2. I. Introduction
The Internet of Things (IoT) describes the network of physical
objects—“things”—that are embedded with sensors, software, and
other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging
data with other devices and systems over the internet.
IOT is a sensor of network of billions of smart devices that connect
people, systems and other applications to collect and share data.
3.
4. A. How IOT works:
o Sensor in every device
o Every device emits data regarding working states of
things
o IOT provides platform to all devices to dump their data
o IOT platform collect and analyse the data
o Valuable information is extracted
o And information is shared to other devices for decision
making or information
6. II. Architecture of IOT
The architecture of an IoT system typically follows a layered approach:
Perception Layer: This is the physical layer consisting of sensors and
actuators
.Network Layer: This layer handles connectivity and transmission of data
.Middleware Layer: Here, data is processed, managed, and stored. It acts as
the bridge between the hardware and application layers
.Application Layer: This layer delivers the IoT services to the users,
translating processed data into actionable insights
.Business Layer: This layer manages the entire IoT system, including
applications, business and user interactions, and services.
4) Key Technologies Driving IoT: Sensors, Connectivity,
and Cloud Computin
7. III. Components of IoT
There are four main components based on which an internet of
things ecosystem works on.They are required for end to end
implementation of Iot.
a. Sensors/devices
b. Connectivity
c. Data processed
d. User Interface
8. a. Sensors
A sensor is a device that measures physical input from
its environment and converts it into data that can be
interpreted by computer.
9. b. Connectivity
Several communication protocols and used
Technology used in Iot
Depending upon Range ,power usage,cost, data rate
ex: mobiles, Bluetooth, Wi-fi etc.
10. c. Data processing
In the processing stage, a computer transforms the raw
data into information.
The transformation is carried out by using different data
manipulation techniques
It could be classifying the data or do real time analytics
and identify patterns for human analysis
11. d. User Interface
The information processed is made available to the end-user
in some way, like an app which can trigger alarm or send them
notification through email or text message.
It might provide the user with actual live feed or show trends
etc.
12. A.Applications of IOT
In the field of health care
In the field of agriculture
To make our houses and buildings SMART
In the field of education
13. Another application of IOT is Smart
City
India’s SMART City Mission is to promote sustainable
and inclusive cities that provide core infrastructure
and give a decent quality of life to its citizens, a clean
and sustainable environment and application of
‘Smart’ Solutions.
India’s SMART city mission included 100 cities and
the success of its implementation will ripple down to
many more cities.
15. B. Advantages of IOT
Minimize human effort and save time
Lead to more automation and technical optimization
Help us to reduce waste and use our natural resources effectively
16. C. Disadvantages of IOT
Security of confidential Data is a key concern
Can lead to various types of network attacks
Maintaining privacy is a challenge
17. III. Conclusion
IoT is trying to revolutionize the world. It is creating a giant
network where all the devices are connected to each other. This is
driving the automation to a next level where devices will
communicate with each other and make decisions on their own
making human life easier.
