAL LOW SYSTEMIC ACTIVITY
SHOULD BE ‘STEP 1’ FOR ALL ASTHMA PATIENTS
INDICATED WHEN B2 AGONIST REQUIRED DAILY
START 100-200 mg BD
EFFECT
SUPRESS BRONCHIAL INFLAMMATION
INCREASE PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE
NO ROLE IN ACUTE ATTACK
PEAK EFFECT IN 4-7 DAYS
DOESN’T PRECIPITATE ASTHMA, MUUSCULAR PAIN, LASSITUDE, DEPRESSION, HYPOTENSION
IN COPD
HIGH DOSE INHALED STEROIDS BENEFICIAL ONLY IN ADVANCED CASES
NO PROOF THAT THEY SLOW DISEASE PROGRESSION
ADVERSE EFFECT
EXAMPLES
BUDESONIDE
BECLOMETHASONE DIPRPIONATE
FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE
FLUNISOLIDE
CICLESONIDE
THANK YOU
Copd indacaterol trials
The ILLUMINATE and SPARK trials evaluated the efficacy and safety of QVA149 compared to other COPD medications. ILLUMINATE found that in moderate to severe COPD, QVA149 provided significant lung function improvements over 26 weeks compared to salmeterol-fluticasone. SPARK found in severe and very severe COPD, QVA149 reduced exacerbations more than glycopyrronium or tiotropium over 64 weeks and improved lung function and health status. Both trials showed QVA149 to be well tolerated.
Respiratoy drugs outline
The document discusses various drugs used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma, allergies, cough, and congestion. It covers the mechanisms and effects of bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory agents, antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Key points include how these drugs work to relax airways, reduce inflammation, block histamine receptors, constrict blood vessels in the nose, suppress cough reflexes, thin mucus, and make secretions easier to remove.
Dual bronchodilation in COPD
This document contains multiple choice questions about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its treatment. It asks questions about the types of emphysema most severe in upper lobes, risk factors for mortality, most significant COPD symptom, best test for exacerbation severity, and accurate treatment statements. It also provides clinical information about COPD pathogenesis, airflow limitation, symptoms by disease severity, rationale for dual bronchodilation, and studies on withdrawing inhaled corticosteroids.
LLU Respiratory Pharmacology Review Podcast 2013
This document summarizes the pathophysiology and treatment of respiratory conditions like asthma, COPD, and pulmonary hypertension. It describes asthma as widespread reversible narrowing of airways due to increased bronchial responsiveness and inflammation. Treatment depends on timing and includes short-acting beta-agonists for acute relief and inhaled corticosteroids for chronic inflammation reduction. Beta-agonists, methylxanthines, anti-muscarinics, leukotriene inhibitors, and corticosteroids are discussed as primary asthma therapies. COPD treatment focuses on bronchodilators and corticosteroids for severe cases. Pulmonary hypertension can be treated with prostanoids, endothelin receptor antagonists, or phosphodiesterase
Pharmacology of Respiratory Diseases
This document discusses the pharmacology of various drugs used to treat respiratory diseases like asthma and COPD. It begins by describing asthma as a recurrent and reversible shortness of breath caused by bronchospasm, inflammation, and mucus production. It then outlines categories of asthma and defines COPD. The rest of the document summarizes different classes of drugs used to treat these conditions, including long-term controllers, quick relievers, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, mast cell stabilizers, and other respiratory agents. For each class, it discusses mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and nursing implications.
Beta 2 agonists
This document outlines the structure and function of beta-2 agonists used to treat asthma. It discusses how modifications to the chemical structure can prolong the duration of action. It also describes the intracellular signaling pathway of beta-2 agonists and their mechanisms of action, including relaxation of airway smooth muscle. The document summarizes the pharmacologic attributes and differences between short-acting beta-2 agonists like albuterol and long-acting ones like formoterol and salmeterol. It discusses potential non-bronchodilator effects and issues of tolerance with regular use. The document concludes by outlining some clinical applications and safety studies of beta-2 agonists.
Salbutamol
Salbutamol is a short-acting, selective beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist used to treat bronchospasm and respiratory diseases. It works by directly acting on beta2-receptors in the lungs and other tissues to cause bronchodilation. Common side effects include tremors, headache, and tachycardia. Salbutamol has a rapid onset of action via inhalation and is dosed every 4-6 hours as needed to relieve symptoms. Special precautions are needed in patients at risk of hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, or arrhythmias.
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1 Basque Office for Health Technology Assessment (Osteba), Department of Health and Consumer Affairs, Basque Government, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
2 Faculty of Nursing Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
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We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.Efficacy of Avartana Sneha in Ayurveda
Avartana Sneha is a unique method of Preparation of Sneha Kalpana in Ayurveda, mainly it is indicated for the Vataja rogas.
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