SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 19
Download to read offline
1
STATE OF INDIANA ) IN MARION SUPERIOR COURT 1
)SS: COMMERCIAL COURT DOCKET
COUNTY OF MARION ) CAUSE NO. 49D01-1706-PL-025964
AMERICAN CATALOG MAILERS )
ASSOCIATION and NETCHOICE, )
)
Plaintiffs, )
)
v. )
)
ADAM KRUPP, in his official capacity as )
the Commissioner of the Indiana )
Department of Revenue, ERIC HOLCOMB, )
in his official capacity as Governor of the )
State of Indiana, and INDIANA )
DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE, )
)
Defendants. )
----------------------------------------------------------- )
INDIANA DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE, )
)
Third-Party Plaintiff, )
)
v. )
)
WAYFAIR, INC. and )
OVERSTOCK.COM INC., )
)
Third-Party Defendants. )
ANSWER AND THIRD-PARTY COMPLAINT
Defendant Eric Holcomb, in his official capacity as Governor of the State of
Indiana, Adam Krupp, in his official capacity as the Commissioner of the Indiana
Department of Revenue, and Indiana Department of Revenue, by counsel, Attorney
General Curtis T. Hill, Jr., Solicitor General Thomas M. Fisher, and Deputy
Attorneys General Matthew R. Elliott and Elizabeth M. Littlejohn, answers
Plaintiffs’ Complaint as follows:
2
NATURE OF THE ACTION
1. This is an action for declaratory judgment by the ACMA and NetChoice
challenging the constitutionality of a newly enacted statute, House Enrolled Act. No.
1129 (2017) (“Act 1129”), which was adopted by the legislature with the express
understanding that its terms contradict the United States Supreme Court’s decision
in Quill Corp. v. North Dakota, 504 U.S. 298 (1992), regarding the limitations on state
taxing power under the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution. The
Supreme Court in Quill held that a State lacks the authority under the Commerce
Clause to impose state sales and use tax collection and reporting obligations upon a
seller that has no physical presence in the state, either directly or through third
parties, and whose only connection with the state is communicating with customers
via the instrumentalities of interstate commerce, i.e., telephone, U.S. mail, common
carrier, and now the Internet. See Quill Corp., 504 U.S. at 313-19. The new statute,
Act 1129, imposes the obligation to report Indiana gross retail tax expressly upon
retail merchants and service providers that have no physical presence in the state,
based solely on making sales over certain minimum thresholds to Indiana customers
via telephone, mail order, email, and the Internet. Because Act 1129 violates the Quill
physical presence requirement, usurps the role of Congress in regulating interstate
commerce, and unlawfully expands the State’s taxing authority over companies,
individuals, and organizations located throughout in the United States, and
potentially the world, based solely on their having customers in Indiana, the law is
plainly unconstitutional.
3
ANSWER: This portion of the Complaint contains a characterization of the
case to which an answer is not required, but to the extent an answer is
required, Defendants deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 1 of the
Complaint.
PARTIES
2. Plaintiff ACMA is incorporated in Washington, D.C. and is the leading
trade association in the United States representing the interest of companies,
individuals, and organizations engaged in and supporting catalog marketing.
ANSWER: Defendants admit ACMA is incorporated in Washington, D.C. As
to the remainder of the allegations, Defendants are without sufficient
knowledge to admit or deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 2 of the
Complaint and therefore deny the same.
3. Plaintiff NetChoice is incorporated in Washington, D.C., and is a leading
trade association of Internet companies and organizations dedicated to advancing the
interests of eCommerce businesses and online consumers.
ANSWER: Defendants admit NetChoice is incorporated in Washington, D.C.
As to the remainder of the allegations, Defendants are without sufficient
knowledge to admit or deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 3 of the
Complaint and therefore deny the same.
4. Defendant Adam Krupp is the Commissioner of the Indiana Department
of Revenue (“Department”) and is charged with the enforcement of Act 1129.
ANSWER: Defendants admit the allegations set forth in paragraph 4 of the
Complaint.
5. Defendant Eric Holcomb, is the Governor of the State of Indiana. It is
his responsibility under Article 4, § 16 of the Indiana Constitution to “Take care that
the laws are faithfully executed,” and is charged with the enforcement of Act 1129.
Governor Holcomb is sued in his official capacity.
4
ANSWER: Defendants admit that Eric Holcomb is the Governor of the State
of Indiana and that he is sued in his official capacity. Article 4, § 16 of the
Indiana Constitution speaks for itself and an answer is not required.
Defendants deny that Governor Holcomb is charged with any enforcement of
Act 1129.
6. Defendant Indiana Department of Revenue (“IDR”) is charged with the
enforcement of Act 1129.
ANSWER: Defendants admit the allegations set forth in paragraph 6 of the
Complaint.
JURISDICTION AND VENUE
7. The Court has jurisdiction to adjudicate this action under the Indiana
Uniform Declaratory Judgment Act, Ind. Code § 34-14-1-1 et seq, and 42 U.S.C. §
1983.
ANSWER: Both Indiana Code § 34-14-1-1 et seq. and 42 U.S.C. § 1983 speak
for themselves and an answer is not required. In addition, this paragraph
recites a legal conclusion that does not require an answer, but to the extent an
answer is required, Defendants deny.
8. Venue is proper in this county under Ind. R. Civ. P. 75(4) because the
principal office of the Defendant is located here and the Defendant will be required
to take action to enforce Act 1129 from the Department’s Offices in this county.
ANSWER: Indiana Rule of Civil Procedure 75(4) speaks for itself and an
answer is not required.
ALLEGATIONS
9. The United States Supreme Court, in Quill, held that sellers “who do no
more than communicate with customers in the State by mail or common carrier as a
part of a general interstate business” lack the necessary “substantial nexus” with a
5
State for the State to require such out-of-state sellers to collect and remit the State’s
sales and use taxes. 504 U.S. at 307, 313-319.
ANSWER: Quill Corp. v. North Dakota, 504 U.S. 298 (1992), speaks for itself
and an answer is not required.
10. The Court in Quill reaffirmed that in order for a State to have the
authority under the “substantial nexus” standard of the Commerce Clause to require
an out-of-state seller to collect or report the State’s sales and use taxes, the seller
must have a “physical presence” in the state. Id. at 314, 317-18.
ANSWER: Quill Corp. v. North Dakota, 504 U.S. 298 (1992), speaks for itself
and an answer is not required.
11. The United States Supreme Court has not overruled, superseded, or
limited its decision in Quill.
ANSWER: This paragraph recites a legal conclusion that does not require an
answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the
allegations set forth in paragraph 11 of the Complaint.
12. The physical presence requirement of Quill currently remains the law
of the land under the United States Constitution. The States, including Indiana, are
bound by Quill.
ANSWER: This paragraph recites a legal conclusion that does not require an
answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the
allegations set forth in paragraph 12 of the Complaint.
13. On April 28, 2017, Governor Holcomb signed Act 1129 into law.
ANSWER: Defendants admit the allegations set forth in paragraph 13 of the
Complaint.
14. Act 1129 provides that “[a] retail merchant that does not have physical
presence Indiana” is required to collect and remit gross retail tax if the retail
6
merchant meets either of two, alternative criteria in the prior or the current calendar
year: (a) the retail merchant’s gross revenue from the sale of tangible personal
property, any product transferred electronically, or services delivered into Indiana
exceeds one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000); or (b) the seller sold tangible
personal property, any product transferred electronically, or services for delivery into
Indiana in two hundred (200) or more separate transactions. Act 1129, § 2.
ANSWER: House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) speaks for itself and an answer is
not required.
15. Act 1129 takes effect on July 1, 2017.
ANSWER: Defendants admit the allegations set forth in paragraph 15 of the
Complaint.
16. Both ACMA and NetChoice have members who are directly and
adversely affected by the sales tax reporting obligations imposed under Act 1129.
ANSWER: Defendants are without sufficient knowledge to admit or deny the
allegations set forth in paragraph 16 of the Complaint and therefore deny the
same.
17. Act 1129 contains a lengthy statement of general assembly findings.
The findings expressly acknowledge that “[t]he Supreme Court of the United States
should reconsider its doctrine that prevents … states from requiring remote sellers
to collect gross retail tax….” Id. § 5(7).
ANSWER: House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) speaks for itself and an answer is
not required.
18. The findings further acknowledge that “it may be reasonable
notwithstanding this law for remote sellers to continue to refuse to collect the gross
retail tax in light of existing federal constitutional doctrine…” Id. § 5(8).
7
ANSWER: House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) speaks for itself and an answer is
not required.
19. Act 1129 is modelled after a South Dakota statute that includes
substantially identical provisions purporting to require sales tax collection by out-of-
state retailers that have no physical presence in the State. The South Dakota statute
likewise contains a substantially similar, equally lengthy statement of legislative
findings.
ANSWER: Defendants are without sufficient knowledge to admit or deny the
allegations set forth in paragraph 19 of the Complaint and therefore deny the
same.
20. The South Dakota statute was declared unlawful and its enforcement
enjoined by the South Dakota Circuit Court by order dated March 6, 2017.
ANSWER: This paragraph recites allegations that are vague and ambiguous.
21. On June 21, 2017, counsel for the Plaintiffs wrote to the Defendant,
Commissioner Krupp, alerting him to the Plaintiffs’ position that Act 1129 is
unconstitutional.
ANSWER: Defendants admit the allegations set forth in paragraph 21 of the
Complaint.
22. Plaintiffs’ counsel further noted that litigation presenting the identical
federal constitutional issues is now before the South Dakota Supreme Court on a “fast
track” schedule with the express understanding that the State of South Dakota will
seek review by the United States Supreme Court. Plaintiffs’ counsel invited
Commissioner Krupp to suspend enforcement of Act 1129 pending resolution of the
South Dakota appeal. Commissioner Krupp has not responded.
8
ANSWER: Defendants admit the allegations set forth in paragraph 22 of the
Complaint.
COUNT I – Declaratory Judgment and 42 U.S.C. § 1983
Violation of the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution
23. Plaintiffs incorporate the allegations of paragraphs 1–22 as if fully set
forth herein.
ANSWER: Defendants incorporate the prior responses as if set forth fully
herein.
24. Quill bars a State from requiring sales and use tax collection and
reporting by an out-of-state seller or service provider that has no physical presence
in the state.
ANSWER: Quill Corp. v. North Dakota, 504 U.S. 298 (1992), speaks for itself
and an answer is not required, but to the extent an answer is required
Defendants deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 24 of the Complaint.
25. Act 1129 expressly requires out-of-state catalog merchants, Internet
sellers, and service providers that do “not have a physical presence in the state” to
report Indiana gross retail taxes.
ANSWER: House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) speaks for itself and an answer is
not required.
26. Act 1129, on its face, violates the Commerce Clause under Quill.
ANSWER: This paragraph recites legal conclusions that do not require an
answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the
allegations set forth in paragraph 26 of the Complaint.
27. The Defendant is the state official charged with, and liable for, the
enforcement of Act 1129.
ANSWER: Defendants admit that Commissioner Krupp, in his official
capacity and the Indiana Department of Revenue are charged with the
9
enforcement of Act 1129. Defendants deny that Governor Holcomb, in his
official capacity, is charged with any enforcement of Act 1129.
28. This Court is bound to follow and enforce Supreme Court precedent.
ANSWER: As Article VI, Clause 2 of the Constitution states: “This
Constitution, and the Laws of the United States . . . shall be the supreme Law
of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby[.]” This
allegation is also vague and ambiguous and an answer is not required.
29. This Court is empowered under the Uniform Declaratory Judgments
Act, Ind. Code § 34-14-1-1 et seq, to declare the rights and obligations of the parties
under Act 1129.
ANSWER: Indiana Code § 34-14-1-1 et seq. speaks for itself and an answer is
not required.
30. This Court should declare Act 1129 unconstitutional and unenforceable,
and award such further relief as is just and proper.
ANSWER: This paragraph recites legal conclusions that do not require an
answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the
allegations set forth in paragraph 30 of the Complaint.
COUNT II – Declaratory Judgment and 42 U.S.C. § 1983
Violation of the Due Process Clause of the United States Constitution
31. Plaintiffs incorporate the allegations of paragraphs 1–30 as if fully set
forth herein.
ANSWER: Defendants incorporate the prior responses as if set forth fully
herein.
32. The Due Process Clause of the United States Constitution, made
applicable to the States through the Fourteenth Amendment, requires a definite link
and a minimum connection between the state and a person it seeks to tax.
ANSWER: This paragraph recites legal conclusions that do not require an
10
answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the
allegations set forth in paragraph 32 of the Complaint.
33. The Supreme Court has not determined whether, for purposes of the
Due Process Clause, the prescriptive jurisdiction of a state, i.e., its jurisdiction to
impose tax or regulatory obligations, is co-extensive with the state’s adjudicative
jurisdiction.
ANSWER: This paragraph recites legal conclusions that do not require an
answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the
allegations set forth in paragraph 33 of the Complaint.
34. The minimum thresholds in Act 1129 for asserting prescriptive
jurisdiction over retail merchants that have no physical presence in the state are
inconsistent with the requirements of the Due Process Clause.
ANSWER: This paragraph recites legal conclusions that do not require an
answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the
allegations set forth in paragraph 34 of the Complaint.
35. The Defendant is the state official charged with, and liable for, the
enforcement of Act 1129.
ANSWER: Defendants admit that Commissioner Krupp, in his official
capacity and the Indiana Department of Revenue are charged with the
enforcement of Act 1129. Defendants deny that Governor Holcomb, in his
official capacity, is charged with any enforcement of Act 1129.
36. This Court is empowered under the Uniform Declaratory Judgments
Act, Ind. Code § 34-14-1-1 et seq, to declare the rights and obligations of the parties
under Act 1129.
ANSWER: Indiana Code § 34-14-1-1 et seq. speaks for itself and an answer is
not required.
11
37. This Court should declare Act 1129 unconstitutional and unenforceable
under the Due Process Clause, and award such further relief as is just and proper.
ANSWER: This paragraph recites legal conclusions that do not require an
answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the
allegations set forth in paragraph 37 of the Complaint.
WHEREFORE, Plaintiffs respectfully pray that the Court:
(A) enter a d eclaration that Act 1129 is unconstitutional and
unenforceable on its face;
(B) enter judgment for the Plaintiffs;
(C) enjoin enforcement of Act 1129;
(D) award the Plaintiffs their attorneys’ fees and costs; and
(E) grant such further relief as the Court deems just and proper.
ANSWER: Defendants deny that Plaintiffs are entitled to the relief requested
in their Complaint.
WHEREFORE, Defendants respectfully requests that the Plaintiffs take
nothing by way of their Complaint; that the Plaintiffs’ claims be dismissed with
prejudice in their entirety; that judgment be entered in favor of Defendants
and against the Plaintiffs pursuant to applicable laws; and Defendants have
such other and further relief as this Court may deem just and appropriate.
GENERAL DENIAL
Defendants deny any and all remaining allegations set forth in Plaintiffs’
Complaint not herein previously admitted or denied.
AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSES
1. The Court lacks jurisdiction over one or more claims asserted by
Plaintiffs because the Governor is not a suitable defendant under the principles of
standing and sovereign immunity, which bar this action against the Governor.
12
2. One or more claims asserted by Plaintiffs fail to state a claim on which
relief can be granted.
3. Plaintiffs lack standing to bring one or more of the claims.
4. The challenged public law is constitutional.
5. Defendants reserve the right to assert other affirmative defenses that
may become apparent during the course of discovery, and therefore also reserve the
right to amend their Answer to assert additional affirmative defenses.
THIRD-PARTY COMPLAINT
Pursuant to Indiana Trial Rule 14, the Indiana Department of Revenue, Third-
Party Plaintiff in this matter, for their Third-Party Complaint against Wayfair, Inc.
and Overstock.com, Inc. state and allege as follows:
1. Third-Party Plaintiff incorporates by reference all responses to the
paragraphs of the Complaint as though set forth above.
2. “The purpose of Trial Rule 14 is to permit common questions of fact to
be determined in one litigation in order to avoid delay between a judgment against a
party in one action and a judgment for him in a separate action, and to militate
against the possibility of inconsistent results.” City of Elkhart v. Middleton, 356
N.E.2d 207, 211 (Ind. 1976).
3. Third-Party Plaintiff seeks to have common questions of fact to be
determined—namely, whether House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) is valid—against
Third-Party Defendants.
13
Background
4. Third-Party Plaintiff, the Indiana Department of Revenue, seeks a
declaratory judgment to enforce House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) to require all retail
merchants to collect and remit state gross retail tax. House Enrolled Act 1129, Ind.
Legis. Serv. P.L. 247-2017 (Ind. 2017).
5. Governor Eric Holcomb signed House Enrolled Act 1129 on April 28,
2017 with effective date July 1, 2017. The Act requires “a retail merchant that does
not have physical presence in Indiana” to “collect . . . and remit the gross retail tax .
. . if the retail merchant” has gross revenue that “exceeds one hundred thousand
dollars ($100,000)” or sells “in two hundred (200) or more separate transactions.”
HEA 1129, Section 2.
6. On information and belief, Third-Party Defendants Overstock.com, Inc.
and Wayfair, Inc. are merchants not having a physical presence in Indiana but having
gross revenue from Indiana sales exceeding $100,000 per year and 200 transactions
per year.
Parties
7. Third-Party Plaintiff Indiana Department of Revenue administers the
laws of the state respecting taxation, including the sales tax as an agency of the State
of Indiana, which is a sovereign state with authority to tax the sale and use of goods
in Indiana.
8. Third-Party Defendant Wayfair, Inc. is a business engaged in e-
commerce headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. It sells various products for the
14
home goods sector and ships goods directly to customers throughout the world,
including into Indiana. Wayfair operates five websites including Wayfair, Joss &
Main, AllModern, DwellStudio, and Birch Lane.
9. Third-Party Defendant Overstock.com, Inc. is an online retailer
headquartered in Midvale, Utah. It offers brand name, non-brand name, and closeout
products to customers. It ships purchases directly to customers throughout the world,
including into Indiana.
Personal Jurisdiction
10. Third-Party Defendants are subject to personal jurisdiction as they are
“doing . . . business in this state[.]” Ind. R. Trial P. 4.4(A)(1).
11. Third-Party Defendants are subject to personal jurisdiction “having
supplied or contracted to supply services rendered or to be rendered or goods or
materials furnished or to be furnished in this state” and “on any basis not inconsistent
with the Constitutions of this state or the United States.” Ind. R. Trial P. 4.4(A).
Venue
12. Under Trial Rule 75(a)(8), preferred venue lies in “the county where a
claim in the plaintiff’s complaint may be commenced under any statute recognizing
or creating a special or general remedy or proceeding.”
13. Venue is proper in this Court because House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017)
permits this suit to be brought “in any circuit court or superior court.” Ind. Code § 6-
2.5-9-9.
15
Relevant Legislative Findings
14. The Indiana Legislature enacted House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) to
request that the United States Supreme Court reconsider its doctrine established in
Quill Corp. v. North Dakota, 504 U.S. 298 (1992). In enacting this statute, it made
the following findings:
(1) The inability to effectively collect the gross retail tax or use tax from
remote sellers that deliver tangible personal property, products
transferred electronically, or services directly into Indiana is seriously
eroding the tax base of Indiana and causing revenue losses and
imminent harm to Indiana through the loss of critical funding for state
and local services.
(2) Gross retail tax and use tax revenues are essential in funding state
and local services.
(3) Despite the fact that a use tax is imposed on the storage, use, or
consumption of tangible personal property in Indiana if the property was
acquired in a retail transaction, many remote sellers actively market
sales as “tax free” or as “no sales tax” transactions.
(4) The structural advantages of remote sellers, including the absence of
point-of-sale tax collection, and the general growth of the online retail
industry make clear that further erosion of Indiana's gross retail tax
base is likely in the near future.
(5) Remote sellers that make a substantial number of deliveries into
Indiana or have large gross revenues from Indiana benefit extensively
from Indiana's market (including the economy generally) and from the
infrastructure in Indiana.
(6) In contrast with the expanding harms caused to Indiana from this
exemption of gross retail tax collection obligations for remote sellers, the
costs of that collection have fallen. Given modern computing and
software options, it is neither unusually difficult nor burdensome for
remote sellers to collect and remit gross retail taxes associated with
sales into Indiana.
(7) The Supreme Court of the United States should reconsider its
doctrine that prevents, under certain circumstances, states from
16
requiring remote sellers to collect gross retail tax, and as the findings of
this section make clear, this argument has grown stronger, and the
cause more urgent, with time.
(8) Given the urgent need for the Supreme Court of the United States to
reconsider this doctrine, it is necessary for the general assembly to enact
IC 6–2.5–2–1(c), clarifying the state’s immediate intent to require
collection of gross retail taxes by remote sellers.
(9) Expeditious review is necessary and appropriate because, while it
may be reasonable notwithstanding this law for remote sellers to
continue to refuse to collect the gross retail tax in light of existing federal
constitutional doctrine, such a refusal causes imminent harm to
Indiana.
(10) It is the intent of the general assembly to apply Indiana’s gross
retail tax and use tax obligations to the limit of federal and state
constitutional doctrines and to specify that Indiana law permits the
state to immediately argue in any litigation that such a constitutional
doctrine should be changed to permit the obligation to collect state gross
retail tax as provided in IC 6–2.5–2–1(c).
2017 Ind. Legis. Serv. P.L. 247-2017.
Facts Relevant to Third-Party Plaintiff’ Claims
15. Third-Party Defendant Overstock.com had $1.8 billion in total revenue
in Fiscal Year 2016.
16. Third-Party Defendant Wayfair had $3.4 billion in total revenue in
Fiscal Year 2016.
17. Neither Third-Party Defendant Overstock.com nor Third-Party
Defendant Wayfair currently collect or remit gross retail tax to Indiana as required
under House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017).
17
18. Prior to 2006, Third-Party Defendant Overstock.com had a warehouse
facility in Indiana. During that time, Third-Party Defendant Overstock.com collected
and remitted sales taxes in the state because it had a physical presence in Indiana.
19. Effective August 15, 2007, Third-Party Defendant Overstock.com
terminated its warehouse facility in Indiana, removing its physical presence from the
state. At that time it also ceased collecting and remitting Indiana sales taxes.
20. Currently, neither Third-Party Defendant Overstock.com nor Third-
Party Defendant Wayfair collect and remit Indiana gross retail taxes.
Declaratory Judgment
21. The Indiana Department of Revenue has authority to seek declaratory
judgment under House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017), which states “the department may
bring a declaratory judgment action under IC 34–14–1 in any circuit court or superior
court against a person that the department believes meets the criteria of IC 6–2.5–
2–1(c).”
22. House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) also provides that “A court in which an
action for a declaratory judgment is brought under subsection (a) shall act on the
declaratory judgment action as expeditiously as possible.”
23. Further, under the terms of House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017), the State
and its agencies “may not, during the pendency of the declaratory judgment action . .
. enforce the obligation to collect state gross retail tax as provided in IC 6–2.5–2–1(c)
against any person that does not affirmatively consent or otherwise remit the gross
retail tax on a voluntary basis.” HEA 1129, Section 3.
18
24. The prohibition on enforcement on the obligation to collect state gross
retail tax does not apply when and if “a court enters a final judgment on the merits
declaring that the obligation to collect state gross retail tax as provided in IC 6–2.5–
2–1(c) is valid; and the final judgment of the court is no longer subject to appeal.”
HEA 1129, Section 3.
25. As of the filing of this complaint, the Indiana Department of Revenue is
not authorized to enforce the state gross retail tax of House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017).
WHEREFORE, the Indiana Department of Revenue hereby prays that this
Court:
1. Declare House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) valid and applicable to
the Third-Party Defendants, and
2. Grant such relief as this Court deems just and proper.
Respectfully submitted,
CURTIS T. HILL, Jr.
Indiana Attorney General
Attorney No. 13999-20
Date: August 28, 2017 By: s/ Thomas M. Fisher
Thomas M. Fisher
Solicitor General
Attorney No. 17949-49
Office of the Indiana Attorney General
IGC-South, Fifth Floor
302 West Washington Street
Indianapolis, Indiana 46204-2770
Telephone: (317) 232-6255
Fax: (317) 232-7979
Email: Tom.Fisher@atg.in.gov
Matthew R. Elliott
Deputy Attorney General
Attorney No. 34000-49
Elizabeth M. Littlejohn
Deputy Attorney General
Attorney No. 34097-64
19
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I hereby certify that on August 28, 2017, I electronically filed the foregoing
document using the Indiana E-fling System (“IEFS”). I also certify that on August 28,
2017, the foregoing document was served upon the following persons using the IEFS:
Alice M. Morical (#18418-49)
Michael J. Blinn (#24873-49)
HOOVER HULL TURNER LLP
111 Monument Circle, Suite 4400
P.O. Box 44989
Indianapolis, IN 46244-0989
Tel: 317.822.4400 / Fax: 317.822.0234
amorical@hooverhullturner.com
mblinn@hooverhullturner.com
Attorneys for Plaintiffs
George S. Isaacson (Maine Bar #1878*)
Matthew P. Schaefer (Maine Bar #7992*)
BRANN & ISAACSON
184 Main Street
P.O. Box 3070
Lewiston, ME 04243-3070
gisaacson@brannlaw.com
mschaefer@brannlaw.com
Attorneys for Plaintiffs
*Admitted pro hac vice
A copy of the foregoing document will be served on the following Third-Party
Defendants by Summons via certified mail and properly addressed to the following:
Overstock.com, Inc.
c/o Jonathan E. Johnson,
Registered Agent
799 W. Coliseum Way
Midvale, UT 84047
Overstock.com, Inc.
c/o The Corporation Trust Company,
Registered Agent
Corporation Trust Center
1209 Orange Street
Wilmington, DE 19801
Wayfair, Inc.
c/o Enrique Colbert,
Registered Agent
4 Copley Place, Suite 7000
Boston, MA 02116
Wayfair, Inc.
c/o Incorporating Services, Ltd.,
Registered Agent
3500 S. Dupont Hwy.
Dover, DE 19901
s/ Thomas M. Fisher
Thomas M. Fisher
Solicitor General
Office of the Attorney General
Indiana Government Center South, Fifth Floor
302 West Washington Street
Indianapolis, Indiana 46204-2770
Phone: (317) 232-6255
Fax: (317) 232-7979
Email: Tom.Fisher@atg.in.gov

More Related Content

What's hot

Unfair and Deceptive Practices: A Comparison of the FTC Act and California's UCL
Unfair and Deceptive Practices: A Comparison of the FTC Act and California's UCLUnfair and Deceptive Practices: A Comparison of the FTC Act and California's UCL
Unfair and Deceptive Practices: A Comparison of the FTC Act and California's UCLLenore Albert
 
Complaint American Bar Association V. Federal Trade Commission
Complaint   American Bar Association V. Federal Trade CommissionComplaint   American Bar Association V. Federal Trade Commission
Complaint American Bar Association V. Federal Trade Commissionlawjack
 
Charfauros bus415 wk2. Copyright 2013 Edward F. T. Charfauros. Reference, www...
Charfauros bus415 wk2. Copyright 2013 Edward F. T. Charfauros. Reference, www...Charfauros bus415 wk2. Copyright 2013 Edward F. T. Charfauros. Reference, www...
Charfauros bus415 wk2. Copyright 2013 Edward F. T. Charfauros. Reference, www...Edward F. T. Charfauros
 
Thrive Cannabis TCPA Lawsuit June 2020
Thrive Cannabis TCPA Lawsuit June 2020Thrive Cannabis TCPA Lawsuit June 2020
Thrive Cannabis TCPA Lawsuit June 2020Ryan Porter
 
Harris scaggs v soo line r cowisconsinemploymentlaw
Harris scaggs v soo line r cowisconsinemploymentlawHarris scaggs v soo line r cowisconsinemploymentlaw
Harris scaggs v soo line r cowisconsinemploymentlawBrian Bateman
 
2009 BIOL503 Class 4 Supporting doc: Civil Complaint Ftc Androgel 090202andro...
2009 BIOL503 Class 4 Supporting doc: Civil Complaint Ftc Androgel 090202andro...2009 BIOL503 Class 4 Supporting doc: Civil Complaint Ftc Androgel 090202andro...
2009 BIOL503 Class 4 Supporting doc: Civil Complaint Ftc Androgel 090202andro...Karol Pessin
 
06/29/18 GOOD-FAITH DEMAND. . . 20180460 (Planters Bank Foreclosure Scams)
06/29/18 GOOD-FAITH DEMAND. . . 20180460 (Planters Bank Foreclosure Scams)06/29/18 GOOD-FAITH DEMAND. . . 20180460 (Planters Bank Foreclosure Scams)
06/29/18 GOOD-FAITH DEMAND. . . 20180460 (Planters Bank Foreclosure Scams)VogelDenise
 
Law 531 final exam b.
Law 531 final exam b.Law 531 final exam b.
Law 531 final exam b.nitedalu1986
 
2010 09 30 Order Granting Pls Msj
2010 09 30 Order Granting Pls Msj2010 09 30 Order Granting Pls Msj
2010 09 30 Order Granting Pls MsjSeth Row
 
Dossier 1'50 $ diapsora Celestin et al_v_martelly_et_al__nyedce-18-07340__006...
Dossier 1'50 $ diapsora Celestin et al_v_martelly_et_al__nyedce-18-07340__006...Dossier 1'50 $ diapsora Celestin et al_v_martelly_et_al__nyedce-18-07340__006...
Dossier 1'50 $ diapsora Celestin et al_v_martelly_et_al__nyedce-18-07340__006...Daniel Alouidor
 
Pleading Healthcare Fraud and Abuse Rule 9b 12 b 6 Merritt Rose 05 13
Pleading Healthcare Fraud and Abuse Rule 9b 12 b 6 Merritt Rose 05 13Pleading Healthcare Fraud and Abuse Rule 9b 12 b 6 Merritt Rose 05 13
Pleading Healthcare Fraud and Abuse Rule 9b 12 b 6 Merritt Rose 05 13Martin Merritt
 
OG Collective TCPA Complaint June 2020
OG Collective TCPA Complaint June 2020OG Collective TCPA Complaint June 2020
OG Collective TCPA Complaint June 2020Ryan Porter
 
235515426 partnership-cases-1
235515426 partnership-cases-1235515426 partnership-cases-1
235515426 partnership-cases-1homeworkping3
 
Complaint for Smartphone Lawsuit: Nokia Apple Micounity Samrtphone Technology
Complaint for Smartphone Lawsuit: Nokia Apple Micounity Samrtphone TechnologyComplaint for Smartphone Lawsuit: Nokia Apple Micounity Samrtphone Technology
Complaint for Smartphone Lawsuit: Nokia Apple Micounity Samrtphone Technologyguestb8e739c
 
CSC The UCC & Fixtures
CSC The UCC & FixturesCSC The UCC & Fixtures
CSC The UCC & FixturesJames Wier
 

What's hot (19)

Unfair and Deceptive Practices: A Comparison of the FTC Act and California's UCL
Unfair and Deceptive Practices: A Comparison of the FTC Act and California's UCLUnfair and Deceptive Practices: A Comparison of the FTC Act and California's UCL
Unfair and Deceptive Practices: A Comparison of the FTC Act and California's UCL
 
Complaint American Bar Association V. Federal Trade Commission
Complaint   American Bar Association V. Federal Trade CommissionComplaint   American Bar Association V. Federal Trade Commission
Complaint American Bar Association V. Federal Trade Commission
 
Charfauros bus415 wk2. Copyright 2013 Edward F. T. Charfauros. Reference, www...
Charfauros bus415 wk2. Copyright 2013 Edward F. T. Charfauros. Reference, www...Charfauros bus415 wk2. Copyright 2013 Edward F. T. Charfauros. Reference, www...
Charfauros bus415 wk2. Copyright 2013 Edward F. T. Charfauros. Reference, www...
 
Thrive Cannabis TCPA Lawsuit June 2020
Thrive Cannabis TCPA Lawsuit June 2020Thrive Cannabis TCPA Lawsuit June 2020
Thrive Cannabis TCPA Lawsuit June 2020
 
Harris scaggs v soo line r cowisconsinemploymentlaw
Harris scaggs v soo line r cowisconsinemploymentlawHarris scaggs v soo line r cowisconsinemploymentlaw
Harris scaggs v soo line r cowisconsinemploymentlaw
 
2009 BIOL503 Class 4 Supporting doc: Civil Complaint Ftc Androgel 090202andro...
2009 BIOL503 Class 4 Supporting doc: Civil Complaint Ftc Androgel 090202andro...2009 BIOL503 Class 4 Supporting doc: Civil Complaint Ftc Androgel 090202andro...
2009 BIOL503 Class 4 Supporting doc: Civil Complaint Ftc Androgel 090202andro...
 
06/29/18 GOOD-FAITH DEMAND. . . 20180460 (Planters Bank Foreclosure Scams)
06/29/18 GOOD-FAITH DEMAND. . . 20180460 (Planters Bank Foreclosure Scams)06/29/18 GOOD-FAITH DEMAND. . . 20180460 (Planters Bank Foreclosure Scams)
06/29/18 GOOD-FAITH DEMAND. . . 20180460 (Planters Bank Foreclosure Scams)
 
Law 531 final exam b.
Law 531 final exam b.Law 531 final exam b.
Law 531 final exam b.
 
2010 09 30 Order Granting Pls Msj
2010 09 30 Order Granting Pls Msj2010 09 30 Order Granting Pls Msj
2010 09 30 Order Granting Pls Msj
 
Dossier 1'50 $ diapsora Celestin et al_v_martelly_et_al__nyedce-18-07340__006...
Dossier 1'50 $ diapsora Celestin et al_v_martelly_et_al__nyedce-18-07340__006...Dossier 1'50 $ diapsora Celestin et al_v_martelly_et_al__nyedce-18-07340__006...
Dossier 1'50 $ diapsora Celestin et al_v_martelly_et_al__nyedce-18-07340__006...
 
Pleading Healthcare Fraud and Abuse Rule 9b 12 b 6 Merritt Rose 05 13
Pleading Healthcare Fraud and Abuse Rule 9b 12 b 6 Merritt Rose 05 13Pleading Healthcare Fraud and Abuse Rule 9b 12 b 6 Merritt Rose 05 13
Pleading Healthcare Fraud and Abuse Rule 9b 12 b 6 Merritt Rose 05 13
 
Weiss vs google
Weiss vs googleWeiss vs google
Weiss vs google
 
OG Collective TCPA Complaint June 2020
OG Collective TCPA Complaint June 2020OG Collective TCPA Complaint June 2020
OG Collective TCPA Complaint June 2020
 
235515426 partnership-cases-1
235515426 partnership-cases-1235515426 partnership-cases-1
235515426 partnership-cases-1
 
Necc removal
Necc removalNecc removal
Necc removal
 
Complaint for Smartphone Lawsuit: Nokia Apple Micounity Samrtphone Technology
Complaint for Smartphone Lawsuit: Nokia Apple Micounity Samrtphone TechnologyComplaint for Smartphone Lawsuit: Nokia Apple Micounity Samrtphone Technology
Complaint for Smartphone Lawsuit: Nokia Apple Micounity Samrtphone Technology
 
Mis417 Group1
Mis417 Group1Mis417 Group1
Mis417 Group1
 
Supreme Court July 9
Supreme Court July 9Supreme Court July 9
Supreme Court July 9
 
CSC The UCC & Fixtures
CSC The UCC & FixturesCSC The UCC & Fixtures
CSC The UCC & Fixtures
 

Similar to Indiana Sales Tax Law Challenge

Sample motion for judgment on the pleadings under Rule 12(c) of the Federal R...
Sample motion for judgment on the pleadings under Rule 12(c) of the Federal R...Sample motion for judgment on the pleadings under Rule 12(c) of the Federal R...
Sample motion for judgment on the pleadings under Rule 12(c) of the Federal R...LegalDocsPro
 
Motionto remand
Motionto remandMotionto remand
Motionto remandmzamoralaw
 
Brayshaw v. Annette Garrett, Unconstitutional Internet Posting Removals
Brayshaw v. Annette Garrett, Unconstitutional Internet Posting RemovalsBrayshaw v. Annette Garrett, Unconstitutional Internet Posting Removals
Brayshaw v. Annette Garrett, Unconstitutional Internet Posting RemovalsTerry81
 
Bill Collectors Harassing You? Action Can Be Taken
Bill Collectors Harassing You? Action Can Be TakenBill Collectors Harassing You? Action Can Be Taken
Bill Collectors Harassing You? Action Can Be Takenbreezyreceptacl0
 
FTC Office Supply Lawsuit - Scam Against Small Business
FTC Office Supply Lawsuit - Scam Against Small BusinessFTC Office Supply Lawsuit - Scam Against Small Business
FTC Office Supply Lawsuit - Scam Against Small BusinessSmall Business Trends
 
What do you understand about Bankruptcy Laws - David Ford Avon CT
What do you understand about Bankruptcy Laws - David Ford Avon CTWhat do you understand about Bankruptcy Laws - David Ford Avon CT
What do you understand about Bankruptcy Laws - David Ford Avon CTDavid Ford Avon Ct
 
20-1412-2022-03-31 (1).pdf
20-1412-2022-03-31 (1).pdf20-1412-2022-03-31 (1).pdf
20-1412-2022-03-31 (1).pdfDaniel Alouidor
 
Sample California complaint for breach of contract and common counts
Sample California complaint for breach of contract and common countsSample California complaint for breach of contract and common counts
Sample California complaint for breach of contract and common countsLegalDocsPro
 
225351072 google-google ad-sense_plainte_action-de-groupe_class-action-adsens...
225351072 google-google ad-sense_plainte_action-de-groupe_class-action-adsens...225351072 google-google ad-sense_plainte_action-de-groupe_class-action-adsens...
225351072 google-google ad-sense_plainte_action-de-groupe_class-action-adsens...REITER LEGAL
 
Fierra Inc. is a German automobile manufacturer that has a 5-percent market s...
Fierra Inc. is a German automobile manufacturer that has a 5-percent market s...Fierra Inc. is a German automobile manufacturer that has a 5-percent market s...
Fierra Inc. is a German automobile manufacturer that has a 5-percent market s...Jenyferlopes
 
Class Action WARN lawsuit against Coda
Class Action WARN lawsuit against CodaClass Action WARN lawsuit against Coda
Class Action WARN lawsuit against Codakatiefehren
 
یک رای داوری از Icsid
یک رای داوری از Icsidیک رای داوری از Icsid
یک رای داوری از IcsidDAIVID3
 
FAC TEMURYAN et al vs. GLEN JENSEN
FAC TEMURYAN et al vs. GLEN JENSENFAC TEMURYAN et al vs. GLEN JENSEN
FAC TEMURYAN et al vs. GLEN JENSENOrganoGold
 
Sample california complaint for real estate fraud against seller, broker and ...
Sample california complaint for real estate fraud against seller, broker and ...Sample california complaint for real estate fraud against seller, broker and ...
Sample california complaint for real estate fraud against seller, broker and ...LegalDocsPro
 
The State of the TCPA: Consent, Dialers, the FCC -- the Law is in Flux
The State of the TCPA: Consent, Dialers, the FCC -- the Law is in Flux The State of the TCPA: Consent, Dialers, the FCC -- the Law is in Flux
The State of the TCPA: Consent, Dialers, the FCC -- the Law is in Flux Ryan Thurman
 
Fall 2010 open memo assignment no doubt v. activision right of publicity cali...
Fall 2010 open memo assignment no doubt v. activision right of publicity cali...Fall 2010 open memo assignment no doubt v. activision right of publicity cali...
Fall 2010 open memo assignment no doubt v. activision right of publicity cali...Lyn Goering
 
Dovenberg v. Carter Order
Dovenberg v. Carter OrderDovenberg v. Carter Order
Dovenberg v. Carter OrderSeth Row
 
Defendants dismas charities,inc.,ana gispert,derek thomas and adams leshota's...
Defendants dismas charities,inc.,ana gispert,derek thomas and adams leshota's...Defendants dismas charities,inc.,ana gispert,derek thomas and adams leshota's...
Defendants dismas charities,inc.,ana gispert,derek thomas and adams leshota's...Cocoselul Inaripat
 

Similar to Indiana Sales Tax Law Challenge (20)

Sample motion for judgment on the pleadings under Rule 12(c) of the Federal R...
Sample motion for judgment on the pleadings under Rule 12(c) of the Federal R...Sample motion for judgment on the pleadings under Rule 12(c) of the Federal R...
Sample motion for judgment on the pleadings under Rule 12(c) of the Federal R...
 
Motionto remand
Motionto remandMotionto remand
Motionto remand
 
Brayshaw v. Annette Garrett, Unconstitutional Internet Posting Removals
Brayshaw v. Annette Garrett, Unconstitutional Internet Posting RemovalsBrayshaw v. Annette Garrett, Unconstitutional Internet Posting Removals
Brayshaw v. Annette Garrett, Unconstitutional Internet Posting Removals
 
Bill Collectors Harassing You? Action Can Be Taken
Bill Collectors Harassing You? Action Can Be TakenBill Collectors Harassing You? Action Can Be Taken
Bill Collectors Harassing You? Action Can Be Taken
 
FTC Office Supply Lawsuit - Scam Against Small Business
FTC Office Supply Lawsuit - Scam Against Small BusinessFTC Office Supply Lawsuit - Scam Against Small Business
FTC Office Supply Lawsuit - Scam Against Small Business
 
What do you understand about Bankruptcy Laws - David Ford Avon CT
What do you understand about Bankruptcy Laws - David Ford Avon CTWhat do you understand about Bankruptcy Laws - David Ford Avon CT
What do you understand about Bankruptcy Laws - David Ford Avon CT
 
20-1412-2022-03-31 (1).pdf
20-1412-2022-03-31 (1).pdf20-1412-2022-03-31 (1).pdf
20-1412-2022-03-31 (1).pdf
 
Sample California complaint for breach of contract and common counts
Sample California complaint for breach of contract and common countsSample California complaint for breach of contract and common counts
Sample California complaint for breach of contract and common counts
 
225351072 google-google ad-sense_plainte_action-de-groupe_class-action-adsens...
225351072 google-google ad-sense_plainte_action-de-groupe_class-action-adsens...225351072 google-google ad-sense_plainte_action-de-groupe_class-action-adsens...
225351072 google-google ad-sense_plainte_action-de-groupe_class-action-adsens...
 
Business Law Essays
Business Law EssaysBusiness Law Essays
Business Law Essays
 
Fierra Inc. is a German automobile manufacturer that has a 5-percent market s...
Fierra Inc. is a German automobile manufacturer that has a 5-percent market s...Fierra Inc. is a German automobile manufacturer that has a 5-percent market s...
Fierra Inc. is a German automobile manufacturer that has a 5-percent market s...
 
Class Action WARN lawsuit against Coda
Class Action WARN lawsuit against CodaClass Action WARN lawsuit against Coda
Class Action WARN lawsuit against Coda
 
یک رای داوری از Icsid
یک رای داوری از Icsidیک رای داوری از Icsid
یک رای داوری از Icsid
 
FAC TEMURYAN et al vs. GLEN JENSEN
FAC TEMURYAN et al vs. GLEN JENSENFAC TEMURYAN et al vs. GLEN JENSEN
FAC TEMURYAN et al vs. GLEN JENSEN
 
Sample california complaint for real estate fraud against seller, broker and ...
Sample california complaint for real estate fraud against seller, broker and ...Sample california complaint for real estate fraud against seller, broker and ...
Sample california complaint for real estate fraud against seller, broker and ...
 
The State of the TCPA: Consent, Dialers, the FCC -- the Law is in Flux
The State of the TCPA: Consent, Dialers, the FCC -- the Law is in Flux The State of the TCPA: Consent, Dialers, the FCC -- the Law is in Flux
The State of the TCPA: Consent, Dialers, the FCC -- the Law is in Flux
 
Vandagriff Final Order
Vandagriff Final OrderVandagriff Final Order
Vandagriff Final Order
 
Fall 2010 open memo assignment no doubt v. activision right of publicity cali...
Fall 2010 open memo assignment no doubt v. activision right of publicity cali...Fall 2010 open memo assignment no doubt v. activision right of publicity cali...
Fall 2010 open memo assignment no doubt v. activision right of publicity cali...
 
Dovenberg v. Carter Order
Dovenberg v. Carter OrderDovenberg v. Carter Order
Dovenberg v. Carter Order
 
Defendants dismas charities,inc.,ana gispert,derek thomas and adams leshota's...
Defendants dismas charities,inc.,ana gispert,derek thomas and adams leshota's...Defendants dismas charities,inc.,ana gispert,derek thomas and adams leshota's...
Defendants dismas charities,inc.,ana gispert,derek thomas and adams leshota's...
 

More from Abdul-Hakim Shabazz

Vanderburgh County Sheriff says he will Not Raid Delta 8 Shops
Vanderburgh County Sheriff says he will Not Raid Delta 8 ShopsVanderburgh County Sheriff says he will Not Raid Delta 8 Shops
Vanderburgh County Sheriff says he will Not Raid Delta 8 ShopsAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Another Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe Whitley
Another Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe WhitleyAnother Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe Whitley
Another Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe WhitleyAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Court Denies Rust Request for an Injunction to stay on the ballot
Court Denies Rust Request for an Injunction to stay on the ballotCourt Denies Rust Request for an Injunction to stay on the ballot
Court Denies Rust Request for an Injunction to stay on the ballotAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Jeremey Tevebaugh Indicted for Check Forgery
Jeremey Tevebaugh Indicted for Check ForgeryJeremey Tevebaugh Indicted for Check Forgery
Jeremey Tevebaugh Indicted for Check ForgeryAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Whitley v. Shabazz (Reply and Memo).pdf
Whitley v.  Shabazz (Reply and Memo).pdfWhitley v.  Shabazz (Reply and Memo).pdf
Whitley v. Shabazz (Reply and Memo).pdfAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Gabe Whitley Protective Order Pertition.pdf
Gabe Whitley Protective Order Pertition.pdfGabe Whitley Protective Order Pertition.pdf
Gabe Whitley Protective Order Pertition.pdfAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Gabe Whitley Election Complaint Against Abdul-Hakim Shabazz
Gabe Whitley Election Complaint Against Abdul-Hakim ShabazzGabe Whitley Election Complaint Against Abdul-Hakim Shabazz
Gabe Whitley Election Complaint Against Abdul-Hakim ShabazzAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Here's Your Complimentary Cheat Sheet for 2-13-2024.
Here's Your Complimentary Cheat  Sheet for 2-13-2024.Here's Your Complimentary Cheat  Sheet for 2-13-2024.
Here's Your Complimentary Cheat Sheet for 2-13-2024.Abdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Center Township Constable Arrested on two felony charges
Center Township Constable Arrested on two felony chargesCenter Township Constable Arrested on two felony charges
Center Township Constable Arrested on two felony chargesAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
IN Election Division Candidate ListPrimary_Short2.2.pdf
IN Election Division Candidate ListPrimary_Short2.2.pdfIN Election Division Candidate ListPrimary_Short2.2.pdf
IN Election Division Candidate ListPrimary_Short2.2.pdfAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Misty Noel Probable Cause Affidavit Filed (2).pdf
Misty Noel Probable Cause Affidavit Filed (2).pdfMisty Noel Probable Cause Affidavit Filed (2).pdf
Misty Noel Probable Cause Affidavit Filed (2).pdfAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
7th CD Candidate Makes Sexist Remark Regarding Trump Civil Trial
7th CD Candidate Makes Sexist Remark Regarding Trump Civil Trial7th CD Candidate Makes Sexist Remark Regarding Trump Civil Trial
7th CD Candidate Makes Sexist Remark Regarding Trump Civil TrialAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
If You'd Like To Know Who Has Filed So Far
If You'd Like To Know Who Has Filed So FarIf You'd Like To Know Who Has Filed So Far
If You'd Like To Know Who Has Filed So FarAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Candidate_List_Abbreviated_20240119_035526PM.pdf
Candidate_List_Abbreviated_20240119_035526PM.pdfCandidate_List_Abbreviated_20240119_035526PM.pdf
Candidate_List_Abbreviated_20240119_035526PM.pdfAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Brief - Amicus Curiae (Common Cause of Indiana))
Brief - Amicus Curiae (Common  Cause of Indiana))Brief - Amicus Curiae (Common  Cause of Indiana))
Brief - Amicus Curiae (Common Cause of Indiana))Abdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
2024-Primary-Candidat e-List-1.12.24.pdf
2024-Primary-Candidat  e-List-1.12.24.pdf2024-Primary-Candidat  e-List-1.12.24.pdf
2024-Primary-Candidat e-List-1.12.24.pdfAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
2024 Senate Standing Committee List_1.5.2024 Update.pdf
2024 Senate Standing Committee List_1.5.2024 Update.pdf2024 Senate Standing Committee List_1.5.2024 Update.pdf
2024 Senate Standing Committee List_1.5.2024 Update.pdfAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Todd Rokita's Responds to Disciplinary Commission
Todd Rokita's Responds to Disciplinary CommissionTodd Rokita's Responds to Disciplinary Commission
Todd Rokita's Responds to Disciplinary CommissionAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Default Judgment Entered Against Indiana Congressional Candidate
Default Judgment Entered Against Indiana Congressional CandidateDefault Judgment Entered Against Indiana Congressional Candidate
Default Judgment Entered Against Indiana Congressional CandidateAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Mayor Hogsett 3rd Inaugural Address (1).pdf
Mayor Hogsett 3rd Inaugural Address (1).pdfMayor Hogsett 3rd Inaugural Address (1).pdf
Mayor Hogsett 3rd Inaugural Address (1).pdfAbdul-Hakim Shabazz
 

More from Abdul-Hakim Shabazz (20)

Vanderburgh County Sheriff says he will Not Raid Delta 8 Shops
Vanderburgh County Sheriff says he will Not Raid Delta 8 ShopsVanderburgh County Sheriff says he will Not Raid Delta 8 Shops
Vanderburgh County Sheriff says he will Not Raid Delta 8 Shops
 
Another Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe Whitley
Another Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe WhitleyAnother Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe Whitley
Another Day, Another Default Judgment Against Gabe Whitley
 
Court Denies Rust Request for an Injunction to stay on the ballot
Court Denies Rust Request for an Injunction to stay on the ballotCourt Denies Rust Request for an Injunction to stay on the ballot
Court Denies Rust Request for an Injunction to stay on the ballot
 
Jeremey Tevebaugh Indicted for Check Forgery
Jeremey Tevebaugh Indicted for Check ForgeryJeremey Tevebaugh Indicted for Check Forgery
Jeremey Tevebaugh Indicted for Check Forgery
 
Whitley v. Shabazz (Reply and Memo).pdf
Whitley v.  Shabazz (Reply and Memo).pdfWhitley v.  Shabazz (Reply and Memo).pdf
Whitley v. Shabazz (Reply and Memo).pdf
 
Gabe Whitley Protective Order Pertition.pdf
Gabe Whitley Protective Order Pertition.pdfGabe Whitley Protective Order Pertition.pdf
Gabe Whitley Protective Order Pertition.pdf
 
Gabe Whitley Election Complaint Against Abdul-Hakim Shabazz
Gabe Whitley Election Complaint Against Abdul-Hakim ShabazzGabe Whitley Election Complaint Against Abdul-Hakim Shabazz
Gabe Whitley Election Complaint Against Abdul-Hakim Shabazz
 
Here's Your Complimentary Cheat Sheet for 2-13-2024.
Here's Your Complimentary Cheat  Sheet for 2-13-2024.Here's Your Complimentary Cheat  Sheet for 2-13-2024.
Here's Your Complimentary Cheat Sheet for 2-13-2024.
 
Center Township Constable Arrested on two felony charges
Center Township Constable Arrested on two felony chargesCenter Township Constable Arrested on two felony charges
Center Township Constable Arrested on two felony charges
 
IN Election Division Candidate ListPrimary_Short2.2.pdf
IN Election Division Candidate ListPrimary_Short2.2.pdfIN Election Division Candidate ListPrimary_Short2.2.pdf
IN Election Division Candidate ListPrimary_Short2.2.pdf
 
Misty Noel Probable Cause Affidavit Filed (2).pdf
Misty Noel Probable Cause Affidavit Filed (2).pdfMisty Noel Probable Cause Affidavit Filed (2).pdf
Misty Noel Probable Cause Affidavit Filed (2).pdf
 
7th CD Candidate Makes Sexist Remark Regarding Trump Civil Trial
7th CD Candidate Makes Sexist Remark Regarding Trump Civil Trial7th CD Candidate Makes Sexist Remark Regarding Trump Civil Trial
7th CD Candidate Makes Sexist Remark Regarding Trump Civil Trial
 
If You'd Like To Know Who Has Filed So Far
If You'd Like To Know Who Has Filed So FarIf You'd Like To Know Who Has Filed So Far
If You'd Like To Know Who Has Filed So Far
 
Candidate_List_Abbreviated_20240119_035526PM.pdf
Candidate_List_Abbreviated_20240119_035526PM.pdfCandidate_List_Abbreviated_20240119_035526PM.pdf
Candidate_List_Abbreviated_20240119_035526PM.pdf
 
Brief - Amicus Curiae (Common Cause of Indiana))
Brief - Amicus Curiae (Common  Cause of Indiana))Brief - Amicus Curiae (Common  Cause of Indiana))
Brief - Amicus Curiae (Common Cause of Indiana))
 
2024-Primary-Candidat e-List-1.12.24.pdf
2024-Primary-Candidat  e-List-1.12.24.pdf2024-Primary-Candidat  e-List-1.12.24.pdf
2024-Primary-Candidat e-List-1.12.24.pdf
 
2024 Senate Standing Committee List_1.5.2024 Update.pdf
2024 Senate Standing Committee List_1.5.2024 Update.pdf2024 Senate Standing Committee List_1.5.2024 Update.pdf
2024 Senate Standing Committee List_1.5.2024 Update.pdf
 
Todd Rokita's Responds to Disciplinary Commission
Todd Rokita's Responds to Disciplinary CommissionTodd Rokita's Responds to Disciplinary Commission
Todd Rokita's Responds to Disciplinary Commission
 
Default Judgment Entered Against Indiana Congressional Candidate
Default Judgment Entered Against Indiana Congressional CandidateDefault Judgment Entered Against Indiana Congressional Candidate
Default Judgment Entered Against Indiana Congressional Candidate
 
Mayor Hogsett 3rd Inaugural Address (1).pdf
Mayor Hogsett 3rd Inaugural Address (1).pdfMayor Hogsett 3rd Inaugural Address (1).pdf
Mayor Hogsett 3rd Inaugural Address (1).pdf
 

Recently uploaded

Defensa de JOH insiste que testimonio de analista de la DEA es falso y solici...
Defensa de JOH insiste que testimonio de analista de la DEA es falso y solici...Defensa de JOH insiste que testimonio de analista de la DEA es falso y solici...
Defensa de JOH insiste que testimonio de analista de la DEA es falso y solici...AlexisTorres963861
 
AP Election Survey 2024: TDP-Janasena-BJP Alliance Set To Sweep Victory
AP Election Survey 2024: TDP-Janasena-BJP Alliance Set To Sweep VictoryAP Election Survey 2024: TDP-Janasena-BJP Alliance Set To Sweep Victory
AP Election Survey 2024: TDP-Janasena-BJP Alliance Set To Sweep Victoryanjanibaddipudi1
 
25042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
25042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf25042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
25042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
 
KAHULUGAN AT KAHALAGAHAN NG GAWAING PANSIBIKO.pptx
KAHULUGAN AT KAHALAGAHAN NG GAWAING PANSIBIKO.pptxKAHULUGAN AT KAHALAGAHAN NG GAWAING PANSIBIKO.pptx
KAHULUGAN AT KAHALAGAHAN NG GAWAING PANSIBIKO.pptxjohnandrewcarlos
 
Nurturing Families, Empowering Lives: TDP's Vision for Family Welfare in Andh...
Nurturing Families, Empowering Lives: TDP's Vision for Family Welfare in Andh...Nurturing Families, Empowering Lives: TDP's Vision for Family Welfare in Andh...
Nurturing Families, Empowering Lives: TDP's Vision for Family Welfare in Andh...narsireddynannuri1
 
Call Girls in Mira Road Mumbai ( Neha 09892124323 ) College Escorts Service i...
Call Girls in Mira Road Mumbai ( Neha 09892124323 ) College Escorts Service i...Call Girls in Mira Road Mumbai ( Neha 09892124323 ) College Escorts Service i...
Call Girls in Mira Road Mumbai ( Neha 09892124323 ) College Escorts Service i...Pooja Nehwal
 
Roberts Rules Cheat Sheet for LD4 Precinct Commiteemen
Roberts Rules Cheat Sheet for LD4 Precinct CommiteemenRoberts Rules Cheat Sheet for LD4 Precinct Commiteemen
Roberts Rules Cheat Sheet for LD4 Precinct Commiteemenkfjstone13
 
VIP Girls Available Call or WhatsApp 9711199012
VIP Girls Available Call or WhatsApp 9711199012VIP Girls Available Call or WhatsApp 9711199012
VIP Girls Available Call or WhatsApp 9711199012ankitnayak356677
 
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa_walter.pdf
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa_walter.pdfHow Europe Underdeveloped Africa_walter.pdf
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa_walter.pdfLorenzo Lemes
 
Manipur-Book-Final-2-compressed.pdfsal'rpk
Manipur-Book-Final-2-compressed.pdfsal'rpkManipur-Book-Final-2-compressed.pdfsal'rpk
Manipur-Book-Final-2-compressed.pdfsal'rpkbhavenpr
 
Different Frontiers of Social Media War in Indonesia Elections 2024
Different Frontiers of Social Media War in Indonesia Elections 2024Different Frontiers of Social Media War in Indonesia Elections 2024
Different Frontiers of Social Media War in Indonesia Elections 2024Ismail Fahmi
 
26042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
26042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf26042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
26042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
 
College Call Girls Kolhapur Aanya 8617697112 Independent Escort Service Kolhapur
College Call Girls Kolhapur Aanya 8617697112 Independent Escort Service KolhapurCollege Call Girls Kolhapur Aanya 8617697112 Independent Escort Service Kolhapur
College Call Girls Kolhapur Aanya 8617697112 Independent Escort Service KolhapurCall girls in Ahmedabad High profile
 
2024 03 13 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes_FINAL.docx
2024 03 13 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes_FINAL.docx2024 03 13 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes_FINAL.docx
2024 03 13 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes_FINAL.docxkfjstone13
 
Dynamics of Destructive Polarisation in Mainstream and Social Media: The Case...
Dynamics of Destructive Polarisation in Mainstream and Social Media: The Case...Dynamics of Destructive Polarisation in Mainstream and Social Media: The Case...
Dynamics of Destructive Polarisation in Mainstream and Social Media: The Case...Axel Bruns
 
如何办理(BU学位证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证学位证书
如何办理(BU学位证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证学位证书如何办理(BU学位证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证学位证书
如何办理(BU学位证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证学位证书Fi L
 
Referendum Party 2024 Election Manifesto
Referendum Party 2024 Election ManifestoReferendum Party 2024 Election Manifesto
Referendum Party 2024 Election ManifestoSABC News
 
Israel Palestine Conflict, The issue and historical context!
Israel Palestine Conflict, The issue and historical context!Israel Palestine Conflict, The issue and historical context!
Israel Palestine Conflict, The issue and historical context!Krish109503
 
Minto-Morley Reforms 1909 (constitution).pptx
Minto-Morley Reforms 1909 (constitution).pptxMinto-Morley Reforms 1909 (constitution).pptx
Minto-Morley Reforms 1909 (constitution).pptxAwaiskhalid96
 
Vashi Escorts, {Pooja 09892124323}, Vashi Call Girls
Vashi Escorts, {Pooja 09892124323}, Vashi Call GirlsVashi Escorts, {Pooja 09892124323}, Vashi Call Girls
Vashi Escorts, {Pooja 09892124323}, Vashi Call GirlsPooja Nehwal
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Defensa de JOH insiste que testimonio de analista de la DEA es falso y solici...
Defensa de JOH insiste que testimonio de analista de la DEA es falso y solici...Defensa de JOH insiste que testimonio de analista de la DEA es falso y solici...
Defensa de JOH insiste que testimonio de analista de la DEA es falso y solici...
 
AP Election Survey 2024: TDP-Janasena-BJP Alliance Set To Sweep Victory
AP Election Survey 2024: TDP-Janasena-BJP Alliance Set To Sweep VictoryAP Election Survey 2024: TDP-Janasena-BJP Alliance Set To Sweep Victory
AP Election Survey 2024: TDP-Janasena-BJP Alliance Set To Sweep Victory
 
25042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
25042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf25042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
25042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
 
KAHULUGAN AT KAHALAGAHAN NG GAWAING PANSIBIKO.pptx
KAHULUGAN AT KAHALAGAHAN NG GAWAING PANSIBIKO.pptxKAHULUGAN AT KAHALAGAHAN NG GAWAING PANSIBIKO.pptx
KAHULUGAN AT KAHALAGAHAN NG GAWAING PANSIBIKO.pptx
 
Nurturing Families, Empowering Lives: TDP's Vision for Family Welfare in Andh...
Nurturing Families, Empowering Lives: TDP's Vision for Family Welfare in Andh...Nurturing Families, Empowering Lives: TDP's Vision for Family Welfare in Andh...
Nurturing Families, Empowering Lives: TDP's Vision for Family Welfare in Andh...
 
Call Girls in Mira Road Mumbai ( Neha 09892124323 ) College Escorts Service i...
Call Girls in Mira Road Mumbai ( Neha 09892124323 ) College Escorts Service i...Call Girls in Mira Road Mumbai ( Neha 09892124323 ) College Escorts Service i...
Call Girls in Mira Road Mumbai ( Neha 09892124323 ) College Escorts Service i...
 
Roberts Rules Cheat Sheet for LD4 Precinct Commiteemen
Roberts Rules Cheat Sheet for LD4 Precinct CommiteemenRoberts Rules Cheat Sheet for LD4 Precinct Commiteemen
Roberts Rules Cheat Sheet for LD4 Precinct Commiteemen
 
VIP Girls Available Call or WhatsApp 9711199012
VIP Girls Available Call or WhatsApp 9711199012VIP Girls Available Call or WhatsApp 9711199012
VIP Girls Available Call or WhatsApp 9711199012
 
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa_walter.pdf
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa_walter.pdfHow Europe Underdeveloped Africa_walter.pdf
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa_walter.pdf
 
Manipur-Book-Final-2-compressed.pdfsal'rpk
Manipur-Book-Final-2-compressed.pdfsal'rpkManipur-Book-Final-2-compressed.pdfsal'rpk
Manipur-Book-Final-2-compressed.pdfsal'rpk
 
Different Frontiers of Social Media War in Indonesia Elections 2024
Different Frontiers of Social Media War in Indonesia Elections 2024Different Frontiers of Social Media War in Indonesia Elections 2024
Different Frontiers of Social Media War in Indonesia Elections 2024
 
26042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
26042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf26042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
26042024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdf
 
College Call Girls Kolhapur Aanya 8617697112 Independent Escort Service Kolhapur
College Call Girls Kolhapur Aanya 8617697112 Independent Escort Service KolhapurCollege Call Girls Kolhapur Aanya 8617697112 Independent Escort Service Kolhapur
College Call Girls Kolhapur Aanya 8617697112 Independent Escort Service Kolhapur
 
2024 03 13 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes_FINAL.docx
2024 03 13 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes_FINAL.docx2024 03 13 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes_FINAL.docx
2024 03 13 AZ GOP LD4 Gen Meeting Minutes_FINAL.docx
 
Dynamics of Destructive Polarisation in Mainstream and Social Media: The Case...
Dynamics of Destructive Polarisation in Mainstream and Social Media: The Case...Dynamics of Destructive Polarisation in Mainstream and Social Media: The Case...
Dynamics of Destructive Polarisation in Mainstream and Social Media: The Case...
 
如何办理(BU学位证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证学位证书
如何办理(BU学位证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证学位证书如何办理(BU学位证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证学位证书
如何办理(BU学位证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证学位证书
 
Referendum Party 2024 Election Manifesto
Referendum Party 2024 Election ManifestoReferendum Party 2024 Election Manifesto
Referendum Party 2024 Election Manifesto
 
Israel Palestine Conflict, The issue and historical context!
Israel Palestine Conflict, The issue and historical context!Israel Palestine Conflict, The issue and historical context!
Israel Palestine Conflict, The issue and historical context!
 
Minto-Morley Reforms 1909 (constitution).pptx
Minto-Morley Reforms 1909 (constitution).pptxMinto-Morley Reforms 1909 (constitution).pptx
Minto-Morley Reforms 1909 (constitution).pptx
 
Vashi Escorts, {Pooja 09892124323}, Vashi Call Girls
Vashi Escorts, {Pooja 09892124323}, Vashi Call GirlsVashi Escorts, {Pooja 09892124323}, Vashi Call Girls
Vashi Escorts, {Pooja 09892124323}, Vashi Call Girls
 

Indiana Sales Tax Law Challenge

  • 1. 1 STATE OF INDIANA ) IN MARION SUPERIOR COURT 1 )SS: COMMERCIAL COURT DOCKET COUNTY OF MARION ) CAUSE NO. 49D01-1706-PL-025964 AMERICAN CATALOG MAILERS ) ASSOCIATION and NETCHOICE, ) ) Plaintiffs, ) ) v. ) ) ADAM KRUPP, in his official capacity as ) the Commissioner of the Indiana ) Department of Revenue, ERIC HOLCOMB, ) in his official capacity as Governor of the ) State of Indiana, and INDIANA ) DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE, ) ) Defendants. ) ----------------------------------------------------------- ) INDIANA DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE, ) ) Third-Party Plaintiff, ) ) v. ) ) WAYFAIR, INC. and ) OVERSTOCK.COM INC., ) ) Third-Party Defendants. ) ANSWER AND THIRD-PARTY COMPLAINT Defendant Eric Holcomb, in his official capacity as Governor of the State of Indiana, Adam Krupp, in his official capacity as the Commissioner of the Indiana Department of Revenue, and Indiana Department of Revenue, by counsel, Attorney General Curtis T. Hill, Jr., Solicitor General Thomas M. Fisher, and Deputy Attorneys General Matthew R. Elliott and Elizabeth M. Littlejohn, answers Plaintiffs’ Complaint as follows:
  • 2. 2 NATURE OF THE ACTION 1. This is an action for declaratory judgment by the ACMA and NetChoice challenging the constitutionality of a newly enacted statute, House Enrolled Act. No. 1129 (2017) (“Act 1129”), which was adopted by the legislature with the express understanding that its terms contradict the United States Supreme Court’s decision in Quill Corp. v. North Dakota, 504 U.S. 298 (1992), regarding the limitations on state taxing power under the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution. The Supreme Court in Quill held that a State lacks the authority under the Commerce Clause to impose state sales and use tax collection and reporting obligations upon a seller that has no physical presence in the state, either directly or through third parties, and whose only connection with the state is communicating with customers via the instrumentalities of interstate commerce, i.e., telephone, U.S. mail, common carrier, and now the Internet. See Quill Corp., 504 U.S. at 313-19. The new statute, Act 1129, imposes the obligation to report Indiana gross retail tax expressly upon retail merchants and service providers that have no physical presence in the state, based solely on making sales over certain minimum thresholds to Indiana customers via telephone, mail order, email, and the Internet. Because Act 1129 violates the Quill physical presence requirement, usurps the role of Congress in regulating interstate commerce, and unlawfully expands the State’s taxing authority over companies, individuals, and organizations located throughout in the United States, and potentially the world, based solely on their having customers in Indiana, the law is plainly unconstitutional.
  • 3. 3 ANSWER: This portion of the Complaint contains a characterization of the case to which an answer is not required, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 1 of the Complaint. PARTIES 2. Plaintiff ACMA is incorporated in Washington, D.C. and is the leading trade association in the United States representing the interest of companies, individuals, and organizations engaged in and supporting catalog marketing. ANSWER: Defendants admit ACMA is incorporated in Washington, D.C. As to the remainder of the allegations, Defendants are without sufficient knowledge to admit or deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 2 of the Complaint and therefore deny the same. 3. Plaintiff NetChoice is incorporated in Washington, D.C., and is a leading trade association of Internet companies and organizations dedicated to advancing the interests of eCommerce businesses and online consumers. ANSWER: Defendants admit NetChoice is incorporated in Washington, D.C. As to the remainder of the allegations, Defendants are without sufficient knowledge to admit or deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 3 of the Complaint and therefore deny the same. 4. Defendant Adam Krupp is the Commissioner of the Indiana Department of Revenue (“Department”) and is charged with the enforcement of Act 1129. ANSWER: Defendants admit the allegations set forth in paragraph 4 of the Complaint. 5. Defendant Eric Holcomb, is the Governor of the State of Indiana. It is his responsibility under Article 4, § 16 of the Indiana Constitution to “Take care that the laws are faithfully executed,” and is charged with the enforcement of Act 1129. Governor Holcomb is sued in his official capacity.
  • 4. 4 ANSWER: Defendants admit that Eric Holcomb is the Governor of the State of Indiana and that he is sued in his official capacity. Article 4, § 16 of the Indiana Constitution speaks for itself and an answer is not required. Defendants deny that Governor Holcomb is charged with any enforcement of Act 1129. 6. Defendant Indiana Department of Revenue (“IDR”) is charged with the enforcement of Act 1129. ANSWER: Defendants admit the allegations set forth in paragraph 6 of the Complaint. JURISDICTION AND VENUE 7. The Court has jurisdiction to adjudicate this action under the Indiana Uniform Declaratory Judgment Act, Ind. Code § 34-14-1-1 et seq, and 42 U.S.C. § 1983. ANSWER: Both Indiana Code § 34-14-1-1 et seq. and 42 U.S.C. § 1983 speak for themselves and an answer is not required. In addition, this paragraph recites a legal conclusion that does not require an answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny. 8. Venue is proper in this county under Ind. R. Civ. P. 75(4) because the principal office of the Defendant is located here and the Defendant will be required to take action to enforce Act 1129 from the Department’s Offices in this county. ANSWER: Indiana Rule of Civil Procedure 75(4) speaks for itself and an answer is not required. ALLEGATIONS 9. The United States Supreme Court, in Quill, held that sellers “who do no more than communicate with customers in the State by mail or common carrier as a part of a general interstate business” lack the necessary “substantial nexus” with a
  • 5. 5 State for the State to require such out-of-state sellers to collect and remit the State’s sales and use taxes. 504 U.S. at 307, 313-319. ANSWER: Quill Corp. v. North Dakota, 504 U.S. 298 (1992), speaks for itself and an answer is not required. 10. The Court in Quill reaffirmed that in order for a State to have the authority under the “substantial nexus” standard of the Commerce Clause to require an out-of-state seller to collect or report the State’s sales and use taxes, the seller must have a “physical presence” in the state. Id. at 314, 317-18. ANSWER: Quill Corp. v. North Dakota, 504 U.S. 298 (1992), speaks for itself and an answer is not required. 11. The United States Supreme Court has not overruled, superseded, or limited its decision in Quill. ANSWER: This paragraph recites a legal conclusion that does not require an answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 11 of the Complaint. 12. The physical presence requirement of Quill currently remains the law of the land under the United States Constitution. The States, including Indiana, are bound by Quill. ANSWER: This paragraph recites a legal conclusion that does not require an answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 12 of the Complaint. 13. On April 28, 2017, Governor Holcomb signed Act 1129 into law. ANSWER: Defendants admit the allegations set forth in paragraph 13 of the Complaint. 14. Act 1129 provides that “[a] retail merchant that does not have physical presence Indiana” is required to collect and remit gross retail tax if the retail
  • 6. 6 merchant meets either of two, alternative criteria in the prior or the current calendar year: (a) the retail merchant’s gross revenue from the sale of tangible personal property, any product transferred electronically, or services delivered into Indiana exceeds one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000); or (b) the seller sold tangible personal property, any product transferred electronically, or services for delivery into Indiana in two hundred (200) or more separate transactions. Act 1129, § 2. ANSWER: House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) speaks for itself and an answer is not required. 15. Act 1129 takes effect on July 1, 2017. ANSWER: Defendants admit the allegations set forth in paragraph 15 of the Complaint. 16. Both ACMA and NetChoice have members who are directly and adversely affected by the sales tax reporting obligations imposed under Act 1129. ANSWER: Defendants are without sufficient knowledge to admit or deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 16 of the Complaint and therefore deny the same. 17. Act 1129 contains a lengthy statement of general assembly findings. The findings expressly acknowledge that “[t]he Supreme Court of the United States should reconsider its doctrine that prevents … states from requiring remote sellers to collect gross retail tax….” Id. § 5(7). ANSWER: House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) speaks for itself and an answer is not required. 18. The findings further acknowledge that “it may be reasonable notwithstanding this law for remote sellers to continue to refuse to collect the gross retail tax in light of existing federal constitutional doctrine…” Id. § 5(8).
  • 7. 7 ANSWER: House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) speaks for itself and an answer is not required. 19. Act 1129 is modelled after a South Dakota statute that includes substantially identical provisions purporting to require sales tax collection by out-of- state retailers that have no physical presence in the State. The South Dakota statute likewise contains a substantially similar, equally lengthy statement of legislative findings. ANSWER: Defendants are without sufficient knowledge to admit or deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 19 of the Complaint and therefore deny the same. 20. The South Dakota statute was declared unlawful and its enforcement enjoined by the South Dakota Circuit Court by order dated March 6, 2017. ANSWER: This paragraph recites allegations that are vague and ambiguous. 21. On June 21, 2017, counsel for the Plaintiffs wrote to the Defendant, Commissioner Krupp, alerting him to the Plaintiffs’ position that Act 1129 is unconstitutional. ANSWER: Defendants admit the allegations set forth in paragraph 21 of the Complaint. 22. Plaintiffs’ counsel further noted that litigation presenting the identical federal constitutional issues is now before the South Dakota Supreme Court on a “fast track” schedule with the express understanding that the State of South Dakota will seek review by the United States Supreme Court. Plaintiffs’ counsel invited Commissioner Krupp to suspend enforcement of Act 1129 pending resolution of the South Dakota appeal. Commissioner Krupp has not responded.
  • 8. 8 ANSWER: Defendants admit the allegations set forth in paragraph 22 of the Complaint. COUNT I – Declaratory Judgment and 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Violation of the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution 23. Plaintiffs incorporate the allegations of paragraphs 1–22 as if fully set forth herein. ANSWER: Defendants incorporate the prior responses as if set forth fully herein. 24. Quill bars a State from requiring sales and use tax collection and reporting by an out-of-state seller or service provider that has no physical presence in the state. ANSWER: Quill Corp. v. North Dakota, 504 U.S. 298 (1992), speaks for itself and an answer is not required, but to the extent an answer is required Defendants deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 24 of the Complaint. 25. Act 1129 expressly requires out-of-state catalog merchants, Internet sellers, and service providers that do “not have a physical presence in the state” to report Indiana gross retail taxes. ANSWER: House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) speaks for itself and an answer is not required. 26. Act 1129, on its face, violates the Commerce Clause under Quill. ANSWER: This paragraph recites legal conclusions that do not require an answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 26 of the Complaint. 27. The Defendant is the state official charged with, and liable for, the enforcement of Act 1129. ANSWER: Defendants admit that Commissioner Krupp, in his official capacity and the Indiana Department of Revenue are charged with the
  • 9. 9 enforcement of Act 1129. Defendants deny that Governor Holcomb, in his official capacity, is charged with any enforcement of Act 1129. 28. This Court is bound to follow and enforce Supreme Court precedent. ANSWER: As Article VI, Clause 2 of the Constitution states: “This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States . . . shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby[.]” This allegation is also vague and ambiguous and an answer is not required. 29. This Court is empowered under the Uniform Declaratory Judgments Act, Ind. Code § 34-14-1-1 et seq, to declare the rights and obligations of the parties under Act 1129. ANSWER: Indiana Code § 34-14-1-1 et seq. speaks for itself and an answer is not required. 30. This Court should declare Act 1129 unconstitutional and unenforceable, and award such further relief as is just and proper. ANSWER: This paragraph recites legal conclusions that do not require an answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 30 of the Complaint. COUNT II – Declaratory Judgment and 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Violation of the Due Process Clause of the United States Constitution 31. Plaintiffs incorporate the allegations of paragraphs 1–30 as if fully set forth herein. ANSWER: Defendants incorporate the prior responses as if set forth fully herein. 32. The Due Process Clause of the United States Constitution, made applicable to the States through the Fourteenth Amendment, requires a definite link and a minimum connection between the state and a person it seeks to tax. ANSWER: This paragraph recites legal conclusions that do not require an
  • 10. 10 answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 32 of the Complaint. 33. The Supreme Court has not determined whether, for purposes of the Due Process Clause, the prescriptive jurisdiction of a state, i.e., its jurisdiction to impose tax or regulatory obligations, is co-extensive with the state’s adjudicative jurisdiction. ANSWER: This paragraph recites legal conclusions that do not require an answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 33 of the Complaint. 34. The minimum thresholds in Act 1129 for asserting prescriptive jurisdiction over retail merchants that have no physical presence in the state are inconsistent with the requirements of the Due Process Clause. ANSWER: This paragraph recites legal conclusions that do not require an answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 34 of the Complaint. 35. The Defendant is the state official charged with, and liable for, the enforcement of Act 1129. ANSWER: Defendants admit that Commissioner Krupp, in his official capacity and the Indiana Department of Revenue are charged with the enforcement of Act 1129. Defendants deny that Governor Holcomb, in his official capacity, is charged with any enforcement of Act 1129. 36. This Court is empowered under the Uniform Declaratory Judgments Act, Ind. Code § 34-14-1-1 et seq, to declare the rights and obligations of the parties under Act 1129. ANSWER: Indiana Code § 34-14-1-1 et seq. speaks for itself and an answer is not required.
  • 11. 11 37. This Court should declare Act 1129 unconstitutional and unenforceable under the Due Process Clause, and award such further relief as is just and proper. ANSWER: This paragraph recites legal conclusions that do not require an answer, but to the extent an answer is required, Defendants deny the allegations set forth in paragraph 37 of the Complaint. WHEREFORE, Plaintiffs respectfully pray that the Court: (A) enter a d eclaration that Act 1129 is unconstitutional and unenforceable on its face; (B) enter judgment for the Plaintiffs; (C) enjoin enforcement of Act 1129; (D) award the Plaintiffs their attorneys’ fees and costs; and (E) grant such further relief as the Court deems just and proper. ANSWER: Defendants deny that Plaintiffs are entitled to the relief requested in their Complaint. WHEREFORE, Defendants respectfully requests that the Plaintiffs take nothing by way of their Complaint; that the Plaintiffs’ claims be dismissed with prejudice in their entirety; that judgment be entered in favor of Defendants and against the Plaintiffs pursuant to applicable laws; and Defendants have such other and further relief as this Court may deem just and appropriate. GENERAL DENIAL Defendants deny any and all remaining allegations set forth in Plaintiffs’ Complaint not herein previously admitted or denied. AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSES 1. The Court lacks jurisdiction over one or more claims asserted by Plaintiffs because the Governor is not a suitable defendant under the principles of standing and sovereign immunity, which bar this action against the Governor.
  • 12. 12 2. One or more claims asserted by Plaintiffs fail to state a claim on which relief can be granted. 3. Plaintiffs lack standing to bring one or more of the claims. 4. The challenged public law is constitutional. 5. Defendants reserve the right to assert other affirmative defenses that may become apparent during the course of discovery, and therefore also reserve the right to amend their Answer to assert additional affirmative defenses. THIRD-PARTY COMPLAINT Pursuant to Indiana Trial Rule 14, the Indiana Department of Revenue, Third- Party Plaintiff in this matter, for their Third-Party Complaint against Wayfair, Inc. and Overstock.com, Inc. state and allege as follows: 1. Third-Party Plaintiff incorporates by reference all responses to the paragraphs of the Complaint as though set forth above. 2. “The purpose of Trial Rule 14 is to permit common questions of fact to be determined in one litigation in order to avoid delay between a judgment against a party in one action and a judgment for him in a separate action, and to militate against the possibility of inconsistent results.” City of Elkhart v. Middleton, 356 N.E.2d 207, 211 (Ind. 1976). 3. Third-Party Plaintiff seeks to have common questions of fact to be determined—namely, whether House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) is valid—against Third-Party Defendants.
  • 13. 13 Background 4. Third-Party Plaintiff, the Indiana Department of Revenue, seeks a declaratory judgment to enforce House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) to require all retail merchants to collect and remit state gross retail tax. House Enrolled Act 1129, Ind. Legis. Serv. P.L. 247-2017 (Ind. 2017). 5. Governor Eric Holcomb signed House Enrolled Act 1129 on April 28, 2017 with effective date July 1, 2017. The Act requires “a retail merchant that does not have physical presence in Indiana” to “collect . . . and remit the gross retail tax . . . if the retail merchant” has gross revenue that “exceeds one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000)” or sells “in two hundred (200) or more separate transactions.” HEA 1129, Section 2. 6. On information and belief, Third-Party Defendants Overstock.com, Inc. and Wayfair, Inc. are merchants not having a physical presence in Indiana but having gross revenue from Indiana sales exceeding $100,000 per year and 200 transactions per year. Parties 7. Third-Party Plaintiff Indiana Department of Revenue administers the laws of the state respecting taxation, including the sales tax as an agency of the State of Indiana, which is a sovereign state with authority to tax the sale and use of goods in Indiana. 8. Third-Party Defendant Wayfair, Inc. is a business engaged in e- commerce headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. It sells various products for the
  • 14. 14 home goods sector and ships goods directly to customers throughout the world, including into Indiana. Wayfair operates five websites including Wayfair, Joss & Main, AllModern, DwellStudio, and Birch Lane. 9. Third-Party Defendant Overstock.com, Inc. is an online retailer headquartered in Midvale, Utah. It offers brand name, non-brand name, and closeout products to customers. It ships purchases directly to customers throughout the world, including into Indiana. Personal Jurisdiction 10. Third-Party Defendants are subject to personal jurisdiction as they are “doing . . . business in this state[.]” Ind. R. Trial P. 4.4(A)(1). 11. Third-Party Defendants are subject to personal jurisdiction “having supplied or contracted to supply services rendered or to be rendered or goods or materials furnished or to be furnished in this state” and “on any basis not inconsistent with the Constitutions of this state or the United States.” Ind. R. Trial P. 4.4(A). Venue 12. Under Trial Rule 75(a)(8), preferred venue lies in “the county where a claim in the plaintiff’s complaint may be commenced under any statute recognizing or creating a special or general remedy or proceeding.” 13. Venue is proper in this Court because House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) permits this suit to be brought “in any circuit court or superior court.” Ind. Code § 6- 2.5-9-9.
  • 15. 15 Relevant Legislative Findings 14. The Indiana Legislature enacted House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) to request that the United States Supreme Court reconsider its doctrine established in Quill Corp. v. North Dakota, 504 U.S. 298 (1992). In enacting this statute, it made the following findings: (1) The inability to effectively collect the gross retail tax or use tax from remote sellers that deliver tangible personal property, products transferred electronically, or services directly into Indiana is seriously eroding the tax base of Indiana and causing revenue losses and imminent harm to Indiana through the loss of critical funding for state and local services. (2) Gross retail tax and use tax revenues are essential in funding state and local services. (3) Despite the fact that a use tax is imposed on the storage, use, or consumption of tangible personal property in Indiana if the property was acquired in a retail transaction, many remote sellers actively market sales as “tax free” or as “no sales tax” transactions. (4) The structural advantages of remote sellers, including the absence of point-of-sale tax collection, and the general growth of the online retail industry make clear that further erosion of Indiana's gross retail tax base is likely in the near future. (5) Remote sellers that make a substantial number of deliveries into Indiana or have large gross revenues from Indiana benefit extensively from Indiana's market (including the economy generally) and from the infrastructure in Indiana. (6) In contrast with the expanding harms caused to Indiana from this exemption of gross retail tax collection obligations for remote sellers, the costs of that collection have fallen. Given modern computing and software options, it is neither unusually difficult nor burdensome for remote sellers to collect and remit gross retail taxes associated with sales into Indiana. (7) The Supreme Court of the United States should reconsider its doctrine that prevents, under certain circumstances, states from
  • 16. 16 requiring remote sellers to collect gross retail tax, and as the findings of this section make clear, this argument has grown stronger, and the cause more urgent, with time. (8) Given the urgent need for the Supreme Court of the United States to reconsider this doctrine, it is necessary for the general assembly to enact IC 6–2.5–2–1(c), clarifying the state’s immediate intent to require collection of gross retail taxes by remote sellers. (9) Expeditious review is necessary and appropriate because, while it may be reasonable notwithstanding this law for remote sellers to continue to refuse to collect the gross retail tax in light of existing federal constitutional doctrine, such a refusal causes imminent harm to Indiana. (10) It is the intent of the general assembly to apply Indiana’s gross retail tax and use tax obligations to the limit of federal and state constitutional doctrines and to specify that Indiana law permits the state to immediately argue in any litigation that such a constitutional doctrine should be changed to permit the obligation to collect state gross retail tax as provided in IC 6–2.5–2–1(c). 2017 Ind. Legis. Serv. P.L. 247-2017. Facts Relevant to Third-Party Plaintiff’ Claims 15. Third-Party Defendant Overstock.com had $1.8 billion in total revenue in Fiscal Year 2016. 16. Third-Party Defendant Wayfair had $3.4 billion in total revenue in Fiscal Year 2016. 17. Neither Third-Party Defendant Overstock.com nor Third-Party Defendant Wayfair currently collect or remit gross retail tax to Indiana as required under House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017).
  • 17. 17 18. Prior to 2006, Third-Party Defendant Overstock.com had a warehouse facility in Indiana. During that time, Third-Party Defendant Overstock.com collected and remitted sales taxes in the state because it had a physical presence in Indiana. 19. Effective August 15, 2007, Third-Party Defendant Overstock.com terminated its warehouse facility in Indiana, removing its physical presence from the state. At that time it also ceased collecting and remitting Indiana sales taxes. 20. Currently, neither Third-Party Defendant Overstock.com nor Third- Party Defendant Wayfair collect and remit Indiana gross retail taxes. Declaratory Judgment 21. The Indiana Department of Revenue has authority to seek declaratory judgment under House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017), which states “the department may bring a declaratory judgment action under IC 34–14–1 in any circuit court or superior court against a person that the department believes meets the criteria of IC 6–2.5– 2–1(c).” 22. House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) also provides that “A court in which an action for a declaratory judgment is brought under subsection (a) shall act on the declaratory judgment action as expeditiously as possible.” 23. Further, under the terms of House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017), the State and its agencies “may not, during the pendency of the declaratory judgment action . . . enforce the obligation to collect state gross retail tax as provided in IC 6–2.5–2–1(c) against any person that does not affirmatively consent or otherwise remit the gross retail tax on a voluntary basis.” HEA 1129, Section 3.
  • 18. 18 24. The prohibition on enforcement on the obligation to collect state gross retail tax does not apply when and if “a court enters a final judgment on the merits declaring that the obligation to collect state gross retail tax as provided in IC 6–2.5– 2–1(c) is valid; and the final judgment of the court is no longer subject to appeal.” HEA 1129, Section 3. 25. As of the filing of this complaint, the Indiana Department of Revenue is not authorized to enforce the state gross retail tax of House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017). WHEREFORE, the Indiana Department of Revenue hereby prays that this Court: 1. Declare House Enrolled Act 1129 (2017) valid and applicable to the Third-Party Defendants, and 2. Grant such relief as this Court deems just and proper. Respectfully submitted, CURTIS T. HILL, Jr. Indiana Attorney General Attorney No. 13999-20 Date: August 28, 2017 By: s/ Thomas M. Fisher Thomas M. Fisher Solicitor General Attorney No. 17949-49 Office of the Indiana Attorney General IGC-South, Fifth Floor 302 West Washington Street Indianapolis, Indiana 46204-2770 Telephone: (317) 232-6255 Fax: (317) 232-7979 Email: Tom.Fisher@atg.in.gov Matthew R. Elliott Deputy Attorney General Attorney No. 34000-49 Elizabeth M. Littlejohn Deputy Attorney General Attorney No. 34097-64
  • 19. 19 CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE I hereby certify that on August 28, 2017, I electronically filed the foregoing document using the Indiana E-fling System (“IEFS”). I also certify that on August 28, 2017, the foregoing document was served upon the following persons using the IEFS: Alice M. Morical (#18418-49) Michael J. Blinn (#24873-49) HOOVER HULL TURNER LLP 111 Monument Circle, Suite 4400 P.O. Box 44989 Indianapolis, IN 46244-0989 Tel: 317.822.4400 / Fax: 317.822.0234 amorical@hooverhullturner.com mblinn@hooverhullturner.com Attorneys for Plaintiffs George S. Isaacson (Maine Bar #1878*) Matthew P. Schaefer (Maine Bar #7992*) BRANN & ISAACSON 184 Main Street P.O. Box 3070 Lewiston, ME 04243-3070 gisaacson@brannlaw.com mschaefer@brannlaw.com Attorneys for Plaintiffs *Admitted pro hac vice A copy of the foregoing document will be served on the following Third-Party Defendants by Summons via certified mail and properly addressed to the following: Overstock.com, Inc. c/o Jonathan E. Johnson, Registered Agent 799 W. Coliseum Way Midvale, UT 84047 Overstock.com, Inc. c/o The Corporation Trust Company, Registered Agent Corporation Trust Center 1209 Orange Street Wilmington, DE 19801 Wayfair, Inc. c/o Enrique Colbert, Registered Agent 4 Copley Place, Suite 7000 Boston, MA 02116 Wayfair, Inc. c/o Incorporating Services, Ltd., Registered Agent 3500 S. Dupont Hwy. Dover, DE 19901 s/ Thomas M. Fisher Thomas M. Fisher Solicitor General Office of the Attorney General Indiana Government Center South, Fifth Floor 302 West Washington Street Indianapolis, Indiana 46204-2770 Phone: (317) 232-6255 Fax: (317) 232-7979 Email: Tom.Fisher@atg.in.gov