The document discusses electoral reforms needed in India to ensure free and fair elections. It notes that current elections are plagued by issues like money power and muscle power that influence voters. It proposes several reforms such as having the Election Commission finance candidates to reduce the influence of black money. It also recommends allowing auditing of candidate expenses, holding successive elections to implement uniform policies, and empowering election observers and state police forces to curb malpractices. Forming an interim government prior to elections is also proposed to prevent any party from dominating the election process. Overall, the document outlines issues with the current system and puts forth different electoral reforms for free and fair elections in India.
With the apex court illegally abrogating the NJAC Act and no hope for the even more important NJ Accountability Commission, a fervent request is made to the PM for constituting a National Quasi Judicial Appointments and Accountability Commission
The Supreme Court of Justice in Colombia is taking steps to investigate links between politicians and paramilitary groups ("parapolitics"). In two recent decisions, the Court asserted its competence to investigate current and former members of Congress for these links. First, it ruled that crimes related to accepting support from paramilitary groups are still under the Court's jurisdiction even if the politician leaves office. Second, the Court proposed that such politicians could be considered members of paramilitary leadership and thus responsible for crimes against humanity by those groups, even without directly committing the crimes themselves. These rulings aim to hold politicians accountable for alleged collaboration with illegal armed groups.
Memorandum to maharashtra government about shakti billZahidManiyar
The document is a letter objecting to the proposed Maharashtra Shakti Bill, 2020 and the accompanying Special Courts and Machinery for the Implementation of the Shakti Bill, 2020. It raises several concerns about provisions in the bills, including that the presumption of consent negates the offense of rape, the death penalty will reduce conviction rates and deter reporting, and the short investigation and trial timeframes will compromise justice. It requests that the bills not be tabled without further consultation with women's rights experts and stakeholders.
Justice is a concept based on ethics, rationality, law, and equal protection and treatment of all people. India's constitution places justice as the highest priority and aims to secure justice for all citizens. However, over 60 years after independence, India still has a massive backlog of cases and justice remains elusive for many. The judicial system is plagued by delays, corruption, lack of infrastructure and resources, and political interference, denying timely justice to most citizens. Reforms are needed such as increasing judges and infrastructure, digitizing case records, enforcing deadlines, ensuring transparency, and insulating the judiciary from political influences to help reduce case backlogs and help provide fair and timely justice for all Indians.
Growing Up on Death Row: The Death Penalty and Juvenile Offenders in Iran ABA IHRC
Scores of youths in Iran are languishing on death row for crimes committed under the age of 18, said Amnesty International in a damning new report published today. The report debunks recent attempts by Iran’s authorities to whitewash their continuing violations of children’s rights and deflect criticism of their appalling record as one of the world’s last executioners of juvenile offenders.
Growing up on death row: The death penalty and juvenile offenders in Iran reveals that Iran has continued to consign juvenile offenders to the gallows, while trumpeting as major advances, piecemeal reforms that fail to abolish the death penalty against juvenile offenders.
“This report sheds light on Iran’s shameful disregard for the rights of children. Iran is one of the few countries that continues to execute juvenile offenders in blatant violation of the absolute legal prohibition on the use of the death penalty against people under the age of 18 years at the time of the crime,” said Said Boumedouha, Deputy Director of Amnesty International’s Middle East and North Africa Programme.
The court document discusses a case regarding a political party allegedly obtaining and using personal voter details without permission for campaigning in violation of conduct codes. The court notes the election authority has not fully investigated how the data was leaked. It directs the authority to immediately determine how the political party accessed the information and take appropriate action. The court also notes the election commission has not received a letter from the party seeking permission to send bulk messages and hopes the investigation will be completed quickly followed by proper steps. The matter is scheduled for another hearing on March 31.
This document summarizes concerns regarding Colombia's implementation of recommendations from the UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial executions following a 2009 visit. [1] Security forces continue to directly violate the right to life, with at least 70 such killings registered in 2010 alone. [2] The military justice system continues to investigate extrajudicial execution cases and lacks collaboration with civilian courts. [3] Proposed constitutional reforms risk increasing impunity by expanding the military justice system's jurisdiction over human rights crimes.
The document discusses electoral reforms needed in India to ensure free and fair elections. It notes that current elections are plagued by issues like money power and muscle power that influence voters. It proposes several reforms such as having the Election Commission finance candidates to reduce the influence of black money. It also recommends allowing auditing of candidate expenses, holding successive elections to implement uniform policies, and empowering election observers and state police forces to curb malpractices. Forming an interim government prior to elections is also proposed to prevent any party from dominating the election process. Overall, the document outlines issues with the current system and puts forth different electoral reforms for free and fair elections in India.
With the apex court illegally abrogating the NJAC Act and no hope for the even more important NJ Accountability Commission, a fervent request is made to the PM for constituting a National Quasi Judicial Appointments and Accountability Commission
The Supreme Court of Justice in Colombia is taking steps to investigate links between politicians and paramilitary groups ("parapolitics"). In two recent decisions, the Court asserted its competence to investigate current and former members of Congress for these links. First, it ruled that crimes related to accepting support from paramilitary groups are still under the Court's jurisdiction even if the politician leaves office. Second, the Court proposed that such politicians could be considered members of paramilitary leadership and thus responsible for crimes against humanity by those groups, even without directly committing the crimes themselves. These rulings aim to hold politicians accountable for alleged collaboration with illegal armed groups.
Memorandum to maharashtra government about shakti billZahidManiyar
The document is a letter objecting to the proposed Maharashtra Shakti Bill, 2020 and the accompanying Special Courts and Machinery for the Implementation of the Shakti Bill, 2020. It raises several concerns about provisions in the bills, including that the presumption of consent negates the offense of rape, the death penalty will reduce conviction rates and deter reporting, and the short investigation and trial timeframes will compromise justice. It requests that the bills not be tabled without further consultation with women's rights experts and stakeholders.
Justice is a concept based on ethics, rationality, law, and equal protection and treatment of all people. India's constitution places justice as the highest priority and aims to secure justice for all citizens. However, over 60 years after independence, India still has a massive backlog of cases and justice remains elusive for many. The judicial system is plagued by delays, corruption, lack of infrastructure and resources, and political interference, denying timely justice to most citizens. Reforms are needed such as increasing judges and infrastructure, digitizing case records, enforcing deadlines, ensuring transparency, and insulating the judiciary from political influences to help reduce case backlogs and help provide fair and timely justice for all Indians.
Growing Up on Death Row: The Death Penalty and Juvenile Offenders in Iran ABA IHRC
Scores of youths in Iran are languishing on death row for crimes committed under the age of 18, said Amnesty International in a damning new report published today. The report debunks recent attempts by Iran’s authorities to whitewash their continuing violations of children’s rights and deflect criticism of their appalling record as one of the world’s last executioners of juvenile offenders.
Growing up on death row: The death penalty and juvenile offenders in Iran reveals that Iran has continued to consign juvenile offenders to the gallows, while trumpeting as major advances, piecemeal reforms that fail to abolish the death penalty against juvenile offenders.
“This report sheds light on Iran’s shameful disregard for the rights of children. Iran is one of the few countries that continues to execute juvenile offenders in blatant violation of the absolute legal prohibition on the use of the death penalty against people under the age of 18 years at the time of the crime,” said Said Boumedouha, Deputy Director of Amnesty International’s Middle East and North Africa Programme.
The court document discusses a case regarding a political party allegedly obtaining and using personal voter details without permission for campaigning in violation of conduct codes. The court notes the election authority has not fully investigated how the data was leaked. It directs the authority to immediately determine how the political party accessed the information and take appropriate action. The court also notes the election commission has not received a letter from the party seeking permission to send bulk messages and hopes the investigation will be completed quickly followed by proper steps. The matter is scheduled for another hearing on March 31.
This document summarizes concerns regarding Colombia's implementation of recommendations from the UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial executions following a 2009 visit. [1] Security forces continue to directly violate the right to life, with at least 70 such killings registered in 2010 alone. [2] The military justice system continues to investigate extrajudicial execution cases and lacks collaboration with civilian courts. [3] Proposed constitutional reforms risk increasing impunity by expanding the military justice system's jurisdiction over human rights crimes.
Human_Rights_Guidance_for_Police_Authorities-Human Rights Guidance - Jan 09SAIMA AFZAL MBE
The document provides guidance for police authorities on monitoring compliance with the Human Rights Act 1998. It outlines the key aspects of the Act and human rights standards applicable to policing. Specifically, it discusses:
1) The mandatory duty for police authorities to monitor their local police force's compliance with the Human Rights Act.
2) The three categories of rights protected by the Act - absolute, special, and qualified rights - and what restrictions are permitted for each.
3) Key human rights standards derived from the European Convention on Human Rights, including the requirements that any interference with qualified rights must be prescribed by law, legitimate, necessary and proportionate.
In accordance with Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Final) (1)Arjun Asthana
The document summarizes the key aspects of establishing Internal Complaints Committees and Local Complaints Committees according to the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 in India. It outlines that every employer must constitute an Internal Complaints Committee to address sexual harassment complaints. It describes the committee's composition and procedures for filing complaints, conducting inquiries, and settling matters through conciliation. For workplaces with fewer than 10 employees or complaints against the employer, complaints can be filed with the Local Complaints Committee constituted at the district level.
The Law Commission of India has made several recommendations for electoral reforms in its Twentieth Law Commission's Report No 255, including curbing criminalization of politics, regulating political parties and election funding, and speeding up election disputes. However, the Commission lacks enforcement powers and the law ministry is not bound to implement its recommendations. Many of the Commission's suggestions for critical reforms remain unimplemented.
The document is a petition from Citizens for Justice and Peace to the National Human Rights Commission regarding human rights violations by police in Uttar Pradesh during protests against the Citizenship Amendment Act. It summarizes that 20 people have died due to police action, over 850 people have been arrested, and many homes and shops have been damaged or sealed by police. The petition requests an independent inquiry into police brutality and guidelines to prevent such violations of peaceful protestors' rights in the future.
Somewhere amidst the unending human rights violations, prolonged court proceedings and bleak hopes, the word ‘justice’ has lost its meaning. In Hans Kelsen’s words, longing for justice is a man’s eternal longing for happiness.
The document provides an overview of criminal justice systems around the world and in Pakistan. It discusses the adversarial system used in common law countries where two advocates argue their positions before an impartial judge or jury. It also describes the inquisitorial system used in countries like Germany and France where the judge plays an active role in investigating the case. The document then discusses the Mughal judicial system and its hierarchy of courts at the imperial, provincial, district, and local levels. It finally outlines the key organs of Pakistan's current adversarial criminal justice system: investigation, prosecution, judiciary, and corrections.
This document appears to be a quiz for a criminal justice course covering topics related to corrections, jails, prisons, inmate classification, and ethics. It contains 50 multiple choice questions testing knowledge about jail management, reasons for incarceration trends, inmate housing categories, and examples of misconduct by police and prosecutors. The questions cover issues such as definitions of nonfeasance, inmate labeling, criteria for inmate classification, reasons for longer prison sentences, and Supreme Court rulings on civil rights violations.
This document discusses custodial deaths and torture in police custody in India. It summarizes a Supreme Court of India case where writ petitions were filed regarding frequent complaints of custodial violence and deaths in police lockups across states. The court issued notices to all state governments and the Law Commission of India to examine the issue and suggest guidelines to prevent custodial torture and compensate victims. The court and amicus curiae considered the fundamental rights of citizens and need to curb police powers and protect individuals from abuse of authority.
Un code of conduct for law enforcement officialsZahidManiyar
This document outlines a code of conduct for law enforcement officials with the following key points:
1) Law enforcement officials must fulfill their duty to serve the community, protect all people from illegal acts, and respect human dignity and human rights.
2) Force may only be used when strictly necessary and to the extent required to perform their duties. Firearms should only be used as an extreme measure.
3) Law enforcement officials must not commit any acts of corruption or torture, or invoke superior orders to justify such acts. They must also secure medical attention for anyone in their custody.
This document discusses adultery laws in India. It provides:
1) A brief history of adultery laws from ancient codes like Code of Ur-Nammu to modern laws in countries like France and Ottoman Empire.
2) An overview of adultery provisions in Hindu Marriage Act 1955, Indian Penal Code, and Criminal Procedure Code in India.
3) How courts have historically interpreted these laws, initially upholding gender discrimination but more recently questioning outdated assumptions.
Mha model code of conduct - indian policeZahidManiyar
The guidelines issued by the Ministry of Home Affairs outline a code of conduct for police in India. The code of conduct establishes 13 principles for police, including that they must faithfully uphold the constitution, respect citizens' rights, use minimal force, cooperate with the public, maintain high integrity, and promote national unity and equality. The guidelines aim to prevent police corruption by establishing standards of impartial enforcement of the law, appropriate use of powers, and high personal and professional ethics.
This presentation talks about the Prevention Of Sexual Harassment Act (POSHA), and tells you as an employer what are the compliance you need to make sure, in-terms of forming an ICC or LCC etc.,
1) Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code, known as the dowry law, allows a wife to file a complaint against her husband or in-laws for cruelty and harassment over dowry demands.
2) On the basis of the complaint alone, without any investigation, the accused can be immediately arrested and jailed, causing mental trauma.
3) The law is seen as biased towards women and discriminatory as it does not consider the possibility of a false complaint being made, violating basic human rights. There have been many instances where innocent family members including young children and pregnant women were arrested.
The document discusses India's National Action Plan for dog Mediated Rabies Elimination (NAPRE) by 2030. Some key points:
- Rabies is a fatal viral disease spread through animal bites that causes 20,000 deaths annually in India. It is mostly spread through dog bites.
- The plan aims to eliminate rabies transmitted by dogs by 2030. It was drafted by the National Centre for Disease Control in consultation with animal husbandry ministries.
- The plan will focus on vaccinating dogs, increasing awareness, and ensuring proper medical care after animal exposures to prevent the spread of the disease. Rabies disproportionately impacts those under 15 in India.
Fighting Harassment with Law and Jurisdiction Ahmed AlBabily
Laws around the world vary widely in how they define and penalize harassment and sexual harassment. Penalties range from fines to imprisonment. Some countries like Pakistan and Australia set clear prison terms and fine amounts for harassment, while others like India and Egypt still have developing laws around harassment and seek to establish stronger deterrent legislation. Enforcement of laws also differs, with laws in Russia said to be rarely enforced in practice.
The document discusses the need for electoral reforms in India to reduce the influence of money and muscle power in politics. It outlines several issues with the current system such as rampant criminalization of politics and vote-buying. Various organizations like the Election Commission and Association for Democratic Reforms have proposed reforms such as banning candidates with criminal charges, regulating campaign financing and introducing a 'none of the above' option. The document also summarizes the Supreme Court's recent decision to remove protection for convicted politicians. Overall, the document argues that substantial electoral reforms are needed to strengthen democracy and empower citizens in India.
Lawyer in Vietnam Oliver Massmann ALERT IMPRISONMENT/JAIL for Labour Law viol...Dr. Oliver Massmann
The document summarizes new criminal sanctions for labor law violations under Vietnam's revised Penal Code, including imprisonment for illegal dismissal of employees, employing minors in dangerous work, evading payment of social insurance, and coercive labor. Employers who violate these labor laws face monetary fines and imprisonment ranging from 3 months to over 10 years, depending on the specific violation and aggravating factors. The document advises all employers to update their internal labor rules and inform management of these changes to the Penal Code in order to comply with the new laws.
Un human rights standards and practicce for the policeZahidManiyar
This document is an expanded pocket book on human rights standards and practice for police published by the United Nations in 2004. It provides concise summaries of international human rights standards related to key areas of policing such as investigations, arrest, detention, use of force, and more. For each standard, it offers recommendations on how to apply those standards in practice. The document is intended to be a readily accessible reference for police officers on major human rights topics relevant to their work.
The document discusses combating corruption in Russia through national legislation and enforcement efforts. It outlines some of the key players in anti-corruption efforts in Russia and abroad. Statistics are presented showing perceptions of corruption in Russia and attitudes within business. The main types of fraud and corruption risks according to surveys are outlined. An overview is then provided of Russia's anti-corruption laws, including prohibitions on bribery, receiving bribes, and intermediating bribes. Recent amendments strengthening anti-corruption legislation are also noted.
This document discusses how democracy has been subverted in India through changes to the parliamentary system that have benefited lawmakers. It notes that MPs are not required to live in their constituencies, have unlimited chances to run for office even with criminal convictions, do not have to disclose expenses, and receive lifetime pensions even if they only serve one day. The document argues this has allowed lawmakers to irrationally and lavishly help themselves while claiming India is a poor country. It also discusses how links between criminals, politicians and bureaucrats have undermined the criminal justice system and good governance.
Human_Rights_Guidance_for_Police_Authorities-Human Rights Guidance - Jan 09SAIMA AFZAL MBE
The document provides guidance for police authorities on monitoring compliance with the Human Rights Act 1998. It outlines the key aspects of the Act and human rights standards applicable to policing. Specifically, it discusses:
1) The mandatory duty for police authorities to monitor their local police force's compliance with the Human Rights Act.
2) The three categories of rights protected by the Act - absolute, special, and qualified rights - and what restrictions are permitted for each.
3) Key human rights standards derived from the European Convention on Human Rights, including the requirements that any interference with qualified rights must be prescribed by law, legitimate, necessary and proportionate.
In accordance with Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Final) (1)Arjun Asthana
The document summarizes the key aspects of establishing Internal Complaints Committees and Local Complaints Committees according to the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 in India. It outlines that every employer must constitute an Internal Complaints Committee to address sexual harassment complaints. It describes the committee's composition and procedures for filing complaints, conducting inquiries, and settling matters through conciliation. For workplaces with fewer than 10 employees or complaints against the employer, complaints can be filed with the Local Complaints Committee constituted at the district level.
The Law Commission of India has made several recommendations for electoral reforms in its Twentieth Law Commission's Report No 255, including curbing criminalization of politics, regulating political parties and election funding, and speeding up election disputes. However, the Commission lacks enforcement powers and the law ministry is not bound to implement its recommendations. Many of the Commission's suggestions for critical reforms remain unimplemented.
The document is a petition from Citizens for Justice and Peace to the National Human Rights Commission regarding human rights violations by police in Uttar Pradesh during protests against the Citizenship Amendment Act. It summarizes that 20 people have died due to police action, over 850 people have been arrested, and many homes and shops have been damaged or sealed by police. The petition requests an independent inquiry into police brutality and guidelines to prevent such violations of peaceful protestors' rights in the future.
Somewhere amidst the unending human rights violations, prolonged court proceedings and bleak hopes, the word ‘justice’ has lost its meaning. In Hans Kelsen’s words, longing for justice is a man’s eternal longing for happiness.
The document provides an overview of criminal justice systems around the world and in Pakistan. It discusses the adversarial system used in common law countries where two advocates argue their positions before an impartial judge or jury. It also describes the inquisitorial system used in countries like Germany and France where the judge plays an active role in investigating the case. The document then discusses the Mughal judicial system and its hierarchy of courts at the imperial, provincial, district, and local levels. It finally outlines the key organs of Pakistan's current adversarial criminal justice system: investigation, prosecution, judiciary, and corrections.
This document appears to be a quiz for a criminal justice course covering topics related to corrections, jails, prisons, inmate classification, and ethics. It contains 50 multiple choice questions testing knowledge about jail management, reasons for incarceration trends, inmate housing categories, and examples of misconduct by police and prosecutors. The questions cover issues such as definitions of nonfeasance, inmate labeling, criteria for inmate classification, reasons for longer prison sentences, and Supreme Court rulings on civil rights violations.
This document discusses custodial deaths and torture in police custody in India. It summarizes a Supreme Court of India case where writ petitions were filed regarding frequent complaints of custodial violence and deaths in police lockups across states. The court issued notices to all state governments and the Law Commission of India to examine the issue and suggest guidelines to prevent custodial torture and compensate victims. The court and amicus curiae considered the fundamental rights of citizens and need to curb police powers and protect individuals from abuse of authority.
Un code of conduct for law enforcement officialsZahidManiyar
This document outlines a code of conduct for law enforcement officials with the following key points:
1) Law enforcement officials must fulfill their duty to serve the community, protect all people from illegal acts, and respect human dignity and human rights.
2) Force may only be used when strictly necessary and to the extent required to perform their duties. Firearms should only be used as an extreme measure.
3) Law enforcement officials must not commit any acts of corruption or torture, or invoke superior orders to justify such acts. They must also secure medical attention for anyone in their custody.
This document discusses adultery laws in India. It provides:
1) A brief history of adultery laws from ancient codes like Code of Ur-Nammu to modern laws in countries like France and Ottoman Empire.
2) An overview of adultery provisions in Hindu Marriage Act 1955, Indian Penal Code, and Criminal Procedure Code in India.
3) How courts have historically interpreted these laws, initially upholding gender discrimination but more recently questioning outdated assumptions.
Mha model code of conduct - indian policeZahidManiyar
The guidelines issued by the Ministry of Home Affairs outline a code of conduct for police in India. The code of conduct establishes 13 principles for police, including that they must faithfully uphold the constitution, respect citizens' rights, use minimal force, cooperate with the public, maintain high integrity, and promote national unity and equality. The guidelines aim to prevent police corruption by establishing standards of impartial enforcement of the law, appropriate use of powers, and high personal and professional ethics.
This presentation talks about the Prevention Of Sexual Harassment Act (POSHA), and tells you as an employer what are the compliance you need to make sure, in-terms of forming an ICC or LCC etc.,
1) Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code, known as the dowry law, allows a wife to file a complaint against her husband or in-laws for cruelty and harassment over dowry demands.
2) On the basis of the complaint alone, without any investigation, the accused can be immediately arrested and jailed, causing mental trauma.
3) The law is seen as biased towards women and discriminatory as it does not consider the possibility of a false complaint being made, violating basic human rights. There have been many instances where innocent family members including young children and pregnant women were arrested.
The document discusses India's National Action Plan for dog Mediated Rabies Elimination (NAPRE) by 2030. Some key points:
- Rabies is a fatal viral disease spread through animal bites that causes 20,000 deaths annually in India. It is mostly spread through dog bites.
- The plan aims to eliminate rabies transmitted by dogs by 2030. It was drafted by the National Centre for Disease Control in consultation with animal husbandry ministries.
- The plan will focus on vaccinating dogs, increasing awareness, and ensuring proper medical care after animal exposures to prevent the spread of the disease. Rabies disproportionately impacts those under 15 in India.
Fighting Harassment with Law and Jurisdiction Ahmed AlBabily
Laws around the world vary widely in how they define and penalize harassment and sexual harassment. Penalties range from fines to imprisonment. Some countries like Pakistan and Australia set clear prison terms and fine amounts for harassment, while others like India and Egypt still have developing laws around harassment and seek to establish stronger deterrent legislation. Enforcement of laws also differs, with laws in Russia said to be rarely enforced in practice.
The document discusses the need for electoral reforms in India to reduce the influence of money and muscle power in politics. It outlines several issues with the current system such as rampant criminalization of politics and vote-buying. Various organizations like the Election Commission and Association for Democratic Reforms have proposed reforms such as banning candidates with criminal charges, regulating campaign financing and introducing a 'none of the above' option. The document also summarizes the Supreme Court's recent decision to remove protection for convicted politicians. Overall, the document argues that substantial electoral reforms are needed to strengthen democracy and empower citizens in India.
Lawyer in Vietnam Oliver Massmann ALERT IMPRISONMENT/JAIL for Labour Law viol...Dr. Oliver Massmann
The document summarizes new criminal sanctions for labor law violations under Vietnam's revised Penal Code, including imprisonment for illegal dismissal of employees, employing minors in dangerous work, evading payment of social insurance, and coercive labor. Employers who violate these labor laws face monetary fines and imprisonment ranging from 3 months to over 10 years, depending on the specific violation and aggravating factors. The document advises all employers to update their internal labor rules and inform management of these changes to the Penal Code in order to comply with the new laws.
Un human rights standards and practicce for the policeZahidManiyar
This document is an expanded pocket book on human rights standards and practice for police published by the United Nations in 2004. It provides concise summaries of international human rights standards related to key areas of policing such as investigations, arrest, detention, use of force, and more. For each standard, it offers recommendations on how to apply those standards in practice. The document is intended to be a readily accessible reference for police officers on major human rights topics relevant to their work.
The document discusses combating corruption in Russia through national legislation and enforcement efforts. It outlines some of the key players in anti-corruption efforts in Russia and abroad. Statistics are presented showing perceptions of corruption in Russia and attitudes within business. The main types of fraud and corruption risks according to surveys are outlined. An overview is then provided of Russia's anti-corruption laws, including prohibitions on bribery, receiving bribes, and intermediating bribes. Recent amendments strengthening anti-corruption legislation are also noted.
This document discusses how democracy has been subverted in India through changes to the parliamentary system that have benefited lawmakers. It notes that MPs are not required to live in their constituencies, have unlimited chances to run for office even with criminal convictions, do not have to disclose expenses, and receive lifetime pensions even if they only serve one day. The document argues this has allowed lawmakers to irrationally and lavishly help themselves while claiming India is a poor country. It also discusses how links between criminals, politicians and bureaucrats have undermined the criminal justice system and good governance.
Abhay Bhutada Leads Poonawalla Fincorp To Record Low NPA And Unprecedented Gr...Vighnesh Shashtri
Under the leadership of Abhay Bhutada, Poonawalla Fincorp has achieved record-low Non-Performing Assets (NPA) and witnessed unprecedented growth. Bhutada's strategic vision and effective management have significantly enhanced the company's financial health, showcasing a robust performance in the financial sector. This achievement underscores the company's resilience and ability to thrive in a competitive market, setting a new benchmark for operational excellence in the industry.
In a tight labour market, job-seekers gain bargaining power and leverage it into greater job quality—at least, that’s the conventional wisdom.
Michael, LMIC Economist, presented findings that reveal a weakened relationship between labour market tightness and job quality indicators following the pandemic. Labour market tightness coincided with growth in real wages for only a portion of workers: those in low-wage jobs requiring little education. Several factors—including labour market composition, worker and employer behaviour, and labour market practices—have contributed to the absence of worker benefits. These will be investigated further in future work.
BONKMILLON Unleashes Its Bonkers Potential on Solana.pdfcoingabbar
Introducing BONKMILLON - The Most Bonkers Meme Coin Yet
Let's be real for a second – the world of meme coins can feel like a bit of a circus at times. Every other day, there's a new token promising to take you "to the moon" or offering some groundbreaking utility that'll change the game forever. But how many of them actually deliver on that hype?
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After this second you should be able to: Explain the main determinants of demand for any mineral product, and their relative importance; recognise and explain how demand for any product is likely to change with economic activity; recognise and explain the roles of technology and relative prices in influencing demand; be able to explain the differences between the rates of growth of demand for different products.
1. Elemental Economics - Introduction to mining.pdfNeal Brewster
After this first you should: Understand the nature of mining; have an awareness of the industry’s boundaries, corporate structure and size; appreciation the complex motivations and objectives of the industries’ various participants; know how mineral reserves are defined and estimated, and how they evolve over time.
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Delve into the world of STREETONOMICS, where a team of 7 enthusiasts embarks on a journey to understand unorganized markets. By engaging with a coffee street vendor and crafting questionnaires, this project uncovers valuable insights into consumer behavior and market dynamics in informal settings."
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Laura Adkins-Hackett, Economist, LMIC, and Sukriti Trehan, Data Scientist, LMIC, presented their research exploring trends in the skills listed in OJPs to develop a deeper understanding of in-demand skills. This research project uses pointwise mutual information and other methods to extract more information about common skills from the relationships between skills, occupations and regions.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
IRB SAYS IT CAN COLLECT OUTSTANDING TAXES EVEN AFTER DEATH
1. Tel : 03-7957 2829
Mobile : 019-326 4243
URL : www.rockwillstrust.my
IRB SAYS IT CAN COLLECT
OUTSTANDING TAXES EVEN AFTER
DEATH
Sunday, October 1, 2017
The Inland Revenue Board (IRB) says the outstanding taxes is legally empowered
to collect even after someone has died.
According to the Income Tax Act 1967, Section 74 and Section 106, IRB is
empowered to claim a deceased’s outstanding tax from the rightful next-of –kin.
If the next-of-kin is not able to pay the whole sum, IRB advises the next-of-kin to
visit IRB’s office to discuss paying in installments.
Section 74 of the Income Tax Act 1967 states: “Where an individual dies in the
basis year for a year of assessment, his executors shall be assessable and
chargeable to tax for that year of assessment, for the following year of
assessment and, whenever necessary, for any previous year of assessment in
respect of the chargeable income of that individual for any such year of
assessment; and, where they are so assessable and chargeable, they shall be
assessable and chargeable to tax in like manner and to the like amount as the
individual would be assessed and charged to tax if he had not died”.
Section 106 of the same Act allows the government to recover tax due and
payable through civil proceedings as a debt due to the government.
A Facebook post by one Amran Mohamed complaining about the IRB pursuing
his outstanding taxes from his wife after claiming that he had died. IRB made
the explanation in this case, stated that it had mistakenly it had passed away
and apologised for the error.
IRB found that the payee is still alive and would like to apologise to him for the
mistake.
It said a letter of apologized had sent to him and appropriated action had taken
to avoid a similar mistake.
However, IRB has the power to collect outstanding taxes even who had died.
2. Tel : 03-7957 2829
Mobile : 019-326 4243
URL : www.rockwillstrust.my
Likewise, if a deceased had overpaid his or her taxes, the rightful next-of-kin can
apply for a reimbursement with the relevant documents.