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Lesson Title: Ocean Acidification

Grade Level(s): 5th Grade Subject(s): Science Lesson Length: 5 days (Approx. 4 hours)
Prepared by:Zobeida Fernandez, Manoushca Etienne, Leo Medina, Alix Guillaume




Overview: In this lesson, students will explore the effects of acidic oceans on certain marine
organisms in the ocean food web, and the effects on humans. Students will conduct a science
experiment using the scientific method to see the effects of increased acidity on certain species.
They will also investigate the causes for increased ocean acidity, and discuss ways to minimize the
impact as an individual and as a society.


Standards:

       SC.5.L.17.1 B Both human activities and natural events can have major impacts on the
       environment.

       SC.5.N.1.6 D: Scientific knowledge is based on observation and inference; it is
       important to recognize that these are very different things. Not only does science require
       creativity in its methods and processes, but it also inquires and explanations.

       LA.5.6.1.1 The student will read and interpret information text and organize the information
       (e.g. use outlines, time lines, graphic organizers) from multiple sources for a variety of
       purposes (e.g. multi-step directions, problem solving, performing task, supporting opinions,
       predictions, and conclusions).

       NETS-S: 3 b) Locate, organize, analyze, evaluate, synthesize, and ethically use information
       from a variety of sources and media.


Learning Objectives:

Students will be able to do the following:
       Use the scientific method to hypothesize, test, record, and make conclusions on the effect of
       acidity on certain marine organisms.
       Locate, organize, manipulate, analyze and write information about the causes and effects of
       acidity, as well as ways to avoid this.
       Work collectively using what they have learned to plan properly, assign tasks and make
       meaningful reports.
       Express ideas, criteria, and facts clearly and convincingly, and use technology throughout the
       process.


Materials/Resources Needed:

   -   Computer(s)      -   Pieces of dead coral
-   Internet connection                 -   Urchin (skeleton)
   -   Power Point program                 -   Clam shells
   -   Small dishes                        -   Small abalone shells
   -   Lid containers                      -   Chicken bones
   -   Poster board                        -   Index cards
   -   Water                               -   Crayons/Markers
   -   Vinegar                             -   Glue/Glue sticks
   -   pH meter or strips                  -   Pictures (from magazines or online)
   -   Shells                              -   Beakers
   -   Graph Paper



Introduction: 10 min total

(Part of Day 1)
* Make sure to pass out the “Word Organizer” before starting. Explain to students that they will
be working along with you as you go through the introduction, by filling in the blanks when you
tell them to do so.
        Ask them what they know about the human Osteoporosis Disease. If they do not
        recognize the term, have them fill in the “New Word” section on the word web organizer.
        Afterwards:
        - Briefly explain what the disease is.
        - Provide a couple examples by showing pictures of what the disease looks like by using
        projector/smart board.
        - Then have the students fill out the “What is it”, “What is it like” and the “What does it
        do” sections on the word web organizer.
        Introduce the term Acidification. If they do not recognize it, have them add the term in
        the “New word” section on the word web organizer.
        Afterwards:
        - Briefly define the term
        - Then have them fill out the “What is it”, “What is it like” and the “What does it do”
        sections on the word web organizer.
        Repeat these steps with any other new words that you feel that the students may need to
        know before the lesson. If not continue to the Lesson Activities portion of the lesson
        plan.



Lesson Activities:

(Proceed after Introduction)
Day 1 – Video Day: 30 min total

   -   After the introduction, inform students that they will learn about a disease called “Marine
       Osteoporosis.”
   -   Let them hypothesize on what this might be – keep them in an inquiry until they watch
the corresponding video. (20 min)
        -Video: “Acid Test: The Global Challenge of Ocean Acidification”. The video can be
        located also at http://www.nrdc.org/oceans/acidification/aboutthefilm.asp).
   - Discuss/Summarize the video with the students. (5 min)
   - Assign the students to their lab groups that they will be in for the next day. (5 min)
   - Split them up evenly. If you can make sure there’s at least one boy and one girl in each
        group. Also, make sure that the groups are diverse when it comes to their race and their
        skill level. (Do this to make sure that all of the students are experiencing an equal amount
        of diversity in all aspects.)
* Ex: If there were twenty children in the classroom, it would be wise to put them in groups of 5.

Day 2 – Experiment Day:45 min total

*The following are things to be done before the science lesson begins:
   - Make sure the required materials, for the experiment, are set out on a back table, PLUS
       an extra set for you, before science class starts. You are going to be doing the experiment
       with the students. (This saves time and makes accessing materials easier for the
       students.)
   - Make sure your computer and projector are on and ready to go. You will be using this
       equipment to show the students what a pH scale looks like.
   - Print out the “pH Scale” picture. This picture should be on display while you’re
       introducing the experiment. This will help the students better understand how they’re
       going to be testing the different objects and what their results will look like.
   - Print out the necessary amount of the “Experiment Instructions Worksheet”. The students
       will need this sheet to follow along during the actual experiment. Students will onlyneed
       one sheet per group.
   - Print out the necessary amount of the “pH Table”. Each group will need to fill this table
       in with their results throughout the experiment. Each student willneed their own
       worksheet.
   - Make sure you print out the “Example Bar Graph” to show students what the minimum
       requirements for this activity are.
   - Print out the necessary amount of the “Bar Graph Template” sheet. The students will need
       this template to create their own bar graph. Each student needs to receive one.

*Engage in a brief conversation with the classroom about what they saw in the video on Day 1 to
refresh their memory. (5 min)
*The following should take no more than 10 min.
    - Briefly explain the purpose of the experiment to the students.
        -For example:
        “Students, today we are going to measure the pH of 6 different substances or things. Who
        can tell me what they think the “pH” of something means?
    - Try to give them clues as to what pH means, but if they don’t get it, say something along
        the lines of:
*Make sure to project a picture of the pH scale BEFORE you move on.
    - “pH” is just a fancy abbreviation scientists use to explain the base of an object. Now, the
        base of an object can go three different ways; the object can be acidic, alkaline, or
        neutral.
-   Go on to explain what the colors mean. (Basically, when they measure the pH of a certain
       object and it comes out in the color blue, for example, what does that mean? Is it acidic,
       alkaline, or neutral?)

*The following should take no more than 30 min.
       Have students get into the groups that they were assigned on Day 1.
       Tell one student from each group to get the “Experiment Instruction Worksheet” from you.
       Instruct another student form each group to get the “pH’ table from you.
       Tell another person from each group to grab the necessary materials for the experiment:
       - Two labeled containers with lids (one will be labeled as vinegar and the other water)
       - 500 ml of water
       - 500 ml of Vinegar
       - pH strips
       - The following items: shells, pieces of dead coral, urchin, clam shells, small abalone shell,
       and chicken bones.

*Make sure that each student in the group is measuring at least one item. If the groups have less
than 6 people, have one student measure 2 out of the 6 items, and the others would only measure
one. This will allow all of the students to be a part of the experiment. This strategy will also save
a ton of time due to the fact that it takes 10 min to get the pH results.

       Now, instruct the students about the procedure by explaining to them what they’re going to
       do. Make sure you put an emphasis that the experiment will be done collectively. (Teacher
       will be doing the experiment with the students.)

The instructions for the experiment are as follows:
        -Fill the containers, one with water and the other with vinegar. (Already labeled)
        - Hypothesize what will happen when the item is immersed in each liquid. Record your
        answers on the “pH Table” worksheet and justify the answer. (One to two sentences.)
        -Then, measure and record the pH of both substances on the “pH Table”.
        (Will be provided before the experiment.)
        - The amount of time for each pH strip trial should be no more than 10 minutes long. In
        other words, do not leave the pH strips in the liquid for more than 10 minutes.
        - Have the students create a bar graph of their results.
        (Display the “Example Bar Graph” sheet on the projector at this time.)
        - “Bar Graph Templates” should be passes out at his time.

       Instructions for the graph are as follows:
       - y-axis= item used
       - x-axis=alteration of item. (Strong, slightly strong, slightly weak, weak, very brittle).
       - They can be creative by adding color

       At the end of the experiment, all students must help clean their work area, place all of the
       materials back on the where they found them
       If students do not finish the bar graphs in time, they must take it home to finish for as
       homework. They need to bring their completed bar graph the next day. Also, it is expected
       that students will draw individual conclusions from the observations as homework. (no more
than one paragraph.)


Day 3 – Research Day: 45 min total

*The following are things to be done before the science lesson begins:
   - Today’s lesson will be done in the computer lab.
   - Make sure all of the computers are on and working.
   - Hang up the remainder of the bar graphs. This only applies if all of the students
       finished their graphs in class and DID NOT take it home to finish as homework.

       Engage students by asking questions about the acidification, what it causes and its impact on
       the entire food web, the ecosystem, and humanity are.
       Inform them that they are going to the computer lab to do research on CO2 emissions that
       they will then present through a Power Point presentation. All of the research found will be
       expected to be saved on a Word Document. Research will be used in their Power Points.
       Pass out the pieces of notebook paper and pencils.
       Separate the students into their science groups, line the students up accordingly, and walk to
       the computer lab.
       Students should stay with their lab groups at all times while in the computer lab.
       Students will browse the internet to investigate ways that each of them or their guardians can
       contribute to the increase in CO2 emissions and specific changes they can make in their life
       to reduce CO2 emissions.
       From this they can access to some web pages related to the acidification phenomenon. For
       example: OCEAN ACIDIFICATION. Starting with the Science or EPOCA European
       Project on Ocean Acidification.
       Each group will take notes, by using Microsoft Word, to add information to their Power Point
       presentation.
       Students must e-mail the document to the teacher as an attachment, prior to Day 4 class.



Day 4 – Power Point Day : 45 min total

*The following are things to be done before the science lesson begins:
   - Today’s lesson will be done in the computer lab again.
   - Make sure all of the computers are on and working.
   - Print out the necessary amount of the “Graphic Organizer Worksheet”. Some students will
       need this to gather their thoughts as you review what they have learned so far, however, each
       student should get one. There are two organizers per page so you will need to cute them
       out before class.

       Review what was learned in the previous 2 days based on the results obtained during the
       experiment by interacting with the students and asking them questions about how the video
       and the experiment are relatable.
       At this point students can take advantage of the graphic organizer, a strategy beneficial to
       ESE/ELL students.
(Graphic organizer will be provided before class)
        Each group will then have to create a Power Point document with a minimum of 6 slides,
        which should include:


    - A Title page
         Should include the names of the students in each group
         Creative Title
    - Introduction
             Slide should include the purpose of the experiment
             How the experiment extended your knowledge about acidity and CO2 emissions
    - Causes of acidification
             Give at least two examples of what the causes are
             Add at least one picture to express your ideas
    - Effects of acidification
             Give at least two examples of what the causes are
             Add at least one picture to express your ideas
    - Images
             Pictures of various marine organisms that may be affected by acidification of the sea
                are expected to been seen on this slide.
             Every image should be labeled as well.
    - Resources
             Should have at least two resources
             Should be properly cited as well
    - Power Point should be colorful and creative
    - Power Point should be e-mailed to the teacher as an attachment by the end of the activity.

Day 5 – Presentation Day: 45 min total

*The following are things to be done before the science lesson begins:
   - Make sure that your computer is turned on and working properly. Do the same for the
       projector. The students will be using this equipment to present their Power Points in class.

        Each group presents to the class (about 10 minutes each group)
        All members must participate in reading the slides (One student per slide for example)
        For the groups that are not presenting at the moment, they will be responsible for
        commenting on each group for their work.
        Have them comment on each group by summarizing the most important aspects that each
        group found regarding what they can do to reduce the acidification of our seas. Have them
        write a few sentences for each presentation.
        Encourage them to share what they have learned with their families to discuss in subsequent
        classes what they have done about it.


Strategies - ESE/ESOL:

During the class, while students are working in groups, we will approach those in need, either
because English is not their native language or because they still do not have the skills to work with
the computers in order to help and give them an individualized attention.

Many students may be struggling with not only the language, but also with feelings of frustration at
having to learn content, and technology. We will speak slowly and give instructions in a clear and
concise manner, by using gestures and expressions that help them understand.


Instructional/Implementation Strategies:
Our instructional strategies are as follows:
    1. The Word Web Organizer – This introduced new scientific terminologies and gave students a
        different way to gather their thoughts about specific terms.
    2. Graphic Organizer – This visual enhanced the lesson plan by allowing the students to identify
        with their most essential ideas about the entire lesson.
    3. Reviews – The time spent at the beginning of each class recapped the previous lesson, which not
        only reminded the students what they learned previously, but it was also a way to transition into
        the new lesson.
    4. Group Work – we decided to have the children work together so that they can interact and learn
        from one another
    5. Modern Technologies – The video, different web sites, and using Microsoft was our way of
        connecting with this new generation of students. We felt that the students would better understand
        the content if they had an opportunity to express themselves by using what they enjoy the most,
        technology.

Integrating Technologies and/or Software:

-Computer and projector for the Power Point presentation.
-Video to show the effects of CO2 emissions on acidification of the seas, its negative impact on
various marine organisms in particular and the environment in general.
- Search engines like the OCEAN ACIDIFICATION. Starting with the Science or EPOCA
European Project on Ocean Acidification.

Evaluation/Critique of Educational Software/Web-based Resource:

Someone once said that an image is better than thousand words. With this in mind we have decided
to use the Power Point presentation to show in a beautiful and concise way, the impact of
acidification on some marine organisms.Of course there would be no presentation without the use of
a computer with a projector of some sort; these tools are an essential aspect of the lesson because
without them we wouldn’t be able to fully implement the lesson plan.

We decided to use the video in the beginning of the lesson for the high quality of its images, the high
scientific value of its content and the emotional impact it can have on students. Undoubtedly, this can
reach the students hearts and make them aware of the great impact of this phenomenon on our planet
in general. This video not only gives strength to the message but also may encourage students to take
an active part in caring for our seas as part of our beautiful planet. After all, engaging students is at
the heart of teaching.

We also gave them the option of using kid friendly search engines. This way the students could
explore what CO2 emissions does for themselves. They also had the option of using their peers as a
source of learning. All of these tools combined further helped the students in understanding the topic
at hand.


Summary:

The lesson Ocean Acidification is very complete. It touches on very modern topics of interest today,
like: the problem of acidity in the world's waters, its causes, its effects, and possible solutions. In this
week long lesson, students will work in small groups to work towards one common goal, completing
their presentations, as well as working individually. Technology was incorporated throughout the
lesson when the students did their activities, during their research, and was used to complete their
final presentation. We used these techniques to grab students’ attention and to let them enjoy the
learning process. The research that they did and Power Point will especially help the children
remember what they learned because they got to explore, along with guidance from the teacher of
course, for themselves, and they also had the hands-on experience with the creation of their Power
Point.


Assessment Strategies/Tools:
Type - Rubrics
       Rubric #1 – This rubric assesses the actual experiment
       Rubric #2 – This rubric assesses the online research that the students did
       Rubric #3 – This rubric assesses the final Power Point


Research Theory:

The way we conceive this class fits into the framework of the cognitive theory that was introduced by
Benjamin Bloom with Bloom’s Taxonomy and the Theory of Experience developed by John Dewey.
Cognitive teaching methods aim to assist students in assimilating new information to existing
knowledge, and enabling them to make the appropriate modifications to their existing intellectual
framework to accommodate that information. They place greater importance on strategies that help
students to actively assimilate and accommodate new material. All 6 of Blooms’ steps were used
throughout our lesson:

    1. Remembering - knowing information (Word Web Organizer and the Graphic Organizer)

    2. Understanding - explaining concepts or information in own words (Recap before he
       beginning of each class, and the explanation of the “New Words”)

    3. Applying - using the information or concept in a different, but familiar situation (doing the
       actual experiment in itself)

    4. Analyzing - distinguishing parts from the whole, differentiating between fact and inference
       (watching the video first before the experiment; research on CO2 emissions)

    5. Evaluating - judging and defending concepts or ideas (research on the CO2 emissions and
       how they or their parents can change their patterns to slow down the process of acidification)
6. Creating - creating new ideas and concepts (Coming with new patterns of life to live after
       they figure out their CO2 emission “footprint”)

In line with the Dewey’s Theory of Experience, we structure this class so that students actively
participate in the process of learning, experimenting, and concluding by using their previous
knowledge about the food chain and food web. In addition, we provide them the essential guidance
so that they themselves look for, select and analyze the information they are going to use in their
reports. Therefore, there’s constant conversation – the teachers are facilitators AND partners.

On the other hand,because this process involves significant restructuring of existing cognitive
structures, successful learning requires a major personal investment on the part of the learner.
Therefore, motivation plays an important role. Taking this into consideration, we try to make each
activity attractive, so that they have become involved in them with a true desire to learn, but at the
same time, allowing them enough freedom to make their own decisions.




                                            Word Organizer
New Word?     What Is It?    What Does It Do?




            Word Organizer



New Word?     What Is It?    What Does It Do?
http://ascrapoftime.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/ph-scale1.jpg
Experiment Instructions

The instructions for the experiment are as follows:
1. Fill the containers, one with water and the other with vinegar.
(Already labeled)
2. Hypothesize what will happen when the item is immersed in
each liquid. Record your answers on the “pH Table” worksheet
and justify the answer.
3. Then, measure and record the pH of both substances on the “pH
Table” worksheet.
4. The amount of time for each pH strip trial should be no more
than 10 minutes long. In other words, do not leave the pH strips in
the liquid for more than 10 minutes.
5. Make a bar graph of the results on the graph paper provided.

Instructions for the graph are as follows:
- x-axis = alteration of item.
          Labels for x- axis: very brittle weak, slightly weak,
            slightly strong, and Strong

- y-axis = item used
          Shells, piece of dead coral, urchin, clamshells, small
            abalone shell, and chicken bones.

- You can be creative by adding color
pH Table
     Experiment Items


                                     pH of Water                  pH of Vinegar

Shells

Pieces of Dead Coral

Urchin

Clam Shells

Small Abalone Shell

Chicken Bones



Hypothesis
Shells:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Pieces of Dead Coral:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Urchin:_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
______

Clam
Shells:________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____

Small Abalone
Shell:________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____
Chicken Bones:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Example Bar Graph




                                         Chart Title
              Chicken Bones

              Abalone Shells
 Axis Title




                 Clam Shells

                     Urchin

                 Dead Coral

                      Shells

                               0   0.2      0.4      0.6       0.8         1         1.2
                                                  Axis Title


*REPLACE the numbers on the x-axis with the following: very brittle, weak, slightly weak, slightly
strong, and strong
Title




Y - Axis
X - Axis
Graphic Organizer
Rubric to Assess the Experiment
                                                  Class # 2

 CATEGORY                 4                    3                    2                   1            TOTAL
 Hypothesis      Independently        Somehow strives      Barely strives to    Does not strive
development.     strives to find      to offer some        find some            to develop
                 logical              hypotheses to        hypotheses that      hypotheses to
                 explanations and     explain and          explain and          explain or
                 develop              predict              predict possible     predict possible
                 hypotheses to        phenomena            outcomes.            outcomes. Wait
                 explain              during the           Depends on           until others find
                 phenomena and        experiment.          what others          and express the
                 predict results.                          think.               explanations.
Focus on the     Consistently         Focuses on the       Focuses on the       Rarely focuses
   Task.         stays focused on     task and what        task and what        on the task and
                 the task and         needs to be          needs to be done     what needs to
                 what needs to be     done most of the     some of the          be done. Lets
                 done. Very self-     time. Other          time. Other          others do the
                 directed.            group members        group members        work.
                                      can count on this    must sometimes
                                      person.              nag, prod, and
                                                           remind to keep
                                                           this person on-
                                                           task
Organization     Information is       Information is       Information is       The information
                 very organized       organized with       organized, but       appears to be
                 with well-           well-constructed     paragraphs are       disorganized.
                 constructed          paragraphs.          not well-
                 paragraphs and                            constructed.
                 subheadings.
Diagrams and     Diagrams are         Diagrams are         Diagrams are less    Diagrams are
Illustrations.   neat, accurate       accurate and         neat and             not accurate or
                 and contribute to    contribute to the    accurate and         do not
                 the                  understanding of     sometimes            contribute to
                 understanding of     the topic            contribute to the    the
                 the topic.                                understanding of     understanding
                                                           the topic.           of the topic.

Conclusions      Student provided     Student              Student provided     No conclusion
                 a detailed           provided a           a conclusion with    was apparent or
                 conclusion           somewhat             some reference       important
                 clearly based on     detailed             to the data.         details were
                 the data.            conclusion based                          overlooked.
                                      on the data.
Working with     Almost always        Usually listens      Often listens to,    Rarely listens to,
  others.        listens to, shares   to, shares, with,    shares with, and     shares with, and
                 with, and            and supports the     supports the         supports the
                 supports the         efforts of others.   efforts of others,   efforts of
                 efforts of others.   Does not cause       but sometimes is     others. Often is
                 Tries to keep        “waves” in the       not a good team      not a good team
                 people working       group.               member.              player.
                 well together.
Time-         Routinely uses      Usually uses       Tends to           Rarely gets
 management.      time well           time well          procrastinate,     things done by
                  throughout the      throughout the     but always gets    the deadlines
                  project to ensure   project, but may   things done by     AND group has
                  things get done     have               the deadlines.     to adjust
                  on time. Group      procrastinated     Group does not     deadlines or
                  does not have to    on one thing.      have to adjust     work
                  adjust deadlines    Group does not     deadlines or       responsibilities
                  or work             have to adjust     work               because of this
                  responsibilities    deadlines or       responsibilities   person's
                  because of this     work               because of this    inadequate time
                  person's            responsibilities   person's           management.
                  procrastination.    because of this    procrastination.
                                      person's
                                      procrastination.


From 24 to 28-A

From 20 to 23-B

From 16 to 19-C

Less than 16- F
Rubric to Assess Online Research
                                                 Class # 3

  CATEGORY               4                   3                   2                   1          TOTAL
   Attitude      Assumes a           Assumes a           Assumes a           Assumes a
                 fairly positive     positive            moderately          negative
                 attitude toward     attitude toward     positive            attitude
                 the project and     the project and     attitude toward     toward the
                 maintains that      maintains that      the project and     project and
                 attitude            attitude            maintains that      show no
                 throughout the      throughout the      attitude            change toward
                 project.            project.            throughout the      the positive
                                                         project.            throughout
                                                                             the project.
 Contribution    Always              Usually             Sometimes           Rarely
                 provides useful     provides useful     provides useful     provides useful
                 ideas when          ideas when          ideas when          ideas when
                 participating in    participating in    participating in    participating in
                 the group and       the group and       the group and       the group and
                 in classroom        in classroom        in classroom        in classroom
                 discussion.         discussion.         discussion.         discussion.
                 Makes definite      Makes good          Makes some          Makes no
                 contributions       contributions       contributions       contributions
                 with a lot of       with good           and does what       and refuse or
                 effort.             efforts.            is required.        does not to
                                                                             participate.
 Delegation of Each student in       Almost each         Only some           Very few
responsibilities. the group can      student in the      students in the     students in the
                  clearly explain    group can           group can           group can
                  what               clearly explain     clearly explain     clearly explain
                  information is     what                what                what
                  needed by the      information is      information is      information is
                  group, what        needed by the       needed by the       needed by the
                  information        group, what         group, what         group, what
                  he/she is          information         information         information
                  responsible for    he/she is           he/she is           he/she is
                  locating.          responsible for     responsible for     responsible for
                                     locating.           locating.           locating.

 Internet use    Successfully        Usually able to     Occasionally        Needs
                 uses suggested      use suggested       able to use         assistance or
                 internet links to   internet links to   suggested           supervision to
                 find                find                internet links to   use suggested
                 information         information         find                internet links
                 and navigates       and navigates       information         and/or to
                 within these        within these        and navigates       navigate
                 sites easily        sites easily        within these        within these
                 without             without             sites easily        sites.
assistance.         assistance.         without
                                                            assistance.

Ideas research      Researchers         Researchers         Researchers         Researchers
  questions         independently       independently       independently       independently
                    identify at least   identify at least   identify at least   identify at
                    4 reasonable,       3 reasonable,       2 reasonable,       least 1
                    insightful,         insightful,         insightful,         reasonable,
                    creative            creative            creative            insightful,
                    ideas/questions     ideas/questions     ideas/questions     creative
                    to pursue when      to pursue when      to pursue when      idea/question
                    doing the           doing the           doing the           to pursue
                    research.           research.           research.           when doing
                                                                                the research.

 Working with       Almost always       Usually listens     Often listens       Rarely listens
   others           listens to,         to, shares,         to, shares with,    to, shares
                    shares with,        with, and           and supports        with, and
                    and supports        supports the        the efforts of      supports the
                    the efforts of      efforts of          others, but         efforts of
                    others. Tries to    others. Does        sometimes is        others. Often
                    keep people         not cause           not a good          is not a good
                    working well        “waves” in the      team member.        team player.
                    together.           group.

Organization        Information is      Information is      Information is      The
                    very organized      organized with      organized, but      information
                    with well-          well-               paragraphs are      appears to be
                    constructed         constructed         not well-           disorganized.
                    paragraphs and      paragraphs.         constructed.
                    subheadings.


From 24 to 28 – A

From 20 to 23 – B

From 16 to 19 – C

Less than 16 – F
Rubric to Assess Online Research
                                              Class # 5


CATEGORY         4                        3             2                    1         TOTAL
Title Page Must contain           Contains      Some of the          None of the
               all of the         most of the   names of the         names of the
               names of the       names of the  students are         students are
               students. The      students. The on this slide.       displayed on
               font selected is   font is       Font is              the first page.
               legible.
                                  legible.      difficult to         There’s no
               Contains a
               creative title,    Contains a    read. Title is       title, and
               and the first      creative title,
                                                somewhat             there’s no
               page should be     and the first original, and        color at all.
               vibrant with       page has      the slide has
               color.             some color.   almost no
                                                color.
Introduction   Slide should       The purpose   Purpose is           Slide should
Page           include the        of the        included but         include does
               purpose of the     experiment    without a full       not include the
               experiment,        was included understanding.        purpose of the
               and an on          but only had  The example          experiment, or
               example how                                           how the
                                  somewhat of   provided
               the experiment                                        experiment
               extended your      an            about CO2
                                  understanding emission was         extended your
               knowledge                                             knowledge
               about acidity      on what it    irrelevant.
                                  was. An                            about acidity
               and CO2
                                                                     and CO2
               emissions.         example of
                                                                     emissions.
                                  their
                                  knowledge of
                                  CO2
                                  emissions
                                  was provided.
Causes Page    At least two       One example One example            No examples
               examples of        of the causes was added,           of what the
               what the           of            but was              causes of
               causes of          acidification irrelevant to        acidification
               acidification      is provided.  the causes of        are provided.
               are provided.                                         No pictures
                                  One picture   acidification.
               A couple                                              were added to
               pictures were      was added to No pictures
                                  express your  were added to        express your
               added to                                              ideas.
               express your       ideas.        express your
               ideas.                           ideas.

Effects Page   At least two       One example       One example      No examples
               examples of        of the effects    was added,       of what the
what the          of                but was            causes of
            effects of        acidification     irrelevant to      acidification
            acidification     is provided.      the effects of     are provided.
            are provided.     One picture       acidification.     No pictures
            One or more       was added to      No pictures        were added to
            pictures were                                          express your
                              express your      were added to
            added to                                               ideas.
            express your      ideas             express your
            ideas.                              ideas.

Images      Many pictures     Some pictures     Not many           There are no
Page        of various        of various        pictures of        pictures of
            marine            marine            various marine     marine
            organisms that    organisms that    organisms that     organisms that
            may be            may be            may be             on this slide.
            affected by       affected by       affected by        No image on
            acidification     acidification     acidification of   the slide was
            of the sea are    of the sea are    the sea are        labeled.
            expected to       seen on this      seen on this
            been seen on      slide. Slide is   slide. Slide
            this slide.       somewhat          seems to be
            Slide is          filled with       empty.
            expected to be    pictures.         No image on
            filled with        Every image      the slide was
            pictures.         on the slide      labeled.
             Every image      was labeled.
            on the slide
            was labeled as
            well.

Resources   Should have at    There’s at        There’s at least   Nothing is
Page        least two         least one         one resource       cited properly
            resources on      resource          added on this      at all and
            this slide, and   added on this     slide, however,    there or there
            the resources     slide, and the    the resource is    are no
            must be           resources are     not properly       resources on
            properly cited.   properly cited.   cited.             this slide.
Collaboration Rubric (for Collaborative Lesson Plan Project)



Name: ________Manoushca Etienne________________________________________



Partner/Team Member Name(s): Leo Medina



Criteria                    0                     1                   2                   3
Contribution       Does not collect     Collects and         Collects and        Collects and
                   nor share any        shares very little   shares some         shares a great
                   relevant             relevant             relevant            deal of relevant
                   information          information          information and     information and
                   and/or provides      and/or provides      provides in a       provides in a
                   in an untimely       in an untimely       timely manner.      timely manner.
                   manner.              manner.
Responsibily       Does not perform Performs few             Performs some       Performs all
                   the                  responsibilities     responsibilities    responsibilities
                   responsibilities     determined in        determined in       determined in
                   determined in        team/partner         team/partner        team/partner
                   team/partner         assignments.         assignments.        assignments.
                   assignments.
Respect            Does not value       Values little the    Values some of      Values the ideas
                   the ideas and        ideas and            the ideas and       and opinions of
                   opinions of other opinions of other opinions of other other team
                   team                 team                 team                member/partner
                   member/partner member/partner member/partner and contributes
                   and does not         and contributes      and contributes     to making fair &
                   contribute to        little to making     to some degree in appropriate
                   making fair &        fair & appropriate making fair &         decisions.
                   appropriate          decisions.           appropriate
                   decisions.                                decisions.
Comments:I loved Leo’s honesty at the very beginning. He flat out said that he wasn’t good with
technology, instead of pretending like he knew. (That could’ve potentially created a big
problem.) So, Leo and I worked together on our portion of the project. At first I thought that I
was going to have to walk him through everything, but he proved me wrong. His portion was
always done on time and he always made sure that he was participating 100% of the time.
(Even if he worked a night shift and only had 3 hrs. of sleep.) Loved his dedication!
Collaboration Rubric (for Collaborative Lesson Plan Project)



Name: ________Manoushca Etienne________________________________________



Partner/Team Member Name(s):Alix Guillaume Ducarmel



Criteria                     0                    1                   2                 3
Contribution        Does not collect    Collects and         Collects and      Collects and
                    nor share any       shares very little   shares some       shares a great
                    relevant            relevant             relevant          deal of relevant
                    information         information          information and   information and
                    and/or provides     and/or provides      provides in a     provides in a
                    in an untimely      in an untimely       timely manner.    timely manner.
                    manner.             manner.
Responsibility      Does not perform Performs few            Performs some     Performs all
                    the                 responsibilities     responsibilities  responsibilities
                    responsibilities    determined in        determined in     determined in
                    determined in       team/partner         team/partner      team/partner
                    team/partner        assignments.         assignments.      assignments.
                    assignments.
Respect             Does not value      Values little the    Values some of    Values the ideas
                    the ideas and       ideas and            the ideas and     and opinions of
                    opinions of other opinions of other opinions of other other team
                    team                team                 team              member/partner
                    member/partner member/partner member/partner and contributes
                    and does not        and contributes      and contributes   to making fair &
                    contribute to       little to making     to some degree in appropriate
                    making fair &       fair &               making fair &     decisions.
                    appropriate         appropriate          appropriate
                    decisions.          decisions.           decisions.
Comments:Alix was a great help to the group and had a ton of great ideas. In my opinion, we
would not have implemented such a great lesson plan if it wasn’t his great attention to detail.
He could’ve pulled back at times; it was as if he was trying to do WAY too much. That got
frustrating at times. Besides that, he was a great asset to the group.
Collaboration Rubric (for Collaborative Lesson Plan Project)



Name: ________Manoushca Etienne________________________________________



Partner/Team Member Name(s):Zobeida Fernandez



Criteria                     0                    1                   2                   3
Contribution         Does not collect   Collects and         Collects and        Collects and
                     nor share any      shares very little   shares some         shares a great
                     relevant           relevant             relevant            deal of relevant
                     information        information          information and     information and
                     and/or provides    and/or provides      provides in a       provides in a
                     in an untimely     in an untimely       timely manner.      timely manner.
                     manner.            manner.
Responsibility       Does not perform Performs few           Performs some       Performs all
                     the                responsibilities     responsibilities    responsibilities
                     responsibilities   determined in        determined in       determined in
                     determined in      team/partner         team/partner        team/partner
                     team/partner       assignments.         assignments.        assignments.
                     assignments.
Respect              Does not value     Values little the    Values some of      Values the ideas
                     the ideas and      ideas and            the ideas and       and opinions of
                     opinions of other opinions of other opinions of other other team
                     team               team                 team                member/partner
                     member/partner member/partner member/partner and contributes
                     and does not       and contributes      and contributes     to making fair &
                     contribute to      little to making     to some degree in appropriate
                     making fair &      fair &               making fair &       decisions.
                     appropriate        appropriate          appropriate
                     decisions.         decisions.           decisions.
Comments: I have to admit, I was a little nervous about Zobeida not being here for most of the
project. Boy did she surprise me! She was responsible and took the initiative to complete her
part beforehand. We all agreed to have a completed “rough draft” of what the entire lesson
should look like; Zobeida took it upon herself to give our group the final copy of her portion
before she went to Miami for her surgery. Despite her physical incapability’s she still got her
job done AND kept in contact with us while she was away. I have so much more respect for this
woman after working with her!
Intro2 tech finallessonplan

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Intro2 tech finallessonplan

  • 1. Lesson Title: Ocean Acidification Grade Level(s): 5th Grade Subject(s): Science Lesson Length: 5 days (Approx. 4 hours) Prepared by:Zobeida Fernandez, Manoushca Etienne, Leo Medina, Alix Guillaume Overview: In this lesson, students will explore the effects of acidic oceans on certain marine organisms in the ocean food web, and the effects on humans. Students will conduct a science experiment using the scientific method to see the effects of increased acidity on certain species. They will also investigate the causes for increased ocean acidity, and discuss ways to minimize the impact as an individual and as a society. Standards: SC.5.L.17.1 B Both human activities and natural events can have major impacts on the environment. SC.5.N.1.6 D: Scientific knowledge is based on observation and inference; it is important to recognize that these are very different things. Not only does science require creativity in its methods and processes, but it also inquires and explanations. LA.5.6.1.1 The student will read and interpret information text and organize the information (e.g. use outlines, time lines, graphic organizers) from multiple sources for a variety of purposes (e.g. multi-step directions, problem solving, performing task, supporting opinions, predictions, and conclusions). NETS-S: 3 b) Locate, organize, analyze, evaluate, synthesize, and ethically use information from a variety of sources and media. Learning Objectives: Students will be able to do the following: Use the scientific method to hypothesize, test, record, and make conclusions on the effect of acidity on certain marine organisms. Locate, organize, manipulate, analyze and write information about the causes and effects of acidity, as well as ways to avoid this. Work collectively using what they have learned to plan properly, assign tasks and make meaningful reports. Express ideas, criteria, and facts clearly and convincingly, and use technology throughout the process. Materials/Resources Needed: - Computer(s) - Pieces of dead coral
  • 2. - Internet connection - Urchin (skeleton) - Power Point program - Clam shells - Small dishes - Small abalone shells - Lid containers - Chicken bones - Poster board - Index cards - Water - Crayons/Markers - Vinegar - Glue/Glue sticks - pH meter or strips - Pictures (from magazines or online) - Shells - Beakers - Graph Paper Introduction: 10 min total (Part of Day 1) * Make sure to pass out the “Word Organizer” before starting. Explain to students that they will be working along with you as you go through the introduction, by filling in the blanks when you tell them to do so. Ask them what they know about the human Osteoporosis Disease. If they do not recognize the term, have them fill in the “New Word” section on the word web organizer. Afterwards: - Briefly explain what the disease is. - Provide a couple examples by showing pictures of what the disease looks like by using projector/smart board. - Then have the students fill out the “What is it”, “What is it like” and the “What does it do” sections on the word web organizer. Introduce the term Acidification. If they do not recognize it, have them add the term in the “New word” section on the word web organizer. Afterwards: - Briefly define the term - Then have them fill out the “What is it”, “What is it like” and the “What does it do” sections on the word web organizer. Repeat these steps with any other new words that you feel that the students may need to know before the lesson. If not continue to the Lesson Activities portion of the lesson plan. Lesson Activities: (Proceed after Introduction) Day 1 – Video Day: 30 min total - After the introduction, inform students that they will learn about a disease called “Marine Osteoporosis.” - Let them hypothesize on what this might be – keep them in an inquiry until they watch
  • 3. the corresponding video. (20 min) -Video: “Acid Test: The Global Challenge of Ocean Acidification”. The video can be located also at http://www.nrdc.org/oceans/acidification/aboutthefilm.asp). - Discuss/Summarize the video with the students. (5 min) - Assign the students to their lab groups that they will be in for the next day. (5 min) - Split them up evenly. If you can make sure there’s at least one boy and one girl in each group. Also, make sure that the groups are diverse when it comes to their race and their skill level. (Do this to make sure that all of the students are experiencing an equal amount of diversity in all aspects.) * Ex: If there were twenty children in the classroom, it would be wise to put them in groups of 5. Day 2 – Experiment Day:45 min total *The following are things to be done before the science lesson begins: - Make sure the required materials, for the experiment, are set out on a back table, PLUS an extra set for you, before science class starts. You are going to be doing the experiment with the students. (This saves time and makes accessing materials easier for the students.) - Make sure your computer and projector are on and ready to go. You will be using this equipment to show the students what a pH scale looks like. - Print out the “pH Scale” picture. This picture should be on display while you’re introducing the experiment. This will help the students better understand how they’re going to be testing the different objects and what their results will look like. - Print out the necessary amount of the “Experiment Instructions Worksheet”. The students will need this sheet to follow along during the actual experiment. Students will onlyneed one sheet per group. - Print out the necessary amount of the “pH Table”. Each group will need to fill this table in with their results throughout the experiment. Each student willneed their own worksheet. - Make sure you print out the “Example Bar Graph” to show students what the minimum requirements for this activity are. - Print out the necessary amount of the “Bar Graph Template” sheet. The students will need this template to create their own bar graph. Each student needs to receive one. *Engage in a brief conversation with the classroom about what they saw in the video on Day 1 to refresh their memory. (5 min) *The following should take no more than 10 min. - Briefly explain the purpose of the experiment to the students. -For example: “Students, today we are going to measure the pH of 6 different substances or things. Who can tell me what they think the “pH” of something means? - Try to give them clues as to what pH means, but if they don’t get it, say something along the lines of: *Make sure to project a picture of the pH scale BEFORE you move on. - “pH” is just a fancy abbreviation scientists use to explain the base of an object. Now, the base of an object can go three different ways; the object can be acidic, alkaline, or neutral.
  • 4. - Go on to explain what the colors mean. (Basically, when they measure the pH of a certain object and it comes out in the color blue, for example, what does that mean? Is it acidic, alkaline, or neutral?) *The following should take no more than 30 min. Have students get into the groups that they were assigned on Day 1. Tell one student from each group to get the “Experiment Instruction Worksheet” from you. Instruct another student form each group to get the “pH’ table from you. Tell another person from each group to grab the necessary materials for the experiment: - Two labeled containers with lids (one will be labeled as vinegar and the other water) - 500 ml of water - 500 ml of Vinegar - pH strips - The following items: shells, pieces of dead coral, urchin, clam shells, small abalone shell, and chicken bones. *Make sure that each student in the group is measuring at least one item. If the groups have less than 6 people, have one student measure 2 out of the 6 items, and the others would only measure one. This will allow all of the students to be a part of the experiment. This strategy will also save a ton of time due to the fact that it takes 10 min to get the pH results. Now, instruct the students about the procedure by explaining to them what they’re going to do. Make sure you put an emphasis that the experiment will be done collectively. (Teacher will be doing the experiment with the students.) The instructions for the experiment are as follows: -Fill the containers, one with water and the other with vinegar. (Already labeled) - Hypothesize what will happen when the item is immersed in each liquid. Record your answers on the “pH Table” worksheet and justify the answer. (One to two sentences.) -Then, measure and record the pH of both substances on the “pH Table”. (Will be provided before the experiment.) - The amount of time for each pH strip trial should be no more than 10 minutes long. In other words, do not leave the pH strips in the liquid for more than 10 minutes. - Have the students create a bar graph of their results. (Display the “Example Bar Graph” sheet on the projector at this time.) - “Bar Graph Templates” should be passes out at his time. Instructions for the graph are as follows: - y-axis= item used - x-axis=alteration of item. (Strong, slightly strong, slightly weak, weak, very brittle). - They can be creative by adding color At the end of the experiment, all students must help clean their work area, place all of the materials back on the where they found them If students do not finish the bar graphs in time, they must take it home to finish for as homework. They need to bring their completed bar graph the next day. Also, it is expected that students will draw individual conclusions from the observations as homework. (no more
  • 5. than one paragraph.) Day 3 – Research Day: 45 min total *The following are things to be done before the science lesson begins: - Today’s lesson will be done in the computer lab. - Make sure all of the computers are on and working. - Hang up the remainder of the bar graphs. This only applies if all of the students finished their graphs in class and DID NOT take it home to finish as homework. Engage students by asking questions about the acidification, what it causes and its impact on the entire food web, the ecosystem, and humanity are. Inform them that they are going to the computer lab to do research on CO2 emissions that they will then present through a Power Point presentation. All of the research found will be expected to be saved on a Word Document. Research will be used in their Power Points. Pass out the pieces of notebook paper and pencils. Separate the students into their science groups, line the students up accordingly, and walk to the computer lab. Students should stay with their lab groups at all times while in the computer lab. Students will browse the internet to investigate ways that each of them or their guardians can contribute to the increase in CO2 emissions and specific changes they can make in their life to reduce CO2 emissions. From this they can access to some web pages related to the acidification phenomenon. For example: OCEAN ACIDIFICATION. Starting with the Science or EPOCA European Project on Ocean Acidification. Each group will take notes, by using Microsoft Word, to add information to their Power Point presentation. Students must e-mail the document to the teacher as an attachment, prior to Day 4 class. Day 4 – Power Point Day : 45 min total *The following are things to be done before the science lesson begins: - Today’s lesson will be done in the computer lab again. - Make sure all of the computers are on and working. - Print out the necessary amount of the “Graphic Organizer Worksheet”. Some students will need this to gather their thoughts as you review what they have learned so far, however, each student should get one. There are two organizers per page so you will need to cute them out before class. Review what was learned in the previous 2 days based on the results obtained during the experiment by interacting with the students and asking them questions about how the video and the experiment are relatable. At this point students can take advantage of the graphic organizer, a strategy beneficial to ESE/ELL students.
  • 6. (Graphic organizer will be provided before class) Each group will then have to create a Power Point document with a minimum of 6 slides, which should include: - A Title page  Should include the names of the students in each group  Creative Title - Introduction  Slide should include the purpose of the experiment  How the experiment extended your knowledge about acidity and CO2 emissions - Causes of acidification  Give at least two examples of what the causes are  Add at least one picture to express your ideas - Effects of acidification  Give at least two examples of what the causes are  Add at least one picture to express your ideas - Images  Pictures of various marine organisms that may be affected by acidification of the sea are expected to been seen on this slide.  Every image should be labeled as well. - Resources  Should have at least two resources  Should be properly cited as well - Power Point should be colorful and creative - Power Point should be e-mailed to the teacher as an attachment by the end of the activity. Day 5 – Presentation Day: 45 min total *The following are things to be done before the science lesson begins: - Make sure that your computer is turned on and working properly. Do the same for the projector. The students will be using this equipment to present their Power Points in class. Each group presents to the class (about 10 minutes each group) All members must participate in reading the slides (One student per slide for example) For the groups that are not presenting at the moment, they will be responsible for commenting on each group for their work. Have them comment on each group by summarizing the most important aspects that each group found regarding what they can do to reduce the acidification of our seas. Have them write a few sentences for each presentation. Encourage them to share what they have learned with their families to discuss in subsequent classes what they have done about it. Strategies - ESE/ESOL: During the class, while students are working in groups, we will approach those in need, either because English is not their native language or because they still do not have the skills to work with
  • 7. the computers in order to help and give them an individualized attention. Many students may be struggling with not only the language, but also with feelings of frustration at having to learn content, and technology. We will speak slowly and give instructions in a clear and concise manner, by using gestures and expressions that help them understand. Instructional/Implementation Strategies: Our instructional strategies are as follows: 1. The Word Web Organizer – This introduced new scientific terminologies and gave students a different way to gather their thoughts about specific terms. 2. Graphic Organizer – This visual enhanced the lesson plan by allowing the students to identify with their most essential ideas about the entire lesson. 3. Reviews – The time spent at the beginning of each class recapped the previous lesson, which not only reminded the students what they learned previously, but it was also a way to transition into the new lesson. 4. Group Work – we decided to have the children work together so that they can interact and learn from one another 5. Modern Technologies – The video, different web sites, and using Microsoft was our way of connecting with this new generation of students. We felt that the students would better understand the content if they had an opportunity to express themselves by using what they enjoy the most, technology. Integrating Technologies and/or Software: -Computer and projector for the Power Point presentation. -Video to show the effects of CO2 emissions on acidification of the seas, its negative impact on various marine organisms in particular and the environment in general. - Search engines like the OCEAN ACIDIFICATION. Starting with the Science or EPOCA European Project on Ocean Acidification. Evaluation/Critique of Educational Software/Web-based Resource: Someone once said that an image is better than thousand words. With this in mind we have decided to use the Power Point presentation to show in a beautiful and concise way, the impact of acidification on some marine organisms.Of course there would be no presentation without the use of a computer with a projector of some sort; these tools are an essential aspect of the lesson because without them we wouldn’t be able to fully implement the lesson plan. We decided to use the video in the beginning of the lesson for the high quality of its images, the high scientific value of its content and the emotional impact it can have on students. Undoubtedly, this can reach the students hearts and make them aware of the great impact of this phenomenon on our planet in general. This video not only gives strength to the message but also may encourage students to take an active part in caring for our seas as part of our beautiful planet. After all, engaging students is at the heart of teaching. We also gave them the option of using kid friendly search engines. This way the students could explore what CO2 emissions does for themselves. They also had the option of using their peers as a source of learning. All of these tools combined further helped the students in understanding the topic
  • 8. at hand. Summary: The lesson Ocean Acidification is very complete. It touches on very modern topics of interest today, like: the problem of acidity in the world's waters, its causes, its effects, and possible solutions. In this week long lesson, students will work in small groups to work towards one common goal, completing their presentations, as well as working individually. Technology was incorporated throughout the lesson when the students did their activities, during their research, and was used to complete their final presentation. We used these techniques to grab students’ attention and to let them enjoy the learning process. The research that they did and Power Point will especially help the children remember what they learned because they got to explore, along with guidance from the teacher of course, for themselves, and they also had the hands-on experience with the creation of their Power Point. Assessment Strategies/Tools: Type - Rubrics Rubric #1 – This rubric assesses the actual experiment Rubric #2 – This rubric assesses the online research that the students did Rubric #3 – This rubric assesses the final Power Point Research Theory: The way we conceive this class fits into the framework of the cognitive theory that was introduced by Benjamin Bloom with Bloom’s Taxonomy and the Theory of Experience developed by John Dewey. Cognitive teaching methods aim to assist students in assimilating new information to existing knowledge, and enabling them to make the appropriate modifications to their existing intellectual framework to accommodate that information. They place greater importance on strategies that help students to actively assimilate and accommodate new material. All 6 of Blooms’ steps were used throughout our lesson: 1. Remembering - knowing information (Word Web Organizer and the Graphic Organizer) 2. Understanding - explaining concepts or information in own words (Recap before he beginning of each class, and the explanation of the “New Words”) 3. Applying - using the information or concept in a different, but familiar situation (doing the actual experiment in itself) 4. Analyzing - distinguishing parts from the whole, differentiating between fact and inference (watching the video first before the experiment; research on CO2 emissions) 5. Evaluating - judging and defending concepts or ideas (research on the CO2 emissions and how they or their parents can change their patterns to slow down the process of acidification)
  • 9. 6. Creating - creating new ideas and concepts (Coming with new patterns of life to live after they figure out their CO2 emission “footprint”) In line with the Dewey’s Theory of Experience, we structure this class so that students actively participate in the process of learning, experimenting, and concluding by using their previous knowledge about the food chain and food web. In addition, we provide them the essential guidance so that they themselves look for, select and analyze the information they are going to use in their reports. Therefore, there’s constant conversation – the teachers are facilitators AND partners. On the other hand,because this process involves significant restructuring of existing cognitive structures, successful learning requires a major personal investment on the part of the learner. Therefore, motivation plays an important role. Taking this into consideration, we try to make each activity attractive, so that they have become involved in them with a true desire to learn, but at the same time, allowing them enough freedom to make their own decisions. Word Organizer
  • 10. New Word? What Is It? What Does It Do? Word Organizer New Word? What Is It? What Does It Do?
  • 12. Experiment Instructions The instructions for the experiment are as follows: 1. Fill the containers, one with water and the other with vinegar. (Already labeled) 2. Hypothesize what will happen when the item is immersed in each liquid. Record your answers on the “pH Table” worksheet and justify the answer. 3. Then, measure and record the pH of both substances on the “pH Table” worksheet. 4. The amount of time for each pH strip trial should be no more than 10 minutes long. In other words, do not leave the pH strips in the liquid for more than 10 minutes. 5. Make a bar graph of the results on the graph paper provided. Instructions for the graph are as follows: - x-axis = alteration of item.  Labels for x- axis: very brittle weak, slightly weak, slightly strong, and Strong - y-axis = item used  Shells, piece of dead coral, urchin, clamshells, small abalone shell, and chicken bones. - You can be creative by adding color
  • 13. pH Table Experiment Items pH of Water pH of Vinegar Shells Pieces of Dead Coral Urchin Clam Shells Small Abalone Shell Chicken Bones Hypothesis Shells: _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Pieces of Dead Coral: _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Urchin:_______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ ______ Clam Shells:________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____ Small Abalone Shell:________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____
  • 14. Chicken Bones: _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Example Bar Graph Chart Title Chicken Bones Abalone Shells Axis Title Clam Shells Urchin Dead Coral Shells 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 Axis Title *REPLACE the numbers on the x-axis with the following: very brittle, weak, slightly weak, slightly strong, and strong
  • 18. Rubric to Assess the Experiment Class # 2 CATEGORY 4 3 2 1 TOTAL Hypothesis Independently Somehow strives Barely strives to Does not strive development. strives to find to offer some find some to develop logical hypotheses to hypotheses that hypotheses to explanations and explain and explain and explain or develop predict predict possible predict possible hypotheses to phenomena outcomes. outcomes. Wait explain during the Depends on until others find phenomena and experiment. what others and express the predict results. think. explanations. Focus on the Consistently Focuses on the Focuses on the Rarely focuses Task. stays focused on task and what task and what on the task and the task and needs to be needs to be done what needs to what needs to be done most of the some of the be done. Lets done. Very self- time. Other time. Other others do the directed. group members group members work. can count on this must sometimes person. nag, prod, and remind to keep this person on- task Organization Information is Information is Information is The information very organized organized with organized, but appears to be with well- well-constructed paragraphs are disorganized. constructed paragraphs. not well- paragraphs and constructed. subheadings. Diagrams and Diagrams are Diagrams are Diagrams are less Diagrams are Illustrations. neat, accurate accurate and neat and not accurate or and contribute to contribute to the accurate and do not the understanding of sometimes contribute to understanding of the topic contribute to the the the topic. understanding of understanding the topic. of the topic. Conclusions Student provided Student Student provided No conclusion a detailed provided a a conclusion with was apparent or conclusion somewhat some reference important clearly based on detailed to the data. details were the data. conclusion based overlooked. on the data. Working with Almost always Usually listens Often listens to, Rarely listens to, others. listens to, shares to, shares, with, shares with, and shares with, and with, and and supports the supports the supports the supports the efforts of others. efforts of others, efforts of efforts of others. Does not cause but sometimes is others. Often is Tries to keep “waves” in the not a good team not a good team people working group. member. player. well together.
  • 19. Time- Routinely uses Usually uses Tends to Rarely gets management. time well time well procrastinate, things done by throughout the throughout the but always gets the deadlines project to ensure project, but may things done by AND group has things get done have the deadlines. to adjust on time. Group procrastinated Group does not deadlines or does not have to on one thing. have to adjust work adjust deadlines Group does not deadlines or responsibilities or work have to adjust work because of this responsibilities deadlines or responsibilities person's because of this work because of this inadequate time person's responsibilities person's management. procrastination. because of this procrastination. person's procrastination. From 24 to 28-A From 20 to 23-B From 16 to 19-C Less than 16- F
  • 20. Rubric to Assess Online Research Class # 3 CATEGORY 4 3 2 1 TOTAL Attitude Assumes a Assumes a Assumes a Assumes a fairly positive positive moderately negative attitude toward attitude toward positive attitude the project and the project and attitude toward toward the maintains that maintains that the project and project and attitude attitude maintains that show no throughout the throughout the attitude change toward project. project. throughout the the positive project. throughout the project. Contribution Always Usually Sometimes Rarely provides useful provides useful provides useful provides useful ideas when ideas when ideas when ideas when participating in participating in participating in participating in the group and the group and the group and the group and in classroom in classroom in classroom in classroom discussion. discussion. discussion. discussion. Makes definite Makes good Makes some Makes no contributions contributions contributions contributions with a lot of with good and does what and refuse or effort. efforts. is required. does not to participate. Delegation of Each student in Almost each Only some Very few responsibilities. the group can student in the students in the students in the clearly explain group can group can group can what clearly explain clearly explain clearly explain information is what what what needed by the information is information is information is group, what needed by the needed by the needed by the information group, what group, what group, what he/she is information information information responsible for he/she is he/she is he/she is locating. responsible for responsible for responsible for locating. locating. locating. Internet use Successfully Usually able to Occasionally Needs uses suggested use suggested able to use assistance or internet links to internet links to suggested supervision to find find internet links to use suggested information information find internet links and navigates and navigates information and/or to within these within these and navigates navigate sites easily sites easily within these within these without without sites easily sites.
  • 21. assistance. assistance. without assistance. Ideas research Researchers Researchers Researchers Researchers questions independently independently independently independently identify at least identify at least identify at least identify at 4 reasonable, 3 reasonable, 2 reasonable, least 1 insightful, insightful, insightful, reasonable, creative creative creative insightful, ideas/questions ideas/questions ideas/questions creative to pursue when to pursue when to pursue when idea/question doing the doing the doing the to pursue research. research. research. when doing the research. Working with Almost always Usually listens Often listens Rarely listens others listens to, to, shares, to, shares with, to, shares shares with, with, and and supports with, and and supports supports the the efforts of supports the the efforts of efforts of others, but efforts of others. Tries to others. Does sometimes is others. Often keep people not cause not a good is not a good working well “waves” in the team member. team player. together. group. Organization Information is Information is Information is The very organized organized with organized, but information with well- well- paragraphs are appears to be constructed constructed not well- disorganized. paragraphs and paragraphs. constructed. subheadings. From 24 to 28 – A From 20 to 23 – B From 16 to 19 – C Less than 16 – F
  • 22. Rubric to Assess Online Research Class # 5 CATEGORY 4 3 2 1 TOTAL Title Page Must contain Contains Some of the None of the all of the most of the names of the names of the names of the names of the students are students are students. The students. The on this slide. displayed on font selected is font is Font is the first page. legible. legible. difficult to There’s no Contains a creative title, Contains a read. Title is title, and and the first creative title, somewhat there’s no page should be and the first original, and color at all. vibrant with page has the slide has color. some color. almost no color. Introduction Slide should The purpose Purpose is Slide should Page include the of the included but include does purpose of the experiment without a full not include the experiment, was included understanding. purpose of the and an on but only had The example experiment, or example how how the somewhat of provided the experiment experiment extended your an about CO2 understanding emission was extended your knowledge knowledge about acidity on what it irrelevant. was. An about acidity and CO2 and CO2 emissions. example of emissions. their knowledge of CO2 emissions was provided. Causes Page At least two One example One example No examples examples of of the causes was added, of what the what the of but was causes of causes of acidification irrelevant to acidification acidification is provided. the causes of are provided. are provided. No pictures One picture acidification. A couple were added to pictures were was added to No pictures express your were added to express your added to ideas. express your ideas. express your ideas. ideas. Effects Page At least two One example One example No examples examples of of the effects was added, of what the
  • 23. what the of but was causes of effects of acidification irrelevant to acidification acidification is provided. the effects of are provided. are provided. One picture acidification. No pictures One or more was added to No pictures were added to pictures were express your express your were added to added to ideas. express your ideas express your ideas. ideas. Images Many pictures Some pictures Not many There are no Page of various of various pictures of pictures of marine marine various marine marine organisms that organisms that organisms that organisms that may be may be may be on this slide. affected by affected by affected by No image on acidification acidification acidification of the slide was of the sea are of the sea are the sea are labeled. expected to seen on this seen on this been seen on slide. Slide is slide. Slide this slide. somewhat seems to be Slide is filled with empty. expected to be pictures. No image on filled with Every image the slide was pictures. on the slide labeled. Every image was labeled. on the slide was labeled as well. Resources Should have at There’s at There’s at least Nothing is Page least two least one one resource cited properly resources on resource added on this at all and this slide, and added on this slide, however, there or there the resources slide, and the the resource is are no must be resources are not properly resources on properly cited. properly cited. cited. this slide.
  • 24. Collaboration Rubric (for Collaborative Lesson Plan Project) Name: ________Manoushca Etienne________________________________________ Partner/Team Member Name(s): Leo Medina Criteria 0 1 2 3 Contribution Does not collect Collects and Collects and Collects and nor share any shares very little shares some shares a great relevant relevant relevant deal of relevant information information information and information and and/or provides and/or provides provides in a provides in a in an untimely in an untimely timely manner. timely manner. manner. manner. Responsibily Does not perform Performs few Performs some Performs all the responsibilities responsibilities responsibilities responsibilities determined in determined in determined in determined in team/partner team/partner team/partner team/partner assignments. assignments. assignments. assignments. Respect Does not value Values little the Values some of Values the ideas the ideas and ideas and the ideas and and opinions of opinions of other opinions of other opinions of other other team team team team member/partner member/partner member/partner member/partner and contributes and does not and contributes and contributes to making fair & contribute to little to making to some degree in appropriate making fair & fair & appropriate making fair & decisions. appropriate decisions. appropriate decisions. decisions. Comments:I loved Leo’s honesty at the very beginning. He flat out said that he wasn’t good with technology, instead of pretending like he knew. (That could’ve potentially created a big problem.) So, Leo and I worked together on our portion of the project. At first I thought that I was going to have to walk him through everything, but he proved me wrong. His portion was always done on time and he always made sure that he was participating 100% of the time. (Even if he worked a night shift and only had 3 hrs. of sleep.) Loved his dedication!
  • 25. Collaboration Rubric (for Collaborative Lesson Plan Project) Name: ________Manoushca Etienne________________________________________ Partner/Team Member Name(s):Alix Guillaume Ducarmel Criteria 0 1 2 3 Contribution Does not collect Collects and Collects and Collects and nor share any shares very little shares some shares a great relevant relevant relevant deal of relevant information information information and information and and/or provides and/or provides provides in a provides in a in an untimely in an untimely timely manner. timely manner. manner. manner. Responsibility Does not perform Performs few Performs some Performs all the responsibilities responsibilities responsibilities responsibilities determined in determined in determined in determined in team/partner team/partner team/partner team/partner assignments. assignments. assignments. assignments. Respect Does not value Values little the Values some of Values the ideas the ideas and ideas and the ideas and and opinions of opinions of other opinions of other opinions of other other team team team team member/partner member/partner member/partner member/partner and contributes and does not and contributes and contributes to making fair & contribute to little to making to some degree in appropriate making fair & fair & making fair & decisions. appropriate appropriate appropriate decisions. decisions. decisions. Comments:Alix was a great help to the group and had a ton of great ideas. In my opinion, we would not have implemented such a great lesson plan if it wasn’t his great attention to detail. He could’ve pulled back at times; it was as if he was trying to do WAY too much. That got frustrating at times. Besides that, he was a great asset to the group.
  • 26. Collaboration Rubric (for Collaborative Lesson Plan Project) Name: ________Manoushca Etienne________________________________________ Partner/Team Member Name(s):Zobeida Fernandez Criteria 0 1 2 3 Contribution Does not collect Collects and Collects and Collects and nor share any shares very little shares some shares a great relevant relevant relevant deal of relevant information information information and information and and/or provides and/or provides provides in a provides in a in an untimely in an untimely timely manner. timely manner. manner. manner. Responsibility Does not perform Performs few Performs some Performs all the responsibilities responsibilities responsibilities responsibilities determined in determined in determined in determined in team/partner team/partner team/partner team/partner assignments. assignments. assignments. assignments. Respect Does not value Values little the Values some of Values the ideas the ideas and ideas and the ideas and and opinions of opinions of other opinions of other opinions of other other team team team team member/partner member/partner member/partner member/partner and contributes and does not and contributes and contributes to making fair & contribute to little to making to some degree in appropriate making fair & fair & making fair & decisions. appropriate appropriate appropriate decisions. decisions. decisions. Comments: I have to admit, I was a little nervous about Zobeida not being here for most of the project. Boy did she surprise me! She was responsible and took the initiative to complete her part beforehand. We all agreed to have a completed “rough draft” of what the entire lesson should look like; Zobeida took it upon herself to give our group the final copy of her portion before she went to Miami for her surgery. Despite her physical incapability’s she still got her job done AND kept in contact with us while she was away. I have so much more respect for this woman after working with her!