This document contains a summary of the story of "Racton Man", a skeleton found in a field in the UK in 1989 holding the oldest securely dated bronze dagger ever found in Britain, dated to 4,200 years ago. After being stored in a museum for 23 years, archaeologists recently analyzed the remains and dagger. They discovered the man was over 6 feet tall and lived to his late 40s, indicating he was an important tribal leader. Isotope analysis revealed he was not local to Sussex but came from farther west. The dagger was a rare and high status item. Analysis of his remains showed he lived a hard life and died of injuries from sword wounds. The story provides new insights into the lives and social hierarchies
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3. 3
Foreword
Yes, after a complicated two years I also
crossed my mind I take my pen in my hand
I would be lying for the sake of such a
purpose. I took what difficulties these past
two years, of how they've overcome,
saying I intend to blow your head yok.sade
of these two years I took: "The lives of
human hope, survive with love." That's the
thing that keeps me she innocence and
love for me in the tiny heart . There are
professions that demands big sacrifices.
The teaching profession also comes at the
beginning of this profession. This is love
carries the structure of the profession. You
will love their students in the profession.
Love is real life, is success. In non-believers
know mimics. O people, is like a blind
candle light field from another sphere. If
the spirit is dead. This idea is
4. 4
called to me pollyannacılık, I do not know
what it is called is called idealistic but this
is my life philosophy. I tried my students
loved as I love the Turkish and endearing. I
know that a nation's roots in the language,
or the flag is a symbol of religion and
independence. I feel very lucky in this
respect. Turkish children in their zone,
beautiful Turkish our teacher's joy, I carry
in all the pride and joy.Teachers should
constantly new planting seedlings.
Disinterested, it turns out that if the
relationship just to get other fruit; nothing
but stare waiting for, if it is pulled aside
one day seedlings grow, bloom and fruit
stands. The fruit is ripe in selecting the
best offer the gardener. Nice wish planting
new seedlings ...
5. 5
Story of man and dagger found in UK field
is finally told – 4,200 years on
Twenty-threeyearsafter RactonManwas found, archaeologistsrealised
his dagger wasoldest bronze object ever found in UK
For more than4,000 years a manlay buried in a corner of a Sussex field,
far from the land of his childhood, holding a rare and preciousobject.
Then for another 23 yearshe lay in a museum store untila chance
conversationbetweentwo archaeologistsled to the piecing together of
his story: a manwho died of a slashing sword wound and was buried
holding hisdagger, the oldest bronze object ever found in Britainand one
of theoldest in Europe.He was buried lying on his left side, with his
hands clasping thedagger infront of his face. The dagger is an
exceptionallyraretype: the wooden hilt, long sincerotted away, was
ornamented with tinystuds, each a littlemasterpieceofancient
metalworkthat when new would have gleamed like gold.Its owner wasa
fighter: apart from theunhealed sword slash near his elbow which
probablycaused him to bleed to death – thesoil clinging tothe bone
proved that it was a raw gaping wound when he wasburied – he had
another old sword injurynear the shoulder. The bladeof his beautiful
dagger had been sharpened, proving it wasno mere ceremonialobject.
6. 6
The results of scientific testson his bones and teeth, just announced at
the museum in Chichester wherehis remainsarenow on display, dated
his dagger to4,200 years ago, the earliest securely dated bronze object
ever found in Britain. Thedagger wasmadein the dawnof bronze-
working techniques, whenmetalsmithsinBritainlearned from the
continent how to alloy their copper with West Country tinand makea far
harder and morebeautifulmetal. Withina few decadesbronze had
almost wiped out copper work, used for vessels and ornamentsaswell as
weapons, which could be sharpened to a murderousedge.“Dagger burials
of any kind arerare, and these daggersarehens’ teeth rare, it was a very
short-lived fashion, certainlyno more thana few generations,” Stuart
Needham, formerlyof the British Museum and an internationally
renowned expert on bronze age metalwork, said. “Tofind one with the
skeleton, giving it a secureand such anearly date, makesit a find of
nationaland indeed Europeanimportance.”RactonManwasnamed for
the hamlet near Chichester, wherehis dagger wasfirst found by a metal
detector in1989. JamesKenny, now thearchaeologist for Chichester
district council, wasone of the team who returned to the field and
recovered the well-preserved skeleton and thetiny rivets that the
detector had missed. He knew it was animportant find, but therewas no
money for post-excavationwork, so he wrote a report, and theskeleton
and dagger went intothe museum stores.Then two years ago he and
Needham werewalking in another Sussex field where a small hoard had
been found, and Kenny told him of his best find, so long ago.“A riveted
dagger inSussex – my little ears pricked up,” Needham said. “I thought I
knew every dagger burial inBritain, but I’d never heard of it.”Thetwo
went to look at the bones and the dagger inthe stores, and Needham’s
excitement grew. Theyfound the funding from different sources
7. 7
including thelocal authority, and assembled a team of expertsfrom
England, Walesand Scotland.Theresultsstartled everyone. Kenny
described RactonManas“a big man” and he was literally that. Tohave
owned such a high-statusobjecthemust have been a leader, possibly a
tribalchieftain, but healso stood six foot tall, and had lived into his late
40s, much longer thanthe averagelife expectancy.
Isotope analysis of one of histeeth showed he had not comefrom the
chalk downland of Sussex but from the West Country or just possibly
Ireland or Brittany.Thecopper inthe bronze was also a raretype in
Britainknown as arsenic-onlycopper, which may have been specially
prized because, although they couldn’t have understood thechemistry,
the higher the arsenic content theharder the eventual bronze. The
copper was probablyimported, but theworkmanship ofthe dagger was
British.Although hewasstill a tall powerful man when he died, ageand a
hard life had taken their toll. He had spinal degeneration, probably
arthritis, a chronic sinusinfection, tooth decay and an abscess in one
tooth. He may have sustained a deep cut to the armpit that could have
severed an artery, a blow his raised arm may have been trying to ward off
when it wascut by the sword.Needham said thecombat woundswerean
interesting contributiontoa debateabout whether triballeadersof the
early Bronze Agewere hereditaryor had to be militaryleaders: Racton
Mancertainlyhadn’t led a life of sheltered privilege.Therewasno
surviving evidence of a burialmound in the field, which has been farmed
for 4,000 years, nor of a nearby settlement, but he was carefully and
honourablyburied.In1989, the prehistoric ageofinternet archaeology,
Kenny published thefind in a little annualreport which the team typeset
before stapling thepagestogether themselves. The news sank like a
stone.“I knew he was importantthough,” hesaid. “I never forgot
him.”RactonManand hisdagger areon displayat the free admission
Novium Museum in Chichester.
9. 9
KISA İNGİLİZCE FIKRALAR
FIKRAI 1
Teacher: Maria please show America on the map.
Öğretmen:Maria haritada Amerikayı göster.
Maria: Here it is.
Maria:İşte burada
Teacher: Good. Then kid, who discovered America?
Öğretmen:Aferin.Şimdi çocuklar,Amerikayı kim buldu?
Class: Maria did ,teacher.
Sınıf:Mariya buldu öğretmenim.
FIKRA 2
Andy: Aren’t you wearing your wedding ring on the wrong
finger?
Andy:Evlilik yüzüğünü yanlış parmağına takmıyormusun?
B: Yes I am, because I married the wrong woman
Berg:Evet takıyorum,çünkü yanlış kadınla evlendim.
FIKRA -3
“Am I the first man you have ever loved?” John asked.
“Ben senin aşık olduğun ilk kişimiyim “diye sordu John.
“Of course,” Linda answered “Why do men always ask the
same question?”.
“Tabiki”diye cevapladı Linda “Niçin erkekler hep aynı soruyu
soruyor?”!
FIKRA - 4
When I was young I didn’t like going to weddings.
Gençken evlilik törenlerine gitmek istemezdim.
My grandmother would tell me, “You’re next”
Büyükannem “Sıradaki sensin” derdi.
However, she stopped saying it after I started saying the same
thing to her at funerals.
Ama cenazelerde ona aynı şeyi söylemeye başladıktan sonra
onu demeyi bıraktı.
10. 10
FIKRA -5
The First 3 Years of Marriage
Evliliğin ilk üç yılı
In the first year of marriage, the man speaks and the woman listens.
Evliliğin ilk yılında adam konuşur ve kadın dinler.
In the second year, the woman speaks and the man listens.
Evliliğin ikinci yılında kadın konuşur ve adam dinler.
In the third year, they both speak and the neighbors listen
Evliliğin üçüncü yılındaher ikiside konuşur ve komşuları dinler.
FIKRA 6
A man inserted an ‘ad’ in the classifieds:“Wifewanted”.
Bir adam reklam verdi : “Bayan eş aranıyor.”( karı:p )
The next day he received a hundred letters. They all said the same thing:
“You can have mine.”
Ertesi gün yüzlerce mektup aldı.Hepsi aynı şeyi söylüyordu:”Benimkini
alabilirsin.”
11. 11
Albert Einstein - Biographical
Albert Einstein was born at Ulm, in Württemberg,
Germany, on March 14, 1879.Six weeks later the family moved to
Munich, where he later on began his schooling at the Luitpold
Gymnasium. Later, they moved to Italy and Albert continued his
education at Aarau, Switzerland and in 1896 he entered the Swiss
Federal Polytechnic Schoolin Zurich to be trained as a teacher in
physics and mathematics. In 1901,the year he gained his diploma,he
acquired Swiss citizenship and, as he was unable to find a teaching post,
he accepted a positionas technical assistant in the Swiss Patent Office.
In 1905 he obtained his doctor's degree.During his stay at the Patent
Office,and in his spare time, he produced much of his remarkable work
and in 1908 he was appointed Privatdozent in Berne. In 1909 he became
ProfessorExtraordinary at Zurich, in 1911 Professorof Theoretical
Physics at Prague, returning to Zurich in the following year to fill a similar
post. In 1914 he was appointed Directorof the Kaiser Wilhelm Physical
Institute and Professorin the University of Berlin. He became a German
citizen in 1914 and remained in Berlin until 1933 when he renounced his
citizenship for political reasons and emigrated to Americato take the
position of Professorof Theoretical Physics at Princeton*. He became a
United States citizen in 1940 and retired from his postin 1945.
After World War II, Einstein was a leading figure in the World
Government Movement, he was offeredthe Presidencyof the State of
Israel, which he declined,and he collaborated with Dr. Chaim Weizmann
in establishing the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Einstein always appeared to have a clear view of the problems of
physics and the determination to solve them. He had a strategy of his
own and was able to visualize the main stages on the way to his goal. He
regarded his major achievements as mere stepping-stones forthe next
advance.At the start of his scientific work, Einstein realized the
inadequacies of Newtonian mechanics and his special theory of relativity
stemmed from an attempt to reconcile the laws of mechanics with the
12. 12
laws of the electromagnetic field.He dealt with classical problems of
statistical mechanics and problems in which they were merged with
quantum theory: this led to an explanation of the Brownian movementof
molecules.He investigated the thermal properties of light with a low
radiation density and his observations laid the foundation of the photon
theory of light.In his early days in Berlin, Einstein postulated that the
correctinterpretation of the special theory of relativity must also furnish a
theory of gravitation and in 1916 he published his paper on the general
theory of relativity. During this time he also contributed to the problems of
the theory of radiation and statistical mechanics.
In the 1920's,Einstein embarked on the construction of unified field
theories, although he continued to work on the probabilistic interpretation
of quantum theory, and he persevered with this work in America. He
contributed to statistical mechanics by his developmentof the quantum
theory of a monatomic gas and he has also accomplished valuable work
in connectionwith atomic transition probabilities and relativistic
cosmology.Afterhis retirement he continued to work towards the
unification of the basic concepts of physics,taking the opposite
approach, geometrisation,to the majority of physicists.
Einstein's researches are, of course, well chronicled and his more
important works include Special Theory of
Relativity (1905),Relativity(English translations, 1920 and
1950),General Theory of Relativity (1916),Investigationson Theory of
Brownian Movement (1926),and The Evolution ofPhysics (1938).
Among his non-scientific works, AboutZionism (1930), Why
War? (1933), My Philosophy (1934),and Out of My LaterYears (1950)
are perhaps the most important.Albert Einstein received honorary
doctorate degrees in science,medicine and philosophy from many
European and American universities. During the 1920'she lectured in
Europe, Americaand the Far East, and he was awarded Fellowships or
Memberships of all the leading scientific academies throughout the
world. He gained numerous awards in recognitionof his work, including
the CopleyMedal of the Royal Society of Londonin 1925,and the
Franklin Medal of the Franklin Institute in 1935.Einstein's gifts inevitably
resulted in his dwelling much in intellectual solitude and, for relaxation,
music played an important part in his life. He married Mileva Maric in
1903 and they had a daughter and two sons; their marriage was
dissolved in 1919 and in the same year he married his cousin, Elsa
Löwenthal, who died in 1936.He died on April 18, 1955 at Princeton,
New Jersey.