This study examined the effect of advanced paternal age on outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. The researchers compared ICSI outcomes between males aged 50 years or older (Group A) and males under 50 years old (Group B), matching females by age. Fertilization rates were significantly higher in Group B, but clinical pregnancy rates did not differ significantly between the groups. Within Group A, outcomes also did not differ significantly between those aged 50-59 (Group A1) and those aged 60 or older (Group A2). The study concludes that while advanced paternal age is associated with lower fertilization rates, it does not negatively impact pregnancy rates from ICSI.
American Urological Association (AUA) Lecture given at the American Society of Andrology (ASA) 40th annual conference, April 18 – 21, 2015 in Salt Lake City, Utah.
Abnormal Semen Parameters: What doctors should knowSandro Esteves
This document summarizes a lecture on abnormal semen parameters and what doctors should know. It discusses epidemiological trends showing rising rates of male infertility. It reviews routine semen analysis and new WHO reference values, noting lower cut-off levels. The document cautions about over-interpreting results within the new guidelines. It also emphasizes that semen analysis alone is not enough to evaluate male fertility, and that sperm chromatin integrity testing provides additional clinically relevant information beyond standard semen analysis.
Management of Male Infertility - What the future holdsSandro Esteves
This document summarizes a presentation on the future of male infertility treatment. It discusses how sperm biomarkers, stem cells, and other emerging technologies may improve diagnosis and management. Specifically, it describes how sperm DNA and protein profiling could help identify healthy sperm for infertility treatment. It also reviews research showing stem cell-derived gametes in mice can generate offspring, suggesting a potential future option for men with no sperm production.
Use RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays to profile gene expression of key
regulators and effectors of necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy pathways in
cells treated with oxidative stress inducers vs untreated controls.
Compare expression profiles to identify differentially expressed genes that
may determine cell fate decision under oxidative stress.
A free radical is a molecule or molecular fragment that contains one or more unpaired electrons in its outermost orbital.
Free radical is generally represented by superscript dot.
Mechanisms involved in Reactive oxygen species induced sperm damages and thei...rahulvet27
1) Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in greater quantities during sperm cryopreservation and can cause oxidative stress-related damage through lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, apoptosis, motility impairment, and protein damage.
2) Common sources of ROS include immature sperm cells, leukocytes, semen processing techniques, and dissolved oxygen.
3) Amelioration of ROS-induced damage can be achieved through the use of enzymatic antioxidants like catalase and glutathione peroxidase, non-enzymatic antioxidants like vitamin C and E, biological ROS inhibitors from oviductal fluid and seminal plasma, and reducing dissolved oxygen levels in cryopreservation extenders.
This study examined the effect of advanced paternal age on outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. The researchers compared ICSI outcomes between males aged 50 years or older (Group A) and males under 50 years old (Group B), matching females by age. Fertilization rates were significantly higher in Group B, but clinical pregnancy rates did not differ significantly between the groups. Within Group A, outcomes also did not differ significantly between those aged 50-59 (Group A1) and those aged 60 or older (Group A2). The study concludes that while advanced paternal age is associated with lower fertilization rates, it does not negatively impact pregnancy rates from ICSI.
American Urological Association (AUA) Lecture given at the American Society of Andrology (ASA) 40th annual conference, April 18 – 21, 2015 in Salt Lake City, Utah.
Abnormal Semen Parameters: What doctors should knowSandro Esteves
This document summarizes a lecture on abnormal semen parameters and what doctors should know. It discusses epidemiological trends showing rising rates of male infertility. It reviews routine semen analysis and new WHO reference values, noting lower cut-off levels. The document cautions about over-interpreting results within the new guidelines. It also emphasizes that semen analysis alone is not enough to evaluate male fertility, and that sperm chromatin integrity testing provides additional clinically relevant information beyond standard semen analysis.
Management of Male Infertility - What the future holdsSandro Esteves
This document summarizes a presentation on the future of male infertility treatment. It discusses how sperm biomarkers, stem cells, and other emerging technologies may improve diagnosis and management. Specifically, it describes how sperm DNA and protein profiling could help identify healthy sperm for infertility treatment. It also reviews research showing stem cell-derived gametes in mice can generate offspring, suggesting a potential future option for men with no sperm production.
Use RT2 Profiler PCR Arrays to profile gene expression of key
regulators and effectors of necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy pathways in
cells treated with oxidative stress inducers vs untreated controls.
Compare expression profiles to identify differentially expressed genes that
may determine cell fate decision under oxidative stress.
A free radical is a molecule or molecular fragment that contains one or more unpaired electrons in its outermost orbital.
Free radical is generally represented by superscript dot.
Mechanisms involved in Reactive oxygen species induced sperm damages and thei...rahulvet27
1) Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in greater quantities during sperm cryopreservation and can cause oxidative stress-related damage through lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, apoptosis, motility impairment, and protein damage.
2) Common sources of ROS include immature sperm cells, leukocytes, semen processing techniques, and dissolved oxygen.
3) Amelioration of ROS-induced damage can be achieved through the use of enzymatic antioxidants like catalase and glutathione peroxidase, non-enzymatic antioxidants like vitamin C and E, biological ROS inhibitors from oviductal fluid and seminal plasma, and reducing dissolved oxygen levels in cryopreservation extenders.
Presentation on Free Radicals Theory of Aging pptSameer Saharan
This seminar report summarizes the free radical theory of aging, which proposes that reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during cellular metabolism cause damage to biomolecules like DNA, lipids, and proteins over time, leading to aging. The theory was first proposed by Denham Harman in 1956 and later modified to focus on ROS produced in mitochondria during ATP production. Sources of free radicals include mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and environmental exposures. Antioxidants like vitamins C and E help neutralize free radicals. While supported by evidence like longer lifespans in animals with higher antioxidant levels, the theory is criticized for oversimplifying the roles of different free radicals and not accounting for variations between species.
Free radicals and reactive oxygen speciesDeepa Devkota
Free radicals are highly reactive molecules with unpaired electrons that persist for very short durations. They react with other molecules by donating or abstracting electrons to achieve stability. Common types of free radicals include superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals. Antioxidants help scavenge free radicals and delay or inhibit oxidation, with one antioxidant typically reacting with one free radical. Enzymatic antioxidants include superoxide dismutase and catalase, while nutrient antioxidants include beta-carotene and vitamin E. Reactive oxygen species are oxygen metabolites produced from one-electron reductions of oxygen that can damage DNA, proteins, and lipids, potentially leading to diseases like cancer, diabetes, and age-related illnesses.
This document discusses reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants in biology and medicine. It defines key terms and explores the origins and effects of different ROS like superoxide, nitric oxide, and hydroxyl radicals. It also examines the mechanisms of tissue damage caused by ROS and the roles of antioxidant defense systems in preventing damage. Biomarkers of oxidative stress and lipid, DNA, and protein damage are reviewed. Evidence suggests ROS contribute to periodontal tissue destruction in periodontitis through lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage.
This document discusses infertility, including its definition, causes, evaluation, and treatment options. It begins by defining primary and secondary infertility and outlining the requirements for conception. Common causes of infertility for both men and women are then described. The document provides details on evaluating infertility, including medical history, physical exams, lab tests, and procedures like semen analysis and hysterosalpingography. Treatment options are covered, such as ovulation induction, surgery, assisted reproductive technologies like IUI, IVF, and surrogacy. The emotional impact of infertility is also addressed.
Free radicals are atoms, molecules, or ions with unpaired electrons that make them highly reactive. They are formed through processes like homolysis and oxidation-reduction reactions. Free radical stability is determined by factors like conjugation, hybridization, and hyperconjugation which disperse and stabilize the unpaired electron. Common examples of stable radicals include molecular oxygen and organic radicals within conjugated systems.
Aging is a natural process that occurs gradually over time and involves changes in biological, psychological, and social domains. Biologically, aging is associated with declines in cognitive abilities like processing speed and working memory due to changes in the brain and decreases in immune function. The heart and blood vessels also undergo structural and functional changes with aging like thickening of arteries and a slower heart rate. While aging impacts many systems and abilities, there is significant variability between individuals.
The purpose of this study was to investigate any
influence of maternal and/or paternal age, three sperm
parameters (sperm count/ml, motility and morphology) on
pregnancy outcomes in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
cycles. In all, 785 ICSI cases were analyzed retrospectively.
Pregnancy outcome were influenced by the age of the maternal,
paternal partners and sperm count x10⁶. The clinical pregnancy
rate with respect to the age of female partner and male partner
was revealed a significant inverse correlation between them with
(P = <0.001) for each partner. The relationship between clinical
pregnancy rate and sperm count x10⁶/ml was revealed a
significant difference between the groups (P= 0.046). On the other
hand no basic semen parameters (motility and normal
morphology) influence on ICSI pregnancy outcome was found in
the subgroup of patients. We conclude that the influence on
pregnancy outcome after ICSI is related mostly to maternal and
paternal age.
Presentation on Free Radicals Theory of Aging pptSameer Saharan
This seminar report summarizes the free radical theory of aging, which proposes that reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during cellular metabolism cause damage to biomolecules like DNA, lipids, and proteins over time, leading to aging. The theory was first proposed by Denham Harman in 1956 and later modified to focus on ROS produced in mitochondria during ATP production. Sources of free radicals include mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and environmental exposures. Antioxidants like vitamins C and E help neutralize free radicals. While supported by evidence like longer lifespans in animals with higher antioxidant levels, the theory is criticized for oversimplifying the roles of different free radicals and not accounting for variations between species.
Free radicals and reactive oxygen speciesDeepa Devkota
Free radicals are highly reactive molecules with unpaired electrons that persist for very short durations. They react with other molecules by donating or abstracting electrons to achieve stability. Common types of free radicals include superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals. Antioxidants help scavenge free radicals and delay or inhibit oxidation, with one antioxidant typically reacting with one free radical. Enzymatic antioxidants include superoxide dismutase and catalase, while nutrient antioxidants include beta-carotene and vitamin E. Reactive oxygen species are oxygen metabolites produced from one-electron reductions of oxygen that can damage DNA, proteins, and lipids, potentially leading to diseases like cancer, diabetes, and age-related illnesses.
This document discusses reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants in biology and medicine. It defines key terms and explores the origins and effects of different ROS like superoxide, nitric oxide, and hydroxyl radicals. It also examines the mechanisms of tissue damage caused by ROS and the roles of antioxidant defense systems in preventing damage. Biomarkers of oxidative stress and lipid, DNA, and protein damage are reviewed. Evidence suggests ROS contribute to periodontal tissue destruction in periodontitis through lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage.
This document discusses infertility, including its definition, causes, evaluation, and treatment options. It begins by defining primary and secondary infertility and outlining the requirements for conception. Common causes of infertility for both men and women are then described. The document provides details on evaluating infertility, including medical history, physical exams, lab tests, and procedures like semen analysis and hysterosalpingography. Treatment options are covered, such as ovulation induction, surgery, assisted reproductive technologies like IUI, IVF, and surrogacy. The emotional impact of infertility is also addressed.
Free radicals are atoms, molecules, or ions with unpaired electrons that make them highly reactive. They are formed through processes like homolysis and oxidation-reduction reactions. Free radical stability is determined by factors like conjugation, hybridization, and hyperconjugation which disperse and stabilize the unpaired electron. Common examples of stable radicals include molecular oxygen and organic radicals within conjugated systems.
Aging is a natural process that occurs gradually over time and involves changes in biological, psychological, and social domains. Biologically, aging is associated with declines in cognitive abilities like processing speed and working memory due to changes in the brain and decreases in immune function. The heart and blood vessels also undergo structural and functional changes with aging like thickening of arteries and a slower heart rate. While aging impacts many systems and abilities, there is significant variability between individuals.
The purpose of this study was to investigate any
influence of maternal and/or paternal age, three sperm
parameters (sperm count/ml, motility and morphology) on
pregnancy outcomes in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
cycles. In all, 785 ICSI cases were analyzed retrospectively.
Pregnancy outcome were influenced by the age of the maternal,
paternal partners and sperm count x10⁶. The clinical pregnancy
rate with respect to the age of female partner and male partner
was revealed a significant inverse correlation between them with
(P = <0.001) for each partner. The relationship between clinical
pregnancy rate and sperm count x10⁶/ml was revealed a
significant difference between the groups (P= 0.046). On the other
hand no basic semen parameters (motility and normal
morphology) influence on ICSI pregnancy outcome was found in
the subgroup of patients. We conclude that the influence on
pregnancy outcome after ICSI is related mostly to maternal and
paternal age.