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Introduction to Signals and Systems 2EC302 new.pptx
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- 2. Course Assessment 2EC302 –Signals and Systems 2
- 3. Teaching and Learning 2EC302– Signals and Systems 3 Teaching • Cisco WebEx – Pedagogy through Power Point, board and chalk Learning • LMS Moodle for learning and resource management Simulati on • MATLAB Online
- 4. Course Outline 2EC302 –Signals and Systems 4 • Introduction of Signals and Systems • LTI System and Convolution • Fourier Representation • Frequency Domain Analysis • State Space Representations
- 5. Learning Outcome Upon completionof this course, students will be able to: 1. Classify the signals and evaluate properties of LTI systems 2. Analyze LTI systems in time domain and frequency domain 3. Demonstrate the use of state space model and its realization for LTI continuous and discrete time systems 2EC302 – Signals and Systems 5
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- 7. Suggested Books 1. SimonHaykin, Signals and Systems, John Wiley 2. Mrinal Mandal and Amir Asif, Continuous and Discrete time signals and systems, Cambridge University Press 3. Oppenheim & Wilsky, Signals and Systems, PHI 4. M. J. Roberts, Signals and Systems TMH India 5. Tarun Kumar Rawat, Signals and systems Oxford Univ. Press 2EC302 – Signals and Systems 7
- 8. Examples of Signals 2EC302– Signals and Systems 8 • Human Communication – Speech Signals – Face-to-Face conversation – Over a telephone channel – Visual in nature ( signals taking the form of images of people or objects around us) – Electronic mail over the Internet • Listening heartbeat of patient and monitoring blood pressure and temperature, diagnose the disease • Weather forecast • Fluctuations in the process of stocks
- 9. What is Signal? 2EC302– Signals and Systems 9 • Signal is defined as a function of one or more variable that conveys information on the nature of a physical phenomenon • A signal is a single-valued function of time that conveys information. • At every point in time, there is a unique value of the function • Value may either be a real number, giving a real- valued signal or a complex number
- 10. 2EC302 – Signalsand Systems 10 Analog Signal Digital Signal Speech Signal
- 11. What is theSystem? 2EC302 – Signals and Systems 11 • A system is any physical set of elements that takes a signal and produces a signal. • A system is defined as an entity that manipulates one or more signals to accomplish a function, thereby yielding new signals
- 12. Example of Signalsand Systems 2EC302 – Signals and Systems 12 • Circuit – Voltages & currents • Automobile – Pressure on accelerator & automobile speed • Electrocardiograms: – Digitalized electrocardiogram & heart rate • Camera: – Light & photograph • Robot arm: – Movement & motor speed
- 13. EC502/2EC302 – IntegratedCircuits and Applications t 0 t t x sin ) ( 1 2 2 1 t 0 t t x sin ) ( 1 2 2 1 Audio Output Audio Output u v An electric circuit An audio recording system A digital camera
- 14. Example of Signalsand Systems 2EC302 – Signals and Systems 14 • Communication System • Biomedical Signal Processing • Auditory System • Control System – Aircraft autopilots – Mass-transit vehicles – Automobile engines – Robots
- 15. Example of Signalsand Systems 2EC302 – Signals and Systems 15 • Remote Sensing Perspectival view of Mount Shasta (California), derived from a pair of stereo radar images acquired from orbit with the shuttle Imaging Radar (SIR-B). (Courtesy of Jet Propulsion Laboratory.)
- 16. Motivations 2EC302 – Signalsand Systems 16 • A specific circuit – How to quantify its response to different voltage & current sources • An aircraft Landing System – Input Signal: desire position of the aircraft relative to runway – System: Aircraft – Output Signal: Correction to the lateral position of the aircraft • Communication between aircraft pilot and traffic control tower – Signals or information is degraded by noise – Can a system retrain the pilot’s voice and reject unwanted noise?
- 17. Motivations 2EC302 – Signalsand Systems 17 • Images from deep space probes – Images might be degraded by atmospheric effects, transmission errors – How to compensate for these degradation or enhance some features? • Estimation of heart rate from an electrocardiogram • Economic forecasting • Long distance communication through atmosphere – Require the use of signals with frequencies in a particular part of the electromagnetic spectrum – Take into account possible distortion & interference
- 18. Analog Versus DigitalSignal Processing • Analog Processing – Use of resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistor amplifiers and diodes – Assured of real-time operation – No flexibility – Repeatability: suffer from parameter variations • Digital Processing – Digital computer elements: adders, and multipliers ( arithmetic operations) and memory (storage) – No such guarantee for real-time operation – Flexibility: can be used for different version of signal processing operation – Repeatability: Operations can be repeated over and over again 2EC302 – Signals and Systems 18
- 19. Best Wishes, GoodVibes and Stay Blessed!!! 2EC302 – Signals and Systems 19
Editor's Notes
- #5 Notes: Economic forecasting is the process of making predictions about the economy. Forecasts can be carried out at a high level of aggregation—for example for GDP, inflation, unemployment or the fiscal deficit—or at a more disaggregated level, for specific sectors of the economy or even specific firms.
- #15 Notes: Economic forecasting is the process of making predictions about the economy. Forecasts can be carried out at a high level of aggregation—for example for GDP, inflation, unemployment or the fiscal deficit—or at a more disaggregated level, for specific sectors of the economy or even specific firms.
- #16 Notes: Economic forecasting is the process of making predictions about the economy. Forecasts can be carried out at a high level of aggregation—for example for GDP, inflation, unemployment or the fiscal deficit—or at a more disaggregated level, for specific sectors of the economy or even specific firms.
- #18 Notes: Economic forecasting is the process of making predictions about the economy. Forecasts can be carried out at a high level of aggregation—for example for GDP, inflation, unemployment or the fiscal deficit—or at a more disaggregated level, for specific sectors of the economy or even specific firms.
- #19 Notes: Economic forecasting is the process of making predictions about the economy. Forecasts can be carried out at a high level of aggregation—for example for GDP, inflation, unemployment or the fiscal deficit—or at a more disaggregated level, for specific sectors of the economy or even specific firms.