The Hindi film industry, known as Bollywood, is the largest sector of Indian cinema, headquartered in Mumbai, with a history dating back to 1896. Pioneering films like 'Raja Harishchandra' and the golden age of cinema from the late 1940s to the 1960s produced iconic movies and stars, marking significant advancements in storytelling and film quality. The 1990s saw a transformation with mixed genres and improved technology, while parallel cinema emerged during the 1950s and 1960s, focusing on realistic content but began to decline in the late 1980s.

1. INDIAN CINEMA
HINDI CINEMA
P R E S E N T E D BY - S H R E YA J H A

2. HINDI FILM INDUSTRY-BOLLYWOOD
• The Hindi film industry is currently the largest and dominates Indian films.
• Based in Bombay (now Mumbai), it is the center of Indian film industry.
• Known popularly as “Bollywood”- A blending of Bombay and Hollywood.
• Cinema was shown for the first time by Lumiere brothers on July 17, 1896.
• N.G. Chitre and R.G. Torney of Bombay were first to make a film based on the life of a
Holy man in Maharashtra which came out in 1912.
• The next movie was Raja Harishchandra (a silent film) on May 3, 1913 considered as
India’s first film by Dhandiraj Govindraj Phalke (Dada Sahab).
• D.G. Phalke is acclaimed as “Father of Indian cinema”.

4. HISTORY OF HINDI CINEMA
• In early 1930’s, the silent Indian cinema began to talk, sing and dance with the release
of “Alam Ara” on March14, 1931. It was produced by Ardeshir Irani (Imperial Film
Company).
• In 1937, Ardeshir Irani made “Kisan Kanya”, India’s first colour fim.
• Late 1940s-1960s were known as the Golden age of Indian Cinema. Some of the
critically acclaimed Hindi films like Mother India, Do Bigha Zameen, Awaara Pyaasa,
Mugal-E-Azam were produced during the same period.
• This era gave us the best actors-directors of all times like Guru Dutt, Raj Kapoor,
Mehboob Khan, Vijay Bhatt and Vimal Roy.
• Greatest music talents like Mohammad Rafi, Kishor Kumar, Lata Mangeshkar and S.D.
Burman belonged to the same era.

6. • The 60s began with a bang with movies like Raj Kapoor’s Mugal-E-Azam, Jis desh me
ganga behti hai and Sangam, Guru Dutt’s Saheb Biwi aur Gulam, Dev Anand’s Guide,
Bimal Roy’s Bandini and B.R. Chopra’s Waqt.
• 70s completely changed the way films were made with their narrative style, story and
content.
• Masala films were the demand of the time and it saw the rise of action stars like Amitabh
Bachchan.
• Movies like, Kamal Amrohi’s Pakeezah, Devar’s Haathi Mere Saathi, Ramesh Sippy’s
Sholay, Zanjeer, Deewar, Khoon Pasina, Dharamveer, Amar Akbar Anthony, Hum Kisi Se
Kam Nahin and Muquaddar Ka Sikandar.
• New Bollywood started from 1990s to present.
• 90s was a mixed genre of romantic, thriller, action and comedy films like Qayamat Se
Qayamat Tak, Maine Pyaar Kiya, Chandni, Kuch Kuch hota hai, etc.
• In this period technology gifted Dolby digital sound effects, advanced special effect,
choreography and International appeal.

8. PARALLEL CINEMA
• During the Golden age (in1950s-1960s), Indian cinema was introduced to an
alternative cinema aka parallel cinema or Indian new wave.
• It originated in West Bengal and was initially led by Bengali cinema and produced
internationally acclaimed filmmakers like Satyajit Ray, Mrinal Sen, Ritwik Ghatak, Tapan
Sinha and others.
• It is known for its serious content, realism and naturalism.
• Satyajit Ray’s Pather Panchali(1955), Aparajita(1956), The World of Apu(1959) known
as “The Apu Triology” won major prizes at Cannes, Berlin and Venice Film Festivals.
• Films like Guru Dutt’s Pyaasa(1957) and Kagaz Ke Phool(1959), Raj Kapoor’s
Awaara(1951) and Shree 420(1955), Dilip Kumar’s Aan(1952) were such films dealing
with working-class urban India.
• During late 1980s, the Parallel Cinema started declining due to ignorance of National
Film Development Corporation of India as they lacked “entertainment value”.

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