International Newspaper Digitization:ALA Newspaper Interest Group
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This document summarizes newspaper digitization efforts abroad. It discusses common file formats, software, and scale of efforts. For example, the National Library of Australia has scanned over 2 million pages and made 450,000 pages searchable, with a goal of 4 million pages by 2010. The Bibliotheque nationale de France has digitized 2 million pages and aims for 3.5 million by 2010. Born digital newspapers are also being collected and archived in some countries. Access and copyright policies for in-copyright materials vary between institutions.
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ITU contribution to the Arkhênum conference in Montreux
Prioritizing Digitization by Marc Holtman (City Archives Amsterdam), British ...
Prioritizing Digitization by Marc Holtman (City Archives Amsterdam), British ...
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Digitization of the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum Archives
This document provides a summary of a report on a project to preserve, digitize, index and host archives from the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum in Cambodia. The project aims to spread an objective vision of history by digitizing over 400,000 pages of materials related to the Khmer Rouge regime and Tuol Sleng prison. Key aspects of the project include training museum staff, digitizing the materials to high standards, creating searchable databases and indexes, and developing a public-facing website with crowd-sourcing capabilities to engage the Cambodian people. Challenges include the fragile materials, limited local skills and equipment, and ensuring the work is done to completion within a tight timeline and budget.
2017 Born Digital Legal Deposit Policies and Practices
This document summarizes the key details and findings of a survey conducted in 2014 and 2017 on born digital legal deposit policies and practices. The 2014 survey was sent to 20 national libraries and received responses from 17 libraries. It found that legal deposit laws varied widely, with Nordic countries leading in digital content capture while many others made no provision for digital. Only 7 countries addressed deposit of born-digital content. To update the survey, the authors expanded their team in 2017 and broadened the survey reach. The document reviews 17 previous related surveys from 2005-2016 on topics like audiovisual preservation, e-legal deposit, web archiving, and digital news preservation. It provides context on the goals and questions of each prior survey.
e-Legal Deposit Survey 2017
In 2015, three of the authors (Zarndt, McCain, Carner) surveyed the born digital content legal deposit policies and practices in 18 different countries and presented the results of the survey at the 2015 International News Media Conference hosted by the National Library of Sweden in Stockholm, Sweden, April 2015.
As a first step, the authors reviewed previous surveys about legal deposit and digital preservation. The authors updated and streamlined the 2015 survey in order to assess progress in creating or improving national policies and in implementing practices for preserving born digital content. The current survey consists of as many as 20 questions; which questions are asked depends on the respondent’s previous answers.
More than 50 countries and states in Australia, Germany and USA, participated in the survey. The survey closed at the end of November 2017. The authors expect to repeat the survey periodically in order to assess progress in developing born digital legal policy and implementing the policy in practice.
Project Management according to Great Pumpkin Principles
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What did you say? interculture communication [20160308 phnom penh]
The single biggest problem in communication is the illusion it has taken place. George Bernard Shaw, Irish playwright, co-founder of London School of Economics, and Nobel Prize in Literature (1925).
Projects are about communication, communication, and communication. B. Elenbass in "Staging a project: Are you setting your project up for success?"
What one says to compatriots in face-to-face conversation is often misunderstood; imagine the possibilities for misunderstandings with someone from halfway around the world, natively speaking another language, and living in a different culture! In such circumstances how can you be sure that your collocutor has understood you in face-to-face (hard), telephone (harder), and email (hardest) conversations? Without being fully present in the conversation -- mindfully aware -- whether it's face-to-face, by Skype or phone, or through email, successful communication is difficult, even more so for intercultural communication.
The ubiquity of English facilitates basic communication, but its use as a common language frequently disguises cultural differences. Furthermore, to say that English (or any other language) can be ambiguous, is an understatement. But regardless of language, clear communication is essential for success in any collaborative undertaking whether done by a small co-located group or by a globally dispersed team.
This tutorial teaches mindful communication and describes frameworks useful in understanding cultural differences and gives real-life examples of misunderstandings due to such differences. Expect to take away practical tools to understand your own cultural biases and in-class practice mindful communication with your colleagues from other cultures as well as your own. You will also learn about frameworks for understanding other cultures based on work by Geert Hofstede, Fons Trompenaars, and others as well as on the presenter's own experiences.
Coronado public library digital newspapers workshop local partnerships [oct 2...
Using digitized historical newspapers for genealogical research
Brian Geiger, California Digital Newspaper Collection
Frederick Zarndt, IFLA Governing Board
1. Introductory remarks: Who we are; focus on freely available collections and especially those that allow researchers to create accounts; numerous sites they can pay to access but we won’t spend much time on them
2. Only small percentage of surviving newspapers have been digitized
3. How newspapers are digitized. Focusing especially on OCR, if it’s not OCR’ed well it’s not discoverable
4. How Coronado newspapers were digitized. CDNC’s work with the public library, Coronado Public Library’s work with the publisher, the process of scanning the film and processing the images, etc.
5. Free vs. Pay. 2 kinds of digitized newspaper archives: 1) publicly funded and available for free, 2) commercial sites you pay to access. Dozens or even hundreds of public sites, from small institutional to national.
6. Google won’t always get you what you want
7. Basic search using Elephind: What elephind is. Search “Abraham Lincoln” and explain what they see. Described “facets”
8. CDNC advanced search
9. Collecting What You Find: Right-click features in the CDNC
10. Collecting What You Find: CDNC user accounts
11. Interacting with Content: CDNC
12. Interacting with Content: Tagging and commenting in CDNC
Coronado public library digital newspapers workshop [Oct 2016]
Using digitized historical newspapers for genealogical research
Brian Geiger, California Digital Newspaper Collection
Frederick Zarndt, IFLA Governing Board
1. Introductory remarks: Who we are; focus on freely available collections and especially those that allow researchers to create accounts; numerous sites they can pay to access but we won’t spend much time on them
2. Only small percentage of surviving newspapers have been digitized
3. How newspapers are digitized. Focusing especially on OCR, if it’s not OCR’ed well it’s not discoverable
4. How Coronado newspapers were digitized. CDNC’s work with the public library, Coronado Public Library’s work with the publisher, the process of scanning the film and processing the images, etc.
5. Free vs. Pay. 2 kinds of digitized newspaper archives: 1) publicly funded and available for free, 2) commercial sites you pay to access. Dozens or even hundreds of public sites, from small institutional to national.
6. Google won’t always get you what you want
7. Basic search using Elephind: What elephind is. Search “Abraham Lincoln” and explain what they see. Described “facets”
8. CDNC advanced search
9. Collecting What You Find: Right-click features in the CDNC
10. Collecting What You Find: CDNC user accounts
11. Interacting with Content: CDNC
12. Interacting with Content: Tagging and commenting in CDNC
What did you say? mindful interculture communication [201608 icgse]
The single biggest problem in communication is the illusion it has taken place. George Bernard Shaw, Irish playwright, co-founder of London School of Economics, and Nobel Prize in Literature (1925).
Projects are about communication, communication, and communication. B. Elenbass in "Staging a project: Are you setting your project up for success?"
What one says to compatriots in face-to-face conversation is often misunderstood; imagine the possibilities for misunderstandings with someone from halfway around the world, natively speaking another language, and living in a different culture! In such circumstances how can you be sure that your collocutor has understood you in face-to-face (hard), telephone (harder), and email (hardest) conversations? Without being fully present in the conversation -- mindfully aware -- whether it's face-to-face, by Skype or phone, or through email, successful communication is difficult, even more so for intercultural communication.
The ubiquity of English facilitates basic communication, but its use as a common language frequently disguises cultural differences. Furthermore, to say that English (or any other language) can be ambiguous, is an understatement. But regardless of language, clear communication is essential for success in any collaborative undertaking whether done by a small co-located group or by a globally dispersed team.
This tutorial teaches mindful communication and describes frameworks useful in understanding cultural differences and gives real-life examples of misunderstandings due to such differences. Expect to take away practical tools to understand your own cultural biases and in-class practice mindful communication with your colleagues from other cultures as well as your own. You will also learn about frameworks for understanding other cultures based on work by Geert Hofstede, Fons Trompenaars, and others as well as on the presenter's own experiences.
Here Today, Gone within a Month: The Fleeting Life of Digital News
In 1989 on the shores of Montana’s beautiful Flathead Lake, the owners of the weekly newspaper the Bigfork Eagle started TownNews.com to help community newspapers with developing technology. TownNews.com has since evolved into an integrated digital publishing and content management system used by more than 1600 newspaper, broadcast, magazine, and web-native publications in North America. TownNews.com is now headquartered on the banks of the mighty Mississippi river in Moline Illinois.
Not long ago Marc Wilson, CEO of TownNews.com, noticed that of the 220,000+ e-edition pages posted on behalf of its customers at the beginning of the month, 210,000 were deleted by month’s end.
What? The front page story about a local business being sold to an international corporation that I read online September 1 will be gone by September 30? As well as the story about my daughter’s 1st place finish in the district field and track meet?
A 2014 national survey by the Reynolds Journalism Institute (RJI) of 70 digital-only and 406 hybrid (digital and print) newspapers conclusively showed that newspaper publishers also do not maintain archives of the content they produce. RJI found a dismal 12% of the “hybrid” newspapers reported even backing up their digital news content and fully 20% of the “digital-only” newspapers reported that they are backing up none of their content. Educopia Institute’s 2012 and 2015 surveys with newspapers and libraries concur, and further demonstrate that the longstanding partner to the newspaper—the library—likewise is neither collecting nor preserving this digital content.
This leaves us with a bitter irony, that today, one can find stories published prior to 1922 in the Library of Congress’s Chronicling America and other digitized, out-of-copyright newspaper collections but cannot, and never will be able to, read a story published online less than a month ago.
In this paper we look at how much news is published online that is never published in print or on more permanent media. We estimate how much online news is or will soon be forever lost because no one preserves it: not publishers, not libraries, not content management systems, and not the Internet Archive. We delve into some of the reasons why this content is not yet preserved, and we examine the persistent challenges of digital preservation and of digital curation of this content type. We then suggest a pathway forward, via some initial steps that journalists, producers, legislators, libraries, distributors, and readers may each take to begin to rectify this historical loss going forward.
Here Today, Gone within a Month: The Fleeting Life of Digital News
This document discusses the fleeting lifespan of digital news content. It notes that TownNews.com, which hosts digital content for over 1600 publications, found that 210,000 of the 220,000 digital news pages from the beginning of a month were deleted by the end of the month. Surveys have shown that few digital news producers actively preserve their content, with only 12% of hybrid print-digital newspapers backing up content and 20% of digital-only newspapers backing no content up at all. As a result, much recent digital news content is lost to researchers and the historical record. The document examines challenges to preserving born-digital news and suggests stakeholders like journalists, legislators, libraries and readers should take initial steps to address this problem
An international survey of born digital legal deposit policies and practices ...
That news publication has changed dramatically since the advent of the Internet and the Web is no news to anyone. There are many examples of established news organizations that have either stopped printing newspapers or shifted to publishing news on websites or through social media such as Facebook and Twitter. There are even more examples of new news organizations that have never printed news on paper and are digital only.
To the authors’ knowledge, every country has one or more legal deposit organizations tasked with preserving news for future generations. Legal deposit laws in some countries have been amended to include news that may never be instantiated on paper (born digital news). However, legal deposit laws are by no means universally amended and, even when such amendments have been made, their embodiment in practice varies widely.
As a follow-on to the paper Missing links: The digital news preservation discontinuity (http://www.ifla.org/node/8933) presented in August 2014 at IFLA News Media section satellite conference at the ITU Library in Geneva, Switzerland, the authors have surveyed cultural heritage organizations (libraries) around the world about their respective national born digital legal deposit policies and practices. We share the survey results and consider the ramifications of inadequate born digital news preservation policies and practice to future generations.
An international survey of born digital legal deposit policies and practices ...
That news publication has changed dramatically since the advent of the Internet and the Web is no news to anyone. There are many examples of established news organizations that have either stopped printing newspapers or shifted to publishing news on websites or through social media such as Facebook and Twitter. There are even more examples of new news organizations that have never printed news on paper and are digital only.
To the authors’ knowledge, every country has one or more legal deposit organizations tasked with preserving news for future generations. Legal deposit laws in some countries have been amended to include news that may never be instantiated on paper (born digital news). However, legal deposit laws are by no means universally amended and, even when such amendments have been made, their embodiment in practice varies widely.
As a follow-on to the paper Missing links: The digital news preservation discontinuity (http://www.ifla.org/node/8933) presented in August 2014 at IFLA News Media section satellite conference at the ITU Library in Geneva, Switzerland, the authors have surveyed cultural heritage organizations (libraries) around the world about their respective national born digital legal deposit policies and practices. We share the survey results and consider the ramifications of inadequate born digital news preservation policies and practice to future generations.
Rootstech 2015 finding and using digitized historical newspapers workshop [20...
Slides from the "Finding and Using Digitized Historical Newspapers for Your Research" workshop at RootsTech 2015.
What did you say? Intercultural expectations, misunderstandings, and communic...
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20140628 crowdsourcing, family history, and long tails for libraries [ala ann...
In all of its many flavors, crowdsourcing works. It works for cultural heritage organizations too. During this presentation we look at various aspects of crowdsourced OCR text correction, commenting, and tagging for digitized historical newspapers at the National Library of Australia’s Trove, the California Digital Newspaper Collection (CDNC), and at the Cambridge Public Library in Cambridge Massachusetts as well as the astounding number of historical birth, death, marriage, census, and other records transcribed by “crowd” volunteers at Family Search. Some aspects include: demographics, experiences, motivation, quality, preferred data, economics and marketing. You will see that crowd sourcing is not only feasible but also practical and desirable. You will wonder why your own cultural heritage organization hasn't begun its own crowdsourcing project!
20131019 digital collections - if you build them will anyone visit [library 2...
This document discusses digital historical newspaper collections in libraries and their visibility on the internet. It finds that while libraries spend significant resources digitizing collections, the collections receive little internet traffic and have poor search engine results. Some key points made include:
- Historical newspaper collections are among the most used collections in libraries with digital texts but receive low percentages of overall website traffic.
- Searching sample collections for information on the Gallipoli campaign yields few or no results from the library collections in the first 100 Google/Google News search results.
- Simple changes like adding XML sitemaps and adjusting robots.txt files can significantly increase search engine indexing and traffic for digital collections.
20130903 what did you say? interculture communication [hamburg]
This document discusses intercultural communication and misunderstandings. It provides quotes and principles about the importance of effective communication to build understanding between people from different cultures and avoid assumptions. It notes that a lack of communication or poor communication can lead to more assumptions and misunderstandings.
201308 wlic standards committee zarndt et al the alto editorial board collabo...
The document provides information about the ALTO Editorial Board, which maintains the ALTO (Analyzed Layout and Text Object) XML standard for describing page layout and content metadata. The board was established in 2009 and is comprised of members from libraries and organizations around the world. The board aims to promote ALTO usage and ensure the standard evolves to meet emerging needs. Meeting agendas, procedures, and examples of board members' motivations for participation are presented.
201308 wlic standards committee zarndt et al the alto editorial board collabo...
The document summarizes the history and operations of the ALTO Editorial Board. It describes ALTO as an XML standard for describing text layout in digitized documents. The board has an international membership representing major libraries. It meets regularly to review proposals to update the ALTO standard. The board follows a standardized process for submitting and reviewing proposals, with a designated member championing each proposal. It aims to balance functionality improvements with backward compatibility for digital library systems using ALTO.
2013 ifla satellite zarndt et al [marketing cultural heritage digital collect...
This document discusses digital newspaper collections held by various libraries and the challenges of getting these collections discovered through search engines. It provides data on the size and date ranges of different newspaper collections, then analyzes the results of searching for articles on the Gallipoli Campaign from 1915-1916 across the collections and major search engines. It finds that none of the library collection articles show up in the first 100 search results, despite holding relevant articles, and attributes this to libraries not optimizing their websites and collections for search engines through things like sitemaps and robots.txt files. The document advocates for libraries to spend more on promoting, presenting and optimizing their digital collections for search visibility.
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Digitization of the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum Archives
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What did you say? interculture communication [20160308 phnom penh]
What did you say? interculture communication [20160308 phnom penh]
Coronado public library digital newspapers workshop local partnerships [oct 2...
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An international survey of born digital legal deposit policies and practices ...
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Rootstech 2015 finding and using digitized historical newspapers workshop [20...
Rootstech 2015 finding and using digitized historical newspapers workshop [20...
What did you say? Intercultural expectations, misunderstandings, and communic...
What did you say? Intercultural expectations, misunderstandings, and communic...
20140628 crowdsourcing, family history, and long tails for libraries [ala ann...
20140628 crowdsourcing, family history, and long tails for libraries [ala ann...
20131019 digital collections - if you build them will anyone visit [library 2...
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20130903 what did you say? interculture communication [hamburg]
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201308 wlic standards committee zarndt et al the alto editorial board collabo...
201308 wlic standards committee zarndt et al the alto editorial board collabo...
201308 wlic standards committee zarndt et al the alto editorial board collabo...
201308 wlic standards committee zarndt et al the alto editorial board collabo...
2013 ifla satellite zarndt et al [marketing cultural heritage digital collect...
2013 ifla satellite zarndt et al [marketing cultural heritage digital collect...
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
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Chapter 6
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Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
International Newspaper Digitization:ALA Newspaper Interest Group
- 1. What’s happening with newspaper digitization abroad? Frederick Zarndt Planman Consulting Inc
- 3. Images
- 4. Grayscale and bi-tonal TIFF
- 5. Increasing use of JPEG2000 as preservation images and especially as delivery images
- 6. Bit-depth: Grayscale versus bi-tonal
- 8. National Library of Australia: In-house custom-built http://ndpbeta.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/home
- 9. New Zealand National Library: Customized Greenstonehttp://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast
- 10. Singapore National Library Board: Customized Greenstone http://newspapers.nl.sg/
- 13. 450,000 pages OCR’d and available
- 14. 4,000,000 pages planned by 2010
- 15. New Zealand National Library
- 17. 200,000 to 250,000 pages per year planned for next 3 years
- 22. 1,000,000 pages planned in near future
- 24. 8,000,000 pages over 4 years
- 25. Singapore National Library Board
- 26. 2,000,000+ pages completed in 2 phases
- 28. Singapore National Library Board
- 30. National Library of Finland
- 31. British Library
- 32. Born digital newspapers archived and access provided
- 34. News source: SPH, AP, Reuters
- 35. Access policy
- 36. Issue
- 37. Article
- 40. ? Frederick Zarndt President, Planman Consulting, Inc frederick.zarndt@planmanconsulting.com +1.801.361.3204