The document is a student project on Roman houses in Hispania for a 1st year social sciences class. It includes summaries of different types of Roman housing structures like the castrum (military camp), domus (family home), urban villa, and insulae (apartment buildings). It also provides images and diagrams to illustrate each housing type. The project was completed by three students, Clara Puerto Sánchez, Clara González Guerrero, and Jenny Collar Lago, as part of a methodology involving group work, research, and creating a PowerPoint presentation to share their findings with the class.
Feudalism emerged in Europe in the 9th century after the fall of the Carolingian Empire. Kings granted lands and authority to nobles in exchange for military support. This led to the rise of a feudal system where society was divided into estates. Nobles received fiefs divided into demesne and holdings. Peasants lived on these lands and paid rents and taxes. Feudal relationships were based on oaths of loyalty between lords and vassals. Feudalism shaped politics, society, and the arts during the Middle Ages in Europe.
The document summarizes the early history of sea power in Western civilization. It describes how Crete was the first to use sea power to dominate its neighbors and control major sea routes in the Mediterranean from 2500-1200 BC. It then discusses the Phoenicians' use of sea power from 2000-300 BC to establish ports and trade networks throughout the Mediterranean and carry wealth and their alphabet across Europe and Asia. Finally, it highlights the pivotal Battle of Salamis in 480 BC, in which the outnumbered Greek fleet destroyed the Persian fleet, turning the tide of the Persian invasion of Greece.
A preview of The Romans Book... a PDF eBook that shares child-friendly information about this exciting period in history.
Perfect for using in the classroom, this eBook and accompanying teaching resources are available from www.teachingpacks.co.uk
The document provides an overview of Spanish territories in ancient times, beginning with the Indo-European invasions in the first half of the 1st millennium BC. It then discusses the various colonizers like the Phoenicians, Greeks, and Carthaginians who established colonies along the coast. In the second half of the 1st millennium BC, the Iberian and Celtic tribes emerged as the main pre-Roman peoples. The Roman conquest of Hispania began in 218 BC during the Second Punic War and lasted over 200 years. Under Roman rule, Hispania was divided into provinces and cities developed with Roman architecture, culture, and religion.
His 101 chapter 5 6 pax romana & transformation of roman empire spring 2013dcyw1112
The document summarizes key aspects of early Roman government and society from the establishment of the Roman Republic around 500 BCE through the Punic Wars. It notes that Rome transitioned from a monarchy to a republic with two consuls and an advisory Senate. It then discusses the Latin War and rights granted to conquered Latins, as well as the social stratification of Rome into patricians, plebeians, and equestrians. The document focuses on the three Punic Wars between Rome and Carthage, including Hannibal's invasion of Italy and the decisive Roman victories that established Rome as the dominant power in the Mediterranean world.
The Iberian Peninsula was inhabited by various pre-Roman peoples like the Iberians, Celts, and Tartessians. It was later colonized by Phoenicians, Greeks, and Carthaginians who established colonies along the Mediterranean coast. The Romans conquered the region over 200 years, dividing it into provinces. Though resistance continued in the north, Roman culture gradually spread. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Germanic tribes like the Suebi and Visigoths invaded and established kingdoms in the 5th century AD. The Visigoths eventually dominated most of the Peninsula before the Muslim conquest in 711 AD.
Al-Andalus was a major cultural center during the Middle Ages, with the Caliphate of Cordoba producing important scholars like Ibn Hazm and Abulcasis. Muslim art developed in Al-Andalus, known as Andalusí art, with major works including the Mosque of Cordoba, the Alhambra palace complex in Granada, and the Medina Azahara palace outside Cordoba built by Caliph Abd ar-Rahman III. This art incorporated elements of Greek classical culture transmitted through Al-Andalus and featured decorative styles using tiles, stucco, and woodwork.
During the Medieval period in Europe from 500-1400 AD:
1. The fall of the Western Roman Empire led to disruption of trade, the downfall of cities, and a population shift to the countryside as people turned to the Church for stability and order.
2. Feudalism and the manorial system provided a social and economic structure where lords granted land to vassals who provided military and labor services in return.
3. The Crusades were a series of religious wars called by the Pope starting in 1095 in response to Muslim conquests. They temporarily resulted in Christian control of Jerusalem but ultimately failed to retain the Holy Land.
Feudalism emerged in Europe in the 9th century after the fall of the Carolingian Empire. Kings granted lands and authority to nobles in exchange for military support. This led to the rise of a feudal system where society was divided into estates. Nobles received fiefs divided into demesne and holdings. Peasants lived on these lands and paid rents and taxes. Feudal relationships were based on oaths of loyalty between lords and vassals. Feudalism shaped politics, society, and the arts during the Middle Ages in Europe.
The document summarizes the early history of sea power in Western civilization. It describes how Crete was the first to use sea power to dominate its neighbors and control major sea routes in the Mediterranean from 2500-1200 BC. It then discusses the Phoenicians' use of sea power from 2000-300 BC to establish ports and trade networks throughout the Mediterranean and carry wealth and their alphabet across Europe and Asia. Finally, it highlights the pivotal Battle of Salamis in 480 BC, in which the outnumbered Greek fleet destroyed the Persian fleet, turning the tide of the Persian invasion of Greece.
A preview of The Romans Book... a PDF eBook that shares child-friendly information about this exciting period in history.
Perfect for using in the classroom, this eBook and accompanying teaching resources are available from www.teachingpacks.co.uk
The document provides an overview of Spanish territories in ancient times, beginning with the Indo-European invasions in the first half of the 1st millennium BC. It then discusses the various colonizers like the Phoenicians, Greeks, and Carthaginians who established colonies along the coast. In the second half of the 1st millennium BC, the Iberian and Celtic tribes emerged as the main pre-Roman peoples. The Roman conquest of Hispania began in 218 BC during the Second Punic War and lasted over 200 years. Under Roman rule, Hispania was divided into provinces and cities developed with Roman architecture, culture, and religion.
His 101 chapter 5 6 pax romana & transformation of roman empire spring 2013dcyw1112
The document summarizes key aspects of early Roman government and society from the establishment of the Roman Republic around 500 BCE through the Punic Wars. It notes that Rome transitioned from a monarchy to a republic with two consuls and an advisory Senate. It then discusses the Latin War and rights granted to conquered Latins, as well as the social stratification of Rome into patricians, plebeians, and equestrians. The document focuses on the three Punic Wars between Rome and Carthage, including Hannibal's invasion of Italy and the decisive Roman victories that established Rome as the dominant power in the Mediterranean world.
The Iberian Peninsula was inhabited by various pre-Roman peoples like the Iberians, Celts, and Tartessians. It was later colonized by Phoenicians, Greeks, and Carthaginians who established colonies along the Mediterranean coast. The Romans conquered the region over 200 years, dividing it into provinces. Though resistance continued in the north, Roman culture gradually spread. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Germanic tribes like the Suebi and Visigoths invaded and established kingdoms in the 5th century AD. The Visigoths eventually dominated most of the Peninsula before the Muslim conquest in 711 AD.
Al-Andalus was a major cultural center during the Middle Ages, with the Caliphate of Cordoba producing important scholars like Ibn Hazm and Abulcasis. Muslim art developed in Al-Andalus, known as Andalusí art, with major works including the Mosque of Cordoba, the Alhambra palace complex in Granada, and the Medina Azahara palace outside Cordoba built by Caliph Abd ar-Rahman III. This art incorporated elements of Greek classical culture transmitted through Al-Andalus and featured decorative styles using tiles, stucco, and woodwork.
During the Medieval period in Europe from 500-1400 AD:
1. The fall of the Western Roman Empire led to disruption of trade, the downfall of cities, and a population shift to the countryside as people turned to the Church for stability and order.
2. Feudalism and the manorial system provided a social and economic structure where lords granted land to vassals who provided military and labor services in return.
3. The Crusades were a series of religious wars called by the Pope starting in 1095 in response to Muslim conquests. They temporarily resulted in Christian control of Jerusalem but ultimately failed to retain the Holy Land.
This document provides an overview of Roman art and architecture from the founding of Rome to the Early Empire period. It discusses Roman foundation myths, the origins of Rome along the Tiber River in the 8th century BCE, and the establishment of the Roman Republic in 509 BCE. Key developments included the republican period, the expansion of Roman territory through military conquests, and the transition to a Roman Empire under Augustus in 27 BCE. The document also outlines Roman artistic patronage, innovations in architecture like concrete, vaults and domes, and examples of portrait sculpture and wall paintings found in Pompeii.
Middle Ages, 2º eso, bilingual . Explicaciónj de la Edad Media y el principio y desarrollo del feudalismo, después de la caída del imperio de Carlo Magno
The Visigothic Kingdom ruled Hispania (modern Spain and Portugal) from 416 to 711. It began when the Visigoths, a Germanic people originally from Eastern Europe, were invited by the Romans to expel other barbarian groups from the Iberian Peninsula. Over time, the Visigoths established control over most of Hispania and unified the territory through religious and legal conversions in the 6th-7th centuries. However, internal conflicts and challenges to royal authority weakened the kingdom prior to its conquest by the Umayyad Caliphate in 711.
The document provides an overview of the Early Modern period from the 15th to 18th centuries. It discusses key developments including geographical discoveries that expanded Europeans' knowledge of the world, the rise of authoritarian monarchies and capitalism in Europe, and the religious crisis of the Catholic Church with the Protestant Reformation and Catholic Counter-Reformation. The period saw significant social, political, economic, and cultural changes that marked the transition to modernity.
Tiberius was the second Roman Emperor, ruling from 14 AD to 37 AD. He was known for his weird fetishes when he retired to Capri. Caligula was the third Emperor and was known for his erratic behavior. Claudius was the fourth Emperor. Nero was the fifth Emperor, originally named Lucius Domitus Ahenobarbus. He passed laws allowing him to kill opponents, was blamed for starting the Great Fire of Rome, and was eventually forced to commit suicide. After the fire, Nero built the extravagant Domus Aurea palace.
The Roman civilization was one of the largest empires of its time, spanning over 3.5 million square miles across North Western Europe and the Mediterranean Sea. At its height, the empire had an estimated population of 9 million inhabitants. The Romans differed from the Greeks in that they controlled a larger unified land area, allowing for stronger central government. The Romans were also more intent on imposing their culture fully on conquered lands, rather than establishing colonies like the Greeks. Key factors in Roman architecture included abundant building materials, the development of concrete which enabled larger structures, and adapting to different climates across the empire. Religious practices changed over time from the Etruscan period to the imperial period when Christianity grew prominent. Roman civilization had a
The document provides information on ancient Rome and the Iberian Peninsula. It discusses:
- Rome's location and chronology from the 8th century BC to 476 AD.
- The Roman Empire spanning the Mediterranean Sea.
- The inhabitants of the Iberian Peninsula, including Etruscans, Latins, and Greeks.
- The origins of Rome and the legend of Romulus and Remus.
- The transition from Monarchy to Republic to Empire forms of government.
- Roman conquests, including the Iberian Peninsula and control of the Mediterranean.
- Spartacus leading a slave revolt against the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC.
The document provides an overview of the history and society of Ancient Rome from its origins as a small settlement to the establishment of a republic and eventual transition to an empire. It discusses the early monarchy period and establishment of a republic ruled by consuls in 509 BC. It describes the struggle between patricians and plebeians and the gradual acquisition of rights and political power by the plebeian class. It also covers the agricultural economy based on slave labor, social issues around land ownership, religion, engineering practices, architecture, and art forms in Ancient Rome.
The Roman Army was made up of professional soldiers from across the Roman Empire who served for at least 25 years. Soldiers of higher ranks like centurions led groups of 80 ordinary soldiers. Centurions could punish disobedient soldiers with sticks. Roman soldiers underwent rigorous training and were expected to march long distances in armor while carrying their equipment. They fought in tight battle formations using coordinated shield tactics.
The document provides a historical overview of warfare and military developments in Europe from ancient Greece to the Ottoman Empire. It describes key innovations like the phalanx formation and significant conflicts such as the Trojan War, Peloponnesian War, and Crusades. It also covers the rise and fall of major powers across Europe and the Mediterranean like the Roman Empire, Mongol Empire, and Moorish rule in Spain.
The document provides background information on classical Rome and its foundations in democracy and republicanism. It describes the founding of Rome by Romulus and Remus, and the establishment of the Roman Republic around 509 BCE. It discusses the Second Punic War between Rome and Carthage and Hannibal's famous crossing of the Alps into Italy with war elephants. It also summarizes Rome's eventual defeat of Carthage and outlines some key events and figures in Roman history like Julius Caesar, the Roman Empire, and factors in the fall of Rome to Germanic tribes.
The document discusses several aspects of Roman society including:
1) The Roman family was patriarchal with the oldest male, the paterfamilias, having absolute power over the extended family. Women had few legal rights.
2) Slavery was widespread and essential to the Roman economy, with slaves making up as much as a third of the population and working in households, trades, agriculture, mining, and construction.
3) Religion was central to Roman government and life, with gods and goddesses associated with every aspect of society and nature. Animal sacrifice and interpreting signs from the gods guided decisions.
4) The Roman military was highly organized and effective, allowing Rome to dominate the
The document summarizes the Roman legend of Romulus and Remus, the twin founders of Rome. According to the legend, their grandfather Numitor was overthrown and their mother was made a Vestal Virgin. Mars fell in love with their mother and she gave birth to the twins. Their uncle Amulius feared they would overthrow him, so he had them placed in a trough on the Tiber River. They were rescued and raised by a she-wolf and later adopted by a shepherd. As adults, they killed Amulius and restored their grandfather to the throne, founding the city of Rome.
The document summarizes life in the Italian peninsula during Roman rule. Three groups - Etruscans, Italics, and Greeks - lived there. Rome transitioned from a monarchy to a republic to an empire between 753 BC and 476 AD. Roman society was divided into patricians, plebeians, and slaves. Famous Roman leaders included Julius Caesar and Augustus Caesar. The Roman Empire spread across the Mediterranean and introduced Latin-based languages and Roman law. However, invasions by barbarian peoples ultimately led to the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD.
Roman spectacles included theater, chariot racing, and gladiatorial games. Theater days were social events that also included religious ceremonies. The wealthy had the best seats. Chariot racing occurred at the Circus Maximus, which seated over 150,000 spectators. Races lasted about 15 minutes. Gladiatorial combats were held in amphitheaters like the Colosseum and featured fights between men and beasts. Gladiators included trained fighters like the murmillo and retiarius who fought with specific weapons and armor. The games were very popular but also faced criticism for their brutality.
1) The document discusses the origins and myths surrounding the founding of Rome, including the stories of Aeneas, Romulus and Remus, and the actual historical origins as a city founded by the Latin people along the Tiber River in 1000 BC.
2) It then covers the rise of the Roman Republic and the struggles between the patrician and plebeian classes. Key aspects of the Republic such as the military, Senate, and dictators are summarized.
3) The document concludes with Rome's expansion through conquest of neighboring territories and defeat of Carthage, which allowed it to dominate the Mediterranean and eventually transition into the Roman Empire under Augustus.
This document summarizes the history of slavery across several ancient empires. It discusses how slavery was practiced in Ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, with slaves typically being prisoners of war or purchased foreigners. It also outlines the types of slaves that existed in Ancient Greece. The document then covers slavery in the Middle Ages within Islamic, Viking, and Ottoman empires. Finally, it briefly discusses slavery in modern Spain and the major slave empires, including China and Rome.
This is depicting a feudal society. The drawing shows different aspects of daily life within a castle and its surrounding lands during the Middle Ages.
CO M P E T E N C E S
A N D S U B CO M P E T E N C E S
1. Linguistic competence
1.1. Understand oral and written texts in different subject areas.
1.2. Express oneself orally and in writing in a clear, organised manner.
Ẉ Read the text and complete the sentences with the correct option.
A castle was the fortified private residence of a lord. The castle was a home as well as a stronghold. A
castle was also a community,
The Celts originally inhabited most of Central and Western Europe but were conquered by the Romans and later displaced by Germanic tribes like the Anglo-Saxons and Franks. The Anglo-Saxons invaded Britain and established small kingdoms there in the 5th-6th centuries AD, displacing the native Celtic population to the western edges. Meanwhile, the Franks established themselves in Gaul (modern France) and adopted Roman customs while converting to Christianity under King Clovis I in the 5th century AD. They were later succeeded by the Carolingian dynasty starting in the 8th century AD under Charlemagne, who went on to establish a new European empire.
This document provides an overview of ancient Rome from its founding in 753 BC to its fall in 476 AD. It discusses Roman history through a timeline, culture, environment, architecture like the Pantheon, clothing, and emperor Hadrian who rebuilt the Pantheon. The timeline notes important events and leaders. Roman culture was influenced by conquered lands and included classes of people, holidays, mythology, and gods. The environment included a Mediterranean climate with forests, mountains and pollution issues. Architecture like the Pantheon showed advanced Roman engineering skills in concrete construction.
The document discusses the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the emergence of feudalism in medieval Europe. It describes how Germanic tribes like the Goths, Vandals, and Franks invaded the declining Roman Empire beginning in the 4th century AD. These invasions contributed to the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD. After the fall, cities declined as people fled to the countryside for safety. Society became organized around manors and a feudal system developed, with kings granting land to lords in exchange for loyalty and military service. Lords then granted land to knights who protected local peasants. Charlemagne later conquered much of Western Europe and was crowned Holy Roman Emperor on Christmas Day 800,
The document provides an overview of life in medieval Europe from 500 to 1500 AD. It describes the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and the rise of feudalism and the manorial system. Key events included the growth and influence of the Catholic Church, the founding of the Holy Roman Empire by Charlemagne, the development of languages and kingdoms in Europe, and the Crusades between Christians and Muslims for control of the Holy Land. The period ended with the devastation of the Black Death pandemic in the late Middle Ages.
This document provides an overview of Roman art and architecture from the founding of Rome to the Early Empire period. It discusses Roman foundation myths, the origins of Rome along the Tiber River in the 8th century BCE, and the establishment of the Roman Republic in 509 BCE. Key developments included the republican period, the expansion of Roman territory through military conquests, and the transition to a Roman Empire under Augustus in 27 BCE. The document also outlines Roman artistic patronage, innovations in architecture like concrete, vaults and domes, and examples of portrait sculpture and wall paintings found in Pompeii.
Middle Ages, 2º eso, bilingual . Explicaciónj de la Edad Media y el principio y desarrollo del feudalismo, después de la caída del imperio de Carlo Magno
The Visigothic Kingdom ruled Hispania (modern Spain and Portugal) from 416 to 711. It began when the Visigoths, a Germanic people originally from Eastern Europe, were invited by the Romans to expel other barbarian groups from the Iberian Peninsula. Over time, the Visigoths established control over most of Hispania and unified the territory through religious and legal conversions in the 6th-7th centuries. However, internal conflicts and challenges to royal authority weakened the kingdom prior to its conquest by the Umayyad Caliphate in 711.
The document provides an overview of the Early Modern period from the 15th to 18th centuries. It discusses key developments including geographical discoveries that expanded Europeans' knowledge of the world, the rise of authoritarian monarchies and capitalism in Europe, and the religious crisis of the Catholic Church with the Protestant Reformation and Catholic Counter-Reformation. The period saw significant social, political, economic, and cultural changes that marked the transition to modernity.
Tiberius was the second Roman Emperor, ruling from 14 AD to 37 AD. He was known for his weird fetishes when he retired to Capri. Caligula was the third Emperor and was known for his erratic behavior. Claudius was the fourth Emperor. Nero was the fifth Emperor, originally named Lucius Domitus Ahenobarbus. He passed laws allowing him to kill opponents, was blamed for starting the Great Fire of Rome, and was eventually forced to commit suicide. After the fire, Nero built the extravagant Domus Aurea palace.
The Roman civilization was one of the largest empires of its time, spanning over 3.5 million square miles across North Western Europe and the Mediterranean Sea. At its height, the empire had an estimated population of 9 million inhabitants. The Romans differed from the Greeks in that they controlled a larger unified land area, allowing for stronger central government. The Romans were also more intent on imposing their culture fully on conquered lands, rather than establishing colonies like the Greeks. Key factors in Roman architecture included abundant building materials, the development of concrete which enabled larger structures, and adapting to different climates across the empire. Religious practices changed over time from the Etruscan period to the imperial period when Christianity grew prominent. Roman civilization had a
The document provides information on ancient Rome and the Iberian Peninsula. It discusses:
- Rome's location and chronology from the 8th century BC to 476 AD.
- The Roman Empire spanning the Mediterranean Sea.
- The inhabitants of the Iberian Peninsula, including Etruscans, Latins, and Greeks.
- The origins of Rome and the legend of Romulus and Remus.
- The transition from Monarchy to Republic to Empire forms of government.
- Roman conquests, including the Iberian Peninsula and control of the Mediterranean.
- Spartacus leading a slave revolt against the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC.
The document provides an overview of the history and society of Ancient Rome from its origins as a small settlement to the establishment of a republic and eventual transition to an empire. It discusses the early monarchy period and establishment of a republic ruled by consuls in 509 BC. It describes the struggle between patricians and plebeians and the gradual acquisition of rights and political power by the plebeian class. It also covers the agricultural economy based on slave labor, social issues around land ownership, religion, engineering practices, architecture, and art forms in Ancient Rome.
The Roman Army was made up of professional soldiers from across the Roman Empire who served for at least 25 years. Soldiers of higher ranks like centurions led groups of 80 ordinary soldiers. Centurions could punish disobedient soldiers with sticks. Roman soldiers underwent rigorous training and were expected to march long distances in armor while carrying their equipment. They fought in tight battle formations using coordinated shield tactics.
The document provides a historical overview of warfare and military developments in Europe from ancient Greece to the Ottoman Empire. It describes key innovations like the phalanx formation and significant conflicts such as the Trojan War, Peloponnesian War, and Crusades. It also covers the rise and fall of major powers across Europe and the Mediterranean like the Roman Empire, Mongol Empire, and Moorish rule in Spain.
The document provides background information on classical Rome and its foundations in democracy and republicanism. It describes the founding of Rome by Romulus and Remus, and the establishment of the Roman Republic around 509 BCE. It discusses the Second Punic War between Rome and Carthage and Hannibal's famous crossing of the Alps into Italy with war elephants. It also summarizes Rome's eventual defeat of Carthage and outlines some key events and figures in Roman history like Julius Caesar, the Roman Empire, and factors in the fall of Rome to Germanic tribes.
The document discusses several aspects of Roman society including:
1) The Roman family was patriarchal with the oldest male, the paterfamilias, having absolute power over the extended family. Women had few legal rights.
2) Slavery was widespread and essential to the Roman economy, with slaves making up as much as a third of the population and working in households, trades, agriculture, mining, and construction.
3) Religion was central to Roman government and life, with gods and goddesses associated with every aspect of society and nature. Animal sacrifice and interpreting signs from the gods guided decisions.
4) The Roman military was highly organized and effective, allowing Rome to dominate the
The document summarizes the Roman legend of Romulus and Remus, the twin founders of Rome. According to the legend, their grandfather Numitor was overthrown and their mother was made a Vestal Virgin. Mars fell in love with their mother and she gave birth to the twins. Their uncle Amulius feared they would overthrow him, so he had them placed in a trough on the Tiber River. They were rescued and raised by a she-wolf and later adopted by a shepherd. As adults, they killed Amulius and restored their grandfather to the throne, founding the city of Rome.
The document summarizes life in the Italian peninsula during Roman rule. Three groups - Etruscans, Italics, and Greeks - lived there. Rome transitioned from a monarchy to a republic to an empire between 753 BC and 476 AD. Roman society was divided into patricians, plebeians, and slaves. Famous Roman leaders included Julius Caesar and Augustus Caesar. The Roman Empire spread across the Mediterranean and introduced Latin-based languages and Roman law. However, invasions by barbarian peoples ultimately led to the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD.
Roman spectacles included theater, chariot racing, and gladiatorial games. Theater days were social events that also included religious ceremonies. The wealthy had the best seats. Chariot racing occurred at the Circus Maximus, which seated over 150,000 spectators. Races lasted about 15 minutes. Gladiatorial combats were held in amphitheaters like the Colosseum and featured fights between men and beasts. Gladiators included trained fighters like the murmillo and retiarius who fought with specific weapons and armor. The games were very popular but also faced criticism for their brutality.
1) The document discusses the origins and myths surrounding the founding of Rome, including the stories of Aeneas, Romulus and Remus, and the actual historical origins as a city founded by the Latin people along the Tiber River in 1000 BC.
2) It then covers the rise of the Roman Republic and the struggles between the patrician and plebeian classes. Key aspects of the Republic such as the military, Senate, and dictators are summarized.
3) The document concludes with Rome's expansion through conquest of neighboring territories and defeat of Carthage, which allowed it to dominate the Mediterranean and eventually transition into the Roman Empire under Augustus.
This document summarizes the history of slavery across several ancient empires. It discusses how slavery was practiced in Ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, with slaves typically being prisoners of war or purchased foreigners. It also outlines the types of slaves that existed in Ancient Greece. The document then covers slavery in the Middle Ages within Islamic, Viking, and Ottoman empires. Finally, it briefly discusses slavery in modern Spain and the major slave empires, including China and Rome.
This is depicting a feudal society. The drawing shows different aspects of daily life within a castle and its surrounding lands during the Middle Ages.
CO M P E T E N C E S
A N D S U B CO M P E T E N C E S
1. Linguistic competence
1.1. Understand oral and written texts in different subject areas.
1.2. Express oneself orally and in writing in a clear, organised manner.
Ẉ Read the text and complete the sentences with the correct option.
A castle was the fortified private residence of a lord. The castle was a home as well as a stronghold. A
castle was also a community,
The Celts originally inhabited most of Central and Western Europe but were conquered by the Romans and later displaced by Germanic tribes like the Anglo-Saxons and Franks. The Anglo-Saxons invaded Britain and established small kingdoms there in the 5th-6th centuries AD, displacing the native Celtic population to the western edges. Meanwhile, the Franks established themselves in Gaul (modern France) and adopted Roman customs while converting to Christianity under King Clovis I in the 5th century AD. They were later succeeded by the Carolingian dynasty starting in the 8th century AD under Charlemagne, who went on to establish a new European empire.
This document provides an overview of ancient Rome from its founding in 753 BC to its fall in 476 AD. It discusses Roman history through a timeline, culture, environment, architecture like the Pantheon, clothing, and emperor Hadrian who rebuilt the Pantheon. The timeline notes important events and leaders. Roman culture was influenced by conquered lands and included classes of people, holidays, mythology, and gods. The environment included a Mediterranean climate with forests, mountains and pollution issues. Architecture like the Pantheon showed advanced Roman engineering skills in concrete construction.
The document discusses the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the emergence of feudalism in medieval Europe. It describes how Germanic tribes like the Goths, Vandals, and Franks invaded the declining Roman Empire beginning in the 4th century AD. These invasions contributed to the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD. After the fall, cities declined as people fled to the countryside for safety. Society became organized around manors and a feudal system developed, with kings granting land to lords in exchange for loyalty and military service. Lords then granted land to knights who protected local peasants. Charlemagne later conquered much of Western Europe and was crowned Holy Roman Emperor on Christmas Day 800,
The document provides an overview of life in medieval Europe from 500 to 1500 AD. It describes the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and the rise of feudalism and the manorial system. Key events included the growth and influence of the Catholic Church, the founding of the Holy Roman Empire by Charlemagne, the development of languages and kingdoms in Europe, and the Crusades between Christians and Muslims for control of the Holy Land. The period ended with the devastation of the Black Death pandemic in the late Middle Ages.
Trabajo sciencien alberto, dani, jesus y sergio 3º trimestre romeChema Jimeno Sabadú
The document summarizes aspects of ancient Roman civilization, including that the Romans conquered much of Europe and the Mediterranean between the 3rd century BC to the 1st century AD, establishing the Roman Empire with its capital in Rome. Their language was Latin, which many modern European languages are based on. They had a legal system based on Roman law and the Law of the Twelve Tables. Society was divided into patricians and plebeians, and included slaves. Major aspects of their culture included temples, theaters, baths, chariot racing, and gladiator combat in structures like the Colosseum. Their pantheon of gods and goddesses was modeled after human families. The Western Roman Empire fell in 476 AD
This document is a slide presentation by Anuj Patel on the topic of Roman Britain. It contains 16 slides covering various aspects of Roman Britain such as a map of Roman Britain, Roman emperors and governors, native British tribes, Roman roads, food and drink, law and order, Hadrian's Wall, the Roman army, Boudicca, religion, daily life, entertainment, influence on the English language, and bibliography. The presentation provides an overview of many key elements of society and culture in Roman Britain.
The document provides an overview of life in Medieval Europe from 500-1500 AD, known as the Middle Ages or Medieval period. It summarizes that the period began with the collapse of the Roman Empire and was characterized by the rise of feudalism and manorialism, the growing power of the Catholic Church, and the conflicts between Christians and Muslims, such as the Crusades. Key developments included the establishment of monarchies and nation-states, the spread of Christianity, and the founding of universities that helped revive learning.
The Beginnings of Ancient Rome About 750 B.C., the villages joined together to form a city called Rome. It was ruled by kings for more than 200 years. Eventually, Rome became a republic, and the people elected representatives. These representatives formed the Senate, Rome's most powerful body of government
little book of BIG KNOWLEDGE rise &fall ROMAN EMPIREJANE HUDSON
The full rise and fall of the roman empire with maps I made this book to see what my work looks like so comments would be great as iv not finished I have worksheets to add and other exciting games.
Para construir un puente romano, primero se buscaría una base sólida cerca de un vado existente. Luego se encauzaría el río para trabajar en el lecho seco, limpiando el fondo hasta la roca. Se estudiaría el lugar para planificar los arcos y apoyos necesarios. Se construirían los apoyos para desviar la corriente y soportar los arcos, los cuales se harían de piedra sobre cerchas de madera. Finalmente, se rellenaría la calzada con diferentes capas de piedras y arenas apisonadas
El documento describe la historia de la ciudad romana de Córdoba en España. Los romanos conquistaron Córdoba en el 206 a.C. y la llamaron Corduba. En el 169 a.C., el pretor Marco Claudio Marcelo fundó una colonia latina en el asentamiento prerromano existente. En el 113 a.C., ya existía un foro romano en Córdoba. Poco a poco, el asentamiento prerromano fue abandonado y sus habitantes se trasladaron a la ciudad romana, donde se produjo una monumentalización.
El documento presenta breves biografías de importantes figuras históricas hispanas como Adriano, emperador romano nacido en España; Cayo Apuleyo Diocles, el más notable auriga de la Antigüedad; y Marco Ulio Trajano, el primer emperador romano de origen provincial nacido en Itálica.
El cristianismo se difundió rápidamente en el Imperio Romano en el siglo I d.C. Pequeñas comunidades cristianas se formaron en las ciudades cosmopolitas del imperio, a pesar de la presencia de otras religiones. Mientras que algunos se aferraron a los antiguos dioses romanos u otras filosofías, los cristianos se distinguieron por su devoción a Jesucristo y por vivir de acuerdo a sus enseñanzas de amor y servicio.
The early Christian church spread rapidly throughout the Roman Empire in the first century AD. Christianity encountered many other religions in the cosmopolitan cities of the empire, including traditional Roman and Greek religions as well as mystery cults from Egypt and Persia. While other religions struggled to address questions of life's meaning and the afterlife, Christianity offered compelling teachings of love from Jesus Christ. Despite facing periods of persecution, the Christian faith continued to multiply in small communities across the empire, including in Spain where the religion was established by the third century AD. Many early Spanish Christians endured martyrdom for their beliefs.
This document provides information about religious beliefs in Emerita Augusta, the capital of Roman Hispania (modern day Merida, Spain). It discusses the survival of the Roman pantheon in the city, including gods like Venus, Ceres, Mercury, Bacchus, and Asclepius. It also examines evidence of Oriental cults, such as those of Isis and Mithras, found in archaeological sites like the House of Mithraeum. The document utilizes objects from the Roman Museum of Merida to illustrate different gods and their iconography.
This document summarizes plants mentioned in the play "La Dama del Alba" by Alejandro Casona, including the scientific name of each plant and quotes where it is referenced in the play. Some of the plants mentioned are walnut, broom, grapevine, wheat, maize, fig tree, rosebush, oak tree, saffron, peas, chestnut tree, orange tree, flax, apple tree, rye, hawthorn, hazelnut tree, ash tree, holly, laurel, moss, vine shoot, gorse, heather, and sloe. The document provides insights into the importance of nature in Casona's work.
1. Research on monographical issues related to the Roman
world in general or specifically on the Roman Hispania.
• Level: 1º de ESO
• Subject: social sciences
• Teacher: Deseirée Ordiz
• Methodology:
• Groups of three or four people.
• Search and selection of information through various websites
suggested by the teacher, preparation of summaries on the content
relevant to the investigation; selection of images to illustrate the work, a
PowerPoint presentation, an oral presentation of the results before the
group and proposed activities to work on.
2. Suggested topics for students:
• The roman army. The legions in Hispania.
• Roman emperors. Hispanic emperors (Trajan and Hadrian)
• Roman urbanism. Rome, capital of the Empire. Baelo Claudia, Tarraco,
Italic
• Women in Rome. Hispanic women.
• Roman houses. Villa of Veranes…
• Leisure in Rome. Theaters, ciscuses, amphitheaters. The theater of
Mérida.
• Roman baths. Baths of Caracalla. Baths of Campo Valdés.
Arce Program- Knowing and sharing the Roman Hispania
3. ROMAN HOUSES
Clara Puerto Sánchez
Clara González Guerrero
Jenny Collar Lago
Arce Program- Knowing and sharing the Roman Hispania
4. Arce Program- Knowing and sharing the Roman Hispania
Castrum
Military camp, walled
and rectangular
shaped with a central
avenue cross shaped.
Three hundred people
could live inside. It is
the oldest Roman
housing model.
5. Arce Program- Knowing and sharing the Roman Hispania
Domus
Family houses for
families of a certain
economic level. It was
constructed from two
parts and consisted of
a single plant. Most
domus were 120
meters long and 30
meters wide.
6. Arce Program- Knowing and sharing the Roman Hispania
Urban villa
This housing had all
the luxuries of the
city, and it usually
used to be
surrounded by a
garden. They had a
room for every
season. Only the
richest could afford it.
7. Arce Program- Knowing and sharing the Roman Hispania
Insulae
It is a block of flats from 300 to 400 square meters divided into floors that open to the
outside with windows and balconies. They appear in the fourth century. C. and
reached a height of 6/7 floors. They had no running water or latrines : the feces were
deposited in a common container at the foot of the stairs or thrown out the window.
There were no heating (they got warmed with braziers) nor chimneys; the windows
had no glass, just curtains or wooden blinds. They were built by private businessmen
who speculated on the land and construction. In the mid-fourth century, Rome had
1797 domus and 46.602 insulae with an average of 5 dwellings occupied by 5 or 6
people each...
8. THE ROMAN ARMY
Legions In Hispania.
Arce Program- Knowing and sharing the Roman Hispania
9. Índex.
► History of the army.
► Organization of the army.
► Life in the army.
► Legionnaire´s uniform.
► Army weapons and tactics.
► Symbology.
► The Roman camp.
► The legions in Hispania
► Questions
► Resources
Arce Program- Knowing and sharing the Roman Hispania
10. ARMY HISTORY.
► In early Rome men served in the army according to their property and wealth
and did not receive any compensation for the services rendered, that made
that the poorest were excluded from service
► The early formation of the army from its beginnings was a copy of the
compact and closed Greek phalanx made of armed spearmen, which was
organized later, after the struggles against the hill tribes, into legions, more
flexible formations where spears were replaced by swords and javelins.
► In 396 B.C. the paid military service was first introduced, although citizens were
still being recruited when necessary without any permanent professional arm,
which would not come until the arrival of Augusto to the power who would
continue the practice of recruiting. By the year 107BC, the poorest citizens
were allowed into the army and with Augusto it was open free to the entire
population of the Empire, which was divided into elite legions and troops
reserved to the Roman citizens and the auxilia, where the rest of the
population of the Empire was integrated.
Arce Program- Knowing and sharing the Roman Hispania
11. ARMY ORGANIZATION.
► After changing the model of the Greek phalanx held since its beginnings, the
legion became the base unit of the Roman army, though originally the word
legion was applied to the entire army
► A legion was usually made up of 10,000 legionnaires in the infantry and 1,000
legionaries, in cavalry. The man who led the legion was the legacy who was
helped by six tribunes.
► A centurion commanded 100 legionaries
► The badge holder was the man who kept the eagle, the most important symbol
in Rome because it represented the greatness of it
► The trumpet transmitted the orders of the officers.
12. LIFE IN THE ARMY
► Not only had The soldier to learn the art of war but he should dominate other
trades like sowing, harvesting crops and raising horses, he also had to know
something of the craft of artisan to repair and make weapons, so as to handle
pick and shovel to dig trenches , build camps, build walls and undermine the
enemy walls.
► When graduating after 20 years of service for the Legionaires, 16 for the
garrison of Rome, 25 for auxiliaries and 26 for soldiers sailors. Soldiers were
given the title of Veteranus and received a plot of land or a lot of money
equivalent to 12 years of pay. They also received extra payments at the
beginning of each term of a new emperor, custom established by Emperor
Claudius. For the auxiliaries the main reward was to receive the Roman
citizenship.
13. THE LEGIONNAIRES UNIFORM
► The uniform of the soldiers was varied over time, until the reign of Claudius the
legionaries wore protective chain mail that was replaced with overlapping iron sheets.
Medals and metal plates were fixed in the breastplate, below they wore a fabric shirt that
ended on a shirtail and a leather garment.
► The metallic breastplate like the greaves or shinpads were reserved for officers, a
metallic belt was used to fit the armor and hang the sword.A major tactics of the Romans
in their arms was to copy from the enemies everything that could benefit them, so for
example their short sword or Hispanicus Gladius was an adaptation of the Iberian
Falcata which wreaked havoc among the legionaries during clashes with Hispanic
auxiliaries of Hannibal during the Second Punic war. This sword was ideal for body
combat due to its double edge and measures 50 cm. long by 7 cm. wide
► The head and neck were protected by a bronze helmet. The hemispherical helmet with
cheek pieces was adorned most of the time with a plume of feathers or horsehair. The
Romans copied their shields from the French model, which consisted of a large oval or
rectangular plate most of the times, the center had a hemisphere to make slip the enemy
projectiles.
14.
15.
16. ARMY WEAPONS AND TACTICS
► In the Roman Empire the discipline of war was considered a science and an art, the constant training of the
Roman army was one of the most feared and it was largely responsible for its success.
► The Roman army was preparing to attack using basic training, using a vanguard of Velites (Light Infantry), and
then the infantry was arranged in three lines, The Hastati, the princes and the Triarii (Veterans) entered only if
their intervention was necessary . To the right of the infantry cavalry stood and to the left the cavalry of the allies.
In order to attack, the first line of soldiers advanced shield to shield, while the second line protected the first line
with their own shields by placing them on their heads.
►
If the first line was not enough, the second one attacked by the spaces left by the previous one, while the first
retreated to refuel with spears and shields .
► For the siege, towers were also used for archers, battering rams to breach the walls or terraces
and mobile towers which had a drawbridge to scale the walls.
► Another of the tactics used for the siege was to surround with two walls the besieged city, one
inside to avoid out to the besieged and an outdoor to prevent access to any auxiliary forces (first
used in Numancia (Soria )
► They had siege engines as the onager, the ballista, etc.
17. SYMBOLOGY
► During the early Republic, Army division consisted of five banners, the eagle,
the wolf, the minotaur, the horse and the boar, but in 104 BC Mario abolished
the other banners and left only the eagle (Aquila) as a symbol of the whole
army
► We could also find the Signum, which was the banner of the centuries,
consisting of the eagle and the badge of the Roman crown on top and under
this , the inscription SPQR. With the Empire the inscription was replaced by the
name of the Emperor.
► The loss of a banner in a clash was considered a real disgrace in Roman
society, his recovery was celebrated as a great victory by the army and the
whole society
18. THE ROMAN CAMP
► The Roman camps were an engineering work at high speed, an army on the
move built up a completely fortified camp at the end of the day and they
destroyed the next morning, before moving on.
► Temporary camps that were built at the end of the daily running and
destroyed to leave the place were built following a strict order and discipline.
► The permanent camps made of stone were used as winter camps. In
peacetime they became small towns with an area of about twenty acres to
house a legion.
19. THE LEGIONS IN NHISPANIA
► In Hispania there were several legions led by some commanders as Augustus,
Lucio, Marco, etc..
► One of the most famous wars of Hispania was the Cantabrian wars in which
The legions of Caesar Augustus, Junius Brutus, etc, served.
20. QUESTIONS
► When was paid military service first implemented?
► What name was given to the six men who helped the Legacy?
► What other tasks needed to perform the Legionnaires?
► What was the name of the spear that the Roman legionaries wore?
► What was the most important symbol for the army?
► What was the name of the permanent camp built by the Romans?
► What was the name of the wars held by the Romans against the Hispanics in
the northern peninsula?
Arce Program- Knowing and sharing the Roman Hispania
21. SOURCES
► We mostly used the link to the Roman army
placed in Educastur campus, the Wikipedia
and Google pictures
Arce Program- Knowing and sharing the Roman Hispania