1. 1
Prepared by:
Mr.R.Arun Kumar & Mr.M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian
Assistant Professors /Department of Mechanical Engineering
Ramco Institute of Technology, Rajapalayam, Tamil Nadu
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND ITS TYPES : IN INDIAN
CONTEXT
Source:
https://www.brainkart.com/arti
cle/Intellectual-Property-Right-
(IPR)_38256/
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
2. The contents used in the presentation is completely for
educational purpose. The images /logos /brand names used
in the content is demonstrated only for understanding and
not to promote or demote any brands. 2
Source: http://www.pngall.com/disclaimer-symbol-png
Source: https://www.dyroohealthcare.com/disclaimer-2/
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
3. AGENDA FOR THE WEBINAR:
Day 1:
What is Intellectual Property?
Need of Intellectual Property?
Types of Intellectual Property?
Patents & its criteria
Other forms of IP Rights
Source:
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-06619-3
3
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
4. INTRODUCTION TO IPR:
The word Property is always closely associated with society.
Properties always gives an unique identity to an individual as
well as organization.
Source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taj_Mahal
Source:
https://powerselvakumar.blogspot.com/2017/ 08/the-
great-thanjavur-periya-kovil-main.html 4
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
5. INTRODUCTION TO IPR:
Economic theory says that the value of a property depends on the
gap between demand and supply.
This is also applicable to intangible properties as well.
Source: https://giphy.com/stickers/cute-fun-3oFzmsC4hj2UCetUZy
Onion Theft.mp4
5
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
6. WHAT IS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY?
A property which is ideated and developed from human intellect
is called ‘Intellectual Property’
These properties can be in various forms which includes books,
artistic works, inventions.
Source: https://tenor.com/search/i-have-an-idea-gifs
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R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
7. WHAT IS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS?
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) helps an individual or an
organization to protect applications of ideas and
information that are of commercial value.
Source: http://www.orblock.com/
7
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
8. WHAT IS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS?
IPR in legal sense facilitates the inventor to own, sell, lease
or license a property which is generated from one’s intellect.
8
Source: https://giphy.com/gifs/andersonpaak-money-bills-1APhDggUPlkRdK5w1n
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
9. N E E D FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS:
Prevents infringement by competitors
Gives complete rights to the inventor legally
Minimizes needless investment in R&D
Improves the Innovation index of a country
Helps the inventor to provide licensing agreement to others
Gives monetary benefits to the inventor
9
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
10. N E E D FOR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS:
Global Innovation Index, 2020
Source: World Intellectual Property Organization
Country
Score
(out of 100)
Global Rank
Switzerland 66.08 1
Singapore 56.61 8
Republic of Korea 56.11 10
Hong Kong 54.24 11
China 53.28 14
Japan 52.70 16
Malaysia 42.42 33
UAE 41.79 34
Vietnam 37.12 42
Thailand 36.68 44
India 35.59 48
10
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
11. TYPES OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS:
Patents
Trade Marks
Copyrights
Industrial Designs
Geographical Indications
Trade Secrets
Integrated Circuits 11
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
12. PATENTS:
Patent is a type of IPR in a documentary form that gives the
Patentee, sole right to make, use or sell an invention and
preventing others from infringement.
Patents are granted to inventions which is either product or
process. Or a patent is a right granted for any product or
process which is new, inventive, useful and applicable.
Source:
U S Patent No.: 7,631,443 – Wheeled
Shovel with Hinge Apparatus
12
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
14. PATENTS:
First Patent in World:
The first recorded patent for an industrial invention was
granted in 1421 in Florence, Italy to the architect and
engineer Filippo Brunelleschi as a 3 year monopoly. ‘Barge with
hoisting gear used to transport marble’.
Source: https://www.britannica.com/topic/patent
14
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
15. PATENTS:
First Patent in India:
On March 3, 1856, George Alfred DePenning, a civil engineer,
of Calcutta petitioned for grant of exclusive privileges for his
invention – ‘An Efficient Punkah Pulling Machine’.
Source:
https://aadityapatil.wordpress.com/2015/06/23/the-first-
indian-patent-an-efficient-punkah-pulling-machine/
Source:
https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Punkah
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R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
16. PATENTS:
First Patent in India:
Source:
https://aadityapatil.wordpress.com/2015/06/23/the-first-indian-patent-an-efficient-punkah-pulling-machine/
16
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
18. PATENTS:
Criteria for Patent Grant:
For an invention to be patented, it has to
conditions:
satisfy three
Novel
Inventive
Step
Industrial
Applicability
Source:
https://industryleaders.com.au/functions-events-photo-
gallery/ilfsn-cocktail-function-4-february-2019/
18
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
19. PATENTS:
Criteria for Patent Grant:
1. Novelty:
The invention must not exist or it must be new and unknown
to the public
Modified uses of existing processes, machines and composition
of matters or materials are also patentable.
Gem Clip
Source:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:Clip.jpg
Binder Clip
Source:
https://www.ontimesupplies.com/nsn285
5995-nsn2855995-binder-clip-large-
black-silver-dozen.html
19
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
20. PATENTS:
Criteria for Patent Grant:
2. Inventive Step:
Non – obvious /inventive step means there should not be a
mere improvement from prior state of art.
20
Source:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clip#/media/
Archivo:Wanzijia.jpg
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
21. PATENTS:
Criteria for Patent Grant:
3. Industrial Applicability:
Ability to manufacture.
Source: https://time.com/4572079/best-inventions-2016/
21
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
28. PATENTS:
A Quick questionnaire – Eligible for patent?
A method for treatment of cancer?
No
Polyurethane foam coated with silver nano particles?
Yes
A micro-organism existing in nature?
No
Automated transmission system for an automobile?
Yes
Mobile Phone with a Stethoscope?
Yes
An improved cricket ball throwing machine?
Yes
Law of gravity
No
28
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
29. PATENT IS NOT A BIG DEAL:
Note: 90% of the patents are for improvements to existing patented
inventions.
E.g.: Cricket helmet (Stem Guard by Masuri Group Ltd., England)
Source
https://imgur.com/gall
ery/7tBr4Mh
Source
https://www.express.co.uk/
sport/cricket/540629/Phil-
Hughes-death-cricket
29
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
30. PATENT IS NOT A BIG DEAL:
Note: 90% of the patents are for improvements to existing patented
inventions.
E.g.: Cricket helmet (Stem Guard by Masuri Group Ltd., England)
Source
https://www.lawinsport.com/topics/item/protecting-a-new-protective-cricket-helmet-an-ip-case-study
30
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
31. COPYRIGHTS:
Copyright is a bundle of exclusive rights granted by law to the
creators to do or authorize the doing of certain acts with regard
to their creations.
In simple words copyrights enables a creator to protect his/her
creative works of written word, art, music, TV/film, software code,
etc.
Copyright is a kind of protection against unauthorized use of
one’s work.
31
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
38. TRADE MARK:
A trademark is a sign capable of distinguishing the goods or
services of one enterprise from those of other enterprises.
Trademark is registered for 10 years and can be perpetually
renewed.
38
Source
https://www.googleimages.com
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
39. TRADE MARK:
Difference between ™ & ®:
Example for ™
Source
https://www.medianews4u.com/delhi-offices-lowe-lintas-
linteractive-bag-new-biz-mandate-india-gate-basmati-rice/
Example for ®
Source
https://www.earnieland.com/en-BE/shop/nike
40. TRADE MARK:
Product name or brand name?
Vanaspathi
Source:
https://www.technobuffalo.com/best-baby-diapers
Source:
https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/dalda-
vanaspati-20399164955.html
40
Diaper
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
41. TRADE MARK:
Product name or brand name?
Backhoe loader
Source:
https://gfycat.com/conventionalw
astefulisabellinewheatear
Source:
https://gfycat.com/apprehensiveconcretegorilla 41
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
42. DES IGN REGISTRATION:
A design patent covers the aesthetic look of a product i.e.:
ornamental shape or surface treatment of a product.
The look need not to have functional application.
Source
http://gallery.wacom.com/gallery/54247849/FA
NTA-Something-twisted-is-coming
Source
https://tenor.com/view/pepsi-gif-8178426
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R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
43. DES IGN REGISTRATION:
Coke Friendly Twist
Source: http://onapi.gob.do/index.php/invenciones/disenos
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R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
44. DES IGN REGISTRATION:
Identify the brand name
44
Source: https://www.flipkart.com/indulekha-bringha-selfie-bottle-hair-oil/p/itmf3jyqkr3gxnrd
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
45. DES IGN REGISTRATION:
Identify the brand name
Source: https://www.snapdeal.com/product/reynolds-white-ball-pen/652388893938
Source: https://tradevistas.org/pencils-still-teaching-us-lessons-about-trade/
Source: http://www.ayyanarenterprises.in/?product=natraj-pencil
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R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
46. PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION:
A new plant variety, irrespective of reproduction method can
also be filed under utility patent. IPR law in India paves a way
to protect plant varieties through manipulation of seeds only.
Source: https://giphy.com/gifs/pretty-flower-blossom-8EvcxIrfrz3TG
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R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
47. PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION:
Source: https://pnghunter.com/png/monsanto-logo/
E.g.: BT Cotton by Monsanto Ltd. to resist plant from bollworms.
Source:
https://gfycat.com/conventionalappropriatedormo
use-caterpillar
Source
https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/hybri
d-cotton-seeds-bollgard-ii-18679348291.html
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R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
48. GEOGRAPH IC AL INDICATIONS:
Source
https://vajiramias.com/current-affairs/gi-tag-not-extendable-to-unrelated-
business/5c5a9fde1d5def7a8626abd2/
48
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
49. GEOGRAPH IC AL INDICATIONS:
A geographical indication (GI) is a tag used on commodities
which have a specific geographical origin and possess
unique qualities or a reputation corresponding to the place of
origin. Has indefinite validity with renewal for every 10 years.
Source
https://krishijagran.com/news/list-of-state-wise-gi-tagged-products-in-india/
49
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
50. GEOGRAPH IC AL INDICATIONS:
Who can register?
Any association of persons or producers
Any Organization/authority established under law which
represent the interests of the producers of the concerned goods.
50
Source: https://dotnetwebs.in/tamilnadu-handlooms-and-textiles-recruitment-2019/
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
51. GEOGRAPH IC AL INDICATIONS:
Types of GI:
Agricultural products
Manufactured commodities
Handicraft works
Natural and food stuffs
51
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
52. GEOGRAPH IC AL INDICATIONS:
First GI of India: 2004 – Agricultural
Source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darjeeling_tea#/media/
File:Darjeeling_tea_Logo.png
52
Source: http://ipindiaservices.gov.in
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
53. GEOGRAPH IC AL INDICATIONS:
First GI of Tamil Nadu: 2004 – Salem fabric – Handicraft
Source:
http://www.esuppliersindia.com/guru-ragavendra-
textiles/checks-woven-fabric-pr1056448-sFP-
swf.html
53
Source: http://ipindiaservices.gov.in
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
54. GEOGRAPH IC AL INDICATIONS:
Other remarkable GI’s of India: Madurai Malli
Source:
http://ipindiaservices.gov.in/GirPublic/Application/Details/238
54
Source: https://alchetron.com/Madurai
Source: http://ipindiaservices.gov.in
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
55. GEOGRAPH IC AL INDICATIONS:
Recent GI of India: Kovilpatti Kadalai Mittai
Source:
https://www.villagesnacks.com/product/kovilpatti-
kadalai-mittai-online/
55
Source: http://ipindiaservices.gov.in
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT
56. R E F E R E NC E S :
V. Scople Vinod, Managing Intellectual Property, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, 2012.
S.V. Satarkar, Intellectual Property Rights and Copy Rights, Ess Ess Publications, New
Delhi, 2002.
https://www.greyb.com/patent-databases-best-search-platforms/
https://ocpatentlawyer.com/patents-make-money/
http://www.ipindia.nic.in/manual-patents.htm
56
Source: https://gifimage.net/thank-you-any-questions-gif-3/
R.Arun Kumar, AP/Mech & M.Santhana Maruthu Pandian AP/Mech, RIT