Humans performing under pressure. Emotional intellingence #noussommesvivants.pdf

Mental
health
in
sports.
Competing
in
the
dark.
The
open
university,
milton
Keynes
MENTAL HEALTH IN SPORTS
Humans performing under pressure

Born to run
not to perform In the best-selling book, “Born to
Run,” author Christopher McDougall
has reframed the debate about the
wisdom of distance running. He
makes the case that running isn’t
inherently risky. Instead, he argues
that the commercialization of
urban marathons encourages
overzealous training, while the
promotion of high-tech shoes has
led to poor running form and a rash
of injuries. source

Physical
performance
Artistic
performance
Mediatical
performance
“I spent my career surviving the pressure I put on myself” Jonny Wilkinson
Performing under pressure
Personal life
“performance”
The 4 sources of stress of elite sport stars according to their testimonies after a break down.

Stress can improve sport performance
Psychologists Robert Yerkes and John Dodson
developed a ﬁrst version of the pressure
performance curve back in 1908. They used it to
show the relationship between arousal (pressure)
and performance for Yerkes-Dodson Law.
Shuttersstock

Even elite sport stars need resting time
(from work and from stress)
Both workload and fatigue impair performance, and a high workload can lead to an
increase in fatigue.
2 studies explored workload and fatigue, and their impact
on performance.
- Study 1 examined the risk factors for fatigue and the
outcomes of it in relation to the rail industry. The results
showed that workload is one of several predictors of
fatigue.
- In Study 2 an online test integrating a single-item
subjective measure and objective cognitive tests was used
to examine the association between workload, fatigue and
performance. Workload was found to be a factor that
increased fatigue, which then resulted in a change in
performance.
source

…choking under pressure
What makes an elite sports star suddenly unable to do the very thing they have been
practising for years?
Failure to manage stress and cope with the demands at a crucial moment can lead
to a catastrophic drop in performance, known as choking.
How Elite Athletes Are Made by A Mark Williams
Shuttersstock

Blaming kills !
“Blaming kills productivity
because it diverts energy away from the
important work of delivering the vision to
unproductive work, such as defending
yourself, playing politics, inventing proof,
worrying, stress, distracted thought patterns,
gossip and extra-long breaks to ruminate on
the problem of being blamed”. Tim Taylor,
making great leaders
Blamed by others Blaming one self

Personal development consists of activities that develop a person's capabilities and potential through stress.
However most successful people are in tune with their environment and alert to the thoughts, sentiments and
feelings of other individuals around us. That’s what self accomplishment is : feeling at the right place in the world.
Our brain is built to help you survive. To do so, it has to find ways to reduce uncertainty. Uncertainty carries the
risk of danger, sending your body into “fight or flight” mode at the first sign of a threat. source
Mental preparation to cope under pressure
Self improvement against others (competition)
Beat the best and become a champion
Self accomplishment with others (belonging)
Pave your own way, play nicely and enjoy the game

Self-talk is often used to motivate and
enhance conﬁdence levels in athletes
prior to or during a sporting situation (Hall,
2009). Much research has focused on the
comparisons between positive and
negative self-talk. A series of studies have
found that positive self-talk “enhances
performance through increases in
conﬁdence and anxiety control.” (Hamilton,
2007, p. 227). Whereas negative self-talk
is viewed as being inappropriate and
counterproductive (Shaw, 2005). Contrary
to this, a study by Morgan (2010) found a
positive correlation between negative
self-talk and an increase of performance.
source
Self talk as a coping strategy
Shuttersstock

Coping strategies are being used as a way of eliminating an athlete’s level of stress and arousal before a game
(Morgan, 2010). Crocker, Kowalski, and Graham (1998) and Lazarus (1999) said that coping represents an
individual's cognitive, affective, and behavioral efforts to manage specific external and/or internal demands.
Athletes must develop a range of cognitive and behavioral coping skills to manage the competitive stressors they
face (Scanlan, Stein, & Ravizza, 1991). Different coping strategies have to be employed by athletes as they face
different critical situation. Kristiansen, Roberts and Abrahamsen (2007), said that different sports have different
sources of stress, and consequently participants require special strategies to cope successfully in their particular
field. Coping strategies used are self-talk, imagery and muscular relaxation. Imagery is a form of cognitive
restructuring. Murphy, Nordin and Cumming (2008) said that imagery can aid learning and performance, support
important psychological qualities such as self-confidence, and is characteristic of high-level performance. source
Imagery coping strategies
verywellfit

Anxiety uses up attention and working
memory, hindering performance
Mental
health
in
sports.
Competing
in
the
dark.
The
open
university,
milton
Keynes

Anxiety is different from stress, it is defined by persistent, excessive
worries that don't go away even in the absence of a stressor.
Anxiety is conceived as a response of the body, confronted with
environmental demands. The state of anxiety is linked to the
perception of a threat as a result of the evaluation of the current
situation as dangerous, physically or psychologically. source
Anxiety is emotional experience (state-like, trait-like and
meta-experience). People under stress experience mental and
physical symptoms, such as irritability, anger, fatigue, muscle pain,
digestive troubles, and difficulty sleeping. source
Intensity of anxiety is used as criteria of evaluation.
Anxiety is a constant emotional stress

The emotional response from anxiety
stems from the perception of a
discrepancy (imbalance) between the
diﬃculty of the task and the response
capacities. This response would also
depend on the importance of success
or failure for the subject: the
perception of a subjective discrepancy
between diﬃculty and ability only has
an anxiety-provoking character if
achieving the result represents a real
challenge. for the subject. Martens,
Vealey and Burton (1990) anxiety in
athletes.
Fear of results is feeding anxiety
The perception of the threat depends on two independent representations : the importance of the result,
and the uncertainty of the result

Mindfulness- and acceptance-based approaches are gaining momentum with sport psychology practitioners who
work to support elite athletes. These third wave cognitive behavioral approaches in sport psychology highlight
that thought suppression and control techniques can trigger a metacognitive scanning process, and that
excessive cognitive activity and task-irrelevant focus (self-focused attention such as trying to change thoughts)
disrupts performance. source
If something annonces itself to you, just ﬁx it Focus on being intensely aware of what you're sensing and feeling in the moment,
without interpretation or judgment.
Mindfulness and acceptance based approaches
Discipline yourself Be mindful of yourself

…to reflect on emotions and actions outcomes
Guidelines for anxiety-centered coping are proposed with the emphasis on emotion- and action-focused
strategies that affect situational emotional experiences accompanying performance.
The Identification-Control-Correction (ICC) program (Hanin & Hanina, 2009a,b) provides the step-wise
procedures to optimize the process of task execution. Successful action-focused coping is reflected in
emotion dynamics signaling a shift from the dysfunctional to functionally optimal person-environment (P-E)
interactions. Both reactive and anticipatory coping strategies are relevant to achieve an optimal balance
between current (or anticipated) task demands and personal resources. source

Behavioral therapy against anxiety
Sport psychology researcher, Dr Faye Didymus, worked with four high-level female hockey players over nine months,
using a CBT technique called cognitive restructuring to help them identify what put them under pressure, understand
how they responded emotionally, and then consider more helpful alternative responses. The results were immediate:
things that they had viewed as threats, players began to see instead as challenges, resulting in more positive
emotions and higher satisfaction with their performance. source

CBT will aid the person in identifying what
could be considered automatic negative
thoughts, which inﬂuence mood and
mindset. These thoughts seem to be
automatic and impulsive. But through CBT,
people can discern said thoughts and
restructure them into a more realistic and
positive train of thought. CBT techniques for
anxiety modify the ramiﬁcations of
anxiety-riddled thoughts into realistic,
objective, and helpful outcomes. Though it
was originally designed to treat depression,
its uses have been expanded to include the
treatment of a number of mental health
conditions, including anxiety,[5][6] alcohol
and drug use problems source
Contextual behavioral therapy (CBT)
Behavioral therapy to face reality

A preventive practice to increase performance
The athlete should reﬂect after each session as this may induce a positive mental state. The practitioner should
recreate a competitive environment and project himself (Shaw, 2005). By doing this the athlete will be more
prepared to deal with situations he/she they try to hide from.
stillpointperformance

Session test de la fresque des émotions à Paris - Le regard du Cygne Déc 2022

Jérémy Dumont, planneur stratégique @ pourquoitucours, fondateur de Nous Sommes Vivants

Real success over time also
requires your discipline and
stamina to extend to the
mastery of your own will,
because long-term success
demands emotionally
exhausting mental exertions
to deliberately challenge the
behaviors and attitudes that
might impede your success.
Performance is a state of
mind.
I'm starin' at the wall
High and feelin' small
Hidden in my theatrical state of mind
I wish you knew me when
I was a kid back then
Hidden in my cozy shelter

physiqu
e
NOT BORN TO
PERFOM
artistiqu
e
Médiatiqu
e
Under
pressure
“I spent my career surviving the pressure I put on myself,”
LA PERFORMANCE
HOLLISTIQUE

MASTER YOUR MIND TO PERFORM IN YOUR
LIFE
PERFORMANCE IS A MIND
GAME
Des
jeunes
Pendant sa carrière
A la
retraite
« NO ONE CAN UNDERSTAND WHATS GOING ON IN MY MIND, BUT ME »*
PSY + COACH + PARTIQUE = MIND COACHING TO BUILD
RESILIENCE….
*BECAUSE THE MIND IS THE STAGE OF IDENTITY, EMOTIONS, AND RESILIENCE

Cleveland Cavaliers player Kevin Love uses medication and therapy to help manage his depression
“In the NBA, you have trained
professionals to ﬁne-tune your life in so
many areas. Coaches, trainers, and
nutritionists have had a presence in my
life for years. But none of those people
could help me in the way I needed when
I was lying on the ﬂoor struggling to
breathe,” he said.
Nov
2019
https://www.theplayerstribune.com/articles/kevin-love-everyone-is-going-through-somethi
ng

CHANGING THE
GAME
https://www.hulu.com/movie/changing-the-game-71bcd7f5-63b4-485c-b4ee-ed41517484
d1
GAME

Accomplished athlete
When running I can move where, when and how I
feel. And I see so many beautiful landscapes. It is
freedom for me.”
Andrea Huser won the Ultra-Trail Atlas Toubkal (UTAT) twice – Photo: Laurence
Tange

I'm just achy. You've got to push through it. My teammates talked about doing a better job trying to pick
me up sometimes and not having me shoulder the whole load all the time.
Kobe Bryant
I really don't give it that much thought. A lot of people talk about it, and they saw how diﬃcult it is to do. I
just go out there and I work hard.
Kobe Bryant
It’s a new book, 24 — 24 is every day. Because when you get older, your muscles start getting sore. Body
starts aching. You show up to practice that day, you have to remind yourself, ‘Okay, this day is the most
important day. I got to push through this soreness. My ankles are tight, they won’t get loose. I got to go
through it, because this is the most important day.’ So, 24 also helped me from a motivational standpoint.”
It’s not fun if you are hurting yourself

GAME
Let's talk frankly: every day we experience stressful or unwanted situations that make us angry, scared or depressed, but we
cannot avoid them ... instead we can change the way we react to them by helping ourselves with the behavior of cognitive
therapy.
Discipline
yourself
If something annonces it self to you,
ﬁx it
Pave your own
road
Emotion is
powerful

Discipline
yourself
If something annonces it self to you,
ﬁx it
Self-discipline is the ability to control, and manage your feelings, actions and behaviors in order to channel them into
productive use
Let's talk frankly: every day we experience stressful or unwanted situations that make us angry, scared or depressed, but we cannot avoid them ... instead
we can change the way we react to them by helping ourselves with the behavior of cognitive therapy.
https://www.google.com/search?q=%E2%80%9Cpush+through+it%22&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwi1zYTruPr1AhWQxOAKHQe8AhcQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=%E2%80%9Cpush+through+it%22
=CgNpbWcQAzIECAAQEzIECAAQEzIGCAAQHhATMggIABAFEB4QEzIICAAQCBAeEBMyCAgAEAgQHhATMggIABAIEB4QEzIICAAQCBAeEBM6BggAEAgQHjoICAAQgAQQsQM6BQ
OgQIABBDOgcIABCxAxBDOgsIABCABBCxAxCDAToICAAQBxAeEBM6BggAEAcQHjoECAAQHjoICAAQBxAFEB46CAgAEAgQBxAeUK4ZWP1BYMJDaAJwAHgAgAFEiAHfB5IBAjE4mAE
qgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=Xc0HYvWqI5CJgweH-Iq4AQ&bih=673&biw=1381#imgrc=vhO5RFwgbbM3xM

Date
Soccer star and Olympic gold medalist Christie Pearce Rampone and sports neuropsychologist Dr. Kristine Keane share the best practices that
athletes, parents, and coaches can use to turn the lessons learned through sports into lifelong skills.
Sports offer a vital path for children to get healthy, self-confident, and social. In Be All In, three-time Olympic gold medalist, World Cup Champion, and US
team captain Christie Pearce Rampone and sports neuropsychologist and brain health expert Dr. Kristine Keane offer practical, real world advice on how to
handle the pressures felt by youth athletes, parents, and coaches today and provide kids with their best shot at reaching their dreams.
In contrast to outdated adages like "no pain, no gain," the ethos of "be all in" is about being authentically present in everything you do, on and off the field.
Through a unique blend of neuroscience, parenting strategies, and wisdom gleaned from the extraordinary experiences of a world-class athlete, this
transformative book explains how to create realistic expectations for kids, help them succeed in all aspects of their life, improve game day performance, and
reduce the stress of dealing with their coaches, ambitions,and losses.
With invaluable insight into parenting behaviors that may derail children's performance despite best intentions, and concrete strategies for teaching
accountability, confidence, self-efficacy, and resiliency, this fundamental guide has tips to support athletes of any age, sport, or level of competition.
“When you commit yourself to one sport at such a young age, you lose who you are as a person. You want to make sure you can take a step back and realize why you are playing that sport,”
says Rampone.
if he can’t “get his head in the game” and realize his potential, his performance will suffer and he will be
unhappy.
how to understand the pressure kids encounter playing sports and how to turn them into a positive experience.
Take a step back. Handle their own pressure. Deal with the ups and downs. Have their most authentic path for their own jiurney vs. pushing. Cath up. Step back.
Being present. Being mindful that you are there for a purpose.
A unique person. Aligned w/ my values. Play to win???? Competitive sports.
Too good allow the other players to have success. Being a good teammate? .make the teammates better.
Believe in yourself. Have the abilities.. You are good enough.
In the book there is a chapter called Slowing Down to Speed Up, and that’s really about taking a step back and it’s really about being mindful of what are our goals and what are our values as a family.
hey push to play

I want to make it clear that I don’t
have things figured out about all of
this. I’m just starting to do the hard
work of getting to know myself.
For 29 years, I avoided that. Now,
I’m trying to be truthful with
myself. I’m trying to be good to the
people in my life. I’m trying to face
the uncomfortable stuff in life
while also enjoying, and being
grateful for, the good stuff. I’m
trying to embrace it all, the good,
bad and ugly.
Mental health is an invisible thing, but it touches all of us at some point or another. It’s part of
life. Like DeMar said, “You never know what that person is going through.”

Mental health isn’t just an athlete thing.
What you do for a living doesn’t have to
deﬁne who you are. This is an everyone
thing. No matter what our circumstances,
we’re all carrying around things that hurt
— and they can hurt us if we keep them
buried inside. Not talking about our inner
lives robs us of really getting to know
ourselves and robs us of the chance to
reach out to others in need. So if you’re
reading this and you’re having a hard
time, no matter how big or small it seems
to you, I want to remind you that you’re
not weird or diﬀerent for sharing what
you’re going through. Just the opposite. It
could be the most important thing you
do. It was for me.

Can Getting Mentally Tough Up Your Game? In All Sports, the Answer Is
Yes
https://www.everydayhealth.com/wellness/resilience/can-getting-mentally-tough-up-your-gam
“Handling it” for athletes meant
ﬁguring out new ways to train, be a
team, and be ourselves, says Konzer.
Sport, especially one that you devote a
lot of time and energy to, can provide a
sense of identity and it might be your
coping mechanism to deal with other
stressors. “That was ripped away,”
Konzer says.
Athletes and performance coaches identify
aspects of their performance they struggle
with (physically or mentally), and then
ﬁnd ways that changing their thoughts or
behaviors could help them overcome
them. If a basketball player feels paralyzed
every time she steps up to the free-throw
line, what’s causing it? Is it the anxiety that
all eyes are on her? Is she self-conscious of
the response of her teammates if she
misses the shot?
GAME

MARDI 12 OCTOBRE
2021
« Je pense qu'il y a aussi une erreur des joueurs qui ne prennent pas au sérieux leur santé
mentale et qui n'investissent pas sur eux.
Certains joueurs sont tellement habitués à ce qu'on leur paye tout au niveau des clubs,
qu'eux-mêmes ont du mal à dépenser de l'argent et à investir sur leur santé personnelle. Or je
pense que le travail d'accompagnement psychologique se fait en grande partie en dehors du
club » , lance même Anthony Mette, pour qui le suivi au sein des clubs reste insuﬃsant.

Apolo Anton Ohno médaillé olympique dit que Naomi Osaka a fait preuve de "leadership" et de courage en
révélant ses problèmes de santé mentale
L'ami de Bloom, le skieur aérien Jeret "Speedy" Peterson, s'est suicidé en 2011, un an et
demi seulement après avoir remporté une médaille d'argent. Il avait 29 ans. Pour
Bloom, Peterson avait toujours semblé être "le gars le plus heureux". Sauf la nuit où
Peterson a frappé à sa porte au Centre d'entraînement olympique de Lake Placid vers
2005. « Il était en larmes. Je ne l'ai jamais vu pleurer. Il dit: "J'ai juste besoin de te
parler", a récemment déclaré Bloom depuis son domicile de Boulder, dans le Colorado.
"Il m'a vraiment parlé de certaines des luttes mentales auxquelles il était confronté."
Mais Bloom a déclaré qu'il "n'était pas du tout équipé. « Je n'avais aucune idée des
choses à demander, des choses à dire. J'avais juste l'impression qu'il passait une
mauvaise nuit », a-t-il déclaré. "Et j'aimerais pouvoir revenir à ce moment et savoir ce
que je sais maintenant et être en mesure d'être un meilleur soutien pour lui ... Et alors
j'ai dit:" Eh bien, je ferais mieux de m'éduquer, de devenir plus intelligent à ce sujet, et
Je ferais mieux de commencer à en parler parce que c'est ce que Jeret voudrait que je
fasse.

https://www.health.com/condition/depression/20-celebrities-who-battled-depressio
n?slide=7554a9c4-23da-4563-bd3b-6e3b87540fbc#7554a9c4-23da-4563-bd3b-6e3b87540f
bc

https://naibuzz.com/songs-about-pressure-expectations
/

GAME
LE MONDE DU DIVERTISSEMENT S’INTERESSE AUX CHOSES
SERIEUSES,
LES GENS SERIEUX S’INTERESSENT PAS AUX CHOSES SERIEUSES
SPORT
CINEMA
MUSIQUE
ENTREPRISES
ORGANISATIONS
(LOCALES)
SOCIETE

Quel écosystème
!
Le star system
Les medias
sociaux
L’entreprise
NOT BORN TO
PERFOM
FAN
S
EXPERT
S
TO
CONVINCE
L’entrepris
e
COACHES
TEATCHER
S PLUS LARGEMENT
TOUTES LES
ORGANISATIONS
C’EST VOTRE
RESPONSABILITE
MINDIMPACTS LE NV
IMPACT
politics, economy, science, culture, and
society

GAME
VERS UNE NOUVELLE ECOLOGIE HUMAINE
CHANGING THE GAME -
BY CHANGING BEHAVIOR
OUVERTURE A
SOI, LES AUTRES, LE
MONDE
UNE NOUVELLE
ECOLOGIE HUMAINE
IMPACT ECOLOGQUE

La prégnance de l’urgence climatique dans le débat public et son influence sur les décisions d’une jeunesse de plus en plus intransigeante sur
le sujet, son impact sur l’image et la vie des entreprises, leur communication, leur raison d’être.... ne sont plus à démontrer. Pas une semaine
sans mobilisations nationales, continentales ou mondiales, comme autant de cris d’alerte contre les conséquences du réchauffement
climatique sur nos vies actuelles et futures. Pas un jour sans qu’un lieu de la planète ne soit touché par un phénomène météorologique
inhabituel, lequel, relié à des cohortes de phénomènes atypiques, vient conforter les études de long terme, portant celles-ci non plus sur la
météo, mais sur le climat. Pas un mois sans une catastrophe dite naturelle, bien qu’elle n’ait plus de naturelle que le nom tant l’impact de
l’empreinte de l’homme sur la nature a été démontré.
La jeunesse du monde entier se mobilise et, pour celles et ceux qui ont la chance d’avoir le choix, décide de plus en plus souvent de ne
postuler que dans des entreprises à ses yeux vertueuses, ou de ne consommer qu’à condition de connaître l’impact du cycle de vie de ses
achats. C’est la même jeunesse qui commence à refuser de prendre l’avion, qui change de régime alimentaire et nous interpelle sur le monde
que nous lui laissons. Ce que nous demandent les jeunes générations actuelles pour aujourd'hui et pour leur futur c’est un discours vérifié,
précis et des actions concrètes, notamment de la part des marques qui les habillent, nourrissent, accompagnent au quotidien.
Transitions : devenez un game
changer

GAME
NOUVELLES PERSPECTIVES SUR LE FACTEUR HUMAIN GRACE AU GIECO
SOCIA
L
COGNIGTIO
N ORGANISATIO
N
INDIVIDUE
L
CHANGING
BEHAVIOR
S
LA RECHERCHE LA SOLUTION L’IMPACT

Une chorégraphie Originale par Sadeck Waﬀ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XCdsIkQqAmE
COLLECTIVE PERFORMANCE
?

Showman ship. Decades of practice. Talent. Waiting for your turn without changing channel.
Someone who performs interact with their audience, or followers. Audience and followers are different. People sometimes follow you because you have audience. People sometimes come to see you because
you have followers.
Perform is a complicated word, it is associated with performer, performance, and they mean slightly different things. Some performances are not made in the public.
Some of the major attributes of someone who likes to perform:
1. They like to entertain people and like to make others happy or impressed;
2. They like to take a stand and find followers that way - they don’t mind people who don’t follow because they are not trying to find “non followers”.
3. They find a way to find their skills and find their audience by focusing very early.
4. They find a way to gain a business mindset so they treat the world as business of hobby, not a hobby.
volume_up
performance {substantif}
FR
• volume_up
performance performances prestation mise en scène
volume_up
performances {pl}
FR
• volume_up
spectacles
volume_up
performative {adj.}
FR
• volume_up
performatif
volume_up
performativity {substantif}
FR
• volume_up
performativité
Le concept de performativité peut donc s’appliquer non seulement à toute action mais aussi à toute discipline qui n’entre habituellement pas dans le créneau de la performance : l’architecture, la littérature, le droit, la
peinture, etc. Autrement dit, la performativité serait le résultat de la reconnaissance du potentiel performatif d’une action, d’un événement ou d’un objet, potentiel qui relèverait des quatre catégories énoncées plus hau
(être, faire, montrer le faire et l’expliquer).
16
Vue ainsi, la performativité n’est donc pas une fin en soi, une réalité concrète et achevée, mais un processus qui se repère dans un événement. Elle peut même être construction (d’une réalité x comme performance) et
reconstruction (reconnaissance intellectuelle des étapes de cette construction). Schechner précise :
17
Autrement dit, tout comme il n’y a pas de limites théoriques à la performativité […], même la non-performance – s’asseoir sur une chaise, traverser la rue, dormir – peut être transformée en performance en concevant ces actions ordinaires comme
autant de performances [13]
[13]
Ibid., p. 142 (« In other words, just as there are no…
.
https://www.cairn.info/revue-communications-2013-1-page-205.htm#:~:text=Autrement%20dit%2
C%20la%20performativit%C3%A9%20serait,faire%20et%20l'expliquer).
La « valeur de risque », l’« échec » deviennent des caractéristiques constitutives de la performativité et doivent dès lors être considérés comme structurels. Derrida réussit ainsi à sortir la performativité de son aporie
austinienne en lui permettant de devenir un véritable outil théorique transférable à d’autres champs que celui de la linguistique.
• De la performance à la
performativité
• Josette Féral
d
• Athlètes
• Plaisir du corps du geste de la tête
• Josette Féral
• Be all in
• Josette
Féral
• Caring for other
• (Perform to care)
• Taking
care

LA PRÉPARATION MENTALE AU DELA DE L’EFFORT
PHYSIQUE

Let Your Mind
Run
Deena Kastor was a star youth runner with tremendous
promise, yet her career almost ended after college, when
her competitive method — run as hard as possible, for
fear of losing — fostered a frustration and negativity and
brought her to the brink of burnout.
Building a mind so strong would take years of eﬀort and
discipline, but it would propel Kastor to the pinnacle of
running — to American records in every distance from the
5K to the marathon — and to the accomplishment of
earning America's ﬁrst Olympic medal in the marathon in
twenty years.

Self talk, “the little voice” is everyone’s coach.
These swings confirm
how important the vision
of success is for the
individual.
Understanding the triggers
that impact our attitude and
influence the decisions we
make will strengthen our
ability to succeed more often
We are all prone to variable
performance levels and it is
almost impossible to be
efficient all the time
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe “Thinking is easy, acting is difficult, and putting one’s thoughts
into action is the most difficult thing in the world.”
When we are engulfed in self doubt, we are seeing our vision from a new perspective and
consequently often see new solutions to the problems that triggered self-doubt in the first
instance.
https://makinggreatleaders.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02
/MGL_PDF_PerformanceLifecycle.pdf

“Athletes just don’t talk about our
weaknesses. We’re tough. We will
hide anything — and especially if
it’s a team environment — because
you don’t want to let someone
know what you’re going through.”
— Lolo Jones
Yes
Athletes are under a lot of pressure to push themselves
rigorously during training day after day — and then
perform at their very best as soon as the game, match, or
race starts. That pressure gets amplified today thanks to
technology and social media that connects the public with
events happening everywhere, often in real-time, explains
Lani Lawrence, PsyD, the director of wellness and clinical
services and supervisor of player engagement and
development for the New York Giants.
“Now, mistakes can be immediately uploaded, tweeted,
placed on Instagram, Facebook, or Snapchat, where the
individual and team can be ridiculed — all before they
return home,” she says. “The pressure to succeed in this
fishbowl, especially for athletes who have not developed
effective coping skills, can be overwhelming.”

The NCAA published survey data in February 2021 from nearly 25,000 student
athletes that revealed 27 percent of males and 51 percent of females reporting
feeling overwhelmed either constantly or most every day. And 11 percent of males
and 29 percent of females felt overwhelming anxiety. Mental health concerns were
higher in women, student athletes of color, and people on the queer spectrum. In
most areas that were surveyed, the rates of reported mental health concerns
experienced by student athletes during the time of the survey were 1.5 to 2 times
higher than have been historically reported in pre-pandemic studies, according to
the report.
Yes

TheOptimumPerformanceProgra
m
https://www.instagram.com/unlvtopp
/
TOPP @ UNLV provides knowledge and training in sport, entertainment, education & other performance areas of one’s
life
Athletes and performance coaches identify aspects of their performance they struggle with (physically or mentally), and then ﬁnd ways that changing their thoughts or behaviors could help them
overcome them. If a basketball player feels paralyzed every time she steps up to the free-throw line, what’s causing it? Is it the anxiety that all eyes are on her? Is she self-conscious of the response of her
teammates if she misses the shot? "We explain how thoughts, behaviors, and feelings all have an inﬂuence on performance," he says. "[Athletes] can practice those skills just like any other skill in their
sport."

The Optimum Performance Program (TOPP)
is an award-winning applied research and
training program focused on the
development, evaluation, and training of
optimization programs with the help of
friends, family members, and other support
systems. Goal-achievement is conceptualized
through optimal regulation of thoughts,
emotions, and behaviors that are consistent
with a positive outlook and state of
well-being. Approaching mental wellness
holistically, the optimization programs at
TOPP are developed to be applicable to all
aspects and levels of life performance for
people with specialized skill sets in unique
cultures, such as artists, athletes, business
professionals, students, ﬁrst responders, and
so on. TOPP has also been implemented with
recreational and elite populations including
World champions, World record holders,
National champions, Professionals, and even
Cirque du soleil performers.
https://www.toppscience.com
The Optimum Performance
Program

https://www.toppscience.com/copy-of-resources-
1
The Optimum Performance
Program

GAME
Henri Bergson made this powerful observation: The eye sees only what the mind is prepared to
comprehend.

WHEN LEADERS BLAME OR ALLOW OTHERS TO BLAME PRODUCTIVITY TAKES A HIT
AS DOES MORALE AND CULTURE.
https://www.makinggreatleaders.com/2017/11/30/blaming-kills
/

Workhiping fixed talent, or believing that everybody can develop their abilities
?
The Growth Mindset | Carol Dweck | Talks at Google
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-71zdXCMU6A
She worked with a major baseball team.
How did you get so good at baseball : I
was borned with this natural talent / my
father ans I trained constantly. He filmed
the tapes and helped me improve my
game.
Thinking about on field success what
would you change ? Getting used to the
crowd cheering, Maybe everything. I
might need to take all my skills to
another level. It’s a whole new ballgame.
It’s important to have the ability to
reorganize and redefine yourself and
develop new skills

GAME

GAME
THE TYRANY OF NOW Developing a Growth Mindset with
Carol
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hiiEeMN7vbQ
The premise being, everyone’s mindset shifts because of emotional triggers. Great leaders counter this natural phenomenon by creating a vision they are committed to, by defining values to hold themselves accountable and
setting goals to maintain momentum. Without defining these elements, leaders are just as prone to following their emotions as anyone else. In effect, triggers cause a shift in mindset, moving us from a flexible, open mindset to a
fixed, closed mindset. A tell-tale sign that this mindset shift has happened is an outbreak of blaming.

LES ORGANISATIONS SPORTIVES
?
FOOT

Mbappe claims French national team made him feel like a 'problem' after Euro 2020 penalty miss
Kylian Mbappe has claimed the French
national team made him feel like a
"problem" in the aftermath of Euro 2020 and
admitted that he "would have liked" more
support from team-mates after his missed
penalty sealed their tournament exit.
Oct 05, 2021 02:02+02:00
https://www.goal.com/en/news/mbappe-claims-french-national-team-made-him-feel-like-
a/dscfhegme5a61i0c0i0pam6vj
In an interview with L’Equipe this week, KM7 revealed he suﬀered racial abuse after missing a
penalty at Euro 2020 but didn’t feel like he received enough support from FFF or his
teammates, and believed he instead became an “issue” to the detriment of the national team.

Footballers are humans too and the spotlight should also come with protection for the superstars we love.
https://versus.uk.com/2021/10/kylian-mbappes-treatment-euro-2020-start-important-conversation-player-welf
are/
Just recently, The world players’ union FIFPRO
warned football authorities over the amount of
tournaments and increasing ﬁxtures in relation to
player health. The mental aspect needs to be taken
into account too. We need to reach a place where
prevention is prioritised rather than the cure. In th
examples of Naomi and Simone, both were still
ridiculed for looking after themselves.Despite the
fame and exposure, these athletes are still human
beings with real feelings and emotions. They
deserved to be treated that way, too.
17h00 , le 22 janvier 2022
Some of the biggest athletes in the world like Naomi Osaka and Simone Biles have been vocal about their own vulnerability this year, and Mbappé deserves credit for sharing
his own story.

Thomas Tuchel: Chelsea Are Mentally & Physically Tired After Brighton
Draw
https://www.si.com/soccer/chelsea/news/thomas-tuchel-chelsea-are-mentally-physically-tire
d-after-brighton-draw
Thomas Tuchel has suggested that his Chelsea side
are mentally and physically tired after dropping
points once again in the Premier League against
Brighton and Hove Albion.
‘We are mentally tired and physically tired, you can
see it in our performance, it’s as easy as that,’
Tuchel said. ‘We need to recharge the batteries, we
need to reconnect. This is my feeling, that’s why I
give the players two days oﬀ and then we will use
Friday and Saturday to prepare for Sunday [against
Tottenham Hotspur].’
• JAN 18,
2022
hat dip in pressing performance could be explained by tiredness, as players struggle to be as eﬀective when harassing
n opponent or choose their moments to press less well due to mental fatigue. But the reality is that Chelsea’s dip in form

Les clubs et les syndicats de joueurs, par l'intermédiaire de leurs organes représentatifs, l'ECA et
la FIFPRO, ont élaboré des lignes directrices internationales de la protection de la santé des
joueurs
● Des mesures de protection contre les
déplacements vers et à travers les régions
présentant des risques de sécurité plus
élevés liés à la Covid-19
● Des engagements sur les droits des joueurs
aux vacances et/ou aux repos en intersaison
● Des engagements pour des périodes de
reprise de l'entraînement avant le début des
compétitions
● Une gestion continue de la charge des
joueurs
● La mise en place d'un processus de travail
commun et ouvert pour établir des normes
dans divers domaines
• Les lignes directrices proposent un premier cadre de protection pour prévenir le risque inutile d'infections, limiter quelconque nombre croissant de blessures et établir des bases de
référence pour la programmation future des matches.
La pandémie actuelle de la COVID-19 aura un impact sur nos jeux, cet impact se retrouve en partie
dans le calendrier extrêmement condensé de matches et de compétitions, situation qui se
poursuivra jusqu'à la ﬁn de la saison 2022/2023.
21 août 2020

NOT BORN TO
PERFOM
Theletsane speaks on Covid
battle
https://www.thepost.co.ls/sports/theletsane-speaks-on-covid-battle
/
“It’s not a normal situation,” he
said. “You get stressed and the
only thing I was doing during
that time was watching TV and
playing video games all the
time.” Theletsane’s comments
are rare because it is taboo in
football, and perhaps Lesotho in
general, to speak about anything
related to mental health. One
common theme during this
uncommon time has been the
players’ silence when it comes to
their experiences of the
pandemic.

La FIFPRO constate une accumulation de la
charge de travail pour les joueurs au cours du
premier trimestre de la saison 2020-2021 au
niveau du football européen et de la charge
mentale et physique à laquelle ils vont être
confrontés jusqu'en 2022. Le traitement actuel
du calendrier des matchs pendant cette
période d'urgence ne tient pas suffisamment
compte de leur santé, de leur bien-être et de
leurs performances. Il nécessite une révision
urgente et continue de la part des
organisateurs de compétitions.
https://fifpro.org/fr/soutenir-les-joueurs/sante-et-performance/charge-de-travail-des-joueur
s/fifpro-statement-emergency-period-workload-risks-player-health/
Les mesures de protection des joueurs doivent inclure :
• Une pause obligatoire de quatre semaines minimum dans
l'intersaison
• L'intégration de pauses flexibles de deux semaines à la
mi-saison
• Des protocoles individuels de gestion de la charge
• Des périodes d'entraînement de quatre semaines minimum
avant la saison
• Un soutien en santé mentale et physique
• L'introduction obligatoire de la règle des cinq remplaçants

« En raison de la COVID-19, ces dernières
années, les joueurs ont fait face à beaucoup
d'incertitude et d'anxiété concernant la
situation sportive et l'avenir du paysage
footballistique en Australie », a déclaré
Wilkinson, mais pour lui, cet accord de cinq
ans a apporté un « sentiment de stabilité et de
sécurité aux joueurs ». En raison de l'expansio
et de l'augmentation du nombre de matches
(16 au lieu de 14), le salaire minimum des
joueurs de la W-League augmentera
proportionnellement.
https://www.ﬁfpro.org/fr/soutenir-les-joueurs/conditions-d-emploi/negociations-et-conventio
ns-collectives/les-joueurs-australiens-se-felicitent-du-nouvel-accord-sur-les-conditions-de-travail/
Les joueurs australiens se félicitent du nouvel accord sur les conditions de travail en
ﬁfpro
22 octobre
2021

Le nombre de matches consécutifs dans le
football professionnel masculin d'élite a
augmenté au cours des trois dernières années
certains footballeurs passant 70 à 80 % de leur
temps de jeu à un rythme de deux matches pa
semaine, selon un nouveau rapport de la
FIFPRO. Outre la concentration de matches, le
nombreux déplacements et la réduction des
pauses en saison et hors saison pèsent
également sur la santé et les performances.
Réalisé avec KPMG Football Benchmark, le rapport se base sur les données
d'environ 40 000 apparitions d'un échantillon de 265 joueurs masculins issus de 4
ligues entre juin 2018 et août 2021.
https://www.ﬁfpro.org/fr/soutenir-les-joueurs/sante-et-performance/charge-de-travail-de
s-joueurs/une-etude-de-la-ﬁfpro-revele-une-augmentation-du-nombre-de-matches-consecut
ifs/

Both workload and fatigue impair performance, and a
high workload can lead to an increase in fatigue. This
paper reports on two studies regarding workload and
fatigue, and their impact on performance. Study 1
examined the risk factors for fatigue and the
outcomes of it in relation to the rail industry. The
results showed that workload is one of several
predictors of fatigue. In Study 2 an online test
integrating a single-item subjective measure and
objective cognitive tests was used to examine the
association between workload, fatigue and
performance. Workload was found to be a factor that
increased fatigue, which then resulted in a change in
performance.
The Impact of Workload and Fatigue on
Performance
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317545569_The_Impact_of_Workload_and_Fatigue_on_Performa

https://fifpro.org/media/reufmwpu/2021-fifpro-pwm-womens-annual-report-eng.p
Annual Workload Report - Men’s
Football
The report provides scientific analysis on player workload and
match scheduling over the last three years, covering some
40,000 appearances by a sample of 265 male players from 44
domestic leagues across six confederations and includes club
and national team matches.
The research reveals that a large number of players do not get
the recommended five days of rest before most of their
matches.
Excessive workload has many detrimental effects on players
and competitions. The negative impact of individual match
workload and continuous competition cycles is aggravated by
the absence of individual and collective safeguards. This causes
major harm to players and the game, ultimately also
undermining the sporting value of competitions. Here are the
most common negative effects.

The heavy workload is posing
increasing and unsustainable
demands on players; data from the
PWM platform show that while
knock-on eﬀects of the COVID-19
pandemic are seen across club and
national team calendars in every
continent, the current format of the
international match calendar is not
meeting the requirements of the
professional football industry for
the next decade
CRITICAL WORKLOAD FACTORS ACROSS THE LAST THREE
SEASONS
https://www.footballbenchmark.com/documents/ﬁles/public/PWM_M
en_Annual_Report%20%5BFINAL%5D%20-%2013%20October.pdf

There are almost no „football-free”
periods in the current calendar;
there are no safeguards that would
prevent excessive workload. We
are convinced that new
competitions must not be added
before the calendar is
comprehensively reformed with
the players’ interests at heart
NO COMPETITIONS CAN BE ADDED WITHOUT RETHINKING THE IMC AND
PLAYER SAFEGUARDS

THE EFFECT OF MULTIPLE MATCH
EXPOSURES
The highest percentage of critical zone
minutes can be seen in the case of
international club competitions and domestic
cups, which is not surprising given that these
competitions are most often played
mid-week, between league ﬁxtures. Players
are likely to have played a match the
weekend before.

THE EFFECT OF MULTIPLE MATCH
EXPOSURES
It is apparent that goalkeepers had the
highest average share every season. The
reason behind that is the fact that they are
very rarely substituted, which means that it is
“easier” for them to meet the criteria for an
appearance to be in the critical zone

HIGHEST WORKLOAD PLAYING GROUP (PLAYERS WITH THE MOST MINUTES
PLAYED)
The twenty players in the PWM platform
with the most minutes played across all
competitions in a season. Players with
this proﬁle generally make it far in
international competitions (e.g. Kylian
Mbappé), play a lot of national team
games (e.g. Lionel Messi) and are
ever-present in their teams (e.g. Harry
Maguire). They are international players
at the very top of the professional game.

NO COMPETITIONS CAN BE ADDED WITHOUT RETHINKING THE IMC AND
PLAYER SAFEGUARDS
THULANI HLATSHWAYO
The congested end to the
resumed South African league
led to a very high critical zone
minutes percentage across eight
matches of 88%. Based on the
much lower critical zone figures
of previous seasons, it can be
assumed that the player was not
accustomed to such an intense
pace of play, exposing him to
higher risk of injury. Generally,
the busiest periods for
Hlatshwayo (and other South
African league players) were in
the middle of each season with
critical zone percentages
sometimes exceeding 50% in
consecutive months
FRENKIE DE JONG De Jong had a
very busy 2020/21 campaign after
that: more than 80% of all his
playing time was in the critical
zone, the highest figure of any
player in the PWM sample. As the
chart shows, his season was full of
back-to-back matches throughout
with virtually no rest afforded to
him. Had FC Barcelona progressed
further in the UEFA Champions
League, his overutilisation could
have been even more extreme

The ﬁndings presented in this chapter are related
to the 85 top female players who are featured in
the FIFPRO PWM platform.
More than half of the sample (52%), played
between 5,000 and 8,000 minutes between
2018/19 and 2020/21. If we consider a full game
being equal to approximately 95 minutes, it
means that half of the players included in the
sample played on average between 18 and 28
matches per season.
There are only six players in the PWM sample with over 11,000 minutes
played since 2018; all of them are from the UEFA confederation and three of
them play for FC Barcelona. This ﬁnding shows the importance of
international club competitions, which can “extend” the season of players.
Annual Workload Report - Women’s
Football

CRYSTAL
DUNN
CRYSTAL DUNN
Dunn recorded the
highest percentage of
appearances and minutes
played in the critical
zone, 52% and 53% of
the total respectively,
equating to 46 matches
and 3,818 minutes. • Her
calendar was quite
unbalanced, as there are
very congested months
with matches played in
the critical zone,
alternating with periods
of next to no matches
MAGDALENA ERIKSSON
She played 66 matches in the
critical zone, meaning 50% of
her total matches played. This
corresponds to 6,148 minutes in
three years, which is an
unusually high ﬁgure
comparatively for top women’s
football players. • The beginning
of the 2018/19 season
represented the busiest period for
her: in September 2018 she
played six matches in the critical
zone over several diﬀerent
competitions

the ten players in the PWM
platform with the most minutes
played across all competitions in a
season. Players with this proﬁle
generally make it far in
international competitions (e.g.
Dzsenifer Marozsan), play a lot of
national team games (e.g.
Magdalena Eriksson) and almost
always play for their teams (e.g.
María León). They are international
players at the very top of the
professional game

Si les footballeurs sont plus
susceptibles de souﬀrir de blessures
physiques en raison de leur type de
profession, le bien-être mental des
joueurs doit également être pris en
compte. Les footballeurs exercent leur
métier devant des milliers de
supporters dans les stades, et devant
des millions de téléspectateurs, en
ligne et sur les médias sociaux. Ils
vivent ainsi une pression dont peu de
gens ont l'expérience.
https://ﬁfpro.org/fr/soutenir-les-joueurs/sante-et-performanc
e
Les problèmes de santé peuvent être mentaux, et pas seulement
physiques

FIFPRO Mental Health Awareness - Are you ready to talk?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cCqDwDHJLuA
01 June 2021
FIFPRO research shows that up
to 38 percent of footballers
suffer from mental health
symptoms during their career,
and how during the onset of the
COVID-19 pandemic the
number of players experiencing
difficulties increased.
In a 2019 FIFPRO survey, a
majority of players mentioned
that mental health symptoms
influence their performances
negatively, but adequate help
was lacking. Member unions
also informed FIFPRO about a
growing need for improved
support.

Une étude de santé menée par la
FIFPRO
Le coup d'envoi du projet a été donné ﬁn 2019 lors d'un événement organisé au stade Emirates d'Arsenal à Londres,
avec des médecins de clubs comme le Real Madrid, des fédérations de football anglaise et néerlandaise et des
Queens Park Rangers. L'inscription des joueurs a commencé en 2020.
Pas moins de 150 footballeurs
professionnels – 90 hommes et 60 femmes –
ont commencé à participer à un projet
d'étude de leur santé déroulé sur 10 ans.
L'étude consistera à suivre le bien-être
mental de tous les joueurs, ainsi que le
fonctionnement de leur cerveau, de leur
cœur et de leurs muscles, au cours de leur
carrière et dans les premières années
suivant leur retraite sportive. Elle est menée
par le Dr Vincent Gouttebarge, médecin en
chef de la FIFPRO, et coﬁnancée par la
Drake Foundation (Angleterre), la société
de soins de santé Mehiläinen (Finlande) et
Push Sports (Pays-Bas).
Elle pourrait nous permettre par exemple de trouver davantage de preuves du lien entre les
commotions cérébrales et le fonctionnement du cerveau et, pour les footballeuses, des données
probantes sur le rapport entre les menstruations et les blessures. Mais en réalité, de nombreuses
6 avril
2021

https://www.world-today-news.com/psychological-disorders-are-just-as-important-as-the-physic
al-health-of-athletes-assures-doctor-vincent-gouttebarge/
01 June 2021
FIFPRO research shows that up to 38
percent of footballers suffer from mental
health symptoms during their career, and
how during the onset of the COVID-19
pandemic the number of players
experiencing difficulties increased.
In a 2019 FIFPRO survey, a majority of
players mentioned that mental health
symptoms influence their performances
negatively, but adequate help was lacking.
Member unions also informed FIFPRO
about a growing need for improved
support.
It has been almost ten years since the
Fifpro works on the subject of
mental health. In 2013, we launched a pilot
study on the prevalence and causes of
mental health disorders during and after
career. A larger study in 2015 showed that
15 to 25% of former professional players
suffered from symptoms of anxiety (a
similar rate to the general population level)
and that the proportion was even higher
among career professional players (25 to
35%). Psychological disorders are therefore
widespread problems that must be tackled.
Hence the creation of our awareness
campaign in June, titled “Are you ready to
talk?” (“Ready to talk about it?”). Vincent
Gouttebarge

MARDI 12 OCTOBRE
2021
“Nous nous eﬀorçons de promouvoir
et de protéger la santé et la qualité de
vie des footballeurs professionnels au
cours de leur carrière, mais aussi
au-delà” — de Dr. Vincent
Gouttebarge, FIFPRO Chief Medical
Oﬃcer

https://www.world-today-news.com/psychological-disorders-are-just-as-important-as-the-physic
al-health-of-athletes-assures-doctor-vincent-gouttebarge/
01 June 2021

Objectives The primary objective was to examine the attitudes of professional footballers towards help-seeking
behaviours related to mental health symptoms and the impact of a mental health awareness video on these
help-seeking behaviours. The secondary objective was to evaluate whether the mental health awareness video
was feasible in professional football.
Methods A quasi-experimental study based on a one-group pretest post-test was conducted using a
questionnaire. Attitude, help-seeking behaviours and confidence were measured with validated questionnaires,
including the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help-Short Form (ATSPPH-SF) and General
Help-Seeking Questionnaire (GHSQ).
Results Sixty-five professional footballers (63% men; 37% women) were enrolled in the study. The mean
ATSPPH-SF score was 18.1 at pretest and 19.4 at post-test (p=0.00). The mean GHSQ score was 47.6 at pretes
and 48.9 at post-test (p=0.00). The level of confidence in helping someone experiencing mental health symptom
was 11.1 at pretest and 11.7 at post-test (p=0.00). All participants rated the mental health awareness video as
relevant; 88% mentioned that it added value to raise awareness about mental health symptoms and disorders in
professional football. Eighty-three per cent rated the design positively, 69% were positive about the duration of
the video and 88% of participants reported an increase in their knowledge and understanding of mental health
symptoms and disorders in professional football.
Conclusion The mental health awareness video led to a better attitude of professional footballers towards menta
Help-seeking behaviours related to mental health symptoms in professional
football
https://bmjopensem.bmj.com/content/7/2/e00107
0
Sixty-five
professional
footballers
(63% men; 37%
women) were
enrolled in the
study.

01 June 2021
Mental Health - FIFPRO World
Players’
Raising awareness of the mental
health struggles faced by
footballers in today's game is
one of ... FIFPRO video about
mental health: Are you ready to
talk?

“I always ﬂed into alcohol when
I encountered problems. That
was my solution.” “Talking was
my biggest problem,” Martin
confessed. “I never said anything
to anyone. Even until now, I have
only told a few people.”
“Look for someone you trust and
tell them what is going on. It
could be a teammate or anybody
else. Every player has someone
he or she can trust. Simply talk
and don’t feel ashamed.”
Martin is one of four players collaborating with FIFPRO’s mental health awareness programme, Are you

https://www.fifpro.org/en/supporting-players/health-and-performance/mental-health/macare
na-sanchez-talking-about-my-depression-was-the-first-step-i-had-to-take/
“It was March 2020, in one of the
regular therapy sessions I had
every week. I’d been feeling
pretty bad, and I went to the
sessions without really telling my
therapist what I was going
through, because I was
embarrassed about what she
would think. I felt my life was
worthless; it had no meaning.
Everything I had and all I had
achieved was not enough; I
wanted to disappear, I wanted to
die. In that session, I couldn’t
take it anymore and felt I had to
ask for help. I had a hard time
leaving the therapist’s office. I
was in a very vulnerable state.

How do you recognise mental
health symptoms and how
should you react? World
player union FIFPRO
presents a special toolkit
(including this video) to raise
awareness among
professional footballers about
mental health problems.

?
JO

The International Olympic Committee released a consensus statement in an
eﬀort to improve mental health among elite athletes. It was published in 2019
in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.

le 19 octobre 2021
“Nous avons beaucoup appris aux Jeux de Tokyo, et
nous attendons avec impatience les Jeux de Pékin
pour mieux comprendre les besoins de nos athlètes
en matière de santé mentale“
Jessica Bartley, l’une des responsables du département médical du
Comité olympique et paralympique des États-Unis (USOPC) à
l’occasion de la journée presse organisée par l’USOPC avant les Jeux
de Pékin 2022
https://www.francsjeux.com/breves/une-cellule-psychologique-pour-la-delegation-americai
ne
L’instance américaine a déjà procédé à une vaste opération de “dépistage” des éventuels problèmes psychologiques dont pourraient souﬀrir les athlètes ou leur
encadrement, dont la dépression, les troubles de l’alimentation ou du sommeil, l’alcoolisme et la toxicomanie. En prime, l’USOPC proposera des sessions de la
thérapie, individuelle et en groupe, et un programme spéciﬁque de transition vers la retraite sportive pour les athlètes proches de quitter la scène sportive.
L’épisode Simone Biles aux Jeux de Tokyo ne sera pas sans conséquence pour la délégation américaine aux Jeux d’hiver de Pékin
2022.
Une cellule psychologique pour la délégation
américaine

A en croire Sean McCann, le psychologie en chef de
l’USOPC, les athlètes des sports d’hiver seraient mieux
préparés que leurs collègues des Jeux d’été à supporter
les contraintes imposées par la crise sanitaire. “Ils sont
plus habitués à être coupés de leur cellule de soutien,
a-t-il expliqué lundi 18 octobre. Ils savent très bien
utiliser Zoom, FaceTime et tous les autres moyens
technologiques pour rester en contact avec leur
famille… C’est un déﬁ, mais je pense honnêtement que
nos athlètes de sports d’hiver sont vraiment formés
pour gérer tout cela.”
le 19 octobre 2021
Sean McCann, Senior Sport Psychologist for the United States Olympic Committee (USOC), has traveled to the last 12 Olympics to work with the nation’s best athletes. In his work for the USOC, he works directly with teams an
coaches, from mental skills seminars and workshops about Olympic pressure, to individual sessions with athletes. In this interview, he talks about how the best mentally prepare for a competition that only happens every four
years. Sean describes that one key factor is to overbuild mental skills so that the athlete can perform when the conditions are not perfect. He suggests to focus on behavior and to ask: 1) What does it mean to do my job well? a
2) What does it look like to not do my job well?
https://www.cindrakamphoﬀ.com/seanmccann
/
Une cellule psychologique pour la délégation
américaine

Compte a rebours santé mentale Paris 2024 - Comité d'organisation des Jeux Olympiques
et Paralympiques de 2024
Accueillir les Jeux, c’est donc relever un double déﬁ : les organiser et en faire un levier
de transformation durable.

#INSEP #sport #psychologie #performance
Paul Wylleman Anaëlle Malherbe Ulrika
Sandmark Hannah Macdougall Véronique
Richard Gangyan Si David McCarthy Matthew
Cullen Eefje Raedts Mathilde Poignard Valentin Roux Sara
Mitchell, PhD Christophe Massina Axel Clerget Léa
PALERMO Bâbak AMIR-TAHMASSEB .OLY Howard
VAZQUEZ Simon Ravello Anaïs Martinez Segui Amélie
Maréchal Fabien CANU Thierry SOLER

#INSEP #sport #psychologie #performance

https://www.sportsnet.ca/olympics/video/stephanie-labbe-discusses-importance-mental-healt
h-advocacy/
Stephanie Labbé, whose heroics in goal
helped Canada win gold at the Tokyo
Olympics, says she could not train for
part of the Games because of "high
levels of anxiety and multiple panic
attacks. » The 34-year-old from Stony
Plain, Alta., who has shared her mental
health struggles in the past, has
opened up again to publicize FIFPRO's
"Are You Ready To Talk" — a mental
health awareness program from the
organization representing 65,000 pro
footballers worldwide.

?
RUGBY

#LiftTheWeight - Lift the Weight (Rugby Mental Health Campaign)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07Q344k72oQ

Myall’s compelling interview in the Guardian has set off alarm bells across the game and
Damian Hopley, the chief executive of the Rugby Players’ Association, is increasingly
concerned about the strain on modern players.
Hopley says around 10% of
Premiership players each year
phone the RPA’s confidential
helpline to discuss mental
problems.
We all recognise the huge
strain they’re being put
under in terms of
performance and backing it
up week in week out.
We need to collaborate throughout the game to get more investment into this area and support for
the players. there is no easy fix.
“We know concussion is the
game’s No 1 injury concern but
this is possibly even greater in
terms of how it affects players,”
said the former Wasps and
England centre.

The England assistant coach, Scott Wisemantel, denied Eddie Jones’s regime is too
intense, insisting the management have received no formal adverse feedback. t’s a very
well-balanced programme.”
Look at sport in general: the
stakes are high, the pressure is
high at the pointy end of the
stick,” said the attack coach,
confirming several players are
choosing to practise yoga and
meditation on their days off as
a coping mechanism.
The growth of social media and
increased training demands and data
analysis have contributed to a
relentless 24/7 working
environment. Simon Kemp, the
RFU’s medical services director, says
“mental health and wellbeing … is
something we take seriously” but
Wisemantel admits there is no easy
fix.
Test players talk to us about being ribbed at their clubs for being well-paid internationals.
The response is often: ‘Well you come and spend a week with us and see how hard we
work.’”
Among Myall’s
revelations was that
several current England
squad members dreaded
going to training camp
because of the heavy
workload and constant
scrutiny.

The RPA’s most recent survey of past players found 62% experienced some kind of mental health
problem within two years of retiring. More than half did not feel in control of their lives two
years after they retired and 50% have had financial difficulties in the first five years after retiring.
In addition 99% of retired pros believe players should be given more assistance when they finish
playing.
Life After Rugby – A Rugby World special
report
https://www.rugbyworld.com/in-the-mag/life-rugby-rugby-world-special-report-1014
03

ces champions qui ont osé parler de leur santé
mentale

MARDI 12 OCTOBRE
2021
Un tabou encore très présent, en
particulier dans le monde du football
masculin. « On essaie de casser le
tabou par rapport aux troubles de la
santé mentale.
on peut aller voir un psy ou un préparateur mental non pas parce qu'il y a un problème, mais
parce qu'on veut être encore meilleur. »

MARDI 12 OCTOBRE
2021
Gouttebarge : « C'est bien moins prononcé qu'il y a cinq ou dix ans. En 2013, nous avons
commencé à collecter des données scientiﬁques sur la santé mentale des joueurs dans le
sport, et cela a permis de mettre la question dans les agendas de toutes les parties
prenantes. Cela a permis aussi de pousser quelques joueurs encore en doute à en parler. »
Une réticence à se conﬁer chez les joueurs eux-mêmes qui s'estompe avec le temps, malgré
tout.

MARDI 12 OCTOBRE
2021
Martin Saric: « Mon frère s’est suicidé et je ne veux pas qu’un autre joueur doive recourir à cela
»
« Si de nos jours, la santé mentale
demeure encore un tabou dans les
clubs de football, imaginez seulement
ce que c’était de parler de dépression il
y a 21 ans de cela. Auparavant, il n’y
avait pas de psychologues dans les
clubs et si quelqu’un se plaignait
d’avoir des problèmes de santé
mentale, on le traitait comme un fou »,
a expliqué Martin à FIFPRO dans un
entretien.
• Le frère aîné de Martín Saric, Mirko, s’est suicidé en 2000, à l’âge de 21 ans, alors qu’il s’est révélé l’une des grandes promesses du football argentin Aujourd’hui, en tant que
représentant des footballeurs, il souligne l’importance pour les clubs de devoir traiter à temps les problèmes de santé mentale des joueurs, même dans les divisions inférieures.

Le prodige de la gymnastique a déclaré forfait pour le concours général individuel afin de se préserver.
Simone Biles après son retrait du concours général de gymnastique par équipes aux Jeux de Tokyo. La décision de l’athlète star a pris tout le
monde au dépourvu, même ses coéquipières. On la pensait blessée physiquement, ce sont ﬁnalement ses nerfs qui ont lâché. Ne sentant pas
pouvoir concourir Simone Biles a également jeté l’éponge pour le concours général individuel aﬁn de «préserver sa santé mentale». 27 juil. 2021
«Dès que je monte sur le tapis, c’est juste
moi et ma tête… Je dois faire face à mes
vieux démons»
«Nous sommes humains, nous ne
sommes pas juste des attractions et il y a
des choses qui se passent en coulisses
dont les gens n’ont aucune idée»

Multi-champion olympique, le nageur australien Ian Thorpe avait révélé souffrir d'épisodes dépressifs.
Le nageur australien Ian Thorpe a révélé en 2016 qu'il luttait contre la dépression depuis son adolescence. Le quintuple
champion olympique avait été hospitalisé pour dépression en 2014 après avoir été retrouvé errant et désorienté dans une rue
de Sydney.
« Le sport est un catalyseur pour quelque
chose de beaucoup plus compliqué et
émotionnel ».
« Je suis quelqu'un qui a lutté contre les
problèmes mentaux depuis son
adolescence »
"Vu de l'extérieur, beaucoup ne
pouvaient pas voir ma souﬀrance ou
comprendre le combat parfois quotidien
auquel j'étais confronté ». »

Naomi Osaka s’est retirée de Roland-Garros et Wimbledon en invoquant son combat contre l’anxiété.
Numéro 2 mondiale, la star japonaise du tennis Naomi Osaka a déclaré en juillet qu’elle espérait être “au meilleur de sa forme”
aux Jeux olympiques après s’être retirée de Roland-Garros et Wimbledon. Elle avait admis avoir traversé «de longues périodes de
dépression» depuis 2018.
« Tout s’est mal passé aujourd’hui, il
suﬃt de regarder le match pour s’en
rendre compte. C’était comme si toutes
les choses sur lesquelles je m’appuie
habituellement m’avaient lâchée. J’ai
l’impression que mon attitude (sur le
court) n’était pas très bonne parce que je
n’ai pas vraiment su faire face à la
pression. Mais c’est le mieux que j’ai pu
faire dans ces circonstances ».

Plus grand nageur de l'histoire, l'Américain Michael Phelps a reconnu avoir souffert d'épisodes dépressifs.
L'Américain, dont la collection de 28 médailles olympiques a été victime de dépression après chacun des JO auxquels il a participé.
Après Londres en 2012, il avait passé des jours enfermé dans une chambre, seul, lors de sa plus grave dépression. Il a aﬃrmé en 2018
qu'il souhaitait aider les personnes victimes de dépression, à s'en sortir en soulignant que sauver une vie était plus important que
gagner.
"J'ai pu réaliser certaines performances
incroyables dans les piscines et je me suis
battu en dehors. Il y avait une partie de
ma vie que je ne souhaiterais pas
connaître ».
"Il y a deux ou trois semaines, j'ai subi
une dépression eﬀrayante. Et c'est
quelque chose qui va continuer d'arriver
dans ma vie"

Shaun White parle de sa santé mentale
Le triple médaillé d’or olympique, Shaun White est entré dans l’histoire en remportant le plus grand nombre de médailles aux
Jeux olympiques en tant que snowboarder. Actuellement, White se prépare physiquement et mentalement pour ses 5e Jeux
Olympiques. De plus, l’homme de 35 ans s’est récemment conﬁé sur la vie stressante qu’il a menée en tant qu’athlète.
Il a lutté contre de multiples blessures,
dont un accident brutal en 2018.
Il a également fait face à des allégations
de harcèlement sexuel. Quand il était
plus jeune, a déclaré White, il pensait que
le fait d'exprimer des problèmes de santé
mentale serait considéré comme une
«faiblesse» ou qu'il n'était pas un
concurrent assez féroce.
Voir d’autres athlètes parler de bien-être
mental et exprimer ouvertement leurs
sentiments a réconforté White. De plus,
cela l’a inspiré à faire de même.
NOVEMBRE 17, 2021 BY CAMERON MACLEAN

Date
"J'ai vécu une grande partie de ma carrière
en pensant que j'allais atteindre la joie par
la souffrance", dit-il, "mais tout ce que j'ai
fait, c'est créer une habitude de souffrance.
J'ai vécu ces beaux moments d'être dans la
zone pendant les matchs, et je me suis dit
qu'ils étaient le résultat des souffrances
ridicules que j'ai endurées et des sacrifices
que j'ai faits. Alors je me suis dit que je
devais souffrir davantage, parce que
c'était comme ça que j'allais revenir dans
la zone.
Jonny Wilkinson says of England’s World Cup triumph: ‘There are some guys that played in the final and
won it who are utterly miserable.’ Photograph: Tom Shaw - World Rugby/World Rugby via Getty Images
“I spent my career surviving the pressure I put on myself,”
But Wilkinson won a World Cup, four Six Nations and the Heineken Cup, twice.
Mon 9 Sep 2019 00.01
BST

Jeremy Bloom, triple champion du monde de ski et double
olympien.
"Cela vous définit et vous perdez votre
identité humaine", a déclaré Jeremy
Bloom, triple champion du monde de ski
et double olympien. « C'est là que ça
devient dangereux. Parce qu'à un
moment donné, on perd tous les
compétitions. Nous passons tous à autre
chose. Nous prenons tous notre retraite
parce que nous vieillissons. Et puis il
nous reste à nous redéfinir.
NOVEMBRE 17, 2021 BY CAMERON MACLEAN
“We aren’t broken, we just aren’t
finished”

l'icône suédoise Zlatan Ibrahimovic se confie au JDD. Le nouveau livre de l'attaquant quadragénaire de l'AC
Milan sort mercredi en France
https://www.lejdd.fr/Sport/Football/le-psg-mbappe-son-avenir-son-caractere-lhomosexualite-dans-le-foot-zlatan-ibrahimovic-se-co
nﬁe-au-jdd-4089363?xtor=EPR-19-[quotidienne]
Chaque matin depuis vingt ans, je sais
exactement ce qui m'attend : le réveil,
l'entraînement… C'est mon adrénaline.
Bientôt, une vie va s'arrêter, une autre
commencer. Je ne sais pas encore
comment, ni quand. Mais ça arrivera, et
j'avoue que ça m'eﬀraie un peu. Qu'y
a-t-il de l'autre côté ?
Forcément, je vieillis et mon corps me
fait mal. J'en prends le plus grand soin
mais il n'y a rien à faire.
17h00 , le 22 janvier 2022

Date
Immense star de la natation, Michael Phelps a lui aussi révélé avoir souffert d’épisodes dépressifs. L’Américain, 28 médailles olympiques dont 23 en or, a subi des dépressions après chacun des JO auxquels il a participé,
entre Sydney 2000 et Rio 2016.
«Vu de l’extérieur, beaucoup ne pouvaient pas voir ma souffrance ou comprendre le combat parfois quotidien auquel j’étais confronté. Cela fait partie de la tromperie inhérente à la dépression et aux troubles mentaux», expliquait
Thorpe.

Date
Ryan Lochte (12 médailles olympiques dont 6 en or), deuxième nageur américain le plus titré de l’histoire après Phelps, a même dit avoir pensé au suicide
«Il y a eu des moments où je pleurais et je pensais : “Si je vais me coucher et que je ne me réveille jamais, tant mieux”», expliquait Lochte en juin
2017.

Date
Triple championne du monde de poursuite cycliste par équipes, médaillée d’argent aux JO de Rio, l’Américaine Kelly Catlin s’est suicidée à 23 ans en mars 2019.
«Après sa commotion cérébrale, elle a commencé à devenir pessimiste. La vie n’avait plus de sens. C’était une personne dépressive», selon son
père.

Date
« Il souﬀrait de trouble du sommeil. Il se
disait notamment poursuivi par des hommes
en uniforme et armés, qu’il assimilait à des
policiers d’une brigade anticriminalité ou
des gendarmes de l’unité d’élite du GIGN.
Le projet de reprise avorté du club de Béziers
l’avait clairement marqué. »

MARDI 12 OCTOBRE
2021
diﬃcultés mentales à assumer la charge que représente une carrière de footballeur
professionnel,
Neymar jouera sa dernière Coupe du monde au Qatar en 2022. C'est en tout cas ce qu'a affirmé le Brésilien, mettant en avant ses difficultés mentales à
assumer la charge que représente une carrière de footballeur professionnel, a fortiori comme la sienne.
« Je pense que c'est ma dernière Coupe
du monde. Je le vois comme ça parce
que je ne sais pas si je serai assez fort
mentalement pour continuer à gérer ma
vie de footballeur par la suite. »

Date
“I have my good and bad days. That’s why I’m speaking out. If you open up you won’t be
alone.”
His addictions and behaviour were too often out of control, and he badly hurt those around him, but he also found himself exploited by those who did not always have his best interests at heart.
Gazza is a snapshot of a crucial moment in our cultural history when the levels of fame and money in football started their exponential rise, fuelling the growing modern obsession with our
sporting stars.
It is also a very personal story about the intense pressures that come with this fame. Pressures which many young sports stars feel today.
The series includes contributions from Paul’s friends, family, his former agents and advisors, former teammates and coaches; and some of the tabloid journalists who wrote about him.
Vulnerable
side
https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/paul-gascoigne-documentary-watch-trailer-56176
31

Date
l’ex-footballeur Paul Gascoigne, 54 ans, 57 fois international avec l’équipe d’Angleterre, qu’il a conduite en demi-finale du Mondial-1990, souffre d’alcoolisme et de dépression depuis des années.
«Une équipe reste quelque chose d'extrêmement fragile, dans la défaite, mais aussi dans la victoire, car les deux mentent ou, du moins, masquent certaines vérités. Il faut garder tous les sens en éveil, prendre en compte un
maximum de données, essayer de transmettre les notions de maîtrise, de lucidité, de discipline… et se souvenir que même la plus pointue des analyses vidéo ne révélera jamais ce qui se passe dans la tête du joueur au moment de
l'action, ni tous les facteurs, y compris intimes, qui ont conditionné son geste en amont»
«Sous des abords parfois dilettantes, Christophe dégageait une douceur un peu triste et inexplicable, mélange de fragilité et de délicatesse qu'il mettait en toute chose, avec une qualité d'écoute exceptionnelle chez un sportif de ce
niveau.»
Here Gascoigne, in the company of his therapist, confronts his demons and takes the
plunged Gascoigne into dark despair are revealed together with the critical moments th
gambling, eating disorders and compulsive behaviour. This is more than the story of on
day. Through self-assessment forms and expert advice, any reader who sees a mirror
“I have my good and bad days. That’s why I’m speaking out. If you open up you won’t be
alone.”

Date
De l’enfer au paradis : le cycliste britannique Mark Cavendish, co-détenteur du
nombre de victoiressur le Tour de France avec 34 succès, a expliqué en avril 2020 avoir surmonté deux ans d’une dépression diagnostiquée «en
août 2018»
«J’étais sombre», «je crois que je m’en suis sorti, et c’est bien d’en être sorti», a raconté le coureur de la Deceuninck-Quick
Step.

Date
Autre grand sprinteur, l’Allemand Marcel Kittel, «épuisé», avait mis un terme à sa carrière à l’été 2019.
Je sais par expérience personnelle ce que cela fait et combien cela peut être diﬃcile lorsque vous doutez de ce que vous faites. Seul le temps vous donne les réponses et j’espère pour Tom qu’il les trouvera bientôt. Je lui souhaite
d’avoir la même force pour cette épreuve que celle qu’il a sur le vélo », a-t-il déclaré dans un post sur Instagram.
«Les souffrances définissent le sport et le monde dans lequel tu vis. J’ai perdu toute la motivation de me torturer sur un vélo», avait alors expliqué l’Allemand. Le vainqueur de 14 étapes sur le Tour de France avait mis en cause la
pression extérieure et les sacrifices demandés à un sportif de haut niveau. «Il y avait beaucoup d’attentes autour de moi, expliquait-il Pour pouvoir faire face à cela dans un sport qui vous épuise physiquement, il faut beaucoup d’
énergie mentale. Je n’ai jamais abordé mon sport avec de grandes attentes et avec l’idée de gagner ceci ou cela. Et quand votre carrière est marquée par de nombreux succès pendant tant d’années, vous en avez assez à un
moment donné. Je ne suis pas le seul cycliste à avoir vécu cela. Tous les coureurs en arrivent à un point où le sport, qui est devenu votre passe-temps, n’est plus votre passion».

Date
Le Néerlandais Tom Dumoulin, vainqueur du Tour d’Italie et champion du monde de contre-la-montre en 2017, vice-champion olympique de la discipline aux JO de Rio, a expliqué en début d’année vouloir «faire
une pause» pour «réﬂéchir […] et chercher à
savoir ce (qu’il veut) faire de (sa) vie». Il a depuis repris la compétition.
Aujourd’hui, j’ai le sentiment de ne plus savoir quoi
faire, et de laisser les autres répondre pour moi. Cela
ne me mène pas aux résultats espérés. Cela me rend
malheureux. C’est dommage, cela ne devrait pas se
passer comme ça. C’est pour cela que je vais faire
une pause pour un moment ».
Tom Dumoulin

Date
L’ancien footballeur espagnol Andrés Iniesta a traversé une période dépressive à 25 ans, juste après sa deuxième Ligue des champions remportée avec le FC Barcelone en 2009.
"Les jours passaient et je me rendais compte que ma situation ne
s'améliorait pas, je ne me sentais pas bien, je n'étais pas moi-même.
Tout était sombre, je voyais tout en noir", a déclaré Iniesta dans le
documentaire "Andres Iniesta, le héros inattendu" diﬀusé par le service
de vidéo à la demande Rakuten TV.

ces champions qui ont osé parler de leur santé
mentale
Quand tu es une femme, noire c’est + compliqué

As Switzer soon escaped the outraged Semple and went on to ﬁnish the race, the photograph captures the pivotal moment which exposed the disgusting greed of Semple to control ‘his’ race. His aggressive and hostile approach to Switzer were not actions from a desire to protect, which men often cited as their ‘reason’ for banning women from sports;
rather, his actions came from his ego, which he likely viewed as precious and something that should not be ‘softened’ by a woman, especially one wise enough to attain a racing number. Gilbert and Williamson agree: “at least in competitive sports, the masculinity of males is a more tender and perishable commodity than the femininity of females.”20 In
1967, the photograph revealed the grossness of women’s exclusion from sports to the American public, raising more general public awareness of the issue. As the photograph is well-known and circulated still today, in a modern context, it represents the great amount of progress that America has made in inclusion of female runners, especially in roadraces,
yet also reminds the nation of the lingering gender disparities in running and other sports.
http://mytrackandﬁeldrecords.com/records/Running_Up_the_Mountain_of_the_Male_Ego_Titl
e_IX_and_the_Gender_Hierarchy_in_Sports.pdf
Kathrine Switzer, comme Roberta Gibb, Merry Lepper et Julia Chase-Brand, fait partie d’une génération de pionnières qui va révolutionner la course au féminin. Au milieu des années 1960, la plupart des marathons sont réservés aux hommes, dont ceux
Boston et des Jeux olympiques. La pensée répandue à cette époque était que les femmes n’avaient pas l’endurance nécessaire pour courir de longues distances, et que l’exigeant entraînement pour ce genre d’épreuves pouvait faire tomber leur utérus, les
rendre infertiles ou encore provoquer des changements corporels qui les masculiniseraient. Ainsi, les Jeux ne présentent aucune course féminine de plus de 800 mètres (sauf en 1924), une distance qui a même seulement été ajoutée au programme des Jeu
de Rome en 1960 : avant cela, la distance la plus longue que couraient les femmes était le 200 mètres. Un sprint.
ges.radio-canada.ca/c_scale,w_1000/v20170329141653/ici-info/sports/16x9/kathrin
e-switzer-jock-semple-boston-herald.jpg

Date
I first encountered
the #DepressedWhileBlack Twit
ter account through her brave,
real, and sometimes
painfully-funny tweets like “I
honestly feel I’m the most
depressed mental health
advocate ever” and “A suicide
attempt costs thousands of
dollars. Like, it is so expensive.”
and “Don’t know if I can go back
to not having a black therapist.
Nothing like talking about how
fine Nas is during therapy.”
Later I learned that the account
belonged to DC area-journalist
Imade Nibokun, and that
Depressed While Black is a
much larger project: an online
community and in-progress
book that explores race, religion,
and romance—all within the
context of living with
depression.
'I Thought Depression Was a White People Disease': a Conversation with Depressed While Black
i can't be depressed i am
african

Date
with having an
awareness of my
body’s needs. I tend to
thrive the most with
therapists who employ
mindfulness and other
dialectical behavioral
therapy exercises. The
grounding of deep
breathing and
progressive muscle
relaxation plants my
Just 10.3% of African American women used mental health services in the past year compared to 21.5% of white wom
according to the SAMSHA National Survey on Substance Abuse and Health from 2008 to 2012.
As black women, we are the experts of our lived experiences. We have the right to have mental health support that acknowledges how our journey
is diﬀerent from others.”

Changing
narratives
https://www.common-goal.org/Stories/Tackling-Hate-Speech-in-Football2021-05-

De la préparation mentale
au coaching mental hollistique

Après de nombreuses années de
conseil et d’accompagnement de
sportifs de tous niveaux, une évidence
m’apparaît. Je décide de me spécialiser
dans une phase primordiale de la
performance sportive, la Préparation
Mentale. Je vous propose aujourd’hui
de vous accompagner, grâce à une
méthode simple et eﬃcace, mise au
point par Anaëlle Malherbe,
préparatrice mental de l’INSEP
(Institut nationale du sport expertise et
performance). Le but étant de clariﬁer
et structurer votre mental pour vous
rendre autonome et à 100% dans
votre pratique.
IMPACT PHYSCHOLGIQUE DE LA
PERFORMANCE

https://sportmedbc.com/article/mental-skills-training-spo
rt

MARDI 12 OCTOBRE
2021
« Votre cerveau est
comme un muscle. Il
faut donc entraîner
votre cerveau pour le
rendre plus fort, plus
dynamique, plus souple,
plus endurant ou bien
tout simplement plus
équilibré en fonction de
vos besoins personnels
et de votre sport. . »
ANTHONY METTE Dr
en Psychologie
Augmentez vos habiletés mentales pour atteindre
l’excellence

https://believeperform.com/coping-strategies-in-elite-sport/#:~:text=Coping%20strategies%20are
%20being%20used,a%20form%20of%20cognitive%20restructuring.
the athlete should reflect after each session as this may induce a positive mental
state.
Though it was originally designed to treat depression, its uses have been expanded to include the treatment of a number of mental health conditions, including anxiety,[5][6]
al
use problems,
Cognitive behavioral
therapy (CBT)
CBT will aid the person in identifying what could be considered automatic negative thoughts, which influence mood and mindset. These
thoughts seem to be automatic and impulsive. But through CBT, people can discern said thoughts and restructure them into a more realistic and
positive train of thought. CBT techniques for anxiety modify the ramifications of anxiety-riddled thoughts into realistic, objective, and helpful
outcomes.
Sport psychology researcher, Dr Faye
Didymus, worked with four high-level female
hockey players over nine months, using a
CBT technique called cognitive restructuring
to help them identify what put them under
pressure, understand how they responded
emotionally, and then consider more helpful
alternative responses. The results were
immediate: things that they had viewed as
threats, players began to see instead as
challenges, resulting in more positive
emotions and higher satisfaction with their
performance.
the practitioner should recreate a competitive environment (Shaw, 2005). By doing this the athlete will be more prepared to deal with situations he/she they try to
hide from.
Contextual behavioral
therapy (CBT)
COGNIGTIO
N
GAME

L’anxiété
compétitive
L’anxiété est conçue comme une réponse de
l’organisme, confronté aux demandes
environnementales.
L’état d’anxiété est lié à la perception d’une
menace, c’est-à-dire à l’évaluation de la situation
actuelle comme dangereuse, physiquement ou
psychologiquement. On considère que la perception
de la menace dépend de deux représentations
indépendantes : la perception de l’importance du
résultat, et la perception de l’incertitude du résultat.
La perception de l’incertitude du résultat est liée à la
probabilité subjective de succès, c’est-à-dire aux
chances que se donne le sujet d’atteindre le résultat
escompté…
https://www.cairn.info/psychologie-du-sport--9782715404465-page-14.ht
m

A comprehensive model for psychological development in competitive sports
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S26672391210000
83
Zhang (2013) pointed out that the purpose of traditional Chinese philosophy is to mold
ideal personality and nurture individuals’ spirit. The core of this philosophy is to
regulate and control the body and mind. Chinese culture contains not only a system of
thought, but also a system of practice methods. This integration is the quintessence of
Chinese culture. Zhang (2013) also reported that it includes both insight into good
thoughts and specific behavioral modification methods for the ideal. It educates people
with useful ways to think and behave, leading to a spiritual world. Chinese culture
provides many techniques and methods for athletes’ psychological training. These
methods include 1) introspection and reading for control of thinking and attitude, 2)
meditation, breath counting and standing Qigong for control of deliria and disturbing
thoughts, and 3) training of mindfulness and learning of Guqin, Go, calligraphy and
Chinese painting for control of emotions. Some Chinese
sport psychologists (e.g., Li, Zhang, & Zhang, 2017) are beginning to try, for example,
calligraphy practice in Chinese trampling and windsurfing teams to help athletes
enhance self-control capacity.
The core of this philosophy is to regulate and control the body and
mind

There are two characteristics
of Liu's comprehensive
model: 1) it starts out by
forming the appropriate
motion process and
behavioral habit, with
positive self-image as the
final goal, and embodies the
feature of progressive and
comprehensive psychological
training. 2) It emphasizes the
importance of cultivating and
developing athletes’
self-control ability and
improving self-awareness.
The model integrates mental skill training as the foundation, positive thinking control training as the joint, positive self-image as the
integration
83

Adversity training model
Si (2006, 2007) systematically summarized the difficulty traditional
psychological training faced in the sports field and analyzed the
reasons. When describing and defining ideal performance, the
traditional psychological training paradigm followed the optimal
principle, which aimed to pursue the optimal state, and considered that
optimal performance will only appear under the optimal psychology
state. The best or the optimal mental state may be a kind of mood state
like the iceberg profile, or may be a kind of
one-dimensional/multidimensional optimal level, region or their
combination, or else a kind of “flow” state. However, Si proposed a new
definition of peak performance from the perspective of applied sport
psychology: successfully coping with all kinds of adversity during
competition.
The model integrates mental skill training as the foundation, positive thinking control training as the joint, positive self-image as the
integration
83

83
Psychological development system for Chinese athletes
Zhang and Zhang (2011) discussed the possibility and necessity of
integrating Chinese culture and psychological training from five
facets, including: 1) Doctrine of life: agreement on the goal of Chinese
philosophy and the goal of athletes' psychological consultation; 2)
Consistency of cognition and behavior: agreement between Chinese
culture and the ways of athletes' psychological consultation; 3) Tao of
Nature: agreement between Chinese culture and contents of athletes'
psychological consultation; 4) Control of mind and body: agreement
between Chinese culture and the core of athletes' psychological
training; 5) Methods being ways to show doctrine: agreement
between Chinese culture and methods of athletes' psychological
training. Zhang and Zhang also conceived a three-level psychological
development system for Chinese athletes as shown in Fig. 2. Chinese
sport psychology practitioners realize that good self-control at the
critical moment of competition needs both concrete methods (e.g.,
respiratory adjustment, attention control, self-talk) and spiritual
shackles (e.g., dialectically treating success and failure, gain and loss,
advance and retreat). This is the so-called relationship between “shu”
and “dao”. Sometimes western scholars use the term of psychological
skill training instead of mental training or psychological training, to
emphasize the importance of operationalization and skill aspects of
psychological training (e.g., Brewer &
Shillinglaw, 1992; Ridley, 1992). By contrast, Zhang and
Zhang's (2011) psychological development system places more
emphasis on educational orientation and spiritual shackles of
psychological training. Liu's comprehensive model for psychological
development and Si's Adversity coping model are more neutral (Liu,
1998, 2001; Si, 2006, 2007). While Liu's model is somewhat
macro-oriented, Si's model is more micro-oriented.
How to to develop students’ mental abilities to improve their mental health has become the focus
of researchers and practitioners in this ﬁeld (Liu, et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2014).

83
How to use school physical education to develop students’ mental abilities and to improve
their mental health has become the focus of researchers and practitioners in this field
(Liu, et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2014).
researchers have examined how effective pedagogical practices are favored by teachers and students. Many pedagogical models of physical education are grounded in psychological theories, such as programmed instruction
(Liu, 2005), microteaching (Jiang & Chang, 2013) and cooperative learning (Li & Sun, 2001)

The eight challenges of Chinese sport
psychology
83
Motion perception and decision-making in sport
Neural efficiency and neuroplasticity
Self-control and athletic performance
Mental health of athletes
The dose-effect of exercise on mental health
Moderators in exercise promoting mental health
Intention-behavior gap in exercise promoting mental health
Neural mechanisms of exercise promoting mental health
Funding was provided by The National Key Research and Development Program of China: Research and emonstration of Key Technologies for the International Training Platform for Winter Developing and Undeveloped Sports
(Grant No. 2018YFF0300900).
Cultural
diﬀerences

The eight challenges of Chinese sport
psychology
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341852316_Expert_Consensus_of_Early_
Specialized_Training_in_Adolescent_Chinese_-qingshaonianzaoqizhuanxianghuaxun
comprehensive coping strategies of
early-stage special training for
adolescents: choosing appropriate
early specific training timing, the
construction of a long-term youth
development model, strengthen
youth diversity training, efficient
combination of training and
monitoring, as well as the
establishment of age-appropriate
competition system

Self-talk is often used to motivate and enhance confidence levels in athletes prior to or during a sporting situation (Hall, 2009). Much
research has focused on the comparisons between positive and negative self-talk. A series of studies have found that positive
self-talk “enhances performance through increases in confidence and anxiety control.” (Hamilton, 2007, p. 227). Whereas negative
self-talk is viewed as being inappropriate and counterproductive (Shaw, 2005). Contrary to this, a study by Morgan (2010) found a
positive correlation between negative self-talk and an increase of performance.
Coping strategies are being used as a way of eliminating an athlete’s level of stress and arousal before a game (Morgan, 2010). Coping
strategies used are self-talk, imagery and muscular relaxation. Imagery is a form of cognitive restructuring.
strategies and techniques for learning and developing psychological skills (Mesagno,
2010)
the athlete should reflect after each session as this may induce a positive mental
state.
https://believeperform.com/coping-strat
egies-in-elite-sport/#:~:text=Coping%20s
trategies%20are%20being%20used,a%20f
orm%20of%20cognitive%20restructuring.

https://www.brainpost.co/weekly-brainpost/2021/5/18/the-role-of-self-talk-in-spor
ts
Under the dual process framework, System 1 might give rise
to the spontaneous, self-expressive form of self-talk, making
the athlete more aware of their feelings in the moment.
System 2 might then be engaged to interpret the content of
their self-talk based on any of the several factors identified
above, such as their self-esteem and context. In addition,
since self-talk arising from System 2 processing is more
intentional, it can be used to regulate subsequent behavior.
Self-talk may primarily act by reducing performance-related anxiety among
athletes, particularly when it is positive. Moreover, self-talk has been linked to greater
enjoyment, self-confidence, and higher perceived self-competence.

Humans performing under pressure. Emotional intellingence #noussommesvivants.pdf

Humans performing under pressure. Emotional intellingence #noussommesvivants.pdf

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