Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring develops (gestates) inside a woman's womb.[4][13] A multiple pregnancy involves more than one offspring, such as with twins.[14] Pregnancy usually occurs by sexual intercourse, but can also occur through assisted reproductive technology procedures.[6] A pregnancy may end in a live birth, a spontaneous miscarriage (spontaneous abortion), an induced abortion (induced miscarriage), or a stillbirth. Childbirth typically occurs around 40 weeks from the start of the last menstrual period (LMP), a span known as the gestational age.[4][5] This is just over nine months. Counting by fertilization age, the length is about 38 weeks.[5][13] Pregnancy is "the presence of an implanted human embryo or fetus in the uterus"; implantation occurs on average 8–9 days after fertilization.[15] An embryo is the term for the developing offspring during the first seven weeks following implantation (i.e. ten weeks' gestational age), after which the term fetus is used until birth.[5] Signs and symptoms of early pregnancy may include missed periods, tender breasts, morning sickness (nausea and vomiting), hunger, and frequent urination.[1] Pregnancy may be confirmed with a pregnancy test.[7] Methods of birth control—or, more accurately, contraception—are used to avoid pregnancy.
Pregnancy is divided into three trimesters of approximately three months each.[4] The first trimester includes conception, which is when the sperm fertilizes the egg.[4] The fertilized egg then travels down the Fallopian tube and attaches to the inside of the uterus, where it begins to form the embryo and placenta.[4] During the first trimester, the possibility of miscarriage (natural death of embryo or fetus) is at its highest.[2] Around the middle of the second trimester, movement of the fetus may be felt.[4] At 28 weeks, more than 90% of babies can survive outside of the uterus if provided with high-quality medical care, though babies born at this time will likely experience serious health complications such as heart and respiratory problems and long-term intellectual and developmental disabilities.[4][16]
Prenatal care improves pregnancy outcomes.[9] Prenatal care may include taking extra folic acid, avoiding drugs, tobacco smoking, and alcohol, taking regular exercise, having blood tests, and regular physical examinations.[9] Complications of pregnancy may include disorders of high blood pressure, gestational diabetes, iron-deficiency anemia, and severe nausea and vomiting.[3] In the ideal childbirth labor begins on its own when a woman is "at term".[17] Babies born before 37 weeks are "preterm" and at higher risk of health problems such as cerebral palsy.[4] Babies born between weeks 37 and 39 are considered "early term" while those born between weeks 39 and 41 are considered "full term".[4] Babies born between weeks 41 and 42 weeks are considered "late term" while after 42 weeks they are considered "post term".[4] Delivery before 39 wee
Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring develops (gestates) inside a woman's womb.[4][13] A multiple pregnancy involves more than one offspring, such as with twins.[14] Pregnancy usually occurs by sexual intercourse, but can also occur through assisted reproductive technology procedures.[6] A pregnancy may end in a live birth, a spontaneous miscarriage (spontaneous abortion), an induced abortion (induced miscarriage), or a stillbirth. Childbirth typically occurs around 40 weeks from the start of the last menstrual period (LMP), a span known as the gestational age.[4][5] This is just over nine months. Counting by fertilization age, the length is about 38 weeks.[5][13] Pregnancy is "the presence of an implanted human embryo or fetus in the uterus"; implantation occurs on average 8–9 days after fertilization.[15] An embryo is the term for the developing offspring during the first seven weeks following implantation (i.e. ten weeks' gestational age), after which the term fetus is used until birth.[5] Signs and symptoms of early pregnancy may include missed periods, tender breasts, morning sickness (nausea and vomiting), hunger, and frequent urination.[1] Pregnancy may be confirmed with a pregnancy test.[7] Methods of birth control—or, more accurately, contraception—are used to avoid pregnancy.
Pregnancy is divided into three trimesters of approximately three months each.[4] The first trimester includes conception, which is when the sperm fertilizes the egg.[4] The fertilized egg then travels down the Fallopian tube and attaches to the inside of the uterus, where it begins to form the embryo and placenta.[4] During the first trimester, the possibility of miscarriage (natural death of embryo or fetus) is at its highest.[2] Around the middle of the second trimester, movement of the fetus may be felt.[4] At 28 weeks, more than 90% of babies can survive outside of the uterus if provided with high-quality medical care, though babies born at this time will likely experience serious health complications such as heart and respiratory problems and long-term intellectual and developmental disabilities.[4][16]
Prenatal care improves pregnancy outcomes.[9] Prenatal care may include taking extra folic acid, avoiding drugs, tobacco smoking, and alcohol, taking regular exercise, having blood tests, and regular physical examinations.[9] Complications of pregnancy may include disorders of high blood pressure, gestational diabetes, iron-deficiency anemia, and severe nausea and vomiting.[3] In the ideal childbirth labor begins on its own when a woman is "at term".[17] Babies born before 37 weeks are "preterm" and at higher risk of health problems such as cerebral palsy.[4] Babies born between weeks 37 and 39 are considered "early term" while those born between weeks 39 and 41 are considered "full term".[4] Babies born between weeks 41 and 42 weeks are considered "late term" while after 42 weeks they are considered "post term".[4] Delivery before 39 wee
1. IMCI
Para sa mga bata na may edad na
higit sa dalawang buwan hanggang
limang taon
2. SURIIN
1. Tingnan kung may delikadong sinyalis
a. Mabilis na paghinga
b. Hindi pangkaraniwang pagkakatulog
2. Itanong ang pangunahing sintomas
3. Siyasatin ang nutrisyon at bakuna ng bata.
4. Siyasatin kung may iba pang problema
3. URIIN
1. Gamitin ang “color code” na sistema para
uriin ang pangunahing sintomas at nutrisyon
ng bata
2. Uriin kung kailangan o hindi kailangan ng
madaliang referral sa ospital
4. KUNG KAILANGAN NG MADALIANG
REFERRAL
1. Bigyan ng angkop na pangunang lunas bago
mag-refer
2. I-refer ang bata:
a. Ipalawanag sa tagapag-alaga ng bata kung bakit
kailangan ng referral
b. Gumawa ng referral note
c. Magbigay ng mga paalala at posibleng
kakailanganin habang dinadala ang bata
papuntang ospital
5. KUNG HINDI KAILANGAN NG
MADALIANG REFERRAL
1. Bigyan ng angkop na lunas ang bata at payo
ayon sa uri ng sakit.
2. Simulan ang pagbibigay ng angkop na gamot
sa health center o payuhan ang tagapag-
alaga kung ano ang lunas at kung papaano ito
dapat ibigay. Kung kinakailangan, magbigay
ng bakuna sa bata.
6. KUNG HINDI KAILANGAN NG
MADALIANG REFERRAL
3. Payuhan ang tagapag-alaga:
a. mga dapat bantayang sintomas
b. paano pakainin ang batang may sakit
c. hudyat kung kelan kailangan ibalik ang bata
sa health center
d. kalusugan sa sarili
13. Mga pangunahing karamdaman
1. Ubo at hirap sa paghinga
2. Pagtatae
3. Lagnat
4. Malnutrisyon at anemya
5. Hindi sapat na bakuna
14. Ubo at hirap sa paghinga
1. Kelan nagsimula ang ubo?
2. Mabilis ba ang paghinga?
3. Lumalalim ba ang tiyan sa paghinga?
4. Ang bata ba ay may hindi pangkaraniwang
pagkakatulog?
17. Pagtatae
1. Ano ang karakter ng dumi?
2. Meron ba itong bahid na mapula?
3. May kasama bang bulate?
4. Lumalim ba ang mga mata ng bata?
5. Walang tumutulo na luha habang umiiyak?
6. Ang bata ba ay may hindi pangkaraniwang
pagkakatulog?
21. Lagnat
1. Ang lagnat ba ay higit 7 araw na?
2. Nagkaroon ba ng tigdas ang bata sa
nakaraang 3 buwan?
3. Ang bata ba ay nagkumbulsyon sa nakaraang
24 oras?
4. Ang bata ba ay may hindi pangkaraniwang
pagkakatulog?
5. Ang bata ba ay nanggaling sa lugar ng
palawan o mindoro sa nakaraang 30 araw?
22. Lagnat
6. Ang lagnat ba ay may sipon?
7. May rashes ba ang bata?
8. Ang lagnat ba ay may kasamang pagdudugo
ng gilagid, ilong?