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What is Intellectual Property?




also called...

IP
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)
Industrial Property Rights


  What’s the relevance to you?
Intellectual Property
                INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS




“Intangible rights protecting the products of human intelligence and creation”
Intellectual Property Rights




Legally protected rights that attach to different kinds of
                 intellectual property...
Intellectual Property Rights are
legally enforceable rights
Different Kinds of IP
It’s horses for courses...
What do all types of IP have in common?
IP is property
IP is territorial
IP can be costly to enforce
Not just an ‘idea’
IP is not a right to do something...
IP is not a right to do something...




It’s a right to prevent someone else from doing something
Generally owned by an employer...
Generally owned by an employer...


  If created by an employee
  in the course of their duties
3 Key Facts about Copyright
3 Key Facts about Copyright




Literary, dramatic, musical, artistic works
3 Key Facts about Copyright




Literary, dramatic, musical, artistic works


It’s a right to prevent copying
3 Key Facts about Copyright




Literary, dramatic, musical, artistic works


It’s a right to prevent copying

Arises automatically
3 Key Facts about what Copyright is not




X

X

X
3 Key Facts about what Copyright is not




X Intended to protect ideas

X

X
3 Key Facts about what Copyright is not




X Intended to protect ideas

X Necessary to register

X
3 Key Facts about what Copyright is not




X Intended to protect ideas

X Necessary to register

X Protect insubstantial copying
How to protect your copyright?



      Assert your rights!


   Keep supporting evidence


 Agreement between co-authors
Phantom towns...
Redundant code...
DRM - software code embedded in digital
              media file
When is copying OK?

 Non-commercial research & private study

 Critisism, review and reporting current events

 Teaching in educational establishments

 Time shifting
Moral Rights - Authors & Performers
Moral Rights - Authors & Performers




Right to be identified as an author
Moral Rights - Authors & Performers




Right to be identified as an author


Right to object to derogatory
treatment
Moral Rights - Authors & Performers




Right to be identified as an author


Right to object to derogatory
treatment

Must be asserted (but can waive)
Moral Rights Don’t Apply:




X

X

X

X
Moral Rights Don’t Apply:




X Computer programs

X

X

X
Moral Rights Don’t Apply:




X Computer programs

X Ownership by the author’s employer

X

X
Moral Rights Don’t Apply:




X Computer programs

X Ownership by the author’s employer

X Newspapers or magazines

X
Moral Rights Don’t Apply:




X Computer programs

X Ownership by the author’s employer

X Newspapers or magazines

X Reference works
Unregistered Design Right
Registered Designs   Unregistered Design Right
Registered Designs                 Unregistered Design Right

      Need to register

   Protects the overall
       appearance
 New & have individual character    Original (not commonplace)

      Exclusive right               Only protection if copied
    25 years protection
 12 months grace period
Registered Designs                 Unregistered Design Right

      Need to register                  Automatic right

   Protects the overall               Protects the shape or
       appearance                        configuration
 New & have individual character    Original (not commonplace)

      Exclusive right               Only protection if copied
    25 years protection                15 years protection
 12 months grace period                        N/A
Apple - Registered Design for the iPad...
From a galaxy
From a galaxy
far far away...
From a galaxy
far far away...
To a battle in
    court
3 Key Facts about Trade Marks
3 Key Facts about Trade Marks




Word/sign which can be graphically represented
3 Key Facts about Trade Marks




Word/sign which can be graphically represented


Distinguish the trade origins of goods/services
3 Key Facts about Trade Marks




Word/sign which can be graphically represented


Distinguish the trade origins of goods/services


Registered and unregistered         v TM
3 Key Facts about what TMs should be
3 Key Facts about what TMs should be




Distinctive (not descriptive of goods and services)
3 Key Facts about what TMs should be




Distinctive (not descriptive of goods and services)


Not similar/identical to existing marks (in same class)
3 Key Facts about what TMs should be




Distinctive (not descriptive of goods and services)


Not similar/identical to existing marks (in same class)


Exclusive right to use the mark for goods/services
Pick up a Penguin...




       To read         To eat
Looking After Your Trade Mark
Looking After Your Trade Mark




Trade marks - use it or lose it!
Looking After Your Trade Mark




Trade marks - use it or lose it!

Avoid becoming generic
Looking After Your Trade Mark




Trade marks - use it or lose it!

Avoid becoming generic

Don’t make constant changes
Patents protect products, processes, use of products...
Contract between the inventor and the state
Contract between the inventor and the state




                    Publication in return
                    for a monopoly right...
3 Key Facts about Patents
3 Key Facts about Patents




Patents protect an ‘invention’
3 Key Facts about Patents




Patents protect an ‘invention’

Patents are monopoly rights
3 Key Facts about Patents




Patents protect an ‘invention’

Patents are monopoly rights

   Patents are territorial
3 Key Facts about what patents are NOT
3 Key Facts about what patents are NOT




X Just an ‘idea’
3 Key Facts about what patents are NOT




X Just an ‘idea’

X Available for certain ‘exclusions’
3 Key Facts about what patents are NOT




X Just an ‘idea’

X Available for certain ‘exclusions’

X Enforceable until grant
Just because you can patent your invention...
Just because you can patent your invention...

       Doesn’t mean it’s a good idea!
In order to get a return on investment...




People must want to buy your product...
Trade Secrets
Trade Secrets




Secret, substantial and documented
Trade Secrets




Secret, substantial and documented

Only protection = secrecy
Trade Secrets




Secret, substantial and documented

Only protection = secrecy

Can disclose under confidentiality agreements
Most famous trade
secret of all time...
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