Ibm mexico
- 1. The Place YouThought You Knew…….
- 2. MEXICO:HISTORY Classic Period (1500BC- 700AD) Post Classic Period(700AD- 1519AD) Conquest (1519AD) Birth of Mexico Independence From Spain (1821) Colonial Period (1519-1821) Mexican Revolution (1910-1929) One Party Rule (1929-2000) End of One Party Rule (2000-
- 3. Classic Period (1500 BC-700 AD) Mesoamerican Teotihuacan (Central Mexico) Nahua peoples(south Mexico) PostClassic Period (700-1519 AD) Toltec Culture (Central America) Chichen Itza (lowlands of Mexico) Aztecs had a tribute form of control. Conquest (1519AD) Arrival of Hernán Cortés Massacre of Main Temple Smallpox Epidemic (killed 15M people) Colonial Period (1519-1821) Part of Vice Royalty of New Spain. Others were Cuba, Costa Rica and Florida Administratio n based on Race
- 4. Independence From Spain Miguel Hidalgoy Costilla “Loyalist Revolt” José María Morelos creation of “Solemn act of declaration of Independence”. Treaty Of Cordoba & Declaration of Independence of Mexican Empire Birth Of Mexico Augustine de Iturbide “first Emperor” Revolt in 1823 created United Mexican States Guadalupe Victoria first President. Reform wars, occupation by France. Ended with hanging of Maximillian Mexican Revolution Forced exile of President Porfirio Diaz. Francisco I. Madero became president, later assassinated. War Ended by constitutional army led by Venustiano Carranza.
- 5. One Party Rule 1929 formationof PNR(National Revolutionary Party) by Calles Nationalization of OIL exploration companies Mexican Miracle (high economic growth but country remained poor) End of One Party Rule Carlos Salinas de Gortari became president. Signed NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) Collapse of Economy in 1994.Recovered through US support.
- 6. MEXICO:14° & 33°N 86° & 119° W Area • Total:1,972,55 0 sq km • Land:1,923, 040 sq km • Water:: 49,510 sq km Land Sharing • Belize 250 km • Guatemala 962 km • USA 3,141 km Biodiversity • 10%-12% of world • Second Fastest rate of deforestation • Ranked first in biodiversity of reptiles (707) Country Area (SQ KM) 1.Russi a 17,098, 242 2.Cana da 9,984,6 70 3.China 9,572,9 00 4.Unite d States 9,526,4 68 5.Brazil 8,515,7 67 6.Austr alia 7,692,0 24 7.India 3,166,4 14 8.Arge ntina 2,780,4 00 14.Me xico 1,964,3 75
- 7. North • California • Arizona •New Mexico and • Texas South and West • Pacific Ocean East • Gulf Of Mexico Borders Lowest Point • Laguna Salada at -10 Meters Highest Point • Pico de Orizaba at 5,700 Meters (North America) Borders • Coast Lines 9330 kms • Land boundaries 4353 kms Facts
- 8. MEXICO:DEMOGRAPHY 60% 30% 9% 1% ETHNIC GROUPS Mestizo(Am erindian- Spanish) AmerIndian White SpanishOnly Spanish and Indegious Indegenious Unspecified *indigenous languages include various Mayan, Nahuatl, and other regional languages (2005)
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- 10. 27.9 18.1 40.4 7 6.9 POPULATION DEMOGRAPHICS 0-14 15-2425-54 55-64 65 & over
- 11. CRUDE FERTILITY RATE MEXICO •19.02 births/1,000 • World Rank 111 INDIA • 21.00 births/1000 • World Rank 86 WORLD • 19.12 births/1000
- 12. URBANIZATION • 78.1%of total populatio n • 1.49% annual change HEALTHEXPENDITURES • 6.4% Of GDP. • Ranked 97 • INDIA: 4.1% Of GDP EDUCATIONEXPENDITURE • 6.1% Of GDP (2009) • Ranked 72 • INDIA: 4% Of GDP
- 13. • Total 93.5% •Male 94.8% • Female 92.3% Literacy Rate • Total 9.4% • Male:9.1% • Female:9.9% Un- Employment Rate • Literacy Rate:74.04% • Un-Employment: 8.8%India
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- 15. Working class :Includes staples such as corn or wheat tortillas, along with beans, rice, tomatoes, chili peppers and chorizo, a type of pork sausage. Middle- and upper- income class: Are more closely aligned with diets of Americans and Europeans and include a wide variety of food items prepared in wide range of culinary styles. Mexico is known for its tequila, which is made from agave cactus. Soda is a very popular drink in Mexico has a well- developed beverage industry. FOOD
- 16. • Clay pottery •Embroidered Cotton Garments • Wool Shawls and outer garments • Colourful Baskets and RugsMexican folk art • Group of musicians playing violins and guitars, bases,vihuelas and trumpets wearing silver-studded ‘charro’ suits Mariachi Style of folk music
- 17. Holidays and celebrations Dec12 The day of the Virgin Guadalupe Sept. 16 Independence Day May 5 Cinco De Mayo Nov 1 & 2 Day of the Dead Main Holidays and Celebrations
- 18. ENERGY RESOURCES RESOURCE VALUEUNITS RANK TOP FIVE AND INDIA RENEWABLE SOURCES 15.286 TWh 1 4 2 5 3 6 COAL RESERVES 1211 Million tons 25 1 4 2 5 3 NATURAL GAS RESERVES 359,700,000,000 Cubic Meters (cu m) 37 1 4 2 5 3 25 OIL RESERVES 10,264 BARRELS (MMbbl) 18 1 4 2 5 3 19
- 19. MINING RESOURCES Thecountry is a major producer of silver, gold, copper, lead, zinc and molybdenum. World’s number one silver producer with a production of over 10 billion ounces of silver and current annual production in excess of 100 million ounces a year. Silver Gold (in million ounces) (in metric tons) RANK COUNTRIES PROD’N 1 MEXICO 169.7 2 PERU 118.1 3 CHINA 118 4 AUSTRALIA 59.2 5 RUSSIA 45.4 13 INDIA 12.1 RANK COUNTRIES PROD’N 1 CHINA 420 2 AUSTRALIA 255 3 USA 227 4 RUSSIA 220 5 PERU 150 8 MEXICO 100
- 20. OIL PRODUCTION • RUSSIA(13.8%) • SAUDI ARABIA(13.09%) • USA(12.23%) • CHINA(5.15%) • CANADA(4.54%) • IRAN(4.14%) • IRAQ(3.75%) • UAE(3.76%) • VENEZUELA(3.56%) • MEXICO(3.56%)(10th) • INDIA(1.04%)(23rd)
- 22. POLITICAL SYSTEM Presidential System Executive LegislativeJudicial Federal Government
- 23. LEGEL SYSTEM FOREIGN INVESTMENT LAW LANDAQUISATION LAW LABOR LAWS ENVIRONMENT LAW
- 24. Economy at aglance 48th in ease of doing business Easy Business 10th Largest PPP 14th Largest Size
- 25. Economic History Porfirio Diaz •Change agent for Mexico in 1876 Development • Unsustainable Large landmass • Owned by powerful few
- 26. Impact Feudal Lords No representative government No needof Police Force No Free Markets
- 27. Mexican Miracle Ejido –The Bhudan of Mexico High production still higher imports Import Substitution Industrialization 1930-1970
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- 29. Economic Indicators* * DataCourtesy: Worldbank url: www.data.worldbank.com
- 30. Gross National Incomein PPP
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- 37. 25.3, 25% 66.7, 67% 3.3,3% 4.7, 5% MEXICAN GDP Industry Service Agriculture Mining
- 38. Ease Of DoingBuisiness in Mexico:
- 39. Ease Of dongbuisiness in India:
- 40. Trades In Mexico:12 free trade agreement with 44 countries.
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- 42. •A slew ofeconomic reforms in industries ranging from telecoms to energy by President Enrique Pena Nieto. • Mexico drew a record $35.2 billion in foreign direct investment (FDI) last year
- 43. MAJOR INDUSTRIES INMEXICO ELECTRONICS AUTOMOBILE CEMENT AEROSPACE
- 44. ELECTRONICS Sixth largest: CHINA-US- JAPAN-SOUTH KOREA-TAIWAN Exported to around$71.4 billion in 2011 Grew by 20% between 2010 & 2011 against 17% in 2003 & 2009 Represents 30% of exports
- 45. TELEVISION COMPUTERS OEM & ODM MANUFACTURERS ELECTRONICS 25%of exports In 2009 became leader Third largest producer Falco & Flex electronics
- 46. MAJOR COMPANIES • SONY-TOSHIBA-SHARP •SAMSUNG-LG-PHILIPS TELEVISION • DELL-SONY-HP ACER • COMPAQ-SAMSUNG-LENEVO COMPUTERS • FOXCONN-CELESTICA • PLEXUS-ELCOTEQ OEMS & ODM
- 47. The Geography ofelectronic Industry
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- 49. AUTOMOBILE Forms 17.6% ofmanufacturing sector 2.8 million cars per year from 20 plants across Mexico In 2014 $10billion investments done in first few months Existence of the ‘Big Three’ 8th largest automaker & 4th largest exporter Contribution to GDP 3.6%
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- 55. AEROSPACE Exports amounted to$5.4 billions in 2012 FDI in the sector exceeded $1300 millions Mexico is one of the few countries with a Bilateral Aviation Safety Agreement (BASA) with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). MD Helicopters, Bell, Cessna, Bombardier Aeromarmi, Frisa aerospace & Kou aerospace
- 58. CEMENT 15th in world,after China, India, Iran, USA…. Six major cement producers: Cemex(49%) (World’s 3rd largest) Holcim Apasco(21%) Cruz Azul(16%) Cementos Moctezuma(10%) Cementos Chihuahua Lafarge Cementos
- 60. Overview of ManufacturingSector Mexican manufacturing has a significant advantage in energy costs Manufacturing wages, are likely to be 30 percent lower than in China by 2015. Mexico has more free-trade agreements than any other country. Industry clusters, especially in autos and appliances, are growing. Maquiladora
- 61. TOP THREE COMPANIESIN MEXICO GLOBAL RANK 100 349 400 COMPANY AMERICA MOVIL FEMSA GRUPO MEXICO SALES ($billion) 60.2 18.5 10.4 PROFITS ($billion) 7.1 1.6 2.4 ASSETS ($billion) 74.6 22.6 18.4 MARKET VALUE ($billion) 70.7 37.7 32.3
- 62. Agriculture - Products Product Quantity (MetricTon) World Rank Avocados 1,040,390 1 Onions and chayote 1,130,660 1 Limes and lemons 1,824,890 1 Sunflower seed 212,765 1 Dry fruits 95,150 2 Papaya 955,694 2 Oranges 3,969,810 3 Chicken meat 2,245,000 3 Mangoes 1.503.010 4 Corn 20,000,000 4
- 63. SERVICES • 59.8% ofGDP (PPP) • 61.9% of Work Force • Major Parts: Energy and Power Infrastructure Retail Tourism Banking and Finance
- 64. SERVICES: Opportunities • Mexico’sgovernment is focused on improving its infrastructure in many fronts • Mexico invests heavily in new container ports and the modernization of airports and railroads • The 2013‐2018 National Infrastructure Program (NIP), 2013 • Estimated US$400 billion dollars for investment in infrastructure. • The government plans to invest approximately US$2.5 billion dollars in developing wind farms http://www.napsintl.com/manufacturing-in-mexico/infrastructure-in-mexico/
Editor's Notes
- #26 Porfirio Diaz : Mexican president Porfirio Díaz brought unprecedented economic growth during the last quarter of the nineteenth century. This growth was accompanied by foreign investment and European immigration, the development of an efficient railroad network and the exploitation of the country's natural resources. Annual economic growth between 1876 and 1910 averaged 3.3%.[22] Political repression and fraud, as well as huge income inequalities exacerbated by the land distribution system based on latifundios, in which large haciendas were owned by a few but worked by millions of underpaid peasants living in precarious conditions, led to the Mexican Revolution (1910–1917), an armed conflict that drastically transformed Mexico's political, social, cultural, and economical structure during the twentieth century under a premise of social democracy. The war itself, however, left a harsh toll in the economy and population, which decreased over the 11-year period between 1910 and 1921. The reconstruction of the country was to take place in the following decades.
- #27 The period from 1930 to 1970 was dubbed by economic historians as the "Mexican Miracle", a period of economic growth that followed the end of the Mexican Revolution and the resumption of capital accumulation during peacetime. During this period the nation adopted the economic model of import substitution industrialization (ISI) which protected and promoted the development of national industries. The country experienced an economic boom through which industries rapidly expanded their production.[23] Important changes in the economic structure included free land distribution to peasants under the concept of ejido, the nationalization of the oil and railroad companies, the introduction of social rights into the constitution, the birth of large and influential labor unions, and the upgrading of infrastructure. While population doubled from 1940 to 1970, GDP increased sixfold during the same period.[24]