Introduction of Electrical Substation-Basics
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Substations are vital components of electrical power systems that facilitate the transmission and distribution of electricity while maintaining the integrity and reliability of power supply. They come in different types - step-up substations increase voltage for transmission, step-down substations decrease voltage for distribution, and distribution substations supply electricity to local areas. Substations require strategic locations near areas of high power demand, accessibility for maintenance, and adherence to environmental regulations. Key equipment includes transformers for voltage regulation, circuit breakers for controlling circuits, and switchgear for isolating equipment.
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2. Descriptions of the different types of substations, transformers, meters, and equipment used, such as circuit breakers, relays, capacitor banks, and control panels.
3. Explanations of power distribution processes involving generation, transmission to substations, and distribution to end users, as well as the importance of safety and maintenance.
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“STUDY OF THE PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS OF A SUBSTATION AND POWER FACTOR IMPROVEM...
“STUDY OF THE PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS OF
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The document discusses industrial training on indoor and outdoor substations at UPCL. UPCL is responsible for electricity distribution and transmission in Uttarakhand state. It operates and maintains substations of various voltages from 66/33/11 KV down to 11/0.4 KV. There are two types of substations - indoor and outdoor. Indoor substations have all equipment mounted indoors while outdoor substations have equipment mounted outdoors and require a standard sized switchyard. Key equipment discussed include transformers, isolators, circuit breakers, fuse sets, lightning arresters, and insulators. The document notes challenges like obtaining forest approvals and transportation difficulties due to weather conditions.
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Power quality issues arise from disturbances in the electric power supply that can negatively impact equipment. Common issues include voltage sags, swells, interruptions, harmonics, and spikes. Around 80% of problems originate from within industrial facilities due to large loads or improper wiring, while 20% come from external utility issues like weather events. Poor power quality can increase energy costs and cause equipment failures. Monitoring power quality helps identify disturbances and their sources to improve reliability and reduce costs. Various devices like filters, regulators, and compensators can help mitigate different power quality issues. Maintaining high power quality supports the economic operation of power systems and equipment.
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1. An overview of the components and functions of a 33/11kV substation, including transformers, switchgear, busbars, and control systems.
2. Descriptions of the different types of substations, transformers, meters, and equipment used, such as circuit breakers, relays, capacitor banks, and control panels.
3. Explanations of power distribution processes involving generation, transmission to substations, and distribution to end users, as well as the importance of safety and maintenance.
4. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of substation
“STUDY OF THE PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS OF A SUBSTATION AND POWER FACTOR IMPROVEM...
“STUDY OF THE PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS OF
A SUBSTATION AND POWER FACTOR IMPROVEMENT OF 33/11KV SUBSTATION ”
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The document discusses industrial training on indoor and outdoor substations at UPCL. UPCL is responsible for electricity distribution and transmission in Uttarakhand state. It operates and maintains substations of various voltages from 66/33/11 KV down to 11/0.4 KV. There are two types of substations - indoor and outdoor. Indoor substations have all equipment mounted indoors while outdoor substations have equipment mounted outdoors and require a standard sized switchyard. Key equipment discussed include transformers, isolators, circuit breakers, fuse sets, lightning arresters, and insulators. The document notes challenges like obtaining forest approvals and transportation difficulties due to weather conditions.
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installing-electrical-protective-devices-for-distribution-power-lightning-pro...
Electrical protective devices like circuit breakers and fuses detect anomalies in power systems to prevent damage. Circuit breakers can be reset after tripping, while fuses must be replaced. Safety switches immediately cut power during dangerous electricity levels to prevent injury. Lightning protection systems like air terminals and conductors safely direct lightning strikes to ground. Proper installation and periodic testing of these devices ensures the continued safe operation of electrical systems.
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⋗To get more with details
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2SvKI7eepP241VLoui1D5A
Module 3-electrical
Switchgears play a vital role in modern power systems by protecting electrical circuits and equipment. They include circuit breakers, relays, and other devices that can switch, control, and protect power circuits. Switchgears come in different voltages classes like medium voltage and low voltage. Medium voltage switchgears operate between 3-36kV, while low voltage is below 1kV. Specialized switchgears also exist like gas insulated switchgear (GIS) used in areas with limited space. Devices like earth leakage circuit breakers (ELCB) and miniature circuit breakers (MCB) provide overcurrent and ground fault protection at the distribution level.
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This document describes the development of a shock proof wiring system. The system uses an isolation transformer to disconnect the earthing circuit between the power station and a home, eliminating the path for electric current to flow through the body in the event of contact with a live wire. By isolating the earthing at the secondary side of the transformer, the system converts a general wiring system into a shockproof one where contact with a single live wire would not result in electric shock. The document discusses electric shocks, earthing concepts, and provides diagrams of the typical electric path in a home wiring system versus the isolated path using the proposed shockproof system.
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The 220/133kV Moulali substation has a capacity of (3*100MVA+2*50MVA). It receives two 220kV lines and steps down the supply to 132kV, 66kV, 33kV and 11kV. The substation contains various equipment including transformers, circuit breakers, isolators, lightning arrestors, capacitor voltage transformers and current transformers. It also has extensive earthing systems to provide safety and reduce damage from faults. The equipment works together to transform and distribute electricity to various areas while protecting the substation from faults and surges on the transmission lines.
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A 220 kV substation serves as an intermediate point between the power generation station, which typically generates electricity at much higher voltages, and the end-users. Its primary role is to step down the voltage, making it safer for local distribution.
2. Voltage Transformation:. Integration with Renewable Energy:
As the energy landscape evolves, 220 kV substations are adapting to integrate renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, into the grid. This requires advanced control systems to manage variable generation. Integration with Renewable Energy:
As the energy landscape evolves, 220 kV substations are adapting to integrate renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, into the grid. This requires advanced control systems to manage variable generation.. Integration with Renewable Energy:
As the energy landscape evolves, 220 kV substations are adapting to integrate renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, into the grid. This requires advanced control systems to manage variable generation.. Integration with Renewable Energy:
As the energy landscape evolves, 220 kV substations are adapting to integrate renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, into the grid. This requires advanced control systems to manage variable generation.. Integration with Renewable Energy:
As the energy landscape evolves, 220 kV substations are adapting to integrate renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, into the grid. This requires advanced control systems to manage variable generation.. Integration with Renewable Energy:
As the energy landscape evolves, 220 kV substations are adapting to integrate renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, into the grid. This requires advanced control systems to manage variable generation.. Integration with Renewable Energy:
As the energy landscape evolves, 220 kV substations are adapting to integrate renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, into the grid. This requires advanced control systems to manage variable generation.
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Substation design involves considering many factors to ensure safety, reliability, maintainability and the ability to expand the system over time. Key components in a substation include circuit breakers, transformers, busbars, isolators, current and potential transformers, surge arrestors, shunt reactors, and capacitors. The functions of this equipment include switching, voltage transformation, power transfer, protection, insulation and surge protection. Associated systems that support substation function include earthing systems, lighting, protection relays, control cables, and fire suppression systems.
Inplant training about 110kv/11kv substation
1. A substation transforms voltage from high to low or vice versa and performs important functions between the generating station and consumer. Substations may be owned by utilities or large industrial customers.
2. The document discusses types of substations like distribution substations and provides details about components within a substation like incoming transmission lines, lightning arresters, isolators, and earthing rods. It includes diagrams of a single line diagram and lightning arrester.
3. Details are provided about distribution substations, including their role in transferring power from transmission to distribution systems at lower voltages. Components within distribution substations like transformers, feeders, and voltage regulation equipment are also summarized.
POWER QUALITY PROBLEMS & SOLUTIONS- POWER SYSTEM
It's an Electrical core topic on which you can deliver your presentation with respect to your industrial certification program.
you can use Course era online courses platform as like me for this type of certification. it's really beneficial for you guys
Thanks//.
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The document discusses the functions and types of equipment used in electrical distribution substations. It provides descriptions of common substation equipment such as power transformers, circuit breakers, disconnecting switches, bus bars, current and potential transformers, capacitors, reactors, protective relays and batteries. It also provides examples of how to calculate primary and secondary currents in transformers of different ratings and briefly discusses some common bus schemes used in Pakistan.
Isolation Transformer: Monitoring and Maximum Safety
Isolation transformer is a useful tool to enhance the overall safety level whether it is related to commercial or home occupants. They are widely used to prevent electrical shock, reduce electrical noise, and provide surge protection.
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This document provides details about an internship at a 132 kV sub-station. It includes:
- A single line diagram of the sub-station layout.
- Descriptions of the main equipment including transformers, lightning arrestors, circuit breakers, and relays. It outlines different types of these components.
- An overview of the control panel, which houses various meters, indicators, and protection devices to monitor and control the flow of electricity through the sub-station.
- Technical specifications for the feeder meter, annunciator, switchboard, and protection relays included in the control panel.
- A conclusion stating that the sub-station steps down transmission voltage from 132 k
Manish Kumar Gangey- 19ESKEE095.pptx
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ELECTRIC RAILWAY(ELECTRIC TRACTION)
SA HUSSAIN
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Switchgears and protection devices
Switchgears play a vital role in modern power systems, protecting electrical circuits from generation through transmission to distribution. Switchgears include circuit breakers, current and voltage transformers, protection relays, and other devices. They carry and interrupt normal and fault currents, provide metering and regulation, and clear faults through automatic or manual operation. Switchgears come in various types for different voltage applications, including medium voltage, low voltage, and gas insulated switchgears. Fuses and earth leakage circuit breakers also provide overcurrent protection at the distribution level.
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This document provides a summary of a mini project studying the switchyard at NTPC Ramagundam. It defines what a switchyard is and lists the major electrical equipment found at switchyards, including power transformers, instrument transformers, conductors, insulators, isolators, bus bars, lightning arresters, circuit breakers, relays, and capacitor banks. It provides brief descriptions of these components and their functions. The conclusion states that the major role of the NTPC Ramagundam switchyard is to transmit power to various parts of southern India.
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⋗To get more with details
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2SvKI7eepP241VLoui1D5A
Module 3-electrical
Switchgears play a vital role in modern power systems by protecting electrical circuits and equipment. They include circuit breakers, relays, and other devices that can switch, control, and protect power circuits. Switchgears come in different voltages classes like medium voltage and low voltage. Medium voltage switchgears operate between 3-36kV, while low voltage is below 1kV. Specialized switchgears also exist like gas insulated switchgear (GIS) used in areas with limited space. Devices like earth leakage circuit breakers (ELCB) and miniature circuit breakers (MCB) provide overcurrent and ground fault protection at the distribution level.
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This document provides an introduction to transformer protection relays, including their importance, types, purpose, features and challenges. Transformer protection relays are designed to monitor and protect transformers from faults by quickly detecting abnormal conditions and isolating the transformer from the system. The key types are differential, overcurrent and temperature relays, and they provide protection from overcurrent conditions, internal faults and overheating. Proper installation, configuration, testing and maintenance are required to maximize the safety, reliability and performance benefits of transformer protection relay systems.
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The document describes a shock proof wiring system that uses an isolation transformer to convert a standard wiring system into a shockproof system. It discusses how isolation transformers work to isolate the wiring circuit from the ground, preventing electric shocks even if a person touches a live wire. The system aims to provide protection from electrical shocks by disconnecting the circuit path between the electricity source earth and the person touching a wire. It works by installing a single-phase isolation transformer that has an ungrounded secondary winding, so the output is isolated from the earth. This isolation prevents current from flowing from the source through a person to the earth if they touch a live wire, eliminating the risk of electric shock.
IRJET- Shock Proof Wiring System
This document describes the development of a shock proof wiring system. The system uses an isolation transformer to disconnect the earthing circuit between the power station and a home, eliminating the path for electric current to flow through the body in the event of contact with a live wire. By isolating the earthing at the secondary side of the transformer, the system converts a general wiring system into a shockproof one where contact with a single live wire would not result in electric shock. The document discusses electric shocks, earthing concepts, and provides diagrams of the typical electric path in a home wiring system versus the isolated path using the proposed shockproof system.
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A PPT ON HOW A DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATION WORKS .IT CONTAINS DIFFERENT COMPONENTS OF SUBSTATION AND THEIR WORKING
ELECTRIC SUB-STATION IN BRIEF
The 220/133kV Moulali substation has a capacity of (3*100MVA+2*50MVA). It receives two 220kV lines and steps down the supply to 132kV, 66kV, 33kV and 11kV. The substation contains various equipment including transformers, circuit breakers, isolators, lightning arrestors, capacitor voltage transformers and current transformers. It also has extensive earthing systems to provide safety and reduce damage from faults. The equipment works together to transform and distribute electricity to various areas while protecting the substation from faults and surges on the transmission lines.
220KV SUB STATION.pptx
A 220 kV substation serves as an intermediate point between the power generation station, which typically generates electricity at much higher voltages, and the end-users. Its primary role is to step down the voltage, making it safer for local distribution.
2. Voltage Transformation:. Integration with Renewable Energy:
As the energy landscape evolves, 220 kV substations are adapting to integrate renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, into the grid. This requires advanced control systems to manage variable generation. Integration with Renewable Energy:
As the energy landscape evolves, 220 kV substations are adapting to integrate renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, into the grid. This requires advanced control systems to manage variable generation.. Integration with Renewable Energy:
As the energy landscape evolves, 220 kV substations are adapting to integrate renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, into the grid. This requires advanced control systems to manage variable generation.. Integration with Renewable Energy:
As the energy landscape evolves, 220 kV substations are adapting to integrate renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, into the grid. This requires advanced control systems to manage variable generation.. Integration with Renewable Energy:
As the energy landscape evolves, 220 kV substations are adapting to integrate renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, into the grid. This requires advanced control systems to manage variable generation.. Integration with Renewable Energy:
As the energy landscape evolves, 220 kV substations are adapting to integrate renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, into the grid. This requires advanced control systems to manage variable generation.. Integration with Renewable Energy:
As the energy landscape evolves, 220 kV substations are adapting to integrate renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, into the grid. This requires advanced control systems to manage variable generation.
SUBSTATION DESIGN powerpoint presentation.pptx
Substation design involves considering many factors to ensure safety, reliability, maintainability and the ability to expand the system over time. Key components in a substation include circuit breakers, transformers, busbars, isolators, current and potential transformers, surge arrestors, shunt reactors, and capacitors. The functions of this equipment include switching, voltage transformation, power transfer, protection, insulation and surge protection. Associated systems that support substation function include earthing systems, lighting, protection relays, control cables, and fire suppression systems.
Inplant training about 110kv/11kv substation
1. A substation transforms voltage from high to low or vice versa and performs important functions between the generating station and consumer. Substations may be owned by utilities or large industrial customers.
2. The document discusses types of substations like distribution substations and provides details about components within a substation like incoming transmission lines, lightning arresters, isolators, and earthing rods. It includes diagrams of a single line diagram and lightning arrester.
3. Details are provided about distribution substations, including their role in transferring power from transmission to distribution systems at lower voltages. Components within distribution substations like transformers, feeders, and voltage regulation equipment are also summarized.
POWER QUALITY PROBLEMS & SOLUTIONS- POWER SYSTEM
It's an Electrical core topic on which you can deliver your presentation with respect to your industrial certification program.
you can use Course era online courses platform as like me for this type of certification. it's really beneficial for you guys
Thanks//.
Substation equipment and its function 2
The document discusses the functions and types of equipment used in electrical distribution substations. It provides descriptions of common substation equipment such as power transformers, circuit breakers, disconnecting switches, bus bars, current and potential transformers, capacitors, reactors, protective relays and batteries. It also provides examples of how to calculate primary and secondary currents in transformers of different ratings and briefly discusses some common bus schemes used in Pakistan.
Isolation Transformer: Monitoring and Maximum Safety
Isolation transformer is a useful tool to enhance the overall safety level whether it is related to commercial or home occupants. They are widely used to prevent electrical shock, reduce electrical noise, and provide surge protection.
132 KV Substation Gajraula.pptx
This document provides details about an internship at a 132 kV sub-station. It includes:
- A single line diagram of the sub-station layout.
- Descriptions of the main equipment including transformers, lightning arrestors, circuit breakers, and relays. It outlines different types of these components.
- An overview of the control panel, which houses various meters, indicators, and protection devices to monitor and control the flow of electricity through the sub-station.
- Technical specifications for the feeder meter, annunciator, switchboard, and protection relays included in the control panel.
- A conclusion stating that the sub-station steps down transmission voltage from 132 k
Manish Kumar Gangey- 19ESKEE095.pptx
×
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Search
Submit Search
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ELECTRIC RAILWAY(ELECTRIC TRACTION)
SA HUSSAIN
SA HUSSAIN
Feb. 20, 2018
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A Presentation On ELECTRIC TRACTION.
,electricity ,electric ,railway ,indian railway ,traction ,system ,technology ,electronics ,power ,energy ,engineering ,
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ELECTRIC RAILWAY(ELECTRIC TRACTION)
1. Presented By: Siddiqui Arshad hussain A Presentation On ELECTRIC TRACTION hars10203@gmail.com
2. Government Engineering College Dahod Department
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- 1. Introduction to Substations Substations are vital components of electrical power systems, facilitating the transmission and distribution of electricity. They play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity and reliability of power supply to consumers. Here's a glimpse into the diverse aspects of substations. by Nirmalya Mallick
- 2. Types of Substations Step-Up Step-up substations increase voltage for transmission. Step-Down Step-down substations decrease voltage for distribution. Distribution Distribution substations supply electricity to local areas.
- 3. Location Considerations for Substations 1 Proximity to Load Centers Strategically located near areas with high power demand. 2 Accessibility Easy to access for maintenance and operation. 3 Environmental Factors Adhering to environmental regulations and mitigating impact.
- 4. Substation Equipment Transformers Vital for voltage regulation and power transmission. Circuit Breakers For interrupting and controlling electrical circuits. Switchgear Used to control, protect, and isolate electrical equipment.
- 5. Substation Accessories Lightning Arresters Protects equipment from lightning-induced voltage surges. Insulators Prevents current flow to the earth from the supporting structure. Surge Protectors Guard against voltage spikes and electromagnetic interference.
- 6. Importance of Protection in Substations 1 Protection Equipment Key elements in safeguarding substation components. 2 Current Transformers Measure and provide protection for current circuits. 3 Potential Transformers For voltage transformation and protection. 4 Relays Initiate protective measures when abnormalities are detected. 5 Fuses Protect against overcurrents and electrical faults.
- 7. Challenges in Substation Design and Operation 1 Technological Advancements Adopting and integrating new technologies seamlessly. 2 Security and Reliability Maintaining robustness against cyber threats and physical risks. 3 Environmental Sustainability Minimizing environmental impact while meeting energy demands.
- 8. Future Trends in Substation Technology and Automation Smart Grids Enhanced efficiency and real-time monitoring capabilities. IoT Integration Enabling seamless connectivity and predictive maintenance. Renewable Energy Integration Adapting to the evolving energy landscape with sustainable solutions.
- 9. Example of Indian Substation Strategic Location Positioned to serve densely populated urban areas. Renewable Energy Focus Integration of solar and wind energy generation sources. Advanced Automation Utilizing digital intelligence for efficient control and management.
- 10. Distribution Substation 2 Role Supplies power to industrial and residential areas. 20K Capacity Serves a customer base of over 20,000 consumers.