The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Study: The Future of VR, AR and Self-Driving CarsLinkedIn
We asked LinkedIn members worldwide about their levels of interest in the latest wave of technology: whether they’re using wearables, and whether they intend to buy self-driving cars and VR headsets as they become available. We asked them too about their attitudes to technology and to the growing role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the devices that they use. The answers were fascinating – and in many cases, surprising.
This SlideShare explores the full results of this study, including detailed market-by-market breakdowns of intention levels for each technology – and how attitudes change with age, location and seniority level. If you’re marketing a tech brand – or planning to use VR and wearables to reach a professional audience – then these are insights you won’t want to miss.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is everywhere, promising self-driving cars, medical breakthroughs, and new ways of working. But how do you separate hype from reality? How can your company apply AI to solve real business problems?
Here’s what AI learnings your business should keep in mind for 2017.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Study: The Future of VR, AR and Self-Driving CarsLinkedIn
We asked LinkedIn members worldwide about their levels of interest in the latest wave of technology: whether they’re using wearables, and whether they intend to buy self-driving cars and VR headsets as they become available. We asked them too about their attitudes to technology and to the growing role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the devices that they use. The answers were fascinating – and in many cases, surprising.
This SlideShare explores the full results of this study, including detailed market-by-market breakdowns of intention levels for each technology – and how attitudes change with age, location and seniority level. If you’re marketing a tech brand – or planning to use VR and wearables to reach a professional audience – then these are insights you won’t want to miss.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is everywhere, promising self-driving cars, medical breakthroughs, and new ways of working. But how do you separate hype from reality? How can your company apply AI to solve real business problems?
Here’s what AI learnings your business should keep in mind for 2017.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
LF Energy Webinar: Carbon Data Specifications: Mechanisms to Improve Data Acc...DanBrown980551
This LF Energy webinar took place June 20, 2024. It featured:
-Alex Thornton, LF Energy
-Hallie Cramer, Google
-Daniel Roesler, UtilityAPI
-Henry Richardson, WattTime
In response to the urgency and scale required to effectively address climate change, open source solutions offer significant potential for driving innovation and progress. Currently, there is a growing demand for standardization and interoperability in energy data and modeling. Open source standards and specifications within the energy sector can also alleviate challenges associated with data fragmentation, transparency, and accessibility. At the same time, it is crucial to consider privacy and security concerns throughout the development of open source platforms.
This webinar will delve into the motivations behind establishing LF Energy’s Carbon Data Specification Consortium. It will provide an overview of the draft specifications and the ongoing progress made by the respective working groups.
Three primary specifications will be discussed:
-Discovery and client registration, emphasizing transparent processes and secure and private access
-Customer data, centering around customer tariffs, bills, energy usage, and full consumption disclosure
-Power systems data, focusing on grid data, inclusive of transmission and distribution networks, generation, intergrid power flows, and market settlement data
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024Vadym Kazulkin
Java is for many years one of the most popular programming languages, but it used to have hard times in the Serverless community. Java is known for its high cold start times and high memory footprint, comparing to other programming languages like Node.js and Python. In this talk I'll look at the general best practices and techniques we can use to decrease memory consumption, cold start times for Java Serverless development on AWS including GraalVM (Native Image) and AWS own offering SnapStart based on Firecracker microVM snapshot and restore and CRaC (Coordinated Restore at Checkpoint) runtime hooks. I'll also provide a lot of benchmarking on Lambda functions trying out various deployment package sizes, Lambda memory settings, Java compilation options and HTTP (a)synchronous clients and measure their impact on cold and warm start times.
"Frontline Battles with DDoS: Best practices and Lessons Learned", Igor IvaniukFwdays
At this talk we will discuss DDoS protection tools and best practices, discuss network architectures and what AWS has to offer. Also, we will look into one of the largest DDoS attacks on Ukrainian infrastructure that happened in February 2022. We'll see, what techniques helped to keep the web resources available for Ukrainians and how AWS improved DDoS protection for all customers based on Ukraine experience
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-EfficiencyScyllaDB
Freshworks creates AI-boosted business software that helps employees work more efficiently and effectively. Managing data across multiple RDBMS and NoSQL databases was already a challenge at their current scale. To prepare for 10X growth, they knew it was time to rethink their database strategy. Learn how they architected a solution that would simplify scaling while keeping costs under control.
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE VisionDianaGray10
In the first session, we will review the organization's vision and how this has an impact on the COE Structure.
Topics covered:
• The role of a steering committee
• How do the organization’s priorities determine CoE Structure?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...Fwdays
Direct losses from downtime in 1 minute = $5-$10 thousand dollars. Reputation is priceless.
As part of the talk, we will consider the architectural strategies necessary for the development of highly loaded fintech solutions. We will focus on using queues and streaming to efficiently work and manage large amounts of data in real-time and to minimize latency.
We will focus special attention on the architectural patterns used in the design of the fintech system, microservices and event-driven architecture, which ensure scalability, fault tolerance, and consistency of the entire system.
Must Know Postgres Extension for DBA and Developer during MigrationMydbops
Mydbops Opensource Database Meetup 16
Topic: Must-Know PostgreSQL Extensions for Developers and DBAs During Migration
Speaker: Deepak Mahto, Founder of DataCloudGaze Consulting
Date & Time: 8th June | 10 AM - 1 PM IST
Venue: Bangalore International Centre, Bangalore
Abstract: Discover how PostgreSQL extensions can be your secret weapon! This talk explores how key extensions enhance database capabilities and streamline the migration process for users moving from other relational databases like Oracle.
Key Takeaways:
* Learn about crucial extensions like oracle_fdw, pgtt, and pg_audit that ease migration complexities.
* Gain valuable strategies for implementing these extensions in PostgreSQL to achieve license freedom.
* Discover how these key extensions can empower both developers and DBAs during the migration process.
* Don't miss this chance to gain practical knowledge from an industry expert and stay updated on the latest open-source database trends.
Mydbops Managed Services specializes in taking the pain out of database management while optimizing performance. Since 2015, we have been providing top-notch support and assistance for the top three open-source databases: MySQL, MongoDB, and PostgreSQL.
Our team offers a wide range of services, including assistance, support, consulting, 24/7 operations, and expertise in all relevant technologies. We help organizations improve their database's performance, scalability, efficiency, and availability.
Contact us: info@mydbops.com
Visit: https://www.mydbops.com/
Follow us on LinkedIn: https://in.linkedin.com/company/mydbops
For more details and updates, please follow up the below links.
Meetup Page : https://www.meetup.com/mydbops-databa...
Twitter: https://twitter.com/mydbopsofficial
Blogs: https://www.mydbops.com/blog/
Facebook(Meta): https://www.facebook.com/mydbops/
The Microsoft 365 Migration Tutorial For Beginner.pptxoperationspcvita
This presentation will help you understand the power of Microsoft 365. However, we have mentioned every productivity app included in Office 365. Additionally, we have suggested the migration situation related to Office 365 and how we can help you.
You can also read: https://www.systoolsgroup.com/updates/office-365-tenant-to-tenant-migration-step-by-step-complete-guide/
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdfChart Kalyan
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...Alex Pruden
Folding is a recent technique for building efficient recursive SNARKs. Several elegant folding protocols have been proposed, such as Nova, Supernova, Hypernova, Protostar, and others. However, all of them rely on an additively homomorphic commitment scheme based on discrete log, and are therefore not post-quantum secure. In this work we present LatticeFold, the first lattice-based folding protocol based on the Module SIS problem. This folding protocol naturally leads to an efficient recursive lattice-based SNARK and an efficient PCD scheme. LatticeFold supports folding low-degree relations, such as R1CS, as well as high-degree relations, such as CCS. The key challenge is to construct a secure folding protocol that works with the Ajtai commitment scheme. The difficulty, is ensuring that extracted witnesses are low norm through many rounds of folding. We present a novel technique using the sumcheck protocol to ensure that extracted witnesses are always low norm no matter how many rounds of folding are used. Our evaluation of the final proof system suggests that it is as performant as Hypernova, while providing post-quantum security.
Paper Link: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/257
This talk will cover ScyllaDB Architecture from the cluster-level view and zoom in on data distribution and internal node architecture. In the process, we will learn the secret sauce used to get ScyllaDB's high availability and superior performance. We will also touch on the upcoming changes to ScyllaDB architecture, moving to strongly consistent metadata and tablets.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
LF Energy Webinar: Carbon Data Specifications: Mechanisms to Improve Data Acc...DanBrown980551
This LF Energy webinar took place June 20, 2024. It featured:
-Alex Thornton, LF Energy
-Hallie Cramer, Google
-Daniel Roesler, UtilityAPI
-Henry Richardson, WattTime
In response to the urgency and scale required to effectively address climate change, open source solutions offer significant potential for driving innovation and progress. Currently, there is a growing demand for standardization and interoperability in energy data and modeling. Open source standards and specifications within the energy sector can also alleviate challenges associated with data fragmentation, transparency, and accessibility. At the same time, it is crucial to consider privacy and security concerns throughout the development of open source platforms.
This webinar will delve into the motivations behind establishing LF Energy’s Carbon Data Specification Consortium. It will provide an overview of the draft specifications and the ongoing progress made by the respective working groups.
Three primary specifications will be discussed:
-Discovery and client registration, emphasizing transparent processes and secure and private access
-Customer data, centering around customer tariffs, bills, energy usage, and full consumption disclosure
-Power systems data, focusing on grid data, inclusive of transmission and distribution networks, generation, intergrid power flows, and market settlement data
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024Vadym Kazulkin
Java is for many years one of the most popular programming languages, but it used to have hard times in the Serverless community. Java is known for its high cold start times and high memory footprint, comparing to other programming languages like Node.js and Python. In this talk I'll look at the general best practices and techniques we can use to decrease memory consumption, cold start times for Java Serverless development on AWS including GraalVM (Native Image) and AWS own offering SnapStart based on Firecracker microVM snapshot and restore and CRaC (Coordinated Restore at Checkpoint) runtime hooks. I'll also provide a lot of benchmarking on Lambda functions trying out various deployment package sizes, Lambda memory settings, Java compilation options and HTTP (a)synchronous clients and measure their impact on cold and warm start times.
"Frontline Battles with DDoS: Best practices and Lessons Learned", Igor IvaniukFwdays
At this talk we will discuss DDoS protection tools and best practices, discuss network architectures and what AWS has to offer. Also, we will look into one of the largest DDoS attacks on Ukrainian infrastructure that happened in February 2022. We'll see, what techniques helped to keep the web resources available for Ukrainians and how AWS improved DDoS protection for all customers based on Ukraine experience
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-EfficiencyScyllaDB
Freshworks creates AI-boosted business software that helps employees work more efficiently and effectively. Managing data across multiple RDBMS and NoSQL databases was already a challenge at their current scale. To prepare for 10X growth, they knew it was time to rethink their database strategy. Learn how they architected a solution that would simplify scaling while keeping costs under control.
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE VisionDianaGray10
In the first session, we will review the organization's vision and how this has an impact on the COE Structure.
Topics covered:
• The role of a steering committee
• How do the organization’s priorities determine CoE Structure?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...Fwdays
Direct losses from downtime in 1 minute = $5-$10 thousand dollars. Reputation is priceless.
As part of the talk, we will consider the architectural strategies necessary for the development of highly loaded fintech solutions. We will focus on using queues and streaming to efficiently work and manage large amounts of data in real-time and to minimize latency.
We will focus special attention on the architectural patterns used in the design of the fintech system, microservices and event-driven architecture, which ensure scalability, fault tolerance, and consistency of the entire system.
Must Know Postgres Extension for DBA and Developer during MigrationMydbops
Mydbops Opensource Database Meetup 16
Topic: Must-Know PostgreSQL Extensions for Developers and DBAs During Migration
Speaker: Deepak Mahto, Founder of DataCloudGaze Consulting
Date & Time: 8th June | 10 AM - 1 PM IST
Venue: Bangalore International Centre, Bangalore
Abstract: Discover how PostgreSQL extensions can be your secret weapon! This talk explores how key extensions enhance database capabilities and streamline the migration process for users moving from other relational databases like Oracle.
Key Takeaways:
* Learn about crucial extensions like oracle_fdw, pgtt, and pg_audit that ease migration complexities.
* Gain valuable strategies for implementing these extensions in PostgreSQL to achieve license freedom.
* Discover how these key extensions can empower both developers and DBAs during the migration process.
* Don't miss this chance to gain practical knowledge from an industry expert and stay updated on the latest open-source database trends.
Mydbops Managed Services specializes in taking the pain out of database management while optimizing performance. Since 2015, we have been providing top-notch support and assistance for the top three open-source databases: MySQL, MongoDB, and PostgreSQL.
Our team offers a wide range of services, including assistance, support, consulting, 24/7 operations, and expertise in all relevant technologies. We help organizations improve their database's performance, scalability, efficiency, and availability.
Contact us: info@mydbops.com
Visit: https://www.mydbops.com/
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For more details and updates, please follow up the below links.
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The Microsoft 365 Migration Tutorial For Beginner.pptxoperationspcvita
This presentation will help you understand the power of Microsoft 365. However, we have mentioned every productivity app included in Office 365. Additionally, we have suggested the migration situation related to Office 365 and how we can help you.
You can also read: https://www.systoolsgroup.com/updates/office-365-tenant-to-tenant-migration-step-by-step-complete-guide/
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdfChart Kalyan
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...Alex Pruden
Folding is a recent technique for building efficient recursive SNARKs. Several elegant folding protocols have been proposed, such as Nova, Supernova, Hypernova, Protostar, and others. However, all of them rely on an additively homomorphic commitment scheme based on discrete log, and are therefore not post-quantum secure. In this work we present LatticeFold, the first lattice-based folding protocol based on the Module SIS problem. This folding protocol naturally leads to an efficient recursive lattice-based SNARK and an efficient PCD scheme. LatticeFold supports folding low-degree relations, such as R1CS, as well as high-degree relations, such as CCS. The key challenge is to construct a secure folding protocol that works with the Ajtai commitment scheme. The difficulty, is ensuring that extracted witnesses are low norm through many rounds of folding. We present a novel technique using the sumcheck protocol to ensure that extracted witnesses are always low norm no matter how many rounds of folding are used. Our evaluation of the final proof system suggests that it is as performant as Hypernova, while providing post-quantum security.
Paper Link: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/257
This talk will cover ScyllaDB Architecture from the cluster-level view and zoom in on data distribution and internal node architecture. In the process, we will learn the secret sauce used to get ScyllaDB's high availability and superior performance. We will also touch on the upcoming changes to ScyllaDB architecture, moving to strongly consistent metadata and tablets.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
The document discusses various AI tools from OpenAI like GPT-3 and DALL-E 2, as well as ChatGPT. It explores how search engines are using AI and things to consider around AI-generated content. Potential SEO uses of ChatGPT are also presented, such as generating content at scale, conducting topic research, and automating basic coding tasks. The document encourages further reading on using ChatGPT for SEO purposes.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
This session highlights best practices and lessons learned for U.S. Bike Route System designation, as well as how and why these routes should be integrated into bicycle planning at the local and regional level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
Ride the Storm: Navigating Through Unstable Periods / Katerina Rudko (Belka G...DevGAMM Conference
Has your project been caught in a storm of deadlines, clashing requirements, and the need to change course halfway through? If yes, then check out how the administration team navigated through all of this, relocating 160 people from 3 countries and opening 2 offices during the most turbulent time in the last 20 years. Belka Games’ Chief Administrative Officer, Katerina Rudko, will share universal approaches and life hacks that can help your project survive unstable periods when there seem to be too many tasks and a lack of time and people.
Ride the Storm: Navigating Through Unstable Periods / Katerina Rudko (Belka G...
Infographics
1. [EFFECTS ON SATELLITES] High-energy particles degrade solar panels.
They also penetrate circuitry and generate
Feeling the Full Brunt spurious signals that can corrupt
data or even cause a satellite to
The harshness of space takes a toll on satellites even spiral out of control.
Impact of a Coronal Mass Ejection The 1859 Superstorm at the best of times. A superstorm would cause years’
worth of damage within a few hours.
NORMAL CONDITIONS: Earth’s magnetic field typically deflects the charged particles streaming The authors have reconstructed what happened in
out from the sun, carving out a teardrop-shaped volume known as the magnetosphere. On the sun- 1859, based in part on similar (though less intense) How to
facing side, the boundary, or magnetopause, is about 60,000 kilometers from our planet. The field events seen by modern satellites. UTC is Coordinated
Universal Time — basically, Greenwich Mean Time.
Prepare
also traps particles in a doughnut-shaped region known as the Van Allen belts. If a storm were on its way,
August 26 we could do the following:
Magnetopause
Large sunspot group
appears near longitude Satellite operators put
Magnetic field line 55 degrees west on the sun; off critical command
Earth
first CME possibly launched. sequences. During the
storm itself, they
August 28
monitor their birds and
Sun Van Allen belts CME arrives at Earth with a
override any spurious
glancing blow because of
commands.
the solar longitude of its
Solar wind
source; its magnetic orien- SUNSPOTS
GPS users switch to
tation is northward.
Magnetosphere backup navigation
August 28 07:30 UTC systems.
Greenwich Magnetic Obser- Solar particles and radiation puff up the
vatory detects a distur- atmosphere, increasing the drag forces Astronauts avoid
bance, signaling compres- on low-orbiting satellites. space walks.
FIRST STAGES OF IMPACT: When the sun fires off a coronal mass ejection (CME), this bubble of
Electrons can collect on
ionized gas greatly compresses the magnetosphere. In extreme cases such as superstorms, it can sion of the magnetosphere.
satellites and cause static
push the magnetopause into the Van Allen belts and wipe them out. electrical discharges that
August 28 22:55 UTC physically damage the
Main storm phase begins, circuitry ( ).
with large magnetic distur-
bances, telegraphic disrup- CORONAL MASS EJECTION
tions and auroral sightings
as far south as magnetic lat- w w w. S c i A m . c o m
itude 25 degrees north.
Sunspots Coronal mass ejection August 30
[EFFECTS ON POWER]
Geomagnetic disturbances
from first CME end. Darkness Falls
September 1 11:15 UTC Electric currents in the ionosphere induce electric currents in the ground and in pipelines.
CME magnetic field (S) Astronomer Richard C.
Earth’s magnetic field (N)
Carrington, among others,
sights a white-light flare on
AURORA SIGHTINGS
the sun; the large sunspot Electric currents
MAGNETIC RECONNECTION: The solar gas has its own magnetic field, and as it streams past our group has rotated to longi- in the ionosphere
planet, it stirs up turbulence in Earth’s magnetic field. If this field points in the opposite direction as tude 12 degrees west.
Earth’s, the two can link up, or reconnect—releasing magnetic energy that accelerates particles
September 2 05:00 UTC
and thereby creates bright auroras and powerful electric currents.
Greenwich and Kew magnet-
ic observatories detect dis-
Turbulent field lines
turbances followed immedi-
CME plasma ately by geomagnetic chaos;
second CME arrives at Earth Transformer
within 17.5 hours, traveling Induced
at 2,380 kilometers per sec- current
X-RAY FLARE
Reconnected ond with southward mag-
Auroras region netic orientation; auroras
Reconnected
region Current appear down to magnetic
latitude 18 degrees north.
September 3–4
Pipeline
Main phase of geomagnetic
disturbances from second
CME ends; scattered auro-
ral sightings continue, but
CREDIT
with diminishing intensity. These currents surge The entire East Coast and much of the rest of the country would
into transformers and lose power. This map shows the blacked-out regions expected
AURORA SIGHTINGS Induced from a severe storm like that of 1921, which would induce ground
can fry them. It would
82 S C I E N T I F I C A M E R I C A N August 2008 take weeks or longer for current fields of about 20 volts per kilometer. Scientists have yet to model
workers to fix them all. the effects of a full-blown 1859-like storm on the power grid.
rent (DC). The DC flows up the transformer could bring down the entire grid. Other indus- that improves the accuracy of GPS position esti-
ground wires and can lead to temperature spikes trial countries are also vulnerable, but North mates. Commercial aircraft had to resort to in-
of 200 degrees Celsius or higher in the trans- America faces greater danger because of its prox- flight backup systems.
former windings causing coolant to vaporize imity to the north magnetic pole Because of the High-energy particles will interfere with air-
)
2. [SLICING SPACETIME]
How Time Is Not Like Space
Physicists, artists and graph makers of all kinds routinely depict time as another dimension of space, creating a unified spacetime — shown here as a three-
dimensional block in which a ball bounces off a wall. Relativity theory holds that spacetime can be sliced up in various ways. But not all are equally sensible.
t
The usual way takes slices of space at successive moments of time, creating a movie of the ball’s
motion. Each frame leads to the next, according to the familiar laws of physics.
y
●
4
●
3
●
2
●
1
x
●
1 ●
2 ●
3 ●
4
An alternative considers slices not from past to future but from left to right. Each slice is part
space, part time. To the left of the wall, the ball appears in two positions; on the right, it does not
appear at all. If this slicing seems strange, it should: it makes the laws of physics very unwieldy.
t
y
x
x ●
1 ●●●
2 34 ●
1 ●
2 ●
3 ●
4
[A NEW VIEW OF TIME]
Who Needs Time, Anyway? 1 beat
Time is a way to describe the pace of
motion or change, such as the speed
of a light wave, how fast a heart beats,
or how frequently a planet spins ...
... but these processes could
LIGHT: be related directly to one
300,000 kilometers per second another without making
reference to time.
HEART:
75 beats per minute
VS.
240,000 kilometers per beat
EARTH:
1 rotation per day
108,000 beats
per rotation
Thus, some physicists argue that time is a common currency, making the world easier to describe
1 cup of coffee
but having no independent existence. Measuring processes in terms of time could be like using
money ( ) rather than barter transactions ( ) to buy things.
50 cups of coffee
per pair of shoes
VS. 1,000 cups
of coffee
per used car
$2 $100 $2,000
[see “A Quantum Threat to Special Relativity,” recently investigated timeless theories [see “A
by David Z. Albert and Rivka Galchen; S����- Simple Twist of Fate,” by George Musser, on
����� A�������, March 2009]. page 14]. But to convey the basic problem that
3.
4.
5. mundane activity. The great strength of multi-
touch is letting multiple people work together on
a complex activity. It is hard to remember how
LED liberating the mouse seemed when it freed peo-
ple from keyboard arrow keys some 25 years
[HOW IT WORKS]
ago. Soon the multi-touch interface could help
untether us from the ubiquitous mouse. “It’s
Tracking Fingers Pressure-sensitive
polymer
Internal reflections
very rare that you come upon a really new user
The most advanced multi-touch interface,” Han says. “We’re just at the begin-
Light ning of this whole thing.”
screens respond to the motion and Reflection scattered
pressure of numerous fingers. In the sensor toward
reflection [INSIDE LOOK]
Perceptive Pixel design ( ), sensor
projectors send images through an
acrylic screen onto the surface facing
the viewer. When fingers or other
Touch Table
Acrylic waveguide
objects (such as a stylus) touch the A projector inside Microsoft’s
Projector
surface, infrared light shone inside the multi-touch table, called Infrared cameras
Image from
acrylic sheet by LEDs scatters off the projector Surface, sends imagery up
fingers and back to sensors. Software through the acrylic top. An
interprets the data as finger move- LED shines near-infrared light
LED up as well, which reflects off
ments. Tapping the screen brings up To create a signal, LEDs bounce light through the acrylic
command menus when desired. objects or fingers back to var-
sheet. No light escapes. But if a finger is placed against the ious infrared cameras; a com- Computer
face ( ), light will scatter off it toward the sensors. puter monitors the reflections
Also, a pressure-sensitive coating flexes when pressed to track finger motions.
Computer firmly or lightly, making the scattered fingertip signal
appear slightly brighter or dimmer, which the computer Projector
interprets as more or less pressure. LED light
source
6. Ventromedial
prefrontal cortex Nucleus accumbens
ex-
Subthalamic nucleus Mediodorsal thalamus
bbs
Motor thalamus
ba- Globus pallidus
um- internal segment
tine
ver,
Ani-
the Anterior
rive cingulate cortex
mak-
ckly
mar-
iven Amygdala Anterior limb
es— of the internal
ion, Ventral tegmental area capsule
gic.
BRAIN AREAS that become
gni-
n be
activated in response to Subgenual
n of
reward or risk include those cingulate
shown above, among others.
nan-
Nucleus
accumbens
Orbitofrontal
HOW cortex
Ventral Lateral
pallidum hypothalamus Brain stem
Thalamus
WHERE
Sensory thalamus
WHAT Pedunculopontine nucleus
Periventricular gray/periaqueductal gray
7.
8.
9. [AFFECTED NATIONS]
WORLDWIDE RESISTANCE
Tuberculosis occurs in virtually every country in the world, although it is most wide-
spread in developing nations. The incidence of TB caused by strains of resistant to
two or more of the first-line drugs for the disease — so-called multidrug-resistant TB
(MDR-TB) — has been rising as a result of improper use of antibiotics. Worse still is exten-
sively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) — a largely untreatable form identified in 2006; as of
June 2008, 49 countries had confirmed cases. Sadly, that figure most likely underesti-
[INFECTION BASICS]
mates XDR-TB’s prevalence.
AN ILL WIND TB
Brain Tuberculosis, caused by the bacterium , occurs in both latent and active forms. People can become infected by breathing
in even just a few bacteria released into the air when those with active TB cough, spit or talk. causes coughing, the
most familiar symptom, because it accumulates abundantly in the lungs, but it can harm other organs as well ( ).
Reported cases of
Lung tends to concentrate in the air sacs, or alveoli, of the tuberculosis per
lungs because it prefers environments rich in oxygen. In 100,000 citizens
it
it
Macrophage most people, the immune system is able to keep bacterial
No estimate
replication in check, dispatching defensive cells known
as macrophages to the site of infection, where they 0–24
form a shell around the bacteria. But in 10 percent of 2
25–49
Alveolus infected individuals, breaks down the shell,
after which it can begin to multiply. 50–99
100–299
300 or more
Mtb
Kidney Multidrug-resistant TB
Scan highlights infection in lung.
Bone
Unfettered by the immune system, the bacteria destroy the tissue of
the lungs; some may also make their way into the bloodstream and infect Percent of MDR-TB
f
other parts of the body, including the brain, kidneys and bone. Eventually among new TB cases
affected organs may sustain so much damage they cease to function, and 1994-2007
the host dies. More than 6%
3
3%–6%
Less than 3%
the problem is that bacteria are autonomous some of those proteins might be worth consid-
No data
life-forms, selected throughout evolution for ering as drug targets. Analysis of the TB genome
their ability to adapt and respond to external also hinted that, contrary to conventional wis-
threats. Like modern aircraft, they have all dom, the bacterium is perfectly capable of living Extensively drug-resistant TB
manner of redundancies, bypasses, fail-safes in the absence of air— a suggestion now verified.
and emergency backup systems. As Jeff Gold- Under such anaerobic conditions, Mtb’s metab-
blum’s character in Jurassic Park puts it, life olism slows down, making it intrinsically less
finds a way. Until we truly appreciate the com- sensitive to existing antibiotics. Targeting the
plexities of how TB interacts with humans, new metabolic elements that remain active under
drugs against it will remain elusive. The good these circumstances is one of the most promis-
i h ki h i i f h i i
10.
11. [STAGES TO WATCH]
From Animal Microbe to Human Pathogen
The process by which a pathogen of animals evolves into one exclusive to humans occurs in five stages. Agents can become stuck in
any of these stages. Those in early stages may be very deadly (Ebola, for example), but they claim few lives overall because they cannot
spread freely among humans. The better able a virus is to propagate in humans, the more likely it is to become a pandemic. [PREVENTION PROPOSAL]
DISEASE EXAMPLES: Reichenowi malaria Rabies Ebola Dengue HIV
Building a Surveillance Network
By monitoring microorganisms in wild animals and the people who are frequently exposed
to them, scientists may be able spot an emerging infectious disease before it becomes
widespread. To that end, the author recently organized the Global Viral Forecasting Initia-
tive (GVFI), a network of 100 scientists and public health officials in six countries ( and
) who are working to track potentially dangerous agents as they move from
Stage 1: Pathogen is present in animals into human populations. The GVFI focuses on tropical regions ( ) in particu-
animals but has not been detected lar, because they are home to a wide variety of animal species and because humans there
in humans under natural conditions. commonly come into contact with them through hunting and other activities. Eventually
the GVFI hopes to expand the network to include more countries with high levels of biodi-
Stage 2: Animal pathogen has been trans- COUNTRY: Cameroon versity, some of which are shown here ( ).
VIRUSES PREVIOUSLY SPAWNED: HIV COUNTRY: China
mitted to humans but not between humans. SENTINEL POPULATION UNDER STUDY FOR NEW PATHOGENS: VIRUSES PREVIOUSLY SPAWNED: SARS, H5N1
People who hunt and butcher wild animals SENTINEL POPULATION : “Wet market” workers
Stage 3: Animal pathogen that can be trans-
mitted between humans causes an outbreak of
disease but only for a short period before dying out.
Stage 4: Pathogen exists in animals and undergoes a regular
cycle of animal-to-human transmission but also sustains long
outbreaks arising from human-to-human transmission.
SOURCE:
Stage 5: Pathogen has become exclusive to humans. COUNTRY: Democratic Republic of the Congo
Nature, VIRUSES PREVIOUSLY SPAWNED: Primary study site (human and animal testing) Tentative site for future study
Marburg, monkeypox, Ebola Secondary study site (animal testing only) Tropical region COUNTRY: Malaysia
SENTINEL POPULATION : VIRUSES PREVIOUSLY SPAWNED: Nipah
People who hunt and butcher wild animals SENTINEL POPULATION : Wildlife hunters
12.
13. [WHAT ASTRONOMERS LOOK FOR]
Glowing in the Dark
Infrared Light Reveals Disks and Thus Planets or Their Building Blocks
A stronomers generally detect planets indirectly, by virtue
of their effects on the velocity, position or brightness
of their host stars. For most of the cases discussed in the
A circumstellar disk of dust and gas, like the one that gave rise to the planets of our solar system, absorbs
starlight and emits infrared radiation. We observe a composite of direct starlight and disk emission.
article, astronomers focus on one type of indirect sign:
the presence of a disk of dust orbiting the star. A so-called
protoplanetary disk occurs around newly born stars and is
thought to be the site of planet formation. A so-called debris Starlight
disk occurs around mature stars and is thought to arise from
collisions or evaporation of comets and asteroids, thus
Circumstellar disk
signaling the likely presence of planets now or in the past.
Observers identify both types of disk from how they
absorb starlight and reradiate the absorbed energy at infra- Light from disk
Star
red wavelengths ( ). NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope,
launched in 2003, has proved to be a veritable disk discovery
machine. Its large field-of-view infrared cameras can cap-
ture hundreds of stars in a single image and pinpoint those
with evidence of disks for further study.
Spitzer builds on the successes of past infrared telescopes,
such as the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) mission in
the 1980s and the European Space Agency’s Infrared Space Brown dwarf plus disk
Brown dwarf
Observatory (ISO) in the mid-1990s. Unlike IRAS, which was Disk
an all-sky survey, Spitzer points at specific celestial bodies for
intensive study, and the five-year-plus lifetime of its liquid- An example is the brown dwarf OTS 44,
Brightness (arbitrary units)
helium coolant far exceeds that of any previous mission. The whose spectrum ( ) initially
telescope has studied everything from extrasolar planets to falls off at infrared wavelengths but
then flattens — indicating that the dwarf,
galaxies in the early universe. whose spectrum would be expected to peak at
The coolant is now running out, and the telescope will short wavelengths ( ), is surrounded by
soon start to warm from nearly absolute zero to 30 kelvins. cooler material whose spectrum peaks
Even so, it will be able to operate at the short-wavelength at longer wavelengths ( ).
end of the infrared band through at least the middle of 2011. Even when the system is
Taking up the slack will be the newly launched Herschel too far away for telescopes
Space Observatory and the James Webb Space Telescope to resolve spatially, the spectrum 1 3 10 30
(JWST), planned for launch in 2013. — reveals the blending of light. Wavelength (microns)
14. [BASICS]
Vaccines Mimic Infection to Avert It IMMUNE MEMORY
Some of the B and T cells become long-lived memory
Vaccines deliver a killed or weakened pathogen, or pieces of it, to trigger an immune response that generates “memory” cells primed to
cells, standing guard against a future infection.
recognize the same microorganism quickly in the future. These cells can later block true infections or at least minimize illness.
Killer T cells
Cytokines
innat
Attempted infection Memory T cells and B cells
COMMON ling f
Virus fragments
V VACCINE TYPES ropha
Dendritic cell
■ ATTENUATED: Live des
Injection but weakened whole c
site
virus or bacterium.
T cell precursors Infected cell Minimal reproduc-
Virus in Helper T cells
tion extends
vaccine
immune cells’
exposure to antigen t
Maturation without causing disease. can
and migration
Infected cells to lymph nodes pe
■ INACTIVATED:
Cytokines Whole but “killed”
Antibodies and unable to
B cell remain in the body as “memory” cells — some- reproduce or to
Lymph node times for decades — ready to squelch any at- cause disease.
Macrophage Antigen tempted reinfection by the same organism. Vac- ad
cines replicate this process by introducing a ■ SUBUNIT: Fragments the
whole pathogen or fragments of it that will be of the pathogen, such k
VACCINE ADMINISTRATION DENDRITIC CELL MIGRATION AND INTERACTIONS as genetic material
A small dose of live but weakened virus is one common form of Loaded with foreign material (antigen), dendritic cells mature and migrate recognized as a foreign invader. Not all vaccines
or external pro-
vaccine. Injected into the skin, the virus will infect some cells to lymph nodes to interact with T cells and B cells, components of the succeed in generating a full immune response,
and reproduce slowly. “Innate” immune system cells, such as “adaptive” immune system. Displaying antigen and emitting cytokines, teins, provide
macrophages and dendritic cells, engulf and digest foreign the dendritic cells induce T cells to mature into helper and killer types; the but some pathogens can be stopped by antibod- antigen for immune
material and infected body cells. Dendritic cells also emit helper T cells also signal to incite the killer T cells to attack infected cells ies alone, so killer T cells are not needed for cells to recognize. l
signaling chemicals called cytokines to sound an alarm. and induce B cells to produce antibodies tailored to the pathogen. protection.
The nature of the pathogen and how it causes
ill i d i ’ id
[VACCINE BOOSTERS]
Adjuvants PATHOGEN RECOGNITION TLR NATURAL TRIGGER
Add Emphasis
Dendritic cells contain Toll-like receptors (TLR) that each recognize ●● ●
1 2 6 Bacterial lipoproteins
molecules typical of many pathogens, such as bacterial proteins or ●
3 Double-stranded RNA
distinctive viral gene motifs ( ). Adjuvants that trigger Lipopolysaccharide (LPS),
one or a combination of TLRs can simulate different natural threats.
●
4
Adjuvants enhance immune responses to vaccine heat-shock proteins,
antigens by several mechanisms, but their most Killer T cells respiratory syncytial virus
●5 Bacterial flagellin protein
potent effects are likely to be through activation
IL-12 ●●
7 8 Single-stranded RNA
of microbe-recognition receptors on dendritic Bacterial CpG DNA
Cytokines
●9
cells. Depending on the type of threat they sense, ●
10 Unknown
dendritic cells will direct other immune cells to ●
11 Bacterial profilin protein
respond in different ways. Vaccine designers Helper T cells
Toll-like receptor
can use this knowledge to choose adjuvants that
will not only boost immune response but also IL-12 DENDRITIC CELL DIRECTIONS
Dendritic cells’ signaling determines
emphasize the desired responses.
how T and B cells will mature and
proliferate. For example, the cytokine
Antibody-inducing helper T cells interleukin-12 favors development of
killer T cells and a helper T subtype
lar keys, a group known as the Toll-like recep- needed to defend against intracellular
IL-6
tors (TLRs) seemed most important for driving pathogens, whereas IL-6 favors a
the dendritic cells’ behavior [see “Immunity’s helper T type that induces B cells to
produce antibodies. IL-6, together
Early-Warning System,” by Luke A. J. O’Neill; Inflammation-inducing helper T cells with IL-23, induces still another helper
S��������� A�������, January 2005]. T subtype that promotes inflamma-
IL-6
tion. Interleukins themselves are also
To date, 10 functional Toll-like receptors under study as adjuvants.
have been identified, and each recognizes a dif- IL-23
ferent basic motif of viruses or bacteria. TLR-4