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- 1. Introduction to Medical Terminology And Medical Abbreviation
- 2. Medical terminology is language that is used to describe anatomical structures, processes, conditions, medical procedures, and treatments. At first glance, medical terms may appear intimidating, but once you understand the standard structure of medical words and the definitions of some common word elements, the meaning of thousands of medical terms is easily unlocked. Most medical terms adhere to a fixed structure of a prefix, a root, and a suffix. These word components are assembled like building blocks to create a vast vocabulary.
- 3. Basic Term Structure Medical terms are composed of these standard word parts: • Prefix: When included, the prefix appears at the beginning of a medical term and usually indicates a location, direction, type, quality, or quantity. • Root: The root gives a term its essential meaning. Nearly all medical terms contain at least one root. When a prefix is absent, the term begins with a root. • Suffix: The suffix appears at the end of a term and may indicate a specialty, test, procedure, function, disorder, or status. Otherwise, it may simply define whether the word is a noun, verb, or adjective. • Combining vowel: A combining vowel (usually the letter “o”) may be added between word parts to aid in pronunciation.
- 20. MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS A.B.G arterial blood gas a.c. before meals A.D.L. activities of daily living A.Fib. atrial fibrillation AMA against medical advice A&O alert and oriented A/P anterior–posterior ASAP as soon as possible b.i.d. twice a day B/L bilateral BP blood pressure BR bed rest bs bowel sounds BS breath sounds B/S bedside bx biopsy
- 21. c̅ with C Celsius, centigrade C1, C2, etc. first cervical vertebrae, second cervical vertebrae, etc. CA cardiac arrest CA, ca cancer, carcinoma CABG coronary artery bypass graft CAD coronary artery disease cal calorie cath catheter CBC complete blood count cc cubic centimeter CC chief complaint CHF congestive heart failure, chronic heart failure CCU coronary care unit
- 22. c/o complains of COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CP cerebral palsy CPAP continuous positive airway pressure CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation CRF chronic renal failure CSF cerebrospinal fluid CT computerized tomography CV cardiovascular CVA cerebral vascular accident CXR chest X-ray d day d/c discontinue DC discharge DM diabetes mellitus DNR do not resuscitate
- 23. DOA dead on arrival DOB date of birth DOE dyspnea on exertion d/t due to Dx diagnosis ECC, EKG electrocardiogram ED emergency department EEG electroencephalogram EENT eyes, ears, nose, throat EMG electromyogram ENT ears, nose, throat ER emergency room ETOH ethanol (alcohol) exam examination
- 24. F Fahrenheit FH family history fib fibrillation fl, fld fluid FOB foot of bed f/u follow-up Fx fracture GB gall bladder GCS Glasgow Coma Scale GE gastroenterology GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease G/E gastroenteritis gen general gest. gestation G.I. gastrointestina gluc glucose
- 25. GSW gunshot wound GTT glucose tolerance test GYN gynecology h hour H/A headache HAV hepatitis A virus Hb. hemoglobin HB heart block HBP high blood pressure h.d. at bedtime HEENT head, eyes, ears, nose, throat H2O water h/o history of HOB head of bed H&P history and physical HR heart rate HTN hypertension
- 26. Hx history Hz hertz (cycles/second) ICCU intensive coronary care unit ICP intracranial pressure ICU intensive care unit imp. impression incr. increased(ing) inf infusion, inferior I&O intake and output K potassium, kidney med. medicine mets. metastasis MI myocardial infarction min minute MICU medical intensive care unit MRI magnetic resonance imaging Na sodium
- 27. NaCl sodium chloride NG nasogastric NIC neonatal intensive care NICU neonatal intensive care unit NKA no known allergies NOS not otherwise specified NPO nothing by mouth N&V nausea and vomiting NVD nausea, vomiting, diarrhea O oral O2 oxygen O2 sat. oxygen saturation OA osteoarthritis OB, OBG obstetrics OB/GYN obstetrics and gynecology p&a percussion and auscultation PACU post anesthesia care unit
- 28. PAF paroxysmal atrial fibrillation palp. palpate, palpated, palpable p/c, p.c. after meals PD Parkinson’s disease PE physical exam, pulmonary embolism, pressure equalizer (tubes) PEG percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy PET positron emission tomography PH past history pharm pharmacy PHYS. physical, physiology PI present illness, pulmonary insufficiency PICU pulmonary intensive care unit PID pelvic inflammatory disease plts. platelets P.M. afternoon, postmortem PMH past medical history p.o. by mouth
- 29. POSTOP. postoperative pot. or potass. potassium pre-op preoperative PTA prior to admission PUD peptic ulcer disease PVD peripheral vascular disease Px, PX physical examination q every q.h. every hour q.i.d. four times a day qt. quart quad. quadriplegic rbc/RBC red blood cell, red blood count RCA right coronary artery RCU respiratory care unit RD respiratory distress RDS respiratory distress syndrome
- 30. rehab. rehabilitation resp. respiratory, respirations RF rheumatic fever Rx therapy, prescription s without s.c. subcutaneous(ly) Scc squamous cell carcinoma SICU surgical intensive care unit SIDS sudden infant death syndrome SL under the tongue SOB shortness of breath S/P, s/p status post (previous condition) s/s signs and symptoms stat., STAT immediately STD sexually transmitted disease subcut. subcutaneous subling. sublingual
- 31. surg. surgery, surgical Sx symptoms sys. system Syst. systolic Sz seizure tab. tablet TAH total abdominal hysterectomy TB tuberculosis TBI traumatic brain injury TIA transient ischemic attack TO telephone order TPN total parenteral nutrition TPR temperature, pulse, respiration tsp. teaspoon Tx treatment, traction U/A urinalysis URD upper respiratory disease
- 32. UTI urinary tract infection Via by way of vit. vitamin WNL within normal limits y.o. years old yrs. years